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S' I f y i T¥> Peopl^S^ti—I. Bun well. S. C. T1i«mday. October L. 19M / v Artkar Brlabaa* For the Pacific State* A Good Example It Sold for $700 The Pacific states should interest themselves in air defense, apart from the national government. When a com* mittee of rich men from New York called on Abraham L i n- coln, told him how much mon ey they had, and urged that he send a good bat tleship to do noth ing but protect New York city, his reply was that if he had as much money as they said they had, he would build a battleship for himself. The west coast states, California, Oregon, Washington, co-operating perhaps with their vigorous neigh bors of Vancouver, and other points above the Canadian border, might well have a few flying ships of their own, a sort of air militia. San Francisco, where they com bine patriotism with plenty of mon ey, and great civic pride and ener gy, might well start the idea of a Pacific coast flying force. That need not be very expensive. A hundred machines to begin with, a hundred plucky young fliers, practicing the gentle art of flying at night, and dropping bombs, practicing espe cially mimic warfare against other* flying machines, would constitute an admirable object lesson to the rest of the country. And if California, in San Fran cisco for instance, should start a little flock of one hundred machines, Los Angeles could be relied upon to hurry in with two hundred, Seat tle and other coast cities also. Such machines need not be a to tal loaa la the first place, many young gentlemen with rich fathers, not knowing exactly what to do with extremely anxious to worth while, and prefer ably dangerous, would delight la each equipping his individual ma chine. tor the service of the PaciAc and of Uncle Sam. as the m the old days delighted In each his regiment, or hie flghtmg ship, tor the service of the kmc Two hundred or three hundred high • powered, swift flying mo di rer ted by quick and coura- Amencan brama. would be worth more to the safety of the Pa cific coast than a hundred battio- shipa For tha fighters that if they do come, will fiy miles the battleship* They would coma less gaily, lesa confidently, if they knew lhat trained filer* swatted them Hideyo Noguchi. w\o gave his life to fight yellow fever in Africa, will Inapt re many men He was boro of s proud, warlike race, inlenaety self centered, for 2.000 year* a hermit people The loyalty of a Japanese was to family, clan, above all to the emperor representing his race. The reet of the world was nothing to him Born one generation after Japan opened her doors to the sot id. No guchi felt the new spirit of the times He was loyal to family, clan, emperor, race; but he saa devoted chiefly to all human kind. From boyhood to the last, through poverty and many penis, he studied how to wipe out disease. He dis covered the germ of yellow fever, developed serums to prevent the fever or cure it, led In the work that has driven it out of America and will soon put an end to it throughout the world Yellow fever killed countless mil lions of all peoples. Noguchi's skill and devotion have saved the lives of millions, too many to estimate, most of them foreigners to whom his forefathers would have paid no attention, calling them hei-min, or no-folks. Noguchi’s self-sacrifice to human welfare sets an example that is sure to be followed. Perhaps, ir, time, most men will see that it is better to help one another than to kill or even rob one another. It is said the Hackensack Indians sold to the white men for so many bars of lead, and some finery, worth altogether $700, land on which now stands the entire city of Newark, N. J., and a great deal of land be yond. The poor Hackensack chief, with his $700, couldn’t buy today enough land for a tight grave at the corner of Broad and Market streets in New ark. Land goes up wonderfully. Doctors at Kansas City report that birth control information so much discussed does little good to the poor, and has caused an “alarm- inf slump in child bearing among educated families * That is how reform works, usu ally. But since flu per cent of hu man beings worth while come from may be w«y News Review, of Current Events the World Over Senator Conzens Defeated in Michigan Primaries—Maine- Recaptured by Republicans—Notable Gathering of Savants at Harvard Tercentenary. By EDWARD W. PICKARD “ ' C Waattm Newspaper Union. Sen. Couzens R EPUBLICANS were highly grat ified by the results of the Michi gan primary election for two rea sons: First, because three out of five person who went to the polls asked for Republi can ballots; second, bee a u s e Senator James Couzens, a Republican who has openly declared that he is supporting President Roosevelt for re-election, lost hi* fight for re- nomination. C o u z- ens, one of the wealthiest members of the senate, was badly defeated by former Gov. Wilbur M. Brucker, and there is more than a suspicion that he knew his fate beforehand. Brucker, who is only forty-two years old, has been in public life for almost twen ty