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TlI-WEEKLY EDITION,] - S. C., AUR)Ay MORN[NG, AUGU ST 25, 187V 25, 187 NO 4 NEW ADYERTISEMENTS 25 4ANPY PADS all now styles.with nami, 10cta post paid. J. It. Ilusmi, Nassawt 5Its Coui%,y, New York. Glenlos Sul phrll. Soap (liorougily erem diseases of the skin. 25c. per enke; box (a eakes 70.) 8ent by mail, PrepaId lon receipt (of price. c. N. cKixygm"y, Prop'r, 7 Sixth Avonue, N.Y. Revolver and Cartridres for , A tine nickel plated, seven shot, pocket, r volver ; a flrst-ol s article. Sent C. 0. D., or on receipt or )riev. M. W. Wi1,as. P. 0. Box .$,718, New York. N. F BURNIAB'S "1874" Water-Wheal -1s declared the "STANDAUD 11THRBINE," by over 650 persons who use it. Prices reduced NQN pamphlet, free. N. F. BJUNHAM, York, Pa. LADIESlogant lot, itation Rone corai 8ets Droetpil ana cudant Drop, Sent RtPaidtoanyroa-lor ona P4.por for 23 3. Three0 Cote fCr D0 Cents. In Cur rency or Stamps. 0 on .L e l i t___ DINOow. Yorx. TRIFLING With a Cold is Always Dangerous. US H IWELLS' Carbot-le Tablets, :n sure reinedy for Coughs, adil all Dis eases o.f tho Throat, Lungs, Chest 1and Mucous Mlecrtnrygn. PUT UP ONLY IN UI,E DOXEs. '13id by.nil Druggists. C. N. CHrTTENTO-, 7 Sixth Avenue, N. Y. ROANORE COLLE4E, SALEM, VI'tilN4. jext session begins Septeilber 5, 1877. Iol -legate, elective and preparatory cour-es. I'n surpassed location. -ountain climate. Moral coinmunity. F1ve churchtes in towi. Moderae .expense.s: from $10 to $2-o for 9X mion1ith, in 4luding tuition, board, etc., etc. Stulients fron fitteen :StAs, India 'erritory, tqil Njexico. Twenty tudents from West, Viginlia. For Catalogues, etc., addres. SECIEI'ARY OF FACULTY. A GREATOFFE th'-A MI1 times dNjPo)je of 100 P111%lo. jV ()rgajjs, jjew at d second-hanI of 11rst_(asjs iikalrsr 1ncludinig WATECS' at lowest,pPices for eash or Install mn441t..nrto letuntil IlId for than ever before offered. WATEIS, irand square and upy right lIanos flt Orplans (1poluding tieir tiew Souvenir .111i t%gi'ii-l) ire the bst made. T ,Ortave PIlanos i150. 7do,$iGi not used a year. "2'' 04,1 Organs $5 . 4 Stops $5,. 7 stoplsi $Cs. 8 St,as 75. 1i stop. $8. 12 Stops $10(i !ash, not, 1iised a year, in perfect, order and warranid. T.ocal and traveling agents waitted. 11uistr-tsu Catalogues M ailed. A libera. Wcount to reach ers. Ministers, Churches, c. Sheet music at. half price. HonAcH WATItS & SONS, Man1fn1 - turers and deatlers, 4d Eist 14th St., CniC( 84m NOW Xjrk. rNTIJON D A NN E NBE R G XVJLL RECEILVE TH~IS WEEK ~AN ENTIRELY NE~W TOCK OF FALL AN.D WINTER CALICOES, ILACHING, #EA1' ISLAND, DRILLING, , F.JANNELS, I0-4 NHERTING. NEW GOODS, NEMY PRICES, AT :aug [4 TOOTI4 )ItWSM E, orted to orde. For sale at the Drug Itore of dly 26 DR. W. E. AI.KEN. NOTICEJ --0 intend to gradually eba, , our Stock to Grocerie, luavy D)y itds, Boots. b1hous, ;ld1 all goodls iecded o.:1 plantations. We (herefore offer all hw?cy goods, such AS Edgings, Voilings, .i)bbou, Jaconet and Swis, A lpac.:at, Fil.( Gloves, Collar , ttys, Srfs, nd all other gouds of th-is charac ter at and BELOW OST. .f you want any kii of Faney Notions, give a call. The price shall suit you for the -CASH. LADI)) BROS. june 19 .IEEPS const.wVy .or..hand a full sup.. ,pyof ()hoice FAMILY GROCERIES and PLANTEA'r'ION SUPrPLIES. His stock haa recently been replen-ished, and ho is nowv ready to supp)ly the wants of all. oct12 WATERS~' ORCHESTION aimes OROAW .stlean pe fctin to * ~ no ever n,aade. It hats thecol ebrated Concr to stop, wvhich, es a flino * ~isultiation, of/ the Ilumaini - Voice, andl two anid n *haif Octaves of beflls .tuned in-perftbet hars I,nomy with the reeds, and theIreiflbet is mug. * l" eat and elecriying. CONCERITEO, VESJ'. ERl,CEtNTENNIAL1 