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* * Tht Barnwell People-SentineL Barnwell 8. C. Tharadar. March 2S. 1937 News Review of Current Events the World Over President and Attorney General Defend Supreme Court Packing Plan—Open Warfare Between C. I. 0, and . A. F. of L.—Franco Threatens Madrid. By EDWARD W. PICKARD G Westers Newspaper Union. President Roosevelt II/ITH the repercussions from the PresidenVe flee tide radio address and the opening of hear* ings by the senate judiciary com mittee, the contro versy over the prop osition to enlarge the Supreme court took on renewed heat. Mr. Roose velt’s talk was s o generally heard over the radio that no ex tended report of it is needed. He made an extraordinarily bitter attack on the majority of the Su preme court that has repeatedly upset New Deal leg islation, and avowed frankly his de termination to .have a tribunal that "will not undertake to override the judgment of the congress on legisla tive policy.” If the phrase ‘‘packing the court” means that, then, said the President ‘‘I say that I and with me the vast majority of the American people favor doing just that thing— now.” “The court, in addition to the proper use of its judicial functions,” said Mr. Roosevelt, “has improper ly set itself up as a third house of the congress—a super-legislature, as one of the justices has called it— reading into the constitution words and implications, which are not there, and which were never in tended to be there. ‘‘We have, therefore, reached the point as a nation where we must take action to save the constitution from the court and the court from itself. We must find a way to take an appeal from the Supreme court to the constitution itself. We want a Supreme court which will do justice under the constitution—not over it. In our courts we want a government of laws and not of men.” Mr. Roosevelt divided the op ponents of his plan into two classes. The first, he said, includes those “who fundamentally object to social and economic legislation along mod em lines” and opposed him in the last election; and of them he spoke with supreme contempt. The second group, those “who honestly believe the amendment process is the best,” were told they could not expect faithful support from their “strange bedfellows,” and that even if an amendment were passed and rati fied. its meaning would depend on the “kind of juaticea who would be sitting on the Supreme court bench.” Attorney General Cummings ap peared before the senate judiciary committee to speak for the Presi dent’s court bill, and he used much ‘the same arguments Mr. Roosevelt had employed. Senators Borah and Burke questioned him sharply and aearchingly. but he was agile in evasion. However, he did satisfy the opposition senators by admit ting bluntly that the purpose of the measure was to change the com plexion of the court, to get men with “liberal, forward - looking views.” Senator Dieterich of Illinois sought to curb the questioning of Mr. Cum mings but was squelched by Borah. Dieterich has not committed him self on the bill but is now classed among its supporters. His candidate for the federal circuit court of ap peals in Chicago, District Judge J. Earl Major of Springfield, has just been nominated by the President. Assistant Attorney General Rob ert Jackson was the second witness heard, and the foes of the measure sought to prove, by questioning him, that there is no actual need for the judiciary bill to relieve congestion of federal dockets and therefore that the only purpose of the measure is to change the viewpoint of the high tribunal. CATISFIED with the way his ad- ^ ministrative plans are going for ward, President Roosevelt left Wash ington for a two weeks’ stay in Warm Springs, Ga. He went directly to his white cottage on Pine moun tain from which he looks down on the foundation for infantile paraly sis sufferers. It was announced that he would see few officials or other visitors there, conducting all essen tial public business by telegraph and telephone. Temporary execu tive offices were set up in Kress hall at the foundation. Before leaving Washington Mr. Roosevelt said at a press conference that he and Prime Minister W. L. Mackenzie King of Canada had dis cussed the St. Lawrence waterway treaty during King’s visit. Whether the treaty will be submitted to the senate at this session, he said, is not yet known. It was rejected a few years ago. 