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r- • Tke Barnwell People-Sentinel, Barnwell. S. C- Thursday. August 27. 1936 EUROPE WATCHES SPANISH WARII a Smartly Simple Frock Anxiously Await Outcome of Struggle Between Right and Left Factions; May Change World History. By WILLIAM C. UTLEY O RDINARILY you can take a Spanish revolution as a GreeWe'vo- lution, or you can let it alone. The general custom among the lait^ of observers in America in the past has been to let ’em alone. In Greek revolutions the government changes hands between mat inee and evening performances and, although whole navies are cap tured, no one ever gets hurt. The ordinary Spanish revolution is much the same, the one distinguishing factor being that murder and mayhem are present, but nobody gets hurt except Spaniards. Ever since Spain lost her last^ American colonies some 30-odd years ago, riot, revolution and re bellion have been rife in the sunny land. But because, in the past, these revolutions have been of little con sequence outside the borders of Spain itself, other nations, even those on the European continent, have been justified in merely re maining aloof and letting matters take their course until once more a Spanish government of one kind or another is answering the ’phones. Aloofness often is only official as it is possible to do a neat little busi ness in arms with both warring sides, unofficially. But with this newest and most serious of Spanish revolutions the customary policy of laissez - faire among her neighbors is one diffi cult, if not impossible, to maintain. >For here in Spain is now the ulti mate expression of a struggle that is now going on among the peoples of nearly every nation in Europe. See Death Struggle This is not a civil war to deter mine whether republic or monarchy shall be the form of government. Actually it docs not involve the question of how the nation shall be governed so much as who shall gov ern it. There is a death battle between what have come to be called in Europe, and are more and more frequently mentioned here in the United States, the Right and the tion of Spain. It was less than a decade after that when she lost her last American colony. Four years later came the first of a series of uprisings among the people; it was quelled. That was in 1909; in 1917 there was another unsuccessful re volt. When the crisis after the World war came, the Spanish monarchy found itself unable to look after the welfare of its 23,000,000 subjects, who were finding it next to im possible to make a living. An at tempt was made to right conditions in 1921 when Prime de Rivera was set'up by the Rightist factions as dictator. It didn’t work. New Regime Fails Ten years later the republic was voted in and King Alfonso XIII was on his sudden way out. Spanish citi zens were free men. All the ills of the old times were to be forgotten. Their troubles were over. But, alas, it didn’t work out that way. Actually, the new government had been heralded a few months be fore its inception by a serious gene ral strike and an uprising among the military forces. There was the world-wide depression to be reck oned with, and the fact that in Spain the currency was deflated, industry frozen and foreign markets for Spanish farmers hopelessly lost. Primo de Rivera had been driven into exile by rising governmental debts and deficits. Political liberty was supposed to rectify all of these things. Of course it didn't. When the republic was bom 75 per cent of the population was de- i pendent, directly or indirectly, up on agriculture, yet so evilly was it distributed that only one-tenth of the farm population could make a fair living from it. Immense estates, relics of feudal days, held ; the really fertile land; the poor , peasant was doomed to watch thou- ' sands upon thousnds of acres of nch land carelessly, waste fully cul tivated, or even thrown open to pasture, while he. burdened with heavy debts, had to work a tiny patch of poor land. The great hordes of landless farm • hands, working only half the year, and then I at meager wages, were steadily growing. Small private ii result of hopeless conflict'of policy. The Right, bewildered by conflict ing policy, between socialism one minuted and Fascism the next, froze credits, paralyzed industry and agri culture, and hired armed bands of men to annoy the Leftists and thus provoke the government. In the summer of 1932 it all came to a boil and the Right provoked a military revolt, but intervention of civilian troops on the part of the govern ment quelled it. Economic conditions failed to im prove. There were strikes, riots and demonstrations. The Left was still in a bad way. The peasants led an uprising in 1933. So severely was it put down, the government began to lose the loyalty of the peasants and kindred classes. When later that year the Socialists were driven ••• i l ~~ - ...I .. . . . Women Marksmen Take Part. from the cabinet and the Right as sumed what amounted to almost all the power, there were political scandals and months of continued unrest followed. In 1934 the Left re volted upon the calling of Gil Robles into the cabinet. This was nearly a successful revolution and was only quieted by the employment of the Spanish Foreign Legion and paid Moorish troops. Never before i n Spanish history