CIuIES, (OllAPEL, and COTTAOJE ORGfANS, in Unique Frenchm On sees consbineo PUIJTY o/VOICIN(a teith greatl vohnanmo qf tone suitablo for Parlor or C.hurchi. WATERS" PlAN 68, ?"m ARE i TIlHE.BEST ' DIAD)E; the Tonme,Toneh, W~orkiaanship, and Du,rability Unaurp'assged. WVarranted for MIX YEARIM. PIE Eu~suxT'fitBMIELY LOWfor enmb.NMonse thty Inst alntcents rcesved. instrnsmaets to let urnti paid for as per contract. A Liberal isconut to 'llmher.Mi nisters,Churchee,Schos, etc. AGNES WA NTEDB. SpeciaIlinnecoanns to the trade.iillustrated tintalognae, Miled. Mecond-hnnd Inntrnsunents at (IREAT BAUm (3AINiA.. IHORACEt WATERlS & lSONS, DlInnfneturera. and Dealers, * $OLEAST 14tha tT.,UNION4 SQUA R E,N.Y. ,DUE WIST FEMALE COLL EGE. N-' EXT cllogo year opons October lut. .LNIaoulty .pamo as last year-full. leirst-class tonohors of mnuglo,d(1rawing, and painti,ng. Locntion retired and heal thy. '5uitiian .and .board, i.noluding fuel and .wnehing, for oollego year, $ h77. Extras a~ reesoale rates. For circular send to J. I. BONNERI, rsident, AcouAr 1st,-1877. .Dad West, S. 9. ang 2il-xw JUST RECEIVED, One var load seed Potatoes, S " '.' Oats. =AL,0 A full fle of Plantation Hard war.) colsisting of f-ay I1o41, Plow Sit.1 , 1Plows, flow Mouildf, NCpadles, T1races, HLans ' ,lvices, IlIieC14, Heel Screws &c& Which will be gold llV for -, CASH. I k<s-p tonstautily on hand a full supply of PLANTA'.TiON and FANILY ,CA ]El- O> C 3EZ .E:L 3: 'E3 .-; I luve on hand several brands of Jirst class FERTILIZE1S wNhich I ;tVn prepnred to :ell for Cash or on tinJ4i with well approved a eurities on a money basi4, or with a cotton option if parties desire. All parties in want of Fortilizers will do wol, to call on mc bforo purchasing. FPm EXADER. feb 20 N~TEW Q-OIm NEW 000PDS 1! E havo just received a rtock of PRING AND SUIER prits of the best brands at 8A cents. 4--4 Cambrics at 1U cents. Cipitennial Stripgs at 12. cents. A full Stock of Shirtings, Sheetings and Driing at low Jiguires. CLOTHIN G ! CLOTI1NG ! We have j nst received a largo epd en mn plete stockJ of Spring anud Sinumer Cl.otiu thing which weo will sell as cheap as any (JATUS! HATS ! HATS !! Genits' and Y'ouths' Felt and Straw Hasts of all kinds andl at ainy price. CASSIMERES! (IASSIMERES I Wet have just received a full stock of Cassi.. miieras fromi the Chark, I esvill Ic illy. --ALSO - Tweeds, Cottonades, Jean s, etc. ,J. F. MYcMVaster & Co. Best is VOheapest NEW WIILLCOX & GlUBS AUTOMATIC Silent Sewing Machine, Latest Invent ion, Producing Marvoloun Renults. 1ts surpassing merit places It beyond all cont petition, and makes t, t,bo clien st-, noi with standhing thme large Induceanmn Offered by 5seer or noisy, hard-running, I roublesome, twq. thread, tension machines. Only Machine in tlle World wit., A xitomatic Featur ies, and wvith no Tonsin to . Malaige. Write by Pgatal Card for Price IsIt, List ,of O leen, &c. WiI LV OX & G [BB S 8.i CO. (Cor. Bnnr .) 66 aBrad.eway, N. FLOCKS AND IIERDS. T'IIiPRIt X.lPO T.ClIO 0 ''., Ani Essay RHead l3oforo thooSummor M n t St:tto Grango by Gen oral John Bratton. j*o.N,1*"u 1 I.,iom Oru J..%s-r Issuv.) Agriculture, whoso birth and growth in tho countrios of its nativity, by slow and uncertain, gradukal and tedious steps, achieved the destruction of barbarisin and nolrisied the devolopemIllent of civil izatioll, hLre moved with tho vigor., onls strido of couqluest, accomplish, ing more by conquest in decades than by growth and development ii4 centuries. What you would have to traverse ages to finld in England, for istance, you (n see with your own eyes in this country by travers ing HsICL. Th10 traveler, starting from our frontier, tho border lino between barbaiin and civilizatioi, and ilovilg oil anlty line of latitude