The Barnwell people-sentinel. (Barnwell, S.C.) 1925-current, June 25, 1936, Image 2
The Barnwell People-Sentinel, Barnwell S. C„ Thursday, June 25, 1936
News Review of Current
t Events the World Over
ff'.
Landon Is Republican Nominee—Britain May Alter Sane*
lions Policy—Mussolini Makes Sweeping
Changes in Cabinet.
' - By EDWARD W. PICKARD
C Wemern Newspaper Union.
I N ONE of the greatest demonstra
tions of popular acclaim In the his
tory of American polities, Gov. Alfred
M. Landon was nominated for Presi
dent of the United
States by the lie pub
lican national conven
tion meeting In Cleve
land.
Nominated on the
first ballot, Governor
Landon received the
unprecented number of
984 out of a possible
1,003 votes. The nom-
(nation was made
unanimous. Although
Gov. Landon ^ name ^ad not been
placed In nomination. Senator William
E. Borah of Idaho received 19 votes,
Including 18 from the Wisconsin dele
gallon and one from West Virginia.
Col. Frank Knox of Chicago, pub
lisher of the Chicago Dally News, was
nominated for Vice President on the
ticket, receiving the unanimous vote
of the delegates.
Party unity and harmony were the
watchwords of the delegates. The ac
tion of the three other leading candi
dates for the Presidential nomination—
Col. Frank Knox of Chicago, Senator
Arthur Vandenberg of Michigan and
Senator Borah—In withdrawing In Lan-
don’s favor paved the way for a mili
tant and united front In the coming
campaign by the Republican party.
The convention adopted a platform
of “Americanism,” pledging a broad
farm relief program, repeal of recip
rocal tariff bargaining, the elimination
of monopolies and opposition to Amer-
fcan entry Into the League of Nations
and the World court.
Condemning “waste and extrava
gance” of the Democratic administra
tion, the platform declares for economy
by reduced expenditures and for a bal
anced budget. Adequate relief for the
unemployed and co-operation of the
states is provided. The platform de
mands the repeal of the present social
security program for a simplified “pay-
as-you-go” old-age pension plan. With
out proposing a constitutional amend
ment, It pledges support to states’ min
imum wage and working hour laws,
abolition of sweatshops and child la
bor, Improvement of working condi
tions and the rigid of labor to bargain.
It calls for restoration and mainte
nance of the merit system in civil serv
ice, regulation of business by a tribunal
whose actions would he subject to
court review and federal supervision
of Interstate utilities.
The platform demands adequate na
tional defense, rigid of free enterprise
■without competition by government,
free speech, pledges care ^f the vet
erans and calls for efforts to collect
the defaulted war debts.
Governor Landon in a telegram read
to tlie convention by his campaign
manager, John Hamilton, placed his
own interpretation on certain planks in
the platform. Under the title of labor
he advocated a Constitutional amend
ment permitting the states to adopt
legislation necessary to protect women
and children In the matter of maximum
hours, minimum wages and working
conditions, provided it is not imssible
to do so under the Constitution us it
now stands.
He likewise advocated a currency ex
pressed In terms of gold and convert
ible into gold, adding: “I recognize,
however, that this requisite must not
he made until and unless It can he done
■without penalizing our domestic econ
omy and without Injury to our produc
ers of agricultural products ami other
raw materials."
Concerning the merit system in civil
service, lie suggested that it should
include every position In the adminis
trative service below the rank of as
sistant secretaries of major depart
meiits and should cover the entire Lost
Othce department.
Mussolini
I N A long expected cabinet shake-up
in Italy. Premier Mussolini gave out
three of Ids eight portfolios. There
are 15 posts in the cabinet. II Duce ap
pointed his son-in law.
Count Galeazzo Ciano,
as foreign minister.
Ciano, only thirty-
three, ts the worlds
youngest foreign min
ister. He moved up
s from the cabinet post
of propaganda. Mus
solini also gave iqi
the ministries of colo
nies and <. irporations.
these posts going re
spectively to Ferruc-
cia Lantinl and Alesandro Lessona.
Count Cianos former ministry was
taken by Dlo.io Altieri. Giuseppe P.is-
tianinl, ambassador to Poland, was
made undersecretary for foreign af
fairs. He is only thirty-seven.