years. The Republicans re-nom inated Frank D. Fitzgerald for the governorship. On the Democratic side Repre sentative Prentiss M. Brown won the senatorial nomination against Louis B. Ward who was supported by Father Coughlin. For governor they chose Frank Murphy, high commissioner to the Philippines and former mayor of Detroit. Both Mur phy and his defeated opponent, George Welsh, campaigned as Roosevelt supporters. In the New Hampshire primaries Gov. H. Styles Bridges won the Re publican senatorial nomination, end ing the effort of former Senator George H. Moees to stage a come back. The Democrats put up Rep resentative William N. Rogers. Nominees for governor ere Maj. Francis P. Murphy, Republicm, and Amoa N. Blandin, Democrat. Massachusetts will have for sena tor either Henry Cabot Lodge. Jr.. Republican, or James M. Curley, now governor. Democrat John W. Haigis. Republican, and Qiarlea F. Hurley. Democrat, were nominated for the governorship The gubernatorial nomtneee la Wisconsin ere: Gov. Philip La Foi- ietta. Progressive. Atomander Wi ley. Republican, and Arthur W. si AINF. the la back •ace H White Gee. Louie J U> unseat him by e substantial Harold Dubord. The vote and | The state had visited by be* aa he returned from ata m cruise, end Gov All M the Republican Presidential nee. who mode speschee there only a few day* ago. Colonel Knox, vice presidential candidate on the Re publican ticket, also had canvi the state Brann. who governor in IflU and re-elec tad two years later, was the first Democrat to hold that office in Maine and was personally popular. White was elected senator in 1930 after ten years in the house. S ECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE WALLACE has approved the new $10,000,000 seed corn loan pro gram of the AAA. The government will advance farmers two types of loans on seed corn stored on the farm. Advances of $1.75 a bushel will be made to farmers on 1,000,- 000 bushels of selected corn. The government will have the option of buying this corn at $3.50 a bushel up to April 1, 1937. The second type of loan permits advances of 55 cents a bushel on “good quality and properly stored cribbed corn which can be sorted for seed at a later date.” On the latter type of loan the government retains the right to purchase the collateral at $1.50 a bushel until April 1 next. It is understood the Reconstruc tion Finance corporation has agreed to advance up to $10,000,000 under the loan program. The loans will be made to farmers through the Commodity Credit corporation. The interest rate on the new loans will be 4 per cent, the same as was in effect under the old corn loan program. C' EDERAL government help In * controlling their business has been asked by two large sections of the tobacco industry. The Retail Tobacco Dealers of America. Inc., representing about 300.000 retaileia of tobacco prod ucts. requested the federal trade commission to authorize a trade practice conference with a view for formulating rules for the etim- motion of unfair methods of com po tman and trade tog stole* day conference in Washington with a request addressed to the agricul tural' adjustment administration to draft a model production control bill. 'T'O THE sixty-sixth annual con- gress of the American Prison association, held in Chicago, was presented a report from the com mittee on crime prevention in which it was stated that the tactics of a certain class of lawyers in defend ing persons charged with crime have the effect of encouraging crim inals to repeat their offenses. The committee declared that 75 per cent of the prisoners now in penal insti tutions in this country had been “literally faced about into a ca reer of crime” by their experiences with defense attorneys. The coaching of the attorney tended to help the defendant find an alibi for his misdeeds and a sed ative for his conscience, accord ing to the report, when public wel fare should have guided the lawyer to conduct “which would quicken the sensibilities of the prisoner and awaken him to his owi. misdeeds.’* The committee recommended more scientific methods in prevent ing and combating crime and it esti mated that the country's annual crime cost is $15,000,000,000—“one- fourth of the national income; half of the war debt.” tp OR the first time in seven years 1 the United States is to have a squadron in European Atlantic wa ters. It is known as “Squadron 43- temporary" and Rear Admiral Ar thur P. Fairfield was named aa its commander. Admiral Fairfield hoisted his flag aboard the light cruiser Raleigh at the Norfolk navy yard and sailed for Gibraltar. At first the squadron will consist of the flagship Raleigh, the destroyers Kane end Hatfield and the coast guard cutter Cayu*a. but navy of ficials expected Its strength would Pope Pius XI D OPE PIUS XI may be physically 1 weak, as recent reports say, but age and illness have not lessened the vigor of his opinions and his way of expressing them. In greeting and blessing soma five hundred Span ish refugees who were received at Castel Gandolfo. the holy father took oc casion