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TRIl-WEEKLY -_ EDiiK WINNSBOR09 S. C. TUE SDAY, JAN UARY 7, 1879 {VOL. 2. O.- 15 DON'T sTor Ary PAPRAl. Don't stop my paper, printer, Don't strike my name oft, yet; You know the times are stringent, And dollars hard to get; But tug i little harder Is what I mean to do, And scrape the dimes together, Enough for me and you. I can't afford to drop it; I find its doesn't pay To do without a paper, However others may. I hate to ask iny neighbors To give me their's on loan; They don't just say, but mean It, Why don't you have your own? You can't toll how we mlsoit, If it, by any fate, Should happon not to reach us, Or comes a little late; Then all is In a hubbub, And things ro all awry, And, printer, if you're niarried You know the reason why. I cannot do without it, It is no use to try. For other people take it, And, printer, so must I. I, too niust keep me posted, AnA know what is going on, Or feel, and be accounted A fogy simpleton, Then, take it kindly, printer, If pay be somiewhiat slow, For cash is not so plenty, And wants not few, you know. But I must have my paper, Cost what it may to me, I'd rather dock my sugar, And do without my tea. So printer, don't you stop It, Unless you want my frown, For here's tho year's subecription, And eredit it right down And send die paper promptiy And regularly on, And let It bring us weekly Its welcomed benison. DISTRESS IN BRAZ IL. WBRAIBLM SUFFERING IN T1E PROVINCE' OF CZARA. Failure of the Crops and Death of the Cattle--Smallpox and Starvation. The latert advices from Per nimbuco, Brazil, by the steamer Rio de Janeico, confirm the 11er ald's telegram concerning famine and pestilence in the Brazilian province of Ceara. From the in terior of the province the famished inhabitants have fied to the seaport of Fortaleza by thousands, swelling the population of that city from 11,000 to 200,000 souls. Fortaleza is the only prominent seaport town in the province, and offers the only outlet by which Rio Janeico or Pernambuco can be reached. To this port the natives have fled to escape the inevitable starvation that awaited them, and the:a have fallen victims in great numbers to W- the smallpox. Pernambuco advices state that, with the pestilence and famine combined, the distress in Fortaleza is terrible, and daily on the increase, and unless an abate ment of both is soon reported, tbreatens to destroy the greater portion of the population of Coara. LoOATIoN OF' THiE PROVINCs. The province, or State of Ceara, is the most northeastern of the Brazilian Empire, and embraces an -area about equal to that of the State of New York. It has 'a sea, ooast of abkout one hundred and eighty miles and several small sea port towns, the only one of con siderable size being Fortaleza, which ordinarily has a population of 11,000. The southeastern, southern and seacoast parts of the country are mountainotts, but the greater part of the provine. coine sists of vast .prairies and plains. The population of,the p)roin~e, ac cording to the census of 1872, was 7100,000, which has rapidly increas ed since that tim~e, and numbered in 1870, the date of the beginning of thle present distress, nearly one million. The climate is mild throughout the year, resembling that of California, having a rainy season from May to August, and summer from August to January. The population is almost entirely Portuguese, which language pre. vails in the province. Tile religion is Catholic throughout. PREvIoUs DISTREss. In 1878 the rain failed ami a drought ensued which destroyed the crops of eastei'a p art of the province and easod ,the ydeath,o hundreds of tlioitnds o%f 4eattle, the main support ofA the - back country. In that year, at in this, the people6frda the iterior crowd' ed from the arid and barren plains to the seacoast. They swarmed. int o Fortaleza and the other sea port towns, leaving their surviving iords to live as best they could, and deserting their homes for the food and fresh air of the seacoast. The distress, which then culminated in the starvation of hundreds in the cities, was brought to the attention of the government. Ships were char. tered by authority of the govern, ment at Rio Janeico, and the great er portion of the inhabitants were romoved from the province to Rio Janeico, Pernambuco and Bahia. In its efforts to relieve the distress by this and the present famine the Brazilian government has expended $8,000,000, besides the contribu.. tions from the Provinces, England, France, Portu gal, and the itid fur nished by mer ohants of New York. A few merchants in New York ii 1876 contributed $3,000, which was augmented by a donation of $25, 000 from the buRiness men of Liverpool, England, and various sums from o ther maritine nations, countries trading with the Brazilian Empire. The fight of the inhabi tants from the famine-stricken district in 1876 left Ceara nearly depopulated, THE PREsENT YEAR. The government in 1877' aided vast numbers of the people to re turn and furnished