'T'HE Committee for Industrial Or- * ganization has declared open warfare on the American Federa tion of Labor by authorizing its ex ecutive officials to issue certificates of affiliation to national, interna tional, state, regional, city and cen tral bodies and'tor al groups «*hen- ever it is deemed. John L. Lewis says the C. I. O. haa hundreds of applications for affiliation and that he will take in any A. F. of L. unions that wish to join hia organization. At the same time half a hun dred organizers of the Ameri can Federation of Labor met with President William Green to plan means of protecting the body against the C. I. O. and to hold the ranks of the craft unions in line. They arranged for an intensive campaign to organize unions in steel to rival the C. I. O.’s Amalgamated Association of Iron, Steel, and Tin Workers; considered spreading the charge that Lewis is allied with communist interests, and the launching of plans to oiganize in the cement, aluminum, cereal, and flour mill industries. The organizers also discussed organization of gas sta tion attendants, which would over lap with Lewis’ plans to organize the petroleum industry. The Carnegie-IUinois company union, which is bitterly opposed to the C. I. O., has not yet reached an agreement on affiliation with the A. F. of L. General Electric and come of the other big concerns that yielded to a certain extent to the demands of the C. I. O. followed the example of the steel companies in asserting that they still reserved the right to deal also with other unions or groups of employees. Eight thousand employees of the Westinghouse Electric and Manu facturing company’s Pittsburgh plant demanded a 20 per cent raise in wages and it was feared they would start a strike if the demand were rejected. Because the Chrysler motor com pany refused to recognize the United Automobile Workers of America aa the sole bargaining agency for all its employees, a strike was called in all its major units in Detroit, and other plants of the company were closed because of dependence on Detroit production. More than 90,000 workers were thus thrown into idle ness. The union also called a strike at the Hudson Motor Car company be cause. they asserted, officials of the concern were stalling in negotia tions on working conditions. rj EN. FRANCISCO FRANCO, ^ leader of the Spanish Fascists, was reported to be about ready for a Anal grand assault on Madrid. He assembled a tre mendous force of tanks and artillery before Guadalajara and captured sever al towns near b y , threatening the im mediate cutting off the capital’s last road to the east. Military observers predicted that the greatest battle o f the war would soon be fought on the line between the Tajuna and Tajo rivers. Gen. Jose Miaja. loyalist com mander in the Madrid area, charged that 7,000 Italian troops were taxing part in the attack on Guadalajara. These men, he asserts, were landed in Cadiz on February 22, two days after the international neutrality committee’s ban on permitting "vol unteers” to enter Spain was de clared effective. The shelling and capture of the Spanish liner Mar Cantabrico by a rebel vessel was a spectacular event in the war. She was carrying a cargo of planes and munitions from the United States for the loyal ists and sought to evade the insurgent cruisers by taking the name of an English ship. But, ac cording to a story printed in New York, the complete plan of her movements was revealed to the agent of the rebels in that city and cabled to their headquarters in Spain. Also, according to the only member of the crew who escaped capture, the crew found the captain was pommunicating with the in- surgepts and executed him at sea. The Maf^Cantrabrico, with fire in her holds, was taken to Ferrol. It was presumed most of the Spaniards aboard were slain. pLARENCE A. DYKSTRA, city ^ manager of Cincinnati since 1930, was selected as president of the University of Wisconsin by the executive committee of the insti tution’s board of regents. If he ac cepts the place he will succeed Dr. Glenn Frank who was ousted be cause he was not satisfactory to the La Folletje regime. Dykstra (s fifty-four years old and • graduate of the University of Iowa. \A/ ITHOUT a record vote the v v house passed the new Duffey- Vinson coal bill, which takes the place of the measure knocked out by the Supreme court. It would set up government regulation of the soft coal industry through a com mission in the departmant of the interior. ill 'JJfumhd about Twilight if Knee Pants. S ANTA MONICA, CALIF. — Since our diplomatic group must shed the half-portion breeches they've been wearing at official functions abroad, that means others present will quit mistaking them for foot men and start in again mistak ing them for waiters, as for merly. But the under-rigging doesn’t make so much difference anyhow. In the best plenipo- tentiarying circles, it’s the top dressing that counts — the gold - plated cocked hat; the dr£ss coat loaded with bullion; the bosom crossed with broad ribbons; the lapels and the throat latch so deco rated with medals that, alongside one thus costumed, Sol omon in all his glory would look absolutely nude. Irvin S.Yk>bb End of the Holdont Season. TP HE baseball season couldn’t start off properly unless a cer tain catastrophe impended before hand. Every self-respecting player who made a hit last year insists on more salary for this year, else he’ll never soit in the palm of an other glove. This makes him a hold out. The manager declares the play er will take what’s offered him and not a cent more. This makes him a manager. 