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r l The Barnwell People-Sentinel. Barnwell. S. C- Thursday. July 16, 1936 ( SSP 5 ' BRISBANE THIS WEEK A King's Farewell Good Soldier Obeys I , An If or Two 40,000,000 Degrees t Paris.—To “last words of dying men” will be added those of the late King George of England — “I am sorry to keep you waiting like this.” Typical of a good, modest king, always obe dient to duty. At the request of his ministers, including Sir John Simon, who wait ed upon him at the last moment, the king strug gled pathetically to sign his name to a state paper, succeeded, then, turning to his ad visers, spoke those last words, fol lowed by a smile and nod with which he was accustomed to end an audience. This was published in the Star of Johannesburg, South Africa, in a Reuter dispatch. Mr. Gunia sends the clipping from Gibsonia, Pa. Much obliged. Arlhar Krlabanc The Italian soldier Badoglio, in the striking uniform of an Italian marshal, returned to Rome and embraced Mussolini, who wore the uniform of a corporal of fascist militia. Napoleon also liked to be called the “little corporal.” Marshal Badoglio is an Italian soldier who obeys orders. When Mussolini's forces were marching on Rome, Badoglio, according to the story, said to the king: “What shall I do—wipe them out?” The king ordered: “No; no violence.” Now, Mussolini rules, and on his orders Badoglio wipes out Haile Selassie and the government of Ethiopia. Anything could happen in Europe, and one of the things considered quite possible, extremely disturb ing to respectable old England and others, is an agreement between Mussolini and Hitler to make “a deal on Austria" profitable for both; not for Austria. There is always, however, the memory of 1914, when Austria, Italy and the Kaiser had the triple alliance that did not “stand up.” Such alliances usually go along racial lines, if they are to last. France and Italy are natural al lies. both Latin; England and the Um.ed States would probably be found not far apart if a really big World war should ever come, with one or two other IFS. Science proudly demonstrates for the Westinghouse company a new lamp that “rivals the beams of the sun." The demonstrator explained that the temperature at the sun's surface is about 11,732 degrees Fahrenheit, while the new lamp reaches 25,232 degrees Fah renheit. That, however, as scientists know, is a long way from the sun’s best temperature. According to Sir James Jeons, there prevails in the depths of the sun temperature of “forty million degrees centigrade.” which is con siderably higher than any man made temperature. If you came within 1,000 miles of a 5 cent piece with a tempera ture of 40,000,000 degrees centi grade, you would be burned to a cinder; hard to believe, but true. England protested against raising the elevation of guns on American warships because that would make our guns shoot too far In case of war we might hit a British ship lined up against us. News Review of Current Events the World Over Drouth Crisis Brings Federal Aid—Business Revival Con tinues in First Half of 1936—Steel Industry Fights Drive for Unionization. By EDWARD W. PICKARD C We*t*rn Newtp&per Union. Secretary Wallace F EARS that drouth may irri- trievably destroy farm crops in North and South Dakota, eastern Montana and Wyoming prompted President Roosevelt to marshal $500,00(Ly 000 in relief fundsTo combat the damage and to develop fur-* ther plans for fight ing drouth. Secretary of Agri culture Henry W. Wallace, who left Washington for a personal survey of the stricken areas, declared that from all reports condi tions had become as serious as they were in 1934, due to lack of sorely needed rains. The secretary declared that wi les rains descend in the sun- scorched regions the government will buy 30,000,000 head of cattle in the next month. In St. Paul, Minn., the governors of the five drouth-stricken north western states met with Federal Works Progress Administrator Har ry L. Hopkins and administrators from the various states. Mr. Hop kins ordered relief jobs made im mediately available for from 25,000 to 50,000 farmers who have seen their sole source of livelihood de stroyed. The jobs were to be made available on water conservation projects, farm-to-market roads, rural schools and recreational proj ects. Presit^ent Roosevelt, in Washing ton, appointed a special committee composed of Secretary Wallace, Budget Director Daniel Bell, Aub rey Williams, Assistant Works Progress Administrator and Dr. Rexford G. Tugwell, resettlement administrator. They will work in cooperation with a committee of department of agriculture officials. The President instructed Budget Director Bell to study government appropriations to determine what funds are available. C ONTINUING business recovery during the first six months of 1936 fulfilled the hopes of optimist ic prognosticators and surpassed the expectations of conservative forecasters. All the leading trade barometers registered fair business weather at the close of the first half of the year. The production of automo biles reached 2,400,000 units in the first six months of 1936, the best for the period since 1929 Improvement was further reflect ed by the steel industry, the