The action of II Duce gave rise to
talk of hi« successor. Observers point
ed out that because of the importance
of the post of foreign, minister. Ciano
is believed to be in closest succession
to Mussolini.
Elsewhere in the world governments
were experiencing changes. In Nica
ragua, Dr. Carlos Brenes Jarquln, com-
pleting the tinexpited term of the de
posed President, Dr. Juan B. Sacusa,
announced his cabinet. The cabinet
Included Dr. Luis Mannel Debayle,
minister of foreign relations; Dr. Ge-
ronlmo Ramirez Brown, prime minis
ter; Jose Roman Gonzales, minister of
public works; Benito Ramirlz, minister
of finance; Dr, Lorenzo Guerrero, min
ister of education; Dr. Roberto Gon
zalez, minister of health ; Dr. Alejandro
Sequelra Rivas, shriltary director.
T, .ARGER loaves of bread at no In-
*- / crease In price to the consumer
were being offered by leading baking
company chains selling their product
In large cities of the United States. One
company increased the size of Its 10
cent loaf by 25 per cent, and another
by 15 per cent The saving to com-
sumers was made possible by the liv-
validation of the AAA processing tax,
according to an official of a baking
company. The tax was 30 cents a
bushel on wheat, he said, and was re
flected In an increase of from $1.28 to
$1.40 a barrel for flour.
At the same time, the threat of a
possible potato famine, due to drouth
that Is seriously curtailing crops In the
Southeast, caused uneasiness among
housewives. Prices rose precipitately,
but eased off, because Immediate de
mand from consumers declined. The
seriousness of the situation was re
flected in reports from the crop divi
sion of the Department of Agriculture
that unless rains fell soon an acute
shortage will boost the price of pota
toes. The carry-over Jhis year was
small, It was revealed, and Maine re
ported only 100 carloads of last year’s
holdover on hand. While weather con
ditions up to the middle of July will
determine the extent of the shortage, it
was believed by farm experts that the
later crops will meet the August and
September demands.
John Hays
Hammond
A fter set
which 1,<
■tiling a general strike in
,000.000 workers had par
alyzed the industrial life of France,
the new “popular front" government
under Premier Leon Blum was faced
with further difficulties in the form of
a series of new strikes. Although the
government had toiled day and night
trying to adjust disputes and thougn
most of the demands of strikers had
been satisfied by employers, there was
a smaller return to work than had
been expected. It was reported that
as fast as strikes In some industries
were settled, others were affected.
The extent of the permanent ravages
which will be left in tlie wake of this
upheaval will only become apparent
later on. Some observers predicted
that private Industry would be forced
into bankruptcy so as to secure oper
ation by tbe state. But whether Pre
mier Blum and h'19 "popular front”
government were prepared for such ex
treme measures was not at all certain
T HE Supreme Court of Illinois up
held the constitutionality of tlie
state’s fair trade act in a decision af
firming the opinion of the Cook Coun
ty Circuit court The court held that
Carl W. McNeil, in the liquor business
in Chicago, eonhl not sell his product
at less than the wholesale list price.
Said the opinion:
“The fair trade act has for Its ma
jor objective tbe preservation and pro
tection of property Interests of the pro
ducer and his distributors In the good
will represented by brands, trade
marks and trade esmes."
D EATH came to John Hays Ham
mond, eighty-one, internntionaKly-
famed mining engineer, economist and
writer, at his home at Gloucester,
Mass. He had lived a
life high in adventure
and rich in experi
ences. He.was a friend
and confidant of
Theodore Roosevelt,
Mark Twain, H. Rider
Haggard, CecThRbodes
and many other fig
ures celebrated in
world history In tbe
past half century.
Mr. Hammond was
born in San Francisco,
California, in 1855
where his parents settled after the
Mexican war in which his father
served as a major. It <vas the ef^a of
tlie spectacular California gold rush.
He watched miners pan for gold dust'
as a boy. After graduation from Yale
he set himself up as a mining engi
neer. Soon he visited the west coast
of Mexico, believing it could be devel
oped as a mining country.