them the means of living and planting crops for this year. The drouth of the past summer has, it seems, proved the culminating misfortune of the wretched population, and has brought them face to face with a famine e ialling that of Persia and China. The coffee crop has failed entirely and the vast herds in the interior have died off, leaving the natives without subsistence or the prospect of living without aid from abroad. The province is so remote from the seat of government and the more p>pulous parts of the Empire that, unless energentic and immediate steps are taken to relieve the famished and plague siricken people, it is probable that the death rate and the scenes of horror in Fortaleza and the other parts of the province will far exceed those of the yellow fevar cities of the Southern United States. The smallpox, which is adding to the terrors of famine in 'Ceara was brought from Rio JAneico by re tiring refugees from that port to Fortaleza, and is of a type that has so far resisted the treatment of the native physicians. The death rate is great and constantly increasing. The small city of Fortaleza, which at best afforded but scant accom modations for its 11,000 people, is over crowded beyond description by the 200,000 that have sought relief and shelter in it, and the virulent plague is sweeping them off by the hundreds a day. There is no escape save by vessels from ' the port, which is avoi-led by all those knowing of the epidemic, and in the interior is nothing but the slower, though surer, death by starvation. "A story in sent to me aboith the late Mr. McNab, curator of the Edinburg~h Botanical Gardens. When Dubufe's celebrated paintings of Adam and Eve were on exhibi Lion Mr. McNab was taken to see them, and was asked for his opinion. 'I think no groat things of the painter,' said the great gardener. iWhy, man, Eve's temiptin' Adam wi' a pippin of a variety that wasna known until aboot twenty yrears ago 1' As genuine a bit of criticism as that of the farmer who told George Morland that he had never seen eight little pigs feeding without one of them having his feet in the trough. Morland altered the pio~ tare."-London WVorld1. ADULTER AND FoR~NX0ATIO.-The following is the text of the act p assed at the late sessjif of the legislatLure, "To prohibit persons living together in adultery": "That any man and woman who shall dwell together in a state of adultery or fornication, or adultery and fornication, shall be indicted, and, on conviction, such offenders shall be severally punished by a line not less than one hundred dollars nor more thau five hundred dollars, or imprisonnmbat not less -than six months nor nior,e, than twelve months, or by both lire and i prisonment, at the~ discretion of the Qourt." To know a .thing is ight, anel not to do it, is a weakness. When you know a jhin~ imal4taj that you lkndw' It;Q*r da n 'do not knof~iti sadmit ~the eat s this is wisdoin. Fear dd6t otverby, btub fear missing onf the truth. ASBM$AfENT OF REAL SSTATE. The New Act Passed by the Legislaa, ture--Several Changes. To further provide for the assess. ment of real estate for the purpo, ses of taxation. Bo it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the State of South Carolioa, now met and sitting in General Assembly, and by the authority of the same. Sec. 1. That the County Auditors in the several counties of the - State be, and they are hereby, required, before the time fixed*for the assess.. ment of property for the purpose of taxation, to appoint in and for each township of their respeotive coun ties three intelligent and discreet freeholders, resident in the town ship for which they are appointed, who, upon taking the oath pre scribed for officers in the constita tion, shall meet at some convenient place in their respective counties and elect a chairman, and, when so organized, shall form a Board of Assessors for the purpose of ases. ing the value of real estate in their township for the purpose of taxa tion. Sec. 2. 'That before entering the valuo of any real estate upon his duplicate, the County Auditor shall submit a description of the same to the Board of Assessors, appointed as aforesaid for the toOnship in which said real estate is sit hte, and 'the said Board of Assess A shall, thereupon, without delay, assess the value of the same, and certify thoir assessment back to the said Auditor to be entered upon his duplicate. Sec. 3. That the members of the said Board of Assessors shall re ceive no compensation, but shall be (xempt from road and jury duty in their respective counties. . See. 4. That the chairman of the said Boards of Assessors in the several counties of the Sta4e shall, together, constitute the County Board of Equalization in such counties, and shall perform the duties now devolvod by law upon the said Board. Sec. 5. That the chairmen of the several county Boards shall cnsti - tute the Stato Board of E-qualiza tion. Sec 6. That all acts and parts of acts inconsistent with this act be, and the sanie are hereby, repealed. ORIGIN OF THE MAsoNs.