to denounce strongly the “mad” forces of Commu nism which, he de clared, menaced, in Spain and e 1 s e • where, “the very foundations of all order, all culture and all civiliza tion.” He urged the constituted authorities of ail nations to oppose “these great evils with every reme dy and barrier that is possible” and prophesied that there will be utter chaos if “those who have a duty in the matter do not hasten to repair the breach—if, indeed, it is not al ready too late.” The pope spoke especially of the situation in Spain, but said tha crisis there is “a school in which the most serious lesson is being taught to Europe and to the whole world— to a world now at last wholly steeped, ensnared and threatened by subversive propaganda, and more especially to a Europe bat tered and shaken to its very founda tion.” For forty minutes the pontiff spoke passionately, his voice at times broken with emotion, and his address was transmitted by radio to all the civilized world. Reichsfuehrer Hitler, too, took another hard whack at the Com munists at a ceremonial tribute to the World war dead in Nuremberg. Before 120,000 uniformed Nazis and 50.000 others he boasted of Ger many's armed strength and shouted: i “Our old enemy, bolshevism, is vanquished within Germany, but still active around her borders. But let no one be deceived. We are ready at any hour. Wa all have one wish—to maintain peace — but with it goes one firm decision: Never to surrender Germany to that enemy we have come to know eo well “ If Hitler, as some think, triee to lead the coming five-power Locarno conference into forming an anti- Soviet alliance, he will be firmly oppoeed by France. Foreign Min ister Yvoo Delboe says so. and de clares France will under no circum stances abandon her military pact with Soviet Russia. According to Prevda. authorita tive newspeper of Moscow. Hitler to attack and partition Cserho- ore bo embark; eo o the Soviet union. bio cabinet to build up air tore** Italy s aavy to greetet sti ength and pi aimed to The carry oa vtgi srously the c iimps iga Pres* toe setf-suffic* enry in raw a isler tala ly pr< It looked as if the dove of peace ca/ef was prvpertni [ to leave Eui ope. and that 1 as relatione between Jap an a ad upon Oune grew mors st; aim id every other ui- t tend point, m the Re- I s e highly I umstanc* I ong as the I HE will hav% to take thetr la | of the Union in forty foreign ind all of them wearing the a c a ; , Ceoaof hoods thetr venous ship President James B G ed the guests, accepted their cre dentials and delivered a simple address of welcome. He noted that the assembly was an impressive demonstration of the solidarity of the academic world, and saw in the greetings of the delegates “the con tinued aspiration of mankind toward a universal fellowship based on hu man reason.’* Responding on tehalf of the dele gates. Prof. Blie Cartan of the Uni versity of Paris paid tnbute to Har vard's contributions to education and declared that “no barrier, po litical, religious or social, should be erected to stop the search for truth.” When the delegates were called up in the order of the age of the institutions they represented, first to respond was Prof. Saleh Hashem Attia of Al-Azhar university of Cai ro, founded in 970. Then came the next oldest, the Regia university, Neglie Stuni Bologna, founded in the Tenth century, and represented by Prof. Carrado Gini. Third jjgjs the University of Paris, founded in the Eleventh century, whose repre sentative was Dr. Cartan. Oxford, Cambridge and all the others fol lowed, down to the youngest-repre sented, the Academia Sinica of Nan king, China. World famous educators, scien tists and men of letters including ten Nobel prize winners, were among those who attended the reception. F RANCE’S famous polar explor er, Di 1 . Jesfh Charcot, and 59 of the crew of 60 aboard the explora tion ship Pourquoi Pas were drowned when the vessel foundered in a gale off the Iceland coast. One petty officer swam ashore and told of the tragedy. Charco. led two ex peditions to the Antarctic and a re gion there is named for him. Char- cotland In 1>S. when one of Roald Amundsen’s north polar expeditions t tel of Guipuxros provtacx end fe- nous Bey ef Biscay resort. Santa the city, the city’s war to ef the r# prevented the reds the city, only a paper d twe residences being and the defending forces retreated toward Bilbao, accompa nied by thousands of civilians and foreigners. Insurgent troops, com manded by Col. Jose Beorlegui. marched in and were ceremonious ly reviewed, and the bishop of Pam plona officiated at a thanksgiving service. The municipal governor. Antonio Ortega, and his staff boarded a yacht to go to new headquarters at Zumaya, about 15 miles west of San Sebastian. The new line of defense was established at Orio. Government spokesmen claimed considerable victories in the Tala- vera sector southwest of Madrid and not far from the Portuguese border. O UR navy’s intelligence depart ment has discovered that a recent small fire on the cruiser Indianapolis while -the was being overhauled