had such measures been necessary to protect the gov ernment. It was sufficient to instill more confidence and courage into the Left, and to incite the proleta riat further against the government of the Right. Accordingly the Left forced elec tions and swept the existing govern ment from power. That was early this year. The same old struggle has been going on ever since—the power has not yet definitely come to one side or the other to permit a continuity of action. But the new revolution, openly and unmistakably a civil war to the bit- I ter end. will leave Spain at last com- Gea. Emilio Mela. Rebel Leader. Left On the Right is Fascism; on the left is Socialism. On the one side are the monopolies, the bureau crats and the big land owners; on the other are the peasant farmers, the small business men, union labor and the proletariat. It may be truthfully said that practically all Europe today is di- valed into Rightest and Leftist fac tions. The sharp line of demarcation becomes more apparent with each new heated political debate, with each new spirited election. For that reason every European eye is di rectly focused upon Spain. Deeply concemol are France, whose new Leftist government has not yet proved the panacea it was heralded to be; Germany, which will find new cause to arm against "the Reds” if the Left wins and a new victory over communism if the Right wins; Italy would welcome a strong Fascist neighbor, and ex clusive of her subtler political in terests, Great Britain must protect Gibraltar. While former revolutions in Spain have resulted in only qualified vic tories or defeats, it is generally con ceded that this one will be decisive. It may string along for many months, even years, but it will be a fight to a finish. Europe Watches Struggle Yet what is important about this civil war is not which government, Right or Left, emerges victorious, the choice of the majority of people. It is the fact that there is a serious fight. This is a bloody and cruel war. Homes, theaters, hospitals have become ammunition centers and barracks. Snipers spit death out of store windows, cannon wheels scar the surfaces of plains, the drone of bombers disturbs the calm of fabled Spanish skies. Right and Left have taken arms against each other. All Europe watches. F«i~years the continent has been a tinder box, awaiting a match to set it off. Crisis after crisis has been passed and another great war has been averted or post poned, sometimes ever so narrowly. May not this develop into the next of these great crises? What will France do if Italy sends aid to the Fascists? What will Germany do if Red Russia interferes on the other side? The Spanish-American war may be arbitrarily taken as the real be ginning of the political diaintegra- govemment that when there were 1 losses, the taxpayers made them | good, but when there were profits ! the stockholders got them all. When the republic came into be ing there were countless and need less bureaus eating the substance of the treasury. A costly and over large army, with many needlessly high-salaried officers noted for blun dering and extravagant "colonial** adventures, was being kept. Unem ployment, starvation wages and continued repression from the Right had concentrated the mass of poor industrial workers into a few large cities and had greatly increased their numbers. Eipeeted Drastic Changes The people, rightly enough, ex pected drastic changes from the Men of the Republic. The economic theory of the Rightists, nominally I ft v i f f vr: Yi> • P m «sw < Scene in Toledo Showing Snipers Fighting Rebels. one and the collar is just long enough to take the prize. Send for Barbara Bell Pattern No. 1933-B designed for sizes 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20—bust 32 to 38. Size 14 requires 4 yards of 39- inch fabric. Send 15 cents in coins. Send for the Fall Pattern Book containing Barbara Bell well- planned, easy-to-make patterns. Exclusive fashions for children, young women and matrons. Send 15 cents for your copy. Send your order to The Sewing Circle Pattern Dept., 367 W. Adams St., Chicago, III. © Hell Syndicate —WNU Service. Of liffitsi 10 i noiKwift Foreign Words and Phrases 1933 B Swingin’ down the lane with a bit of a zip and a full quota of what it takes, this smartly simple frock goes places without effort— an engagingly youthful and chic affair which can be made in a trice (first cousin to a jiffy) and make you the belle of the campus. Its simplicity is totally disarm- ing, yet it has all the aplomb of a professor in English — just one of those frocks which can’t miss. Delightfully cool and as chipper as a breeze, it requires just seven simple pieces in the making, in any fabric from the A’s to the Z’a. The yoke and sleeves cut in Minced ham and chopped green pepper makes a tasty filling for deviled eggs. » t + A large piece of blotting paper placed on the closet floor will ab sorb moisture from wet'Rubbers that may be placed in closet. » • * A mixture of one part vinegar and two parts linseed oil, applied with a soft cloth to suitcases and bagsywill clean and polish them. r • • • you wish to boil a cracked egg’place a little vinegar in the water in which it is boiled. This will keep the egg from seeping through the crack in the shell. • * * Scorch on cotton or linen may be