opera tions of which rose from 49 2 per cent of capacity at the start of the year to 71 2 per cent at the end of June. The output of electricity climbed steadily to reach an all time peak in June. The steady recovery of the rail roads was indicated by carloadings which worked up to approach their best levels since 1931. The figures for the first six months of 1936 were substantially better than those for the similar period of 1935. A strong upsurge of home build ing gave impetus to the construc tion industry although it still re mained at subnormal levels. Are animals capable of any thought? A dog on Prince Edward island, whining and howling with its muz zle against a pile of clothing on the edge of a pool, attracted men who took from the water the bodies of two brothers, fifteen and seventeen years old. Could the dog have “thought.out" a connection between the clothing and the disappearance of its young owners? r At Ur, ancient city of the Chal deans, they show a gigantic brick temple, recently uncovered, where it has lain in the ground covered through the ages. It was construct ed originally, like the tower of Babel, to enable the builders to get up into heaven and reach the gods. First they invented those pagan gods, and then they actually be lieved in them. The United States navy has or dered 191 “bomber" airplanes; cheerful small nev^. It is to be hoped that the gov ernment is trying to build bomber planes able to fly any ocean. If war came, our bombing oper ations could be carried on in coun tries across the Atlantic or the Pa cific. We should not want to do any bombing in America. After the first experiment, no country would send any ships within easy bombing or submarine range of these shores. C Kin* Fraturo *ynd)c«l% lac. . WM Barvioa AN INCREASE of 90 per cent in the cash farm income on cot ton, wheat, tobacco, corn and hogs from 1932 to 1935 w'as recorded un der the Agricultural Adjustment act, in- . validated by the Su- : preme court last \ January, according to the annual report ^ 1 of Chester C. Davis, ? former administra- l tor, made public in Washington. ^ xc- Cash farm income Ei i ^ rom these five ma- r,. . . jor farm products which came under production control, rental and bene fit payments was $1,365,000,000 in 1932, the year before the AAA be come operative. For 1935 it was $2,593,000,000. The report pointed out that cash farm income from all other prod ucts increased in the same period from $3,012,000,000 to $4,307,000,000 Mr. Davis, who was recently ap pointed by President Roosevelt to the Federal Reserve board, de clared that cash available for living expenses, taxes and interest from farm cash income was the highest in 1935 since 1929, and two and one half times greater than it was in 1932. r\EFYING a drive to force union ^ ization of its 500,000 workers, the steel industry in a strbnglv worded statement issued by the American Iron and Steel institute declaVed “it will oppose any at tempt to compel its employees to join a union or pay tribute (or the right to work.” Although the statement did not mention him by name, it was re garded by observers as the first official response to the recent an nouncement by John L. Lewis, president of the United Mine Work ers of America, of a campaign to unionize steel employees. In order to prevent the “closed shop,” the industry said it “will use its resources to the best of its abil ity to protect its employees and their families from intimidation, co ercion and violence and to aid them in maintaining collective bargaining free from interference from any source.” The unionization attempt coines at the time when steel operations have set a new record for 1936. Reasserting its belief in the prin ciples of collective bargaining, the industry’s statement pointed out that employees now pick their own representatives for collective bar gaining by secret ballot. The state ment declares: “The steel industry is recovering from six years of depression and huge losses and the employees are beginning to receive the benefit of increased operations. Any interrup tion of the forward movement will seriously injure the employees and their families and all business de pendent upon the industry and will endanger the welfare of the coun try.” IN ESTES PARK, Colo., Gov. Al- fred M. Landon, Republican Presidential nominee, continued his vacation begun with his family the week before and made plans for re convening of the Kansas legislature a’nd for the accept ance speech he will deliver in Topeka on July 23. Although Governor Landon was resting preparatory to the rigors of the cam- r— i anHoM pai * n * ot Mi (M*. Land o fUle an( j confer ences with political advisers occu pied considerable of his attention. When the Kansas legislature re- > convenes a proposed amendment to j the state constitution will oe intro duced. giving the state broad power to provide far-reaching legislation for social welfare and to co-operate with the federal government. Gov ernor Landon was quoted as de scribing the proposed amendment as “satisfactory" The amendment, which may be the basis for similar action in other states, reads: “Nothing contained in this con stitution shall be construed to limit the power of the legislature to enact laws