--Masonic writers claim that the Masonic or der was founded in Solomon's time, deriving its origin from the "Diony saie fraternity" of architects and builders engaged in the construc tion of temples and theatres, a band of whom worked upom the temple. Of this there is no historical proof. By another aceount the origin is found in the associations of masons and builers during the Middle Ages. These associations had. a regular government and, ranged from coun try to country wherever they found churches to build. - They enjoyed the especial favor of -the Onpe, and weore exempted from taxes apd oth er burdens,ftom which coMes the name "free" masons. Men Qf emi nence, both kings and prelates, joined the order, and Gually the practical feature fell into obeyance. Masonry now is speculative. Some writers claim th'at it ,bad its origin in 1646, being founded by an long lishman named Ashmnole, from signs and symbols borrowed from the Knights Templars and Rosicrucians. In 1666 Sir Christophar Wren wvas appointed Grand Master of Eng land, so that it must have had sev oral lodges. In 1702 St. Paul's Lodge of London was the on'y one, or about the only one in England, and this lodge threw open the doors to other professions. In 1717 there were four lodges, and these formed the Grand Lodge. As thus organ.. ized it was transplanted to the Continent. The first lodge in America was organized in B3oston in 1738. Many attempts have :been made in Europe to suppress the order. It now numbers about 10,000 lodges and 1,000,000 mnem bers. Over 4,000 books relating to it have been published.-Vew Tork Worl. The governor of Nebraska, "in view of the injurious and exag gerated reports sent abrood," "au thorizes the following statement of facts ;" November 2.8. D. Biohards mur4ered a woman and her three children, and Decemnber 9 poisoned. a neighbor. Dlecember 9 a mo of dow-.boys from. Ouster county took two homesteader~s from the dhariff, in whopotstody they were, an& bdter 'anyi.edbat's .91 there is Abou it, exdelpt that "all a now -onlet.' - KIF#1RD BY A BNAR. Horrible Death of a Boy at Parkvlle, Long Island. [b)-o011 the New YorkA Time, January l.] A groat many visitors wero C rawn to one of the minor hotels on Coney Island during the past two summers by the antics of two trained bears I chained to stakes in front of the house alluded to. One peculiarity of boars, And one which provoked niuch mirth and proved most profitable to the propietor of the hotel, was their in ordinate capacity for boor. . The male bear, an animal of unusal size and botuty foi' a bear, who was known as Big onIn, has frequently drunk as many as fifty bottles of lager beema day. He used to stand on his hind feet, and holding the bottle with his fore paws swallow its contents. Like many animals of a higher order Big Ben never know when to stop, and would often be como very drunk. While In this condition he was frequently kicked and cuffed about by tho mon who had given him the beer. In the winter time the boars were taken to Parkvillo and chained in a yard op)osito Thom's Road house. On IVlonday afternoon a party of boys commenced snow-balling the bears, and were driven away by Mr. Thom. c About an hour afterward a lad nam ed Samuel Stretch, thirteen years of age, who had frequently played I with the bears, approached the larg- ( er of the animals for the purpose of t petting hini. When young Stretch s came sufficiently near, Big Ben sud denly sprang upon him. Rendered furious by the snow-balling which hq,had received some 'time before, the animal clasped the boy with his foro paws, and, hugging him tight - ly, crushed in his ribs. - At the same time the bear sank hib teeth t into the boy's neck, severing the ju hnalr vein and inflicting a wound which proved almost instantly fatal. s When young Stretch found himself a being drawn into the fatal embraco i of the bear lie cried out in terror. it A stableman working near by heard t the cry, and, armed with a pitch- a fork, rushed to the lad's assistance, but the hug a'nd bite which ended the boy's life were the work of an instant.* The tragedy occurred in full sight of neighboring hotels, and t in a moment a crowd of men camo running toward the bear.' The brute growled furiously and showed a disposition to fight. Mr. Thom, armed with a hatchet, struck the brute on the head, and C Mr. Peter Ravenhall plunged a dirk knife into Big Ben's body sev- I oral times. When young Stretch ' was carried into Thon's hotel t lie was quito dead. Notwithstand- I ing the stabs from the dirk-knife and the blows from the hatchet, it took fAve shots from a revolver and c two shots from a shotgun to kill the a bear. The female boar, which was ohained some distance away, exhibit ed no excitement during the attack 1 on the boy or the subsequent killing j of her mate. The deceased boy ro sided in the village of Parkville, j about two miles south of Prospect Park, and was the son of a porter a.nployed in this city. THE SEL~rL Pox