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6 POSTAL EVOLUTION. 6TOKY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MAIL SERVICE. Crnde Methods of Early Ages—Biblical References to the Post—Beginning of What lilts Become an Almost Perfect and a Cheap System. It scrnii almost incredible, in view of ibe wonderful labyrinth of postal routes all over the world today, that there ever could have been a time when there were no postoffiees, uo letter carrier, no mail facilities at all. But, ot course, there had to bo soma means ol communication oven in the earliest though these were confined for centuries to emperors and kings and other great rulers. The emperors of Egypt, <»f Persia, of Assyria and of Rome held many lesser kings and satraps as their vassals. With those it was nec- aasi.ry to communicate with certainty and regularity, and therefore couriers were employ >d to curry dispatches and reports to and from the more distant provinces. Of course no one man or one horso could traverse the whole route, so sta- tious were established along the roads at certain intervals, where couriers were always iu readiness to relieve weary brothers, ami carry on the dispatches with uniform speed. Those stations were called “posts,” from tho Latin word positum—fixed or placed—whence conies the name of our modern postal •ystem. In tho Old Testament are frequent references to the posts. In II Chronicles you will find, “So the posts went with tho letters,” and “So tho posts passed from city to city. ” In Esther also and in Job and Jeremiah you will find other allusions to the posts. But they were never for tho use of the common people. The Homan Emperor Augustus was the first to establish a system of posts aaggostivo of tho present system. You have heard the saying, “All roads lead to Romo. ” This was the origin of it: From Romo as a center post roads were built, called “royal highways, ” extend ing all over Europe, After the decline of tho Roman empire these post roads wero abandoned by degrees, and during the dark ages they almost entirely dis appeared. In the thirteenth and fourteenth cen turies, however, their need began to bo so strongly felt that posts between dif ferent parts of the same country wore established, and soon these wore exte nd ed into other countries. These posts wero carried first by foot runners and then a little later by men on horseback. It was not long, though, before the post privilege was extended, and it was found impossible for horseback riders to carry the increasing mail, so wheeled conveyances wero provided, and tho next step was for these conveyances to carry passengers as well as the mail. And thus from the post was evolved tho mail coach. What this meant to our hitherto shut in ancestors it is hard for us of the i resent day to realize even faintly. But it is safe to say that tho evolution of the public post and tho mail coach did more thau any other ono thing to hasten civilization. la the reign of the Emperor Freder ick III, Francis von Laxis, whose grand father is said to have established a post al service across the Tyrol and * Styria, entered tho service of the house of Haps- fcurg and became the founder of tho modem postal system. Through Von Laxis the emperor established regular posts throughout his kingdom between tho years 1440 and 1498, and at tho be ginning of the sixteenth century tho Austrian post became tho international post of the Hapsburg dynasty. In France the University of Paris or ganized a postal service in the thirteenth century which flourished until 1719. In some parts of Europe t here were brother hoods and mercantile guilds which es tablished posts and poslolfices subject to the government. In England, in 1G33, Rowland Hill started a private post, but Cromwell’s heavy hand came down on the enter prise, and tho men who carried tho let ters wore trampled down and killed by his soldiers. Later on Mr. Hill came to tho front again, instituted many re forms iu the service, and at last gave to England a real and effective postal serv ice. Louis XI of France founded a postal system in 1404, which was greatly im proved by Charles IX iu 1505. But it was not alone tho Christian nations that felt tho need of a postal service. When tho Spaniards invaded South America, tley found a regular system of posts in operation, so that the news of their landing was carried to the iuca with incredible swiftness, tho post men being runners, who carried around their waists knotted cords, a code of sig nals or sign writing. Coming down to our own country, aappose we take a peep at the mail methods in vogue in its earlier days. Let us take us a tyjie tho postal service between Boston and New York, where, in 1702, a post was established “to goo monthly.” Post riders, starting at the same hour from eaeli end of the route, carried tho mails. Leaving ou Monday morning, they met ami exchanged hags St