He became known as an expert Judge
of mining property and wag sent .to
South Africa by “Barney” Hamato, i
great speculator of the last century. |
Hammond experienced some romantic :
adventures including an acrimonious ;
encounter with Paul Kruger, president |
of the Transvaal republic who sen- |
tenced him to be hanged and relented :
only on 'tlie Intervention of tlie secre- !
tary of state.
After developing mining property in |
many parts of the world, Mr. Ham- j
mond was appointed by President Taft i
in 1911 as special ambassador and per- |
sbnal representative at tlie coronation
of King George V.
BRISBANE
THIS WEEK
One Big Shot Convicted
The M&ny Laugh
Roman Tjrtfimph, New Style I
Storms, Floods, Twisters f
Tbe kind of "Justice” supposed to
•‘terrify” crime In this country Is very
amusing justice:
confined to the na
tional government.
Murderers, kidnap
ers and other rack
eteers are Jailed,
not for their crimes
against society, but
for failure to pay
income tax. The
felon Is jailed for
failure to divide his
criminal earnings
with his govern
ment.
A change from
this program is due
to Special Prosecu
tor Dewey, who, before Supreme Court
Justice McCook, In New York city, has
convicted a “topnotch racketeer,” as
Mr. Dewey calls him—Charles (“Lucky”)
Luciano. He and eight vice-ring asso
ciates are convicted on 62 counts, that
may entail prison sentences of 1,240
years for “Lucky” and each associate.
Arthur Brlabanc
This Is an actual conviction
crime, not for taxqodglng.
for
In this world, many laugh and a few
do things. Fulton said he would run
a boat up the Hudson river by steam ;
crowds gathered to laugh.
When it was suggested early in this
century that men would soon fly, suc
cessfully, millions laughed.
Had It been suggested that an army
officer would cross the continent “flying
blind” In a hooded cabin, seeing noth
ing, guided by a scientific “radio beam,”
the laughs would ha*ve been louder; but
that Is what Major Eaker, of the army
air corps, has Just done. If you should
say now that giant ships will fly around
this earth, up In the stratosphere,
above clouds and storms, carrying thou
sands of passengers, dropping them at
their various destinations In smaller
ships, “around the world in 48 hours
or less," there would be more laugh
ter hut It would be foolish laughter.
What men can Imagine they can do, and
more.
General Badoglio, who was sent by
Mussolini to take over Ethiopia, and
did so, celebrated his triumph In-Rome,
Mussolini and the Italian king, now
emperor of Ethiopia, assisting.
The triumphant general, named vice
roy of Ethiopia by Mussolini, who sur
prised the world with the swiftness of
lis conquest, led his troops, burned by
the tropical stiff, I!fi(Ter* the victory arch
>f Constantine to the tomb of the un
known soldier of the big war.,
“Storms kill nine in Oklahoma and
Kansas; tornadoes, floods and lightning
muse havoc," so runs the headline, and
so other headlines have been running
for months past. Hail ruins crops;
lightning bolts kill-three; “twisters,"
‘hose powerful, revolving windstorms,
lift up and knock down little houses.
The sultan of Suln is dead on the Is
land of Jolo, now only sultan in name.
Once, as spiritual and temporal head,
fie ruled all the Mohammedans of the
Suiu archipelago.
The death of this former ruler. Ja-
mriiul Klram, recalls an interesting In
cident following tlie Spanish war. Ja-
nialul, good Mohammedan, did not
think he should deal with this nation,
on account of Its religion. He was
soothed by an official statement that
the United States had no official re
ligion whatever.
ck infest se
dor organization, te^Is candidates:
“You cannot join unless you are a na
tive-born, white, Protestant gentile;
willing to proceed against negroes.
Catholics and Jews.” To “proceed
against” means to murder,
Tlie Federal Council of the Churches
of Christ in America, a Protestant or
ganization. says It is shameful for the
Black Legion to use tlie word “Pro
testant," and blasphemous to use the
name "God Almighty."
Sir Samuel Hoare had to leave the
British cabinet because lie oppose^ tlie
foolishness of sending a great British
fleet into tlie Mediterranean to protect
Haile Selassie, not protecting him in
tiie least.
Now. Sir Samuel Hoare is back in
.he British cabinet, “tbe king pleased
to appoint him.” This means, prob-
ibly, that the futile League of Nations’
“sanctions” effort to coerce Mussolini
will be dropped. Many things are eus-
.er than coercing Mussolini.