IN .ORAzI,. -The small pox is raging to a very fearful extent in Brazil, and it is said that 30,000 people died from this plague during the month of November. Dom Pedro, the Emiperor, tole, graphed to the Brazillian minister at Washington, Menor Borges, to proonre all the vaccine matter pos. siblo and forward it to the em piro, The minister has applied to the health officer of Washington who has promised him to procure and ship to Rio all the vaccine matter which can be obtained. The quiet village of B.ridgovillo, Pa., was thrown into an unusual state of eoltomont Christmas even--1 ing by a singular elopement. Wil-. liam Mitchell a young man of about twenty years, eloped with his uncle's wife, a dashing woman of twenty five. Mitchell hired a sleigh and drove to B3ridlgevillo, when, under the pretonse of taking his aunt to ohureh, ho brought her in time to take the 9.27 eyening train to K(an. sas. Mrs. Mitchell is very pretty and has heretofore borne a very fair reputation.. She has succeeded ini purloining from her husband in the past year about one thousand dol'. I are. As a roli'able and cheap r'eme dy for the various affecttiry of the throat and lunge, we heartily re commend.Dr. Buill's (kdugh Syrup, Price 2l centp. Pay eyouri subaoriptioft' to the. Nes m n. GAEEMAL GOSSI. Goneral Longstrect has boon bendarod, and will probably accept, he postmastership of Gainesville, 3a. General Shorman says this coun. ;ry vill have a population of eighty iiiulione inside of tho next twenty (oars. At St. Louis on Friday the 5ooond Baptist Church, Roy. Dr. 3oyd pastor, was dostroyed by fixo. .oss $100,000. The French governmnt is about 0 appoint a consul to Mhn city of Stetz, which was taken froin the Froneh in the late war. The mayor of Norfolk, Va., an tounces his purpose to vigorously inforce the penalty against portos lotected in carrying cC. coaled veapons. The total debt of Tennessee, with lie accumulatod interest for July 1, .875, amounted on January 1st ,879, to more than twonty-fivo aillions of dollars. An unknown man was frozen to loath near Macon, Ga., on Thurs., lay night. Ho had been. intoxicat. id. The thermometer was only 131 legroes above zero. The female chimpanzee of the ?hiladelphia Zoological Garden is load, and students of the Darwinian heory are interestedly watching the trangely manlike expressions of riof by her male conpxnion. A Jew directs the public affairs i Protestant England ; the most inportant departiOn ts of the ,overnmont of Catholio France are .dmisistred by Protestants, and lie Sultan's Minister of Foreign Lffairs is a Christian. Thore has been no such fall of now in Switzerland for many years a during the last month. Trafil, s greatly impeded, the omnibusos re running as sledges, and from lie Jura to the Alps there is one Imost unbroken mass of snow. Dempster Hall, at Evanston, Ill., vas burned to the ground Thursday iight. Loss $25,000 ; insurance )3,000. This building was the hoological home of a large number I Methodist ministers of the Torthwest, being a branch of vanston University. A Philadelphia dry goods mor hant has added a children's room o his store, where mothers may ,avo their children to be amnused rith rooking-horses, picturcs and Dys while they do thoir shopping. abies in arms not admitted, lost hoy should not bo callod for again The Leo Monument Assooiation, bartered by the Legislature of irginia for the purpose of 6rooting n Richmond a monument to Oon, lobert .. Lee, proposes to take Lp on his birthday--the 19th of Fanuary-a collection throughout he South in aid of its undortaking. t is suggegtod also tha., entortain cents .be given throughout .the south on the night of the I9th for he same object. The association mas a large sum on hand, but not nough to erect a fitting monument. A.t Duibuque, Iowa, on Thursday, 'en convicts in the poenitentiary >roke out of the stonocutters' shed nd made a desperate efl'ort for iberty, the yard being enclosed miy by a board stockade. One was hot dead by the guard and another atally shot. The reinainder osa apod from the yard, Two were ~ hot by the guards, both droppi.ng vith a broken leg each. viye thors were soon rooapturecl, John )onoboe boilig the only one now at iberty. CINCINNATI's RAIIO..-'Thd Sue >reme Court of Ohio has affirmed he decision of theo'Suporior Court >f Cincinnati, doolaring the $2,, )00,000 Southern Railroad aot mconstitutional. Thin in a very mportant decision for the city .of 3inoinnati and for the holdprA of southeorn Rlailroad b)onds, It effoc-. ~ually defeats the plans of the. idvocates. of repudiation and obi struction, andi insures the war'ly 3.ompletion, of the 'oad, which has ilready cost the people $J.,0,,000, mud ends in the woods of Kontnoky. L'he uncomupletdid sootfoft is under sontract to Houston & Co.,, wvho are under hoayy bonds to finish it ai one year from'the date of the riooision of the Supreme Court. APPLICATIONS will '1be* - reove ..unt%Ilie 15th hjitant fo: ciocoe Spof luiin'isfo* he towh' of paiiAl)o reor6Opos. '