removed with soap and water. Wet the spot with water and ex pose to the sun for a day or longer if necessary. The scorch disappears more rapidly if the material is moistened first. If your garden peas get too hard for serving in the regular way, cook them until tender, press through a sieve and use the pulp in soup. • • • To make white curtains ecru dip in a solution made by boiling one tablespoon of black tea in one quart of water. Strain solution before using. t 9 Aaaoclftl*4 Naw*p*p*r«. — WNU Sarvlc* A posteriori. '(L.) From that which follows, from effect to cause. , Au jour le jour. (F.) From hand to mouth. Battre la campagne. (F.) To scour the country; to go on q fool’s errand. Ca m’est egal. (F.) It is al) the same to me. De profundis. (L.) Out of the depths. En grande tenue. (F.) In full dress. Faire la noce. (F.) To have a gay time; to make a night of it. Gluckliche Reise. (Ger.) A pleasant voyage; bon voyage. J’y suis, j’y reste. (F.) Here I am, here I stay.—Attributed to Marshall McMahon in the Crimean Redan. Hie jacet. (L.) Here lies; said of a deceased person. Ipse dixit. (L.) He himseU said it; a dogmatic assertion. Mufti PER fillHOMl DRY ClliNtP 3CK.40 c ,65^ boltles SHOE WHITS will not rub off.\ I Contains Intradiants of Mufti Homo On) Oannw] 1 to CLfAn ns it wnirons, larfa »otrta*_*BiJ And Get Somewhere Keep your own counsel and keep going. Good LIGHT Fvcry NiOht Wrm A fblewan LANTERN Tins to tfca tttte Catamm I j !■>«■ was U« bfr •ad Is si wsrs *rssdy 7or mo Hfc lssay far saary aotbam am , . iMM-jkpri idsM TWS COLSMAM Day* WUl». and rrovs ax istriee wallowed P 1 * 1 * 1 ? R ‘« h! • completely Left— . , , . ., . . , completely Fascist or completely hopelessly in debt, while great mo* ' nopoltes were so entwined into the , ‘ J '* Americans Leave Spain The efficiency of the State depart ment and the foreign service has been strikingly demonstrated in the emergency precipitated by the rev olution In Spam, which required the government to conduct the first evacuation of Americans from a European country since the World war. When the revolution broke. Am bassador Bowers was at his sum mer house at Fuenterrabia, on the coast, five miles from San Sebas tian. the Summer capital, where were stationed Messrs. Johnson and Schoellkopf. Cut off from commu nication by telephone with his Sum mer embassy and prevented by bar ricades and fighting from going to San Sebastian, Mr. Bowers was tak en off by the cutter Cayuga and subsequently established his em- • DC UNITED THIBUTK TO REAM- ADMIRAL RICHARD EVELYN BYRD. U. S. N. (Ret ), six hundred mem bers of American industrial and scientific groups met at a dinner on June 5th. They presented to Admiral Byrd a gold medal in scribed "American Industry’s Tribute.” On the reverse side, this medal commemorates the silent courage of an heroic leader who kept alone "a six months vigil for meteoro logical observation at the world’s southernmost outpost. Before the middle of the long Antarctic night he was stricken desperately ill from the poisonous fumes of a faulty oil stove. Survival seemed impossible. He deliberately chose to die rather than tap out an S. O. S. on his radio. In fact, he squandered his strength and les sened his chance for survival by painfully hand-cranking his radio to keep his schedule and report— ‘AH's Well’—to Little America, lest his silence cause hie com rades to risk their lives coming to his rescue in the darkness. For months of the bitterest aver age cold ever endured, he hung precariously on the edge of the abyss. Untold suffering did not compel him to alter his decision. By a miracle he was spared.** In 22 branches of scientiflo knowledge the world is richer be cause Byrd and his comrades ad ventured into the Antarctic. But far beyond this the world is en riched by the character of these courageous men ... led by e men who silently challenged death in one of the great deeds of ell time ... It is in enduring recognition of such rare leader ship that the medal presented to him is inscribed "Dick Byrd— Gallant Gentleman.” second in power in the republic and today represented by the rebelling Fascist generals, was that of re pression, wage-reduction breaking- up of labor unions, and concentra tion camps for forced labor—all the principles of Fascism. The republic was to substitute higher wages, new and fairer distribution of land, gov ernment control of industry, reset tlement and rehabilitation projects and a security program. - But the early republican govern ment found itself torn between two loyalties. It attempted to steer a middle course, providing legislation only upon pressure from Right or Left sod, naturally, leaving only a bassy on the vessel to cruise in Spanish waters so as to be of aid to Americans. At the outset the situation in the Spanish capital was serious, with firing in the streets. The United States embassy stocked all the food it could get and stored water in large reservoirs for a siege. Then American nationals were directed to go to the embassy. A total of 160 went there, including Filipinos and Puerto Ricans. The embassy also received official requests to harbor nationals of Belgium, Sweden, Fin land, Turkey, Chile, Panama. Cube and Austria, and did so. 0 WMt«ra W«wa»»»— Valom delicious PHILLIPS ^cutkadt FOODS 1 r ») • ' - a intBy ; i.