providing for financial assist ance to aid infirm or dependent per sons; for the public health; unem ployment compensation and general social security and providing for the payment thereof by tax or oth erwise and to receive aid from the federal government therefor.” PERSISTENCE of strikes In the * provinces kept France In a state of unrest A gain of 229,000 new members was reported by the gen eral confederation of labdr, organ ized labor’s official body. Altogether it was estimated that 100,000 workers were still absent from their jobs, in spite of reports of strike settlements in scattered sectipns throughout the country. The ‘French Riviera witnessed a general exodus of foreign tourists from 450 hotels and resorts follow ing a lockout by the proprietors. The hotels were closed indefinitely after the employers declared they could not meet workers’demands for more pay and shorter hours. This retaliation by the owners against the threat of a workers’ strike up set the summer tourist season, one of the most profitable to the French. Government representatives were busy attempting to settle three seri ous strikes—iron and steel workers in the Lorraine region, naval ship yard workers at St. Nazaire and em ployees on the pari-mutuel ma chines at Parisian race tracks. Washington Digest j National Topics Interpreted By WILLIAM BRUCKART mmmm \X7HILE representatives of lead- * ^ ing powers gathered in Geneva to lift League of Nations economic sanctions against Italy and the ref ugee emperor, Haile Selassie, of Ethiopia prepared to plead the cause of his na tion’s freedom, Eu ropean statesmen considered the pos sibility of a reorgan ization and reforma tion of the League. Observers agreed that while informal discussions on the „ „ « . League reformation Selassie would be held, it was probable that the question of reorganizing the in ternational pact body would be postponed until the September as sembly. r\ ESPITE his previous decision ^ declaring unconstitutional the tax on railroads to permit pensions, Justice Jennings Bailey of the Dis trict of Columbia Supreme Court ruled in an oral opinion that the railroad retirement board could pay pensions to railroad workers. The justice declared that his pre vious decision on the validity of the rail pension laws could not be construed to mean that the retire ment act itself was unconstitution al. He ruled that the government could proceed to collect from rail workers a sum amounting to 3 1-2 per cent of their salaries and could use the money to pay retirement pensions to the workers when they reach 65 years of age or have worked 40 years. He also ruled that the railroad retirement board could proceed to collect information on which to al lot the pensions, provided it did so at its own expense and by recom pensing the railroads for any cleri cal work involved. Justice Bailey's original decision in the case had specifically en joined the railroad retirement board from taking any steps to compel the railroads to furnish in formation. The decision ruled that the tax law adopted to finance the pensions was unconstitutional and ruled that the tax measure and re tirement measure setting up means of paying the pensions were “in separable.” “YIELDING to the urging* of I party leaders. Gov. Herbert H Lehman of Newf York an nounced that he would run again for the office of governor. The gover nor had announced several months ago that he would not be a candi date again, giving as his reasons the press of personal business and a desire to retire, to private life. Democratic leaders declared the governor's decision will help the national ticket to carry New York in the election next November. In a statement issued to newspa permen, Governor Lehman said he could “no longer resist” the ap peals of national and state Demo cratic leaders. The statement said: “Regardless of personal consid erations, however compelling, I feel that I can no longer resist the pleas of my party both in the state and in the nation or of those with whom I have worked in closest as sociation for man> years and with whom I have waged the fight for equal opportunity and social secur ity. “Therefore if my party in this state chooses to nominate me again and if the people of the state again call on me for service 1 shall proud ly accept the call and will de vote myself wholeheartedly to the interest of the people of the state.” O ETIRING from the post of ^ Comptroller General. J. R. Mc- Carl announced that following the expiration of his term of office he would aid in the government re organization study undertaken by the senate committee headed by Senator Byrd of Virginia. Gen. McCarl criticized New Deal emergency agencies as “loosely and extravagantly set up” and as “tax consuming in the extreme.” He declared that a systematic reor ganization of both regular and emergency agencies would improve government administration and re duce the cost to taxpayers. B RECKINRIDGE LONG. Ameri can ambassador to Italy, sub mitted his resignation to President Roosevelt because of illness. The diplomat declared that he hopes to recuperate his health during the summer and to take an active part in the Presidential campaign in the autumn. Mr. Long’s place will be taken by Undersecretary of