Saybrook, Conn., cm tho following Saturday. Then each man returned to his starting point, which, of course, took nearly another week. It was Benjamin Franklin that, in 1775, suggested tho plan for a postal service ou which onr present system is founded. In the early days of this sys tem rate's were charged that seem out rageous to us of tho present day—be tween Boston and New York, 1K*^ cents, and 25 cents for points beyond. Of course this led to swindling the gov ernment and the smuggling of lectern. Private parties carried until secretly at lower rates, and in 1S39 Hiumk ti a ex press entered the fleld, carrying letters concealed iu bundles and other packages at less than legal rates. But ns soon as the government low ered its charge* all these smugglrrs dropped out of the ruro. There was no juouey in it then.—Philadelphia Times. THE'LEDGER: GAFFNEY,JS. C., AUGUST 27, 1890. FIGHTING BABOONS. Match Like Soldier* and Are Rrate When Attacked. The reports of explorers who have re cently journeyed through Africa confirm in a large measure the stones of sagacity and organized movements among the baboons of the country that used to be regarded as exaggerations, to say the least. On authority that can now hard ly be questioned it would seem that tho African baboons organize t h*ir defensi ve and other movements with an intelli gence scarcely inferior to that shown by a number of savage tribes of human beings. The baboon is a slow’ moving animal, witli little of the agility found among mflst of tho monkey tribes, but never the less is comparatively safe from the usual dangers which menace him as long as he stays among the rocks and woods. But it is his habit to spend much time in the open coui£y, and upon these excursions his sa.lfr.'ity in organizing for a combined defense is chiefly shown. They have been known to attack tho natives when in small numbers, but their natural enemies when thus exposed are the leopard, the lion and in youth Africa tho Cape wild dogs. To tho attack of the leopard they oppose numbers and discipline. No en counter between the baboons and wild dogs has been witnessed and described, but their defensive operations against domesticated dogs were seen and record ed by the German naturalist Brehm. On ono occasion, ho says, the baboons were on flat ground, crossing a valley, when his dogs, Arab greyhounds, accus tomed to fight successfully with hyenas and other beasts of prey, rushed toward tlie baboons. Only the females took to. flight. Tho males, on the contrary, turned to face tho dogs, growled, boat tho ground with their hands, opined their mouths wide and showed their glittering teeth and looked at th^ir ad versaries so furiously and maliciously that tho hounds, usually bold and battle hardened, shrank back. By tho time the dogs wore encouraged to renew tho attack the whole herd had made their way, covered by the rear guard, toriie rocks, except n G-iuouths- old monkey, which was left behind. The little monkey sat on a low rock, surrounded by the dogs, but was rescued by an old baboon, who stepped down from the cliff near, advanced toward the dogs, kept them in chock by gestures and menacing sounds, picked up the baby monkey and carried it to tho cliff, where the dense crowd of monkeys, shouting their battlecry, .were watching his heroism. The march of the baboons is not a mere expedition of the predatory members of tho community. The whole nation “treck” together and make, war on tho cultivated ground in common. Their communities an* numerous enough to reproduce iu miniature tho move ments of troops. The tribe often uuuH bers from 250 to 800 individuals. - Of these the females and young arc placed in the center when on the march, while the old mules march in front and close th» rear. Other males scout upon the •unks. It has been noticed that thesq remain on guard and do not feed dur ing tho whole time that tho rest .‘ire. gathering provender. . If disturbed by men, tho old males form a roar guard and retire without any haste, allowing tho females and young to go ahead, carrying tho plun der. Their retreat is, us u rule, deliber ate and orderly, the baboons being quite ready to do battle with any animal on tho plain, and instantly becoming the assailant of man himself when they get the advantage of position. Brehm was stoned out of a pass in a few minutes by tho dog faced baboons. “These self reliant animals,” he writes, “are a match even for men. While the scream ing females with young ones fled with all haste over the crest of tho rock be yond the range of our guns, the adult males, casting furious glances, beating the ground with their hands, sprang upon stones and lodges, looked down on the valjey for a few moments, continu- ' ally growling, snarjing and screaming, ; and then began to roll down stones on | us with so much vigor pmj adroitness j that wo immediately saw that our lives were iu danger and took io