1 But fear not, little one. TheyTl all be in there when the governor or the mayor or somebody winds up to launch the first game and tosses the ball nearly eighteen feet in the general direction of the continent of North America. • • • Changing Style Capitals. LJ OLLYWOOD and not Paris is * * now the world center for fash ions, if you can believe Hollywood— and not Paris. At any rate, both for men and women, we do originate many style creations which, in the best movie circles, frequently make the women look mannish and the men look ef feminate, maybe that’s the desired effect; an oldtimer wouldn’t know about that. However, there’s a new hat out here for masculine wear which fas cinates me. It is a very woolly hat —a nap on it like an old family album — and the crown peaks up in a most winsome way, and there’s a rakish bunch of tail-feathers at the back which makes it look as though it might settle down any minute and start laying. I think hev got the idea for it from the duck-billed platypus. • • • Clvlltslag Ethiopia. pONQUERED Ethiopians attempt to assassinate their rew over- ord. Viceroy Graziani. Nobody is killed, but several individuals get bunged up. So the conquerors arrest all na tives of Addis Ababa in whose huts weapons are found. They round up 2,000 “susrects” out of a total popu lation of 00,000. So promptly 1,800 of these black prisoners are put to death in batches. In former days the fir ing squads would have worn them selves to a frazzle in a rush job of this sort, but no — well, who would deny that the machine gun is the crowning achievement of white culture? Poison gas is also much favored for pacifying rebel lious savages, and plane-bombing likewise has its advocates. • • • The Public’s Short Memory. A FINANCIER, whose exposed de- ** vices are as a bad smell in people’s nostrils, summarily is oust ed from his high place and the shadows swallow up his diminished shape. A little time passes, and, lo, in a new setting, he bobs up, an envied if not an exalted personage, ^o-called exclusive groups welcome him in; newspapers quote him on this and that; he basks again, like some sleek and overfed lizard, ; n the sunshine of folks’ tolerance- yes, the admiration of some. No evidence that he has repented of his former practices; no sign bf intent to repay any broken victim bf those fiduciary operations. The private fortune which he took with him when he quit is still all his. And maybe there’s the secret of this magical restoration to the fa vor of the multitude. f$VIN S. COBB. c—WNU IServic*. ' ‘ i, Budapest Catacombs The Budapest catacombs ddte back to the days when the Fort of Buda was held by the Turks, mark ing the farthest fortified advance of the forces of Islam into Christen dom. They were probably intended as avenues of escape for a belea guered garrison, butjthey also have fresh water wells in tnem, and some of the chambers were used as re positories for great numbers of hu man skulls and bones, as in the case of the catacombs at Roma. ~ Ntttonsl Tfipics Interpreted by Wdlitm Brudart NXUeaal Preae BalMlas Wauhlnstan, IX C. Washington.—It has always been •aid that politics makes strange bedfellows. Histo- Strangt ry has shown this Bedfellowu statement to be true because in every political battle one can note- unusual combinations, odd types working together, personal enemies fighting side by side—in truth, bed fellows for the time being. Never has the truth of this old adage been better demonstrated, however, than in, the current politi cal fight that was precipitated by President Roosevelt’s demand that congress pass a law which will al low the Chief Executive to add six new members to the Supreme court of the United States. The real con gressional fight on the President’s bold move has not yet gained full headway. But time enough has elapsed since Mr. Roosevelt offered his history-making demand for power to add enough judges to the Supreme court, judges of his own selection, to give him a majority, that those close to the congressional scene are now in a position to pre dict probably the most heated con troversy since the days