State William Phillips. He will represent the United States government in Roma in an effort to solve Italo-Ameri- can problems arising from Musso lini’s conquest of Ethiopia. Mr. Phillips has had a distin guished career in the diplomatic service. He has ield posts in Eu rope, the Far East and Canada and has three times been sub-sec retary in the State department. The most pressing problem fac ing Mr. Phillips in his new post is the regularizing of America’s re lations with Ethiopia, now claimed by Italy as a territory, but still recognized by this country as inde pendent. The importance of this question, observers declare, is in dicated by the selection of Mr. Phillips for the Italian post. Only on rare occasions in the past have active sub-cabinet officers been given diplomatic posts. C^LOODS which followed a series ^ of cloudbursts in south Texas caused property damage estimated at millions of dollars and cost the lives of 22 people. Rains which ell at the rate of nine to ten inches a minute swelled the creeks and rivers of the af flicted areas into wild floods. It was reported that thousands of acres of farm land in Gonzales and adjoining counties were inundated. As the flood waters receded they repealed a grave picture of destruction. The flood ripped through the settlement of Kyle, be tween Austin and San Antonio, washing out bridges and wrecking a train. It was here that the loss of life was greatest. In the Guadalupe Vailey it was estimated that 300,000 acres of farm lands been inundated. Al though the waters subsided lap- tdly, the flood had wiped out lbs orn a id cotton crops. national prlSj bldg Washington.—The arrival of the first robin does not guarantee the immediate arrival The Smith of spring but when Bolt t* 16 fi rst robin is observed, folks generally consider that there is lit tle left of winter. An out and out bolt by an individual in party poli tics likewise does not guarantee important defections', but, like the arrival of the early robin, an indi vidual bolter, if he be a man of, consequence, has a story of its own to tell. A bolt in party politics never attracts attention unless the bolting individual is of some con sequence and, therefore, has a per sonal following. Thus it is that when we observe a bolt by a na tionally known individual from his lifelong political affiliation, v/e im mediately understand its signifi cance. The scope of this signifi cance, however, is the thing that concerns us. Nearly everyone knows now that former Gov. Alfred E. Smith of New York, Democratic Presiden tial nominee in 1928, has made known that he cannot support Pres ident Roosevelt for re-election. They know as well that the four other individuals who asked the Democratic National convention to push Mr. Roosevelt aside and nom inate a Democrat can be classified as important individuals along with Governor Smith. No one dare say that former Sen. James A. Reed of Missouri, former Governor Ely of Massachusetts, Bainbridge Col by, secretary of state in Woodrow Wilson’s administration and Daniel F. Coha lan, one time Tam many chieftain, are unimportant in politics. They have consistently figured in Democratic party coun cils and thus it becomes appar ent that these five robins presage something more than just their own departure from the ranks of Roosevelt supporters. I make this statement notwith standing the declaration by James A. Farley that he would not digni fy their statement with a reply. Of course, Mr. Farley as postmaster general, chairman of the Demo cratic National committee, chair man of the New York State Demo cratic committee and delegate to the Democratic National conven tion. necessarily was a very busy man at the time the Smith state ment, refusing support to President Roosevelt, was released for publi cation. Nevertheless. I am in a position to know that the Smith statement threw quite a scare into New Deal ranks. Frankly, they did not lika it. How much they do not like the Smith statement remains to be seen. I believe that no one can forecast exactly how much strength this group can pull away from Mr, Roosevelt in the Novem ber election. Much will depend upon their personal activities henceforth. If men like Smith and Jim Reed and Ely take the stump, if they go out ento the hustings and actually campaign for Gover nor Landon. the Republican nomi nee, it seems to me obvious that such campaigning will damage the Roosevelt cause materially. It was the natural strategy for Mr. Farley to follow in declining comment on the Smith defection. His assertion that the Smith state ment was so unimportant as to re quire no reply will be convincing to a very great many voters who already have made up their minds to support Mr. Roosevelt. But the truth is that the election has not been won yet by either side and any votes that are influenced by such a group as that headed by Governor Smith will have weight in the final determination of our next President. • • • The Smith defection becomes the more important in my opinion be- cause it occurred Lemke almost simultane- Third Party ously with the de velopment of a third party under the leadership of Rep. William Lemke, of North Dakota. This picture may not be entirely clear to everyone. It is substantially