to the Atlantic coast, can traco all of the stages of agriculture, from that of "hfrds and flocks" to that of fields worn and cxhausted by tillage. TVo trace thent ii. the imother coun try. it would be liccessary to mako fi passagve of cent aries, at least -wo tih time of the Roman con quest, whenl the principal f >od of the natives was milk id beef, to li le mre10r th-an1 Ia Centitury Igo. There, where agriculture was born and absorbed babaarisnm by growth iid developament. its lt:ige; aro marked by periods of ages. Hlere. where it spread by conquest, its stages are marked by territory. Our country preswits, as it were, a grand panloramiic . view of the ProgreTs of apges ill Englatnd. But in all cases, whether the advance is cirected by al.s )rption or conquest. anld measu1811red by 1ges Qr by territo ry, we find "herds and flocks" ever on the frontier, on the border lino between balrb-hari sml and civilizalion, and Canl justly clim for themici that positioll inl agriculu 11r whichagr culture itself occupies in civilization -that of thu piower force. -fords amd flocks are, therefore, tle pioneers of civilizAtionl itself, .lether moving with tie strido of kconqust on its ."grai adarch west - ward," or slo\wIy progrcssing in developlnll t froil it% very birth. Indeed, it liay be claiied that civilization was born in the crude home of le ilhordsmaln's blut and nursed ill its infancy by "hords and flocks." Thus, in IlI ('ountriCS, the last stage of agriciltuire as yet con - sidered, which wo Will call tho stage of "exhaustion," has b.en reached I'my 'ubstantially the sluro procoss. 'fiieir natural agrmicultural renourcs were relied ulponl, and dlrawnI upon,1 not oniy for tihe lmintenanlco of all of their interestu anud institutionm, of conunollrcC and1 mnufactuires, of science andl art and genieral educa, tion, of government, but. to a great extent, for the means to build these grand structures, these impregnable fortresses of civilization. Indeed, it seems that tilt necessi ties of this contest w1ithl barbar'ismn -have (over required, and will over, reqir, hesacrifice of tile nalturalu roucsof land ; and( hlenco it is,< that the complete success and firm establisiunent of civilization is< always attended withl this "stage of I exhaiustioni," and thus it is, that i aivilization is compileilled, at almosnQt time threshold of hecr und1(isputed3 reign, to nmeet tile all hniportan'tt qulestion of the restorationi of an I en feeblo.d agriculture. All of iher resources, material anid moratl, (in tile normal course anid1 pro~gress8 of aigricuilture,) .aroe broughlt to bear upon01 it. Science in all1 of its b)ranchesI is empl1loyed to investigate camn 0s atd 1111,l rpnz0 dies. Co)Immelrce, with aJj its facil ities, eagerly pr~ouros imaterial. Maniufacture taxes her skill to pro Ivido atpplianlces anmd ionlvenUicesH.] And the ighesIt scienIco and1( art of gover111not foster and etncourago evpry ecoT.i 'Tho investti6ations of scientfitic mn rQsulltl inl the die covery not only of the olements ex~ tracted from tile soil by crops, but tile meanms of suppilying thecm; in their atbilUy to take an utterly barren soil, calcined sand for in stanco, incapable of an3y vegetation whatover, and suipply avit,h exact. ness, b)oth as to .quality and quampti. ty, the cloent~s neceary o the1 vigorous growth and full develop9a men~nt of any given plant. It seemnedl that the (luestion was solved. "Feed tho-crops" was, t4o' Volintion. Tilligo was greatly Htimulatud and coiltinued with renewed enorgy. Connnerve and scioneo joined forces U'd-O rnsIcked tho,,WoId for sub, italces from lwhich tho desired L)lunements coul obtained, and reat factories wqrg qeOd fogthq iiianipulation and, p utio of p)blnt food. lit tihe