flight. The i clever animals not only couflm'te^l their defense ou a definite plan, but they acted in co-operation, striving for a common end, and exerting all their united strength to obtain it”—San Francisco Examiner. Th« First Armored Ship. According to the best authorities ou curiosities of the navy and warfare in general, tho first armored vessel was launched in tho year 1530. It was on« of the fleet manned by the Knights of St. John and was entirely covered with sheets of lead. Tho accounts of the times leave us in darkness us to the thickness of this lead armor, but they are very positive in tho statement that they were of' sufficient strength to “successfully resist all the shotsof that day.” At tho Hiejjt of Gibraltar in 1782 tho French and Spaniards used war vessels which ] wero armored with "light iron boom- proofing over their decks ipid to the water’s edge.” The very first practical use of wrought iron plates us a defense for tho sides of vessels was by tho French in tho Crimean war in 1858.— St. Louis Republic. A Ihtjr'N Bicycle Lawn Mower. I never walk about in the town with out being impressed with the ingenuity ! of the sniall boy. A few afternoons ago l was passing a house out on the mud to the Holdiers’ home. It was rather a liundsnmo house, with a wide sweep of velvety lawn, windingly iiiUtsecb’d by a cement driveway. A ls»y of alsmt 11 was cutting the narrow fringe of glass Im side the driveway. He v. us mounted on a bicycle, and us h** rode lie pushed the lawn mower along U side him. f)l course it was much hard* r work than walking with the grass cutter would have been and n deal Blower in tho do ing, but no real live boy is ever going to let such trifling eoiisiderstioiis as those have weight with him.—Wash- iugtou East CLEVER JOE STORMS. AWtatricmtod Slntipn Who Will Do Talking When lie’s a Bit Older. the Storms has returned to this city foil of' hard - boiled eggs and bright prospects. It is just ono year since San Francisco was honored by a visit from Mr. Storms, and he comes back to us much improved mentally, socially and physically. He is now connected with a sort of pork and bean menagerie and will probably remain for an indefinite period, as Joseph lias not been long enough in tho show business to know how to walk tho tics. J. Storms is a 4-year-old crang outaug who landed here from tho orient on the stmimer Coptic last July in charge of his guardian, Captain Htorms of Taco ma The sailor commanded a bark ply ing between the islands of Borneo and Sumatra, and Joe was captured during a trip to the former place. He received nice personal notices iu the papers while passing through this port ou his way to Tacoma to be educated. The beast graduated with honor ami is now famous throughout tho country as the most learned ornng outang alive. Hi" picture has been in the magazines. The smart simian shivered and shnd- dm‘d in a box on the Oregon dock yes terday morning, having arrived from Portland by steamer tho previous even ing. He is in doubtful company, having associated with two stuffed deer, one mangy emu and a skunk chIIisI Trilby. However, Joe is all right himself and has learned many things in college at Tacoma that may prove useful to him in years to come if he lives. One of his aqomplishinents is to wear Tlothes just like u man who has clothes. At night ho takes thorn off, placing tho trousers between tho mattresses to pro- -servo tho crease affected by those who 'know the correct thing in dress. Joe also smokes cigarettes, but does not in hale. Be it said to his credit that Mr Storms prefers a pipe if he can get it. Those who saw Joe on his first visit will bo pained to note that ho now has •a bicycle face. Ho learned to ride tho bike and has joined several century runs in •the northwest While biking the ornng outang wears an appropriate cos tume, includiug golf socks and a striped •cap. Once he was arrested in Portland for scorching, but was allowed to go with a reprimand from tho judge, who said ho would allow no morosuch mon key business. Other clever tricks ore writing to his girl in a line Italian hand, drinking from a bottle and replacing tho cork, leading Friday night cotillons and car rying the hod. Joe's owner says that ho can do every thing but talk. Tho only roasisi ho does not is because of his extreme youth. Ho 'f has a tongue, tooth and palate and could speak if he had anything to say. He is pleased with our climate. The scholar has gained in flesh since his last f visit, and his dark brown brow is “sicklied o’er with tho pale cast of thought, ” Ho is slightly bald, too, from wearing his cap in tho house and devot ing too much time to study, but his e meriti health is good.