this: Lemke and his colleagues are attempting to draw together the extreme radicals, the leftist groups. The bulk of these will come from the Democratic party if the Lemke organization de velops any particular strength. The Smith group represents the conservative, or rightist, element in the Democratic party. Thus we see detraction from the Roosevelt strength cn two sides. I do not mean to say here that the combination of these circum stances will insure President Roosevelt’s defeat. Anyone who would make such a declaration at this time demonstrates his lack of knowledge of political maneuvers. What I am seeking to show, how ever, is that robins have arrived in the back yarn and in the front yard of the New Deal party and if the leaders of the two obstreperous groups engage viciously in thif campaign, the time may coi/c r2YJ'i when Mr. Farley will recognize their importance. There already has been evidence of the influence of the Lemke radi cal segment. I think everyone agrees that the announcement of the third party’s organization vital ly affected the type of platform that was written in Washington and adopted by the Democratic conven tion at Philadelphia. From many sources comes information that the Democratic platform was made much more liberal—some critics describe it as more socialistic— than would have been the case had Representative Lemke stayed out of the political picture. He has the backing of Father Coughlin, the Detroit radio priest, and his nation al union for social justice and h# has the backing of the remnants of the late Huey Long’s share-the- wealth adherents. In addition, the Townsend $200-a-month pension fol lowers will he found behind Lemke to some extent. I have observed these third par ty movements many times before and usually they have failed to live up to expectations. They nearly always have developed fights among, themselves because the very nature of and the very reason for their existence lies in their varied conceptions of what govern ment ought to be or ought to do. Their sincerity precludes them usually from compromise and when politicians refuse to compro mise, their organization, whatever it may be, naturally disintegrates. This may be the year when the leftist segment will stick together and if it does, it naturally threat ens Mr. Roosevelt’s success. I con fidently expect to see overtures seeping out from New Deal sources in sn effort to placate some of the Lemke followers. It is a logical piece of strategy for the New Deal ers to seek to wean these recalci trant folks from the third party. • • • The European disturbances con tinue apace. It is a situation that is extremely in- Trouble terestmg and one in Europe th ** probubly will unfold as the weeks go by. In curious ways I say curious because to us m Amer ica. it has been rather difficult to understand the meaning of many of the maneuvers that followed the outright subjugation of Ethiopia by the power thirsty Mussolini of Italy. Word that comes rather direct from inner councils in Europe in dicates s tremendous fear on the part of Italy and France about German plans. The British like wise are displaying nervousness and the present alliances und com binations of power existing in Eu rope are none too stable. It is < just possible that Germany's Hitler may, by his present activities, force a new cementing ot these al liances and understandings among other powers but at this time there is no mistaking the fact that Eu rope. outside of Germany, is a bundle of nerves. It seems that the basis for this nervousness is rooted in the clever scheming of Dr. Hjalmar Schacht. | who is something of an economic dictator under Hitler. Dr. Schacht is a brilliant negotiator. He un derstands economics, trade and finance as well as any man in Eu rope today and when you couple such knowledge with diplomatic keenness, you obviously have a man capable of accomplishing results. Dr. Schacht is employing the methods he knows best, namely, economic understandings, in mak ing new connections with central European power and the Balkan states. » * • In the case of Italy, an eco nomic weapon in the hands of Oer- . . , many might easi- Italy» ly prove disas- Case trous because Ita ly virtually ex hausted her gold reserve in the late war and her government can not go on much longer in furnish ing purchasing power for her peo ple. France has been able to open certain markets to the little en tente and to the Balkans and has, in addition, provided some finan cial aid. Thus, when Dr. Schacht pats the neighbors of Germany, on the back and points out where markets can be made for them in Germany, France and Italy quickly develop cases of jitters. It seems that Austria and Hun gary cannot depend fully on Italian markets because of the low gold reserve in Italy. In the meantime as well, France has been losing millions in gold as her own do mestic situation has been em broiled in a political whirlpool. The Austrians and the Hungarians and some of the other central Euro peans recognize that unless France gets straightened out, there will not be purchasing power available there for their surplus produce 3o, Dr. Schacht is cultivating whal appears from this distance to b« a fertile field. C Wtsuru N*w»i,aj*r