in the New York navy yard was caused by the driving of phonograph needles and nails in to an electric cable; and other sus pected sabotage on war vessels is being investigated. The work on the cruiser was being done by civilian employees and Capt. Charles A. Dunn, industrial manager of the /ard, said the placing of the nails in the cables was ‘‘undoubted- ly” a deliberate attempt to damage the cruiser. C ECRETARY OF AGRICUL- TURE WALLACE is arranging a series of community meetings of farmers for the purpose of laying out the “agricultural conservation program” for next year. He said the AAA planned the meetings in the farm areas in order to discuss crop insurance and possible max- inr.urn limits of benefit payments to each farm. He explained the program aimed at providing “great er abundance for tbe average American home.*' and should “help It check sod erosion, mprtv* tor tuny encourage herter lead us* Washington. — As the campaign gets more heated it becomes in- n c j creasingly evident Call Spade that the political a Spade battle this year will result more times in a spade being called a spade—men being named names— than has happened in a good many previous years. When this stage is reached it invariably means that party workers as well as party lead ers are thoroughly imbued with the sense of battle and it means further that no phase of either party poli cy or personal affairs of the candi dates themselves escapes the atten tion of the opposition. That probably is the reason why Mr. Roosevelt lately has found him self being “kidded” to a greater ex tent than usually occurs about his “non-political” visits to various sec tions of the country. The oppor tunity has not yet come for Gover nor Landon, the Republican nom inee, to be made the butt of such jokes or the subject of such per sonal attacks, but undoubtedly it will arrive long before November 3. To refer again to the President’s “non-political” trips, the corre spondents here have been having a great deal of fun about the Presi dent’s determination to learn first hand about the flood areas of Penn sylvania and New England and the drouth areas of the middle west ern plains. This is significant. It show's an important change of attitude on the part of the Washington observers who seldom find themselves in a position where they can tell every thing they kno'/. It is significant also from this standpoint that it shows Mr. Roosevelt to have lost the loyalty of a great number of those writers. Time was when 95 per cent of the Washington corre spondents were with Mr. Roosevelt on everything he said or did and when they found vulnerable spots or weaknesses in his statements or ac tions they were inclined to'overlook them Such is not the case now. however, and I think It may be added with candor that the Presi dent’s programs and policies, hts speeches and statements in press conferences are examined wit moat seruiaap. From the Democrat* this is disti .'•ssmg F publican standpoint, it valuable change in c ’eason is that as Sent bad a com pie lei; f r tend rss be did not need to be tn <1 nor did be ever need tn fear interpretations would be placed hie statements or his action*, than the interpretation which he desired It tehee no stretch of the imagination to realise forthwith that any time he says er does any thing to which exception can be tak en. some el those correspondents will point out the other possibilities I And generally speaking that the writing corps doubted that the Pres ident’s Penn*) Ivarna and New Eng land visits were based solely on his desire to know what the federal gov ernment shouki do to prevent flood* One cerreependent was so extremely frank as to write in his metropolitan newspaper that Mr., Roosevelt foresaw not a flood of wa ter but a flood of Republican voles Of course, this is an exaggerated position for any unbiased writer to take, but there were any number of those correspondents who laugh ingly inquired why it was so urgent ly necessary for the President to visit the flood areaseat this time— considering that there was no Con gress tn session and no definite pro vision for the framing of flood re lief plans. ^ • • • Now as to the President's visit to the drouth stricken area: The drouth was pres- Learned ent in the “dust Little bowl" as the bril liant young strate gists of the New Deal organization have named tha middle western plains. There can be no doubt like wise that relief was needed and that a thorough-going understanding of the situation by those responsible in Washington should be obtained. Yet, I believe it was the consensus of the writers accompanying the President on that whirlwind tour of the dust storms that Mr. Roosevelt personally gained no. knowledge of conditions that was not already available to him in reports from his subordinates. Indeed, I am told on very good authority that re lief representatives who had gone into the drouth area already had written their reports to the Presi dent and made their recommenda tions concerning policies to deal with that relief situation before he left