—San Frunoisco xaminer. Preparing For the Paris Fair. Eyery European power having offi- . cially promised to Ik* represented at tho exhibition of 1900, tho period of active preparation may bo said to have begun. That which chiefly occupies public at tention in Paris just now is tho coinpo- tition for tho designs of tho two build ings intended to replace tho Palais do ITudustric. Tho public will bo admitted to see those, and tho verdict of tho jury may bo expected sikui. The two “palaces” will be on the right and left of the road from the Champs Elysecs to the new Invulides bridge over tho Seine. They will be utilized during the run of the exhibition as art galleries and afterward for the purposes of annual salons, horse shows and other fetes or exhibitions now held iu the Palais do 1’Industrie. The GO designs are worthy of minute inspection. Unfortunately tjjo fault of b(ing purely monumental, with only secondary attention to the iMail of edi fices intended for tens of thousands of daily visitors, underlies each design. The choice of the jury will probably be made among tho following: M. Girault has in the main followed (he original design of tho Palais d« I’industric, with great improvements in view of tho galon and Coueours llip- piquo. M. Esquio has, on tho other hand, taken the central cupola of the Champ do Mars us his starting point. MM. Deglauo and Binet include a tri umphal gvenuo of statuary in their plan, which is more grandiose than practical. MM. Mowos, Gautier and HormantV designs are full of beauty and rather startling originality. Prizes of from 4,000 to 15,000 francs will be awarded to tho five most successful competitors. —Paris Letter iu Loudon Chronicle. Ho Love For tho Yaukeea. Strangers often wonder at tho fever of excitement into which tho majority of Canadians s'ill work themselves at any mention of fusion with the United States. It seems almost illogical that people should be unable calmly to dis cuss the possibility of an alliance with neighbors who iu everything but tho most trifling details arc ono with them selves. Probably not ono Cuimdiun hi t«n has any of tho old loyalist bltxxi in his veins, nor for that mutter has any larger proi»ortion of tho omoons of tho Uuiiid Htutis a claim to Revolutionary descent. But us tho old antagonism to England on the one side of the lino is adopted by flu* song apd grandsons of emigrants, so <qmi; , the other J be old United Empire fel ling util) in a great measure influ en< es public opinion. There is this curi um difference, however, that while it is among the old and genuinely American population that the greatest friendliness Iu England will Is* found today, in Canmla there are, on tho other hand, no such outK|M>keii haters, in a political sense, of the United tit at OB ns the de l'd mlants of the old loyalist settlers.— Macmillan's Maguziim. ELECTRICITY AND WAR. T* T«l«Bvaph ■* an Agency la Pronerv- Ing Peace. In tho course i f his farewell speech at £c dinner of tho British chamber of cortimerco in Paris Lord Duffcrin, the retiring British embassador, said: “But whatever may bo the ups and downs of tho diplomatic career, every mom her of the service, no matter how unpromising tho post ho occupies, may console himself with the reflection that, If ho is industrious, prudent, and, above all, single minded, the bread ho casts upon the waters will not be lost, and that, perhaps, when he least expects it, hia day will dawn, for, though, like ev erything else, the outward aspects of diplomacy have changed since the be ginning of the century, never have tho nations kIckm! in greater need of the thing itself than at the present moment. What do we see aioniid us? Tho whole of Europe is little better than u standing .cirmp numbering millions of armed men, while a fooublo row of frowning and opposing fortresses bristles along every frontier. Our harbors arc stuffed, and the seas swarm with ironclad navies, to whose numbers, I am forced to ad mit, England has been obliged, in self defense, to add her modest quota. Even in the remotest east tho passion for mil itary expansion has displayed an unex pected development. “In fact, thanks to the telegraph, tho globe itself has become a mere bundle of nerves, and tho slightest disturbance at any one point < f (lie system sends a portentious tremor through its morbidly sensitive surface. We are told by tho poets of old that when Zeus mxldMl the golden halls of his Olympus shook to their foundations. Today it would suf fice for any one of half a dozen august personages to speak above bis breath or unwittingly to raise his little finger, nud, like iu a heaven overcharged with electricity, the existing conditions of unstable equilibrium which sustains tho European political system would bo up- swt, and war, waged iu circumstances of greater horror than lias been hitherto known to tho experience of mankind, might eventually envelop not Europe alone, but two—nay, all the four—con tinents at once, since iu every one of them representatives and offshoots of the contending nations would of neces sity be brought into collision. “It is to prevent