immediately preceding the Civil war. Already, it can be stated, one can see senators and representatives who are known for their liberal views standing side by side with hard-boiled conservatives in opposi tion to the President's plan, which they describe as a move “to pack the Supreme court.” Likewise one can see conservative Democrats from the old South following Presi dent Roosevelt and joining hands secretively with the wildest radicals in the senate. One will see Demo crats and conservative Republicans in earnest conversation planning ways and means to halt the Presi dent’s drive for control of the court and at the same time one can see radical Republicans planning with Democrats in support of the pro gram—strange bedfellows, every one. While this condition is interesting, it is by far less striking as I watch the proceedings than the extreme bitterness that is now developing. While, as I said, the controversy is hardly under way. there is even now personal animosity evident in the senate to a degree that I never have seen before. I had the privi lege of observing the famous League of Nations fight at close range. There was personal bitter ness in that senate battle. Old friendshios were crushed and close relationshipe tom asunder. Yet. I think that the current controversy is likely to cause the League of Na tions bitterness to pale into insig nificance. In other words, there lies ahead for the congress a raging fire that is bound to destroy pol'tical lives and political ambitions. Which lives and which ambitions derend. I think, upon the answer which the country’s citizens give to the now direct question; Are we to have a system of courts and judges, independent and free of politics, or are we to have puppets that will do the bidding of political masters? • • • I said above that the result of the Supreme court battle in congresa will be deter- Up to th* mined by the atti- Peopl* tude of the coun try. It is vital that the citizens realize this fact. Since President Roosevelt made no men tion during the campaign for re- election in 1930 of plans to reform the Supreme court, there has been no public expression on the subject. There will not be another opportu nity for the voters to express their views until November, 1938. The only way, then, open to those who want to express an opinion for or against the court change is by send ing their views to their congress men and senators. Conversations that I have had with members of the house and the senate convinces me that the representatives and senators will appreciate word as to how their constituents feel. Further evidence of the desire of congressmen and senators to know the feelings of the voters is given in the tremendous propaganda that is going on. Friends and foes of the Supreme court reform program are on the air nightly; scarcely a day goes by that some senator and usu ally several of them and numerous congressmen participate in debate or issue statements concerning the great controversy, and from the tre mendous source of propaganda sup ply at the command of the Presi dent come countless statements and interviews and radio speeches prais ing the President’s plan. Even the President himself)has made one of his famous “fireside chats” telling why he should be given the new power. In the meantime—and some more strange bedfellows—we find the most peculiar cross currents operat ing. Among some of the religious groups, there are many who fear that the court packing plan will void constitutional guarantees of re ligious freedom. They fear even tual control of the churches by the state, having in mind, no doubt what haa happened to religious groups in Germany and Soviet Rus sia, Editorials from the Catholic press are. being circulated privately among many legislators and against these are some Protestant preach ers who take the position that the Supreme court is out of date ought to be reformed. Numerous Jewish leaders are opposing the re form but among the Jews are many who feel that President Roosevelt is right. Then there is the split among farm leaders. I refer to farm Or ganizations with national spokes men. Some are for the change arid some against it. Uppermost in the minds of all of the opponents seems to be a funda mental fear that to change the court will open the door through which dictators may walk. To il lustrate the type of statements com ing forth from observers of national reputation as regards this point, I am going to quote from a recent ex pression by the distinguished colum nist, Westbrook Pegler. Lately he wrote: “All of a, sudden, Mr. Roosevelt discovers that the Supreme court is largely senile and demands quick action on a proposal which, if adopt ed, would