new ide:i, "fMod the erops," failed to accomplish the preat object, tle rostdi'di of a :'rippled agriculture, to, a self iustaining fullness of- vigor and iealth. The failuro canuot be at. [I-biuted to any vant of souildnos? n the principlo, bi1nu&'bo' no -ounted for by the Asiatem nderl which it was applied. The old sys Lem vhich antagonizes tho two Preat mteurests, "hurds and flocks" Dn the one hand, and tillago on the other, coutied the applioatiiQ4 ;of thw new idea to tillage; Vhich in turn was confined almost exclusivc ly to market crops. Thy crOp? were greatly increased, but after the cost of productiol wai aJid, little or no profit was left, either in (ash or the periaianet im*provolont of ]mimI. The "new idea," applied 1mndler the old methods, is too cost. Iy. at it is necessary to abandon those mehods and find some miore !coiomical Imlodo of aijkyi,' this prineiple, the soundness of which is beyoid question. AIforts in this lirectioni resulted in inding a' pay, img :nd eConom1i(al way, and that way is through "herds and flocks;" resulted in the development 'of 0, system which l;rings up tld "-pionleer foree," "herds and flock," to the rolief and rescue of anl Ck ImudMed petishin.iig tillage, and ' by harmon) 4mizing these 1.wo great intor-, -sts and adj1usting th1eu inl positions Sf mutual support, rostore to agri ultuirc that self-sustaining power it) nlCec8sary to pyrilauentn pros perity and progress. That systemii is based on tho noNy idea "feed the erops," and accoml plishes thle economical application. > it by sinply ,tilaging h -har. lcter of tlhe Crpp# fed, and in1 Porporiatinlg "hor, p '1Jlooks." At an early stage of 0h,o iivostiga. Lionls by scieifie men, the fact' ,'Waq liscovore that plauLs "I1 td'eth6ii' "afviest drafts on tei ori of lhe soil \Yhil9 for'iving th6ir4 soo [lo cncentrated marl-t 'i'p 4. 11 omi their seeds o .i-o y tre harvest.ed, and 'are great jx. musters of tho soil. 1 ,vh0re ithe systeii we ; a now being operated, thq1p eropi te called white cropi. .h .o, 9:op hat arq borvested before tho fqrma-, ion of their sezdo arebloss exh.ausk 1101, and aro called groopl, crops.). W hite or market, crops aro, pIyt e )bject of tillago. Th geop crop# tre too 11 ulkjy and often tgo?, h l. )lo to boar o imrWo md it was nocossiqy, )Oforo going Vto tleir culture x6nsively to find momi way of profitab.ly. disposing of hom. ".Hferds and Aoch-&!' provide hat waly. T1he operation 'of tho sys cm is this-ouqcafrjo rnn fed to t~h groop crp,to be inl o prent plnt!foondftmai'ot ~ropsa. The miore.groqn -ort;W au4o ed the greater the ,,uxe@asp a mprl)ovemnent. of hiordy n,nd Algokg, ,ho riiere 'plant fo'64 toFinrmak6 rFop). (Capital1can be :abountuIatd in the, inoCrO;1typ ogA iupr9eIupou . f mord s midy flodks, au d inl casfi pro-. :eede fro'm jal.b' of fiej th' i tabf'o prodnets ; frowi th6einerea4ed vtldio >f ayarkot crops--a~bo,iet h.htee of ni the increased fert i,y f ,so Jnmler this eyAtom, lf6Qt'rm 'c~ r -iod out, 'contmnh' "ii hi andls suippor t colt hinually dInoroeas nig and imp~roving,on}dspja 1.gJchi mud p,rgshucey contip,ty ig'p iro[pg. TInls 1i, seoms '1di, i hp mid floe.," tho pioboot cl* ' f't'i hi tiro, is stoi'ed up alsh! threM'edek'v% ore3 whih ga be H'Wni5Q&S.t.ht 'chief in the hour o, lis1g- 1ad ~ irly handled, unfply t6?iat selftauk nainin)g str'vngt,h sogga[ssag;$~ tl9 orl)otity4 of grgy u ygo~ ~r(usivo agricilt tire. -My dfVort had book't? nt tott } thb ,ositioni in 'geuneraltai Iatbithropar no, wvith the,y,ioew qf glie,itiljgfog ' hat intorost and consirtoration whih ti iiiportance and our sitiuatio4; No' nand. No close sdyn W6roquiri 1o convince, ne thait;.oge:u.we eached iorrpjal lifoe pf agrmictu ih~) beeon t'ardt^o IIhf /' it, the ivorn aikl\d a elgans