catastrophes of this kind that we meek, civil spoken and mild mannered persons have been In vented. Looking at us, you will porha • say that wo ajo a poor and feeble foi ami that our calling is a sorry preserva tive against such dangers; but, such as it is, it is the best device that hum..n ingenuity lias been able to discover. After all, a very tjiin wire proves a per fectly effective lightningeonfluctor, and for over 80 years, thunks t‘> this unpriv tending agency, an unbroken peace has been maintained between your native land and the country with whose prosr perity and welfare your own interests arc so closely associated, ” 1 Unhappy Austria, The cruel humiliation Austria suf fered in Italy was followed by the crush ing blow at tiadowa and the not less painful collapse of a brother’s ambitions in Mexico, If the dignity of a Ctcsur was to be saved for the llapsburgs out of the wreck, it seemed most likilyto be achieved on tho lines suggested by Count Beust, Tho choice once made, it was impossible to turn back, What is given as a boon to distressed nationali ties in the name of progress cannot aft erward bo withdrawn on the plea of prudence. Tho result is pathetic, but there is uo help for it. We see Croats, Ruthcnians, Poles, Servians, Wallachs and tho rest of tho half barbarous hordes cutting one an other’s throats when they are not com bining to insult the civilized Hungari ans and Germans, whose* fato it is to lie their neighbors. We see Vienna itself in the hands of a fanatical anti-Semitic rabble, and wo sec the power of the only capable parliamentary party in Austria broken by hopeless dissensions. Truly tho domestic state of the empire is nothing less than pitiable. Its influence in Europe is also u tiling of tho past. The Balkan states, which were its props in tho south, have publicly gone over to Russia, and its solitary remaining pro tection against dismemberment is the alliance with Italy, which covets Dufi matin, and with Germany, which if moving heaven and earth to establish seen t relations with Russia.—Saturday Review. Matrimony and Patience. Matrimony and patience 1 It is not al ways a perfect combination, is it? In South Africa jfye savage tribe* have u peculiar oeremony which they put the matrimonial candidate through previous to his entering the holy state. His hands uro tied up in a bag contain ing five uuts for two hours. If ho bcarf unmoved the tortures of their stings he is considered qualified (o cope witli the nagging tuul daily jar and fret of mar ried life. Such a man would make up admirable husband. Ho would not be upset by the thoughts of a spring bon net or grow irritable every time the steak was overdone. Tho idea of having a patience trial for those about to mar 17 is one that civilized people might adopt. Two Archbishop*. * The archbishop of Canterbury il primate of all England, and therefore takes pieei-deuce of the archbishop of York, who is only “primate of Eng land.” This very nice distinction was made several centuries ago on account of a very bitter dispute arising lietivoon the two functionaries as to which should precede the other. The matter was set tled by conferring precedence upon tho archbishop of Ganterlmry, the two title* being alee I jstmvod at the uamo time. Ki«lr. Talk at the Wedding. “What, s.>rt of a girl is she?” “tiho is a miss with a mission.” “Ah!” “And her mission is seeking 11 maty with 11 mansion. ” “Uhl”—Harlem Life. FIRST TIRE WAS A GARDEN HOSE. KtUM Obm (looted Have Achieved Fortue and Fame. In 1889 n Belfast doctor—a veteri nary surgeon, iu fact, named Dunlop— haring a regard for tho spinal column of his eldest boy, conceived the idea of taking a piece of garden hose, wrapping it around tho wheel of his sou’s bicycle, welding tho two cuds together with melted rubber, and thus forming the first, pneumatic tire. This gave a cush ion to the periphery of the bicycle and inode its mounting of obstacles easy and cushionlike. Dunlop had a friend in tho person of a well to do Irishman named Harvey DuCros, who abandoned the business he was engaged in and risked his wealth iu the formation of a com pany that had fer its object Sexploita tion ofn pneumatic tiro for the bicycle. It was capitalized at $100,000, and 15 mouths later—that was in the early part of 1801—fit declared a dividend of 10 per cent, or $10,000 in all, and added $1,000,000 to its surplus fund. Two years later that same ci inpany declared a dividend of $2,500,000. One year ago the rights of that organization wero sold to 11 British syndicate for $15,- 000,000, and the purchasing party capi- (aimed tho company at $20,000,000 and openly axkca for subscriptions to that amount, Tho proffers wero nearly three times the amount of the capital stock. In Bel fast, at one bank alone where books y.tii' opeuid, $1,000,000 was subscribed in less than three Hours. M< anwhilo those who had control of this valuable patent had not