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The Barnwell People-SentineU Barnwell, 3. C- Thursday, June 11, 1936 \brisbane THIS WEEK TLc Big tl Bi«ck Legion 4 * More and Better Babie* A Worried Elmpire U. S. Dollars Emigrate The “ritual” of the murderous secret ■oclety called the “Black Legion” con- tains some old “Know « Nothing” features. The can didate for admis sion must be “will ing to commit mur der. to proceed against Catholics, Jews and Negroes”; he must he “native born, Protestant, white and gentile.'’ The “Black le gion,” which prob- ably will not last long, had ambitious Arthur ItrlMbsW p , a „ „ Among other things It proposed to overthrow the federal government, which Is not an original Idea. It was also going to set up a dictatorship, with night-rldlng regiments to enforce discipline. Dic tatorship Is not a new Idea, either. Strange things are done or planned In the name of “liherty" now, as they were when Madam Boland mounted the guillotine platform. Russia wants bigger families, like Mussolini and others with “plans." Stalin wants plenty of new little citl- rens. A thousand million rubles will be set aside by Moscow to “subsidize large families and old mothers." Birth con trol Indies and gentlemen will hear, surprised, that aid to large families will begin after the seventh child. Seven are taken as a matter of course; that Is Just the beginning of a Russian family. Chancellor Hitler of Germany Joins In the “more and better babies" cry. The German Ideal Is no longer the beautiful golden-haired Margaret, spin ning her wheel and saying '“No.” The Nazis demand women who, “above everything else, can become the moth ers of several children," and are will ing to do so, uccoiding to a representa tive of Chancellor Hitler. William Philip Simms, English, Is afraid the British empire may not sur vive, on account of "air tleet peril.” Britain is disturbed by the thought that her whole Imperial line of com munication, stretching t.tHto miles from the Straits of Gibraltar to the Gulf of Aden, Is under Mussolini’s bombing planes. Except that her empire is the biggest, England should not worry •more than other countries. With sur face ships losing all importance, except in the opinions of some Americans, anybody’s bombers can break up any line of communications temporarily. “Americans Investing huge sums In the Bahamas, to escape income tax,” eays the New York Times, big type, front page. Americans have been “Investing huge sums" elsewhere, outside of the United States. Billions of American money have gone to Canada, England and other “foreign parts.” More will go. In all the Bahamas. 4.403 square miles of beautiful territory, there is no Income tax. Think of that for a happy country. Needless to say. If enough Ameri can money pours in to make it worth while the Intelligent British will find a way to tax It. Germany has proved the "48 hours- frqmEurope-to-America” possibility, with America looking on. Now England is rushing prepara tions for a line of heavier-than-air planes to tly between England and America, starting in a few months, and the Erench, preparing a similar line, are negotiating for a half-way harbor at the Azores. The southern route was said to be the wisest by Lindbeigh, shortly after his great flight. Many Frenchmen are disturbed and puzzled by the situation in Europe, and General Mordacq, close associate, of Clemenceau in the war, discusses the question, ‘ What would Clemenceau do if he could come back?" France feels the need ol “a man with a fist.” tin hnmme a poigne. and Clemenceau was that kind Concerning that fine old lighter from the Vendee, it is safe to sa\ that if he came back, lie. would hasten prepara tions for another war. But he would not have* waited until now News Review of Current * Events the World Over Serious Labor Troubles in Many States—Moley Warns the Administration—Municipal Bankruptcy Act Is Held Invalid. By EDWARD W. PICKARD Q Western Newspaper Union. C'ACTORIES and farms In ^5 states, in all parts of the Union, were af fected by labor troubles which Inter mediaries were trying In vain to settle. Leaders of organized labor claimed that from 30,000 to 45,0fl^itrlker« al ready were out, but emplbyers chal lenged the union claims that the strikes