Why do Americans swallow eagerly
anything in the way of foreign made 1
go'Hls, especially if they come from the
friendly British islands?
British merchants advert'se proudly
“Made in Great Britain.” Every Eng
lishman urges “Buy British." Ameri
cans seern proud If they can advertise
’Made in England” or "Made In
France.” Perhaps our goods are In
ferior but every American makes his
money here—why not back our own
people?
More killing, bombing, shooting In
Palestine. Arabs refusing to discontin
ue strildr^nd killings, even at tbe re
quest of their own leaders.
C Kins Festum Syrnllcat*. Ine.
WNU ScrvkM.
National Topics Interpreted
by William Bruckart
National Press Building: Washington, D. C.
Washington.—I have received a let
ter from a reader In my home state of
Missouri, propound-
Onr - ing a very timely lu-
Public Debt Quiry concerning the
public debt of the
United States. It is timely for more
than one reason. The United States
government operates on a fiscal year
running from July 1 to the next June
30 and we are, therefore, Just abqut
to close another fiscal year. A second
reason why this Inquiry is timely re
lates to the size of the present public
debt, almost $32,000,000,000.
Our public debt has surged higher
than normal during two periods of the
last twenty years and the course of the
debt, therefore, is one with which most
mature persons are more or less fa
miliar. But it remains as a fact that,
while most people are Informed con
cerning the total of the national debt,
they have not had opportunity to learn
exactly what it means to the indi
vidual.
Treasury transactions, as a, whole,
are rather difficult to understand and
since tbe sums in which government
figures now run are so huge,~fKe gen
eral attitude of individuals is to let the
thing pass as a matter for expert at
tention. It ought not to be so. The
public debt Is a matter of direct con
cern to every one of us and that Is a
further reason why the Inquiry men
tioned above is Important.
I have often wondered whether Indi
viduals, in considering whatever obli
gations they have in the form of debt,
take into account the fact that the
public debt actually is a commitment
against you and me and everyone else
Persons who have not so thought of
the public debt, probably will be
shocked to learn that In addition to
'their obligations thnj have been con
tracted personally, there Is something
like $245 which, although an infinitesi
mal portion of tlie public debt, consti
tutes actually an individual-obligation.
Therefore, when any person looks at
that vague and shadowy term, “the
public debt” in this light, they cannot
help but realize that It has a very real
and personal meaning to the individual.
That enormous sum of nearly $32,000,-
000,000 must be paid off as any other
debt and the government must col
lect It from everyone who lives in this
country.
Again, the public debt may seem a
thing far removed but it is brought
home directly to each of us through
the taxes we pay and in more ways
than most of us care to admit we are
contributing that tax. So, when the
government contracts a debt and ar
ranges to pay it off, tiie only way col
lection is possible for tlie extraordinary
amount is by increasing the share of
government expenses which each of us
bears, meaning of course, an Indtease
in our'tax.
• • •
In 1857, the public debt was only
$28,700,000. In that year, each per
son’s share was only
$1.01. With the ad
vent of the Civil
war, tlie govern
ment needed funds and begun borrowing
additional amounts until In 1860 the
debt reached what In those days was a
high figure—$2,750,000,000. At that
time, each person’s share was $77.69.
Good administration and sound finan
cial policies followed and the debt was
reduced, paid off, until during the
early 1900's, tlie debt was reduced until
each person's share was something
less than $17.
Continual retrenchment was carried
on until the World war interrupted the
program and fresh borrowings were
necessary for prosecution of that
great conflict. The borrowing of the
war days carried our public debt to
a new high point of $20,504,000,000 on
August 19, 1910.
The debt, because It was a new
peak, looked insurmountable and it
was dangerously high but through the
administrations of Uresidents Harding
and Coolidge, the job of paying off tbe
debt was seriously attacked and this
program eventually resulted in reduc
tion of the debt to about $10,500,000,-
000 during tlie administration of Presi
dent Hoover.
It was from this low point that the
present debt burden has mounted and
continues to climb. The depression
reduced government Income (yom taxes
and left the treasury with a deficit in
two years of tlie Hoover regime.