thought of America. A prominent uianufaetarcr, when spoken to on the subject, raid: “Oil, Unit pneumatic tire business is all nonsense. You will run over a sharp stone or a tack end tho r.ir will escape, and then you will walk back home. Tlurc is nothing in it. It will never take in this country, ” But, meanwhile, two years had elapsed nml under the patent Jaws it was too late to get an exclusive franchise in this country. The result is that today America has 110 hindering patent right stamped upon it. Any maker of a wheel can use it, but 1 Ik- owners of the British invention have deprived thomselvcs of many mil lions of good money. That this is true is demonstrated by the fact that iu the last year there have born spout in this country for bicycles alone tho enormous sum of $GG,000,Ob0.—Philadelphia Preso. Made Famous by Dreamtoc. Some of tho brightest minds have been dreamers—hut they dreamed k usi- bly. They educated themselves along tho line chosen as their life work. Dar win drained over his “Origin of Spe cies'- 20 years before it saw light. Mil- fon dreamed over hi' “Paradise Lost” frojn boyhood. Columbus was con ilemned as a soothsayer, a visionary, a qnac'r, yet nftep j5 years of fho rnielist antui.'ohism ho proved fho truth pf his dreams apd astounded th'* world- Fer dinand de Lesscps dfoamtd for 12 years of bringing Lopdoi) pearly 4,000 miles nearer India hy the je< (instruction pf fho Suez canal before fbo necessary per- mbsion granted by the khedive of Egypt. But these |m‘U dreamed with a put 1 esc, They read, urguid, studied and fought for their beliefs because they knew they were right, They knew from positive demonstration, from practical knowledge, They had weighed and an alyzed and sifted and relined until all farts and d' *u were made to converge to one common center and end them in puo grim, unwavering point. When they laid their Tiugcr on a plan they saw tho result as it would appear to tho ignorant world when finished. They did not sit for hours consuming ciga'H and staring blankly at the open sky. They worked. They bent every en ergy to one grim purpose. All their lives were devoted to tho consummation of the ono supreme wish of their lives. Tlsey gave their work, their hope, their life. From tho dim recesses of human mind, ordinarily so incomprehensible, they evolved the brightest thoughts, and followed tho birth of l ochidea with tho sacred solicitude cf a loving mother over her firstborn child.—Homo Worker. Mortality In Itio F»r North. A great many people actually lielieve that signing the roll of a vowel which is bound north on a voyage of discovery is equivalent to almost anything but death, pure and simple. That this is a gn at mistake is proven by some recent exhaustive figures ou arctic exploration iu general. From these it appears that ^ 1 97 out of each 100 Who h«ve gone north exploring have returned in safety civili/.atioa—tit. Louis Republic. A Spoiled Race. Perhaps the most curious incident, says a correspondent, ever witnessed at Ascot was during one Royal Hunt Cup race. Every ono knows how pretty thfl distant scene is as the long row of bright colored jackets comes streaming over the hill. The horses kept their level formation until nearly home, when sud denly a thunderbolt, not from tho blue, descended on them. A mounted police man oocupied a position just in tho CprifH*, ant) when tho battling steeds were nearly opposite Jiiw ho suddenly phafged them. He and his horse dashed into their very midst, scattering them to right and left, and spreading con? sterna!ion all around, Never was there such a scene! All tho likely winners wero included in tho catastrophe, and the actual winners turned up in soma outsider that escaped unscathed from the general melee. Tho unhappy police man was immediately taken into cus tody, but the investigation showed that ho was blameless. It was his horso that did it. Perhaps the animal had all along cherished tho notion ir# his breast that it had a flue turn for speed and thought that the psychological moment had nr* rivinl to prove it. But nobody hail back ed it, so that if it had won nobody would have been the richer. Accordingly tho crowd was angry and wanted tho poor Croat are turned into cat meat at once, tiuch is tho reward of trying to bo what wo aro not. BOHEMIA. I’fltralhor IIt* in Bohemia TKan in any other land.—John Boyle O'Ktll Wln-re Heth the land Bohi-mluT Im It enchanted around? Unto the plnco no iruido or tr.aco Wni e'er liy HonrchlDK found. Yet ninny wnnd<T through it In tdlndnes* or in »m oni, And Homo thero dwi 11 who iovo It well; They aro Bohemian:* l>orn. Hero iieth the land Bohemia! Htrance Halit Upon it Im-j - r, Thin Imrder land, v.ln •" i^jti retrain! Melt* in ihe M a of dii :i:in. Bull I nd us morn the real, Tho world fit Mrife i.nd din: Our kindlier fnto In here towsit Until our 8hi]».< con.< in. O’erehadowln* BoIk-i; in, rnine, like n mountain im-nd, therein a tho rkl.