Washington on that trip. It must be quite obvious, how ever, that Mr. Roosevelt desired to see conditions about which so much was being written in the newspa pers. I think he cannot be blamed for desiring the opportunity to wit ness things as they actually were be fore the rains came; but some of tus speeches from the rear end of his rpectai train evidenced some thing more than a hint that he de sired to see not only the drouth stricken area but tbe voters who live there More recently the President hai made a non-political trip ipto cer tain areas of the southland where it is suspected by Chairman Farley’s representatives that a goodly num ber of Republican votes exist. In fairness to the President it must be said with respect to his southern trip, however, that he did little ac tual speech-making. • It is true that he gave the pump-handle hapdshake wherever people desired to greet him but his campaigning was much less evident in the minds of the re porters than obtained in his visit to the north and to the central west. • • • And referring to his trip to the central west, I am reminded of the - hysteria that has Sod arisen over soil Erotion erosion. Undoubt edly, soil erosion is a problem worthy of general at tention but the thing that disturbs me as a Washington observer is that soil erosion, like a lot of other prob lems, suddenly has become mixed up in politics when it is not a po litical question. The conservation of soil, of natur al resources, has been a matter to which farmers of the nation have addressed themselves for more than a hundred years. WJio is it among the farming community that has not attempted at one time or another to stop “washes’’ or who has not planted tome willow trees or some kinds of bush to prevent ditches being cut through the middle of fertile and arable land? And may I ask further, what farmer is there who has not given consideration to crop rotation, to the planting of types of clover or hay or grasses that would of themselves enrich the soil? All of these things are common place. All of them have been dona from the time to which the memory runneth not to the contrary. But now wt find a perfect hullabaloo—a hysteria—as I said at the beginning MMt a thing with which farmers long have been familiar It comes almost into the category of nonsense One needs only to visit the oldest communities tn the nation to And sods that have been producing for twe centuries end that have continued to show le er eased production through all of that tune The reason is that those fanners knew about sod erosion and they sought to prevent . t far all farmers rec Ml Km the de ers and near ogruie that awl I that it cannot be planted u same crop eternally eithnui straying its fertility < nd they know the necessity and the method for .rf the problem They have acted on that necetuuty Koto i tha landing all of these facta we ere due to see tn the neat see sion of congrsse and probably foe a cynaider able number of sessions thereafter a bunch of politicians who will be prating about aod conserva tion long after the farmers have become thoroughly sick at the stom ach about the idee It is just an other one of those things upon which hungry political demagogue* will leap and continue to use as a ve hicle on which to ride into office I was boro on a farm and grew up there. 1 know the problem in side out because the farm upon which I was born w as susceptible to erosion—“washing” as my father called it—to a greater extent than ta usual in farm lands It n no particular credit to any one to boast about preventing soil erosion be cause it is a thing that any farmer will want to do if he wants to con tinue to make his farm pay him a return. It is just as much a part of farm management as it is to see that the work stock does not develop sore shoulders. But the point of all of this as far as I am concerned is that political capital is beinj made out of a con dition with which politicians ought not to be concerned at all. Some may accuse ms of ignoring the drouth condition. I do not do so. We have had several years of bad drouth conditions. I find it diffi cult to associate political control over the weather, however, because the claims of politicians have yet to reach very far above their heads. • • • Announcement is made at last that former President Herbert Hoover is going to Hoover take the stump in f o' Speak behalf of Gover nor Landon and the Republican ticket. Though it was long delayed, it probably has come before the country became convinced that an irreparable breach existed between Governor Landon and Mr. Hoover. Rumors •vere just beginning to fly and gos sip tongues were just beginning to wag that Mr. Hoover would remain out of the Republican picture this year so it is extremely fortunate that he and Governor Landon at last have been brought together, as far as Republicans are concerned. I am not informed as to the rea sons for this delay. It is evident that somebody slipped because it is unnatural for politicians to de liberately decline to take advantage of strength when it is proffered them