The result of those deficits was to In
crease the public debt because money
had to be borrowed to pay current
running expenses. The borrowing did
not appear serious, however, either
in the last two years of tlie Hoover
administration or tlie first year of the
administration of President Roosevelt
because Mr. Roosevelt had pledged the
country during his campaign to econo
mize In every direction. It was his
promise that he would curtail expendi
tures by one-fourth and therefore make
the outgo and income of the govern
ment approximately the same.
Instead of that course, Mr. Reosevelt
Initiated tlie present program of ex
penditures in huge amounts. The first
idan called for the use of vast sums
for expenditure by the government in
the belief that the paying out of pub
lic money would revive Industry and
that Industry, once on Its feet, would
again yield profit and that profit would
Ia turn produce taxes for the govern-
Some
History
ment Then came the public relief
programs for which larger sums—to
be exact, $3,500,000,000 In one year and
$4,880,000,000 in another year—were
appropriated and spent Thus, we see
In the last three years that the debt
of the nation has grown from approx
imately $21,000,000,000 to approximate
ly $32,000,000,000, and each person’s
share, as stated previously, is about
$245.
• • •
Now, the figures here set out tell
much more of a story than Just that
an enormous and in-
Tell the comprehensible num-
Story her of dollars have
been spen^, millions
of them needlessly. They tell more of
a story, Indeed, than just the fact that
within another year there will havs
been approximately $3,000,000,000 more
expended and that the debt then will
have been Increased something like
$13,000,000,000 since the Roosevelt cam
paign of spending began.
To understand the situation In which
the United States government and,
therefore, the people, find themselves.
It might be better to picture what
would happen to an Individual In the
same circumstance. Hundreds of thou
sands of individuals are In debt but
nearly all of them seriously try
avoid getting In debt beyond their
capacity to pay off their obligations.
If sickness or poor crops or poor busi
ness or any one of many other afflic
tions overtake that Individual, even
though his personal debts might be
liquidated under normal conditions, he
is—well, he just sinks.
Our government differs from that In
dividual only in the fact thgt its citizens
regard the government’s credit as
virtually limitless. It can continue to
borrow and people will accept govern
ment bonds In exchange for their
money for quite a while. But let us
attempt to visualize in our mind’s eye
what would happen should our govern
ment be called upon to meet some ex
traordinary conditions that would lie
comparable to the loss of a Job by the
Individual who Is In debt.
Just how would our government
meet the requirements of another war,
for example? Just how would It be
able to care for the destitute and the
Jobless, for another example, if our
economic conditions would go into an
other tailspin and we would find our-
sel\ es tn"tlTldrfTCT"depression? The an
swer seems fairly obvious.
So, I cannot hejp asking which is
the wiser policy—to prepare for future
emergencies or to indulge in reckiesi
spending, with no thought beyond the
present?
• • •
It seems to me that the Roosevelt
administration has followed tlie latter
course on the optl-
Too mistlc base, entirely
Optimistic too optimistic it ai>-
pearsand hasplunged
this country too deeply Into debt;
I do not mean to imply that govern
ment securities are not good any
longer. Far from it. 1 maintain that
as long as our money is any good, our
government’s bonds are good. Yet,
It must be apparent to every thinking
person that we cannot continue to
spend nt the rate that marks the last
three years.
I prefer, as against the present
spending policies, the policies of Pres
ident, Andrew Jackson, who fought al
ways against excessive costs of gov
ernment ; who demanded consistently
that tlie expense of government be
raised regularly for each year's pay
ments and that there lie a little extra
put away for the proverbial rainy day
when the government was called upon
for emergency payments. The policies
of Andrew Jackson were so effective
that during his administration in 1837.
tlie public debt was wiped out and
there was actually ca^ii iu tlie treasury
besides.
Supporters of the present spending
policies will say, of course, that the
public debt of those days was In nrt
way comparable to that of 1936. That
is true but neither were the resources
of tlie United States in those days
comparable to the resources and the
wealth producing capacity of the pres
ent-day United States. Likewise, the
population of tlie United States in An
drew Jackson’s term in tlie White
House was only a mere handful com
pared to the nearly 1450,000,000 of 1930.