create an easy precedent for the most cynical packing of the' Supreme court by someone of the type of Huey Long or Warren Hard ing, Mussolini or Hitler in years to come. It might not be many years either ... All dictators pack the courts by legal means as a pre liminary to the promulgation of their dictatorial laws. After that it is comparatively easy to take over, because the courts belong to the dictator and do as he orders." There can be no question, of course, that the thing Mr. Roose velt proposes to have congress do for him is legal. Since, however, it is legal in this instance, it will be legal, of course, for someone else to come along after Mr. Roosevelt and pack the court with men of his own choosing, men who will decide questions as the then President de sires them to decide. There is no limit to what may come if once the door is opened. Senator Wheeler, the Montana Democrat who has long been outstanding in the libera! character of views he holds, has added to this thought the expres sion that if the door is to be opened, the people must do it—not the con gress that was elected without vot ers having heard the proposition mentioned. • • • As the fight of packing the Su preme court waxes warmer, one —. a* • c * n no * h «lP not- 7 hey At awe ing how even clever politicians make mistakes. There are many who believe that Mr. Roorevelt made a grievous er ror in proposing revision of the Su preme court in the fashion he chose while there are others who say that he was elected by such a tremen dous majority that he will have the people behind him regardless of the character of proposition advanced to congress. It is interesting to note how many congressmen and senators are dodg ing the issue. Their silence is posi tively thunderous because they do not know how the people back home feel about the general proposition. There are others who have come out boldly for one reason or an other in support of the plan and there are some 33 or more in the senate who have determined their position already and are ready to fight to the finish to stop passage of such a law. Then there was the mistake which Senator Robinson of Arkansas, the Democratic leader, made in the sen ate the other day. He vigorously denounced what he termed propa ganda and a conspiracy to defeat the President’s plan. He called at tention to much newspaper and edi torial comment in opposition and ac cused all of those people indiscrimi nately with being part of a gigantic conspiracy against the court pack. The humor of the Robinson out burst seemed not to be apparent to the otherwise kindly mannered sen ator whom I very much admire. What he did by an hour-long attack in the senate was to re-emphasize all of the criticism of the Presi dent’s plan. One might refer in this connec tion also to the explosive type of speech made by Harry Hopkins, re lief administrator. Of course, ev eryone knows that Mr. Hopkins has made his life’s work that of looking after suffering humanity. He is on the government pay roll in such, a job. Mr. Hopkins attacked all op position to the President’s plan be cause he said it was in the interest of humanity to do so. The relief administrator made his appeal di rect to all of those receiving federal money through relief rolls and that obviously will be taken up by oppo nents of the President’s plan who undoubtedly will say as some al ready have hinted that Mr. Hop- kint is trying to muster relief classes to bring pressure upon cow gresa. • Wwtcra 1 cupful brown cugur S tuMpoonfiih of bolllnc water 4 offs 1 cupful of flour taaapoonful of cinnamon Pinch of cloves Dash of allspioo 5 teaapoonfula of bakinf powder- Beat the yolks of the eggs and sugar well. Add spices, mixing well. Add boiling water. Sift flour several times, adding the baking and I powder. Tb«n add the flour and baking powder to the mixture and bake in layer tins ten minutes in a hot oven. This cake is very deli cious if made with a date filling between the layers. Copyright.—WNU Sonrleo. JKa *Ta.votit* JQtcijat Babe Didribea GRANDMA KNOWS WHY PENETRO HELPS COLDS Grandma knows “mutton ^suet,” and Penctro has a mutton suec base.... In addition, Penctro con tains 113% to 227% more medication than anv other J nationally sold cold salve. THC SALVE WITH A UASE OF OLD FASHIONED MUTTON SUET PENETRO \ Miss REE LEEF says: CAPUDINE relieves HEADACHE quicker because Its liquid... alx/a/hf jUl&ctirnt Zaeloaod fimd $1 OO I'SiZSzrg; S2 •pocUl latradootary ^ W —^23^———— Sttmt Addtmm .................. ....... .Sfof# To Every Man—His Own What is justice? To give every man his own.—Aristotle. The Greedy Slave Who covets more is evermore a slave.—Herrick. 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