-K, r*dtfti ..r.r eyes from thin, tho lotos land. The Riiimnlt glean:s fn m| lendor And beckon* spirits is.'.d— Fain would we go, t. , h! v.e knot? The height* of fume ar.- < old. FTerc, roKting in Doho* la. Ik-side tho watern s. A., In meadow* green, where TTqipooreno Winds ns a little rill. We deem in pleasant jd.ws Aro cast onr lines and lives, Where grace .-uul io-art nre inure thrui art And chivalry survives. —Henry Tyrrell in New York Bun. to ENGLISH CHILDREN. The Manner In Which They Arc Allowed to Cadge 1‘or .Honey. Every American man mest remember the shock of surprise with which he first enconntr.cd in nn English novt 1 fho uotic.n of a schoolboy, a gentleman’s son, taking money as a gift from his parents’ friends and guests. Nothing could have been more foreign to tho American idea in my limo than that, and I suppose it is still the same. Neither parent:) nor boys could have submitted to tho thought without mor tification. But hero iho fvriiup, or at least the fact, is quite different. A hard Working man who livi s up to the la -t penny of a monger professional income can give u half sovereign tip to tbo schoolboy son of a fri< ml ■ r acquaint ance of his who has $20,000 a year, and the boy will pocket it, and I he father will, ut tho most, look tho other way. I used to think that this had its explana tion in the fact that parents and chil dren were not united by so dose a lx>nd here as in America, and that the father cared less than any American father would care for tho dignity and self ro sy*-ct cf his ron. On tho other hand, 1 however, it ii certain that tho English father holds himself responsible for his sou and spends money solicitously in trying to start him in life long past the stage when nn American youth would be expected to go out and shift for him self. And, indeed, tho older one gets tfco plainer it is to lx) seen that any and ev ery attempt to dogmatize about the dif ference Lx-twcen the two peoples of tho two countries must bo subjict toal| sorts of reservations and contradicting modi fications. But it is true that the English child is allowed (o cadge for money in a way which is txnknowq to the Anicrit can eliiId of tho same social grade, and that this is by no means confined to relatively pi-or ixxiple. Tbi 1 fact has al ways soemed to mo to rob tho Fuglrh child of a great deal pf (ho interest which wjth ns attaches to childhood, Not I alone find him less interesting, it is a universal judgment upon him.*-* Harold Freuerni jn New York Times, Jolly Gcncr-.l Uobvxoa, Tho Philadelphia Record r-ays: “Al though 70 years have bowed the frame and silvered the hair of General Robe- son, tbe i x-Bccretnry of the navy, it has pot dimmed the old man’s intellect or blunted his appreciation of a joke. The general, w ho was in the city recently ou legal business, told many laughable stories of tho memorable campaigns in which ho had taken part. Like fill eld people who arc fond of irminireenciug, ho is firmly of tho opinion that in his day tho women wero prettier than now, Mio men braver and brainier and thij humorists more brilliant. ‘Why,’said he, ‘do yon remember how they used to soak mo in the comic papers? They laid great stress upon tho fact that I was not a fit appointment for secretary of thii navy because I knew nothing about ship] building. One of the funniest pictures I ever saw was ou this subject. Tho capl tion of the picture was “His Film Visit,” and It represented me on thp deck of a warship peering down a hatch way. Underneath tho picture was ]* lino which quoted me as saying, “Wh^, the d d thing is hollow, ain’t it?” ’ At tho remembrance of it tlx general laughed until his Luge frame shook. ” Lonelino** of Arctir IcrflvM*. On these inland hunting trip" an oni- inous silence reigned. Wo wero tho 11 having nltomato day and night, an j the spirit of tho approaching months 1 f darkness soemed to hold the day i r thrall. The weird desolation and lone liness of tho great peukK, tho intermi nable ice raps, lustrouH and colQgygler the gray waste of cloud, the wide, stretches, thickset with irregular ders of many lines and thickly sfRiivl With white, pink, purple and yell flowers, tho absence of life, tho jvi less hush—ail these wove a web of aw about one’s mental pereoptions mode the world in which wq *4 \ seem a part of strange dreams, Wilbert titokos in Century. In iu;l Unlucky. There is an ancient jest in _ which originated with a waiter at famous Tort oni’s. A guest bud ore) a dozen of oysters. “Only ono do» asked the waiter. “Yes, that wi enough.” “You are not superstit: then,’’said tho water, with a cm smile. “Why?” “Because you arc afraid of being 13 ut a table.” Adversity has been considered as the state in which a man most easily bo nnes acquainted with himself, partfon- arly being free from tl|>taiers.—Johu- t Pou. ✓ Earls take preoed sous of duke* of the bl r»