So, answering tlie inquiry as to what
tlie public debt means to the individual
citizen, tiie answer must be a relation
of the fact that his family’s share as
we start a new fiscal year In the gov
ernment approximates $1,000. It means,
further, that through one form of tax
or another, that individual Is helping
to pay tlie Interest of more than $710,-
000,000 every year. It means, In addi
tion, that his government Is In a
position for the first time in the lives
of most persons now living where It
would face extreme difficulty were It
-called upon to defend our country In
war or meet a fresh emergency like
that through which we have been pass
ing. Lastly, since government debts
in the United States are held to be
honorable debts and not to be repudi
ated, none of us can avoid conimanda
from that government In the future to
dig deeper and deeper in the old pocket
lor the payment of taxes.
G Wcsiora Nawayapar Unloa.
Foreign Words
and Phrases
Ad astra. (L.) To the stars (te
exalted place or state).
A fortiori (L.) By a stronger rea*
son; all the more.
Cogito, ergo sum. (L.) I think,
therefore I am.
Egalite. (F.) Equality.
In totldem verbis. (L.) In so many
words.
Quien sabe? (Sp.) Who knee's?
That. Is, I do not know, or do not
care to say.
SIste, viator. (L.) Stop, traveler.
Tiers etat. (F.) Third estate, the
common people.
Venl, vide, vid. (L.) I came, I
saw, I conquered.
Sic semper tyrannls. (L.) Thus
ever to tyrants.
Vade mecum. (L.) Go with me;
constant companion.
Week’s Supply of Poatum Free
Read the offer made by the Postum
Company in another part of this pa
per. They will send a full week’s sup
ply of health giving Postum free to
anyone who writes for It—Adv.
Noiselctt House
At Bad Blankenburg, a German
health resort has been erected a
silentarlum, a house built of mate
rials which exclude noise. Cockcrows,
church bells, barking dogs and street
noises have been overcome.
Quick, Safe Relief
For Eyes Irritated
k: By Exposure
To Sun Wind
a n d Dust —
l* EYES
Another Hand
On the sea of matrimony the hand
that rocks tlie cradle Isn't the hand
that rocks the boat.
STOP PAIN QUICK
WITH CAPUDINE
Headache, neuralgic, and periodic
pains and other nerve pains yield
almost instantly to Cppudine. This
is because Capudine is liquid, and its
ingredients are already dissolved—
all ready to act.
Capudine relieves pain by soothing
the tense muscles and nerves. That
is why it is so gentle and effective.
It is approved by physicians and
druggists. Capudine contains no
opiates. At all drug stores; 60c. 30c,
10c sizes. (Adv.)
Ability and Discretion
Great ability without discretion
comes almost invariably to a tragic
end.—Gamhetta.
lotah
i
For BRUasnoos, tour Stomach,
Flatulonco, Nausoa and Sick
Hoadacbo, duo to Constipation.
Blemishes
IVIade Her
Old Looking
1
Face Clear Again with
Cuticura Soap and Ointment
Here is a letter every skin sufferer
should read. Its message is vital.
“There were blemlsj>es on my face,
of external origin, and they made me
look old and haggard. They were
red. hard and large. They would
hurt, and when I scratched them the
skin would become irritated, and I
would He awake at night and start
digging at my face.
"But after using two caJjes of
Cuticura Soap and one tin of Cuti
cura Ointment my face was cleared
again.” (Signed) Mrs. L. Whetzler,
2nd St., Floreffe, Pa., June 15, 1935.
Physicians can understand such
letters. The Cuticura formulas have
proved their effectiveness for over
half a century. Remember, Cuticura
Soap and Ointment are also for pim
ples, rashes, ringworm, burning of
eczema and other externally caused
skin blemishes. All druggists. Soap
25c. Ointment 25c.—Adv.
Rid Yourself of
Kidney Poisons
r\0 yqu suffer burning, scanty
L' too frequent urination; backach
headache, dizziness, loss of energ
leg pains, swellings and puffin*
under the eyes? Are you tired, ner
ous—feel all unstrung and dor
know what is wrong?
Then give some thought to yo
kidneys. Be sure they function prop«
ly for functiohal kidney disorder pe
mils exce:s waste to stay in the bloo
and to pc Ison and upset the who
system.
Use Doan's Pills. Doan's are for tf
kidneys only. They are recommend*
the world over. You can get the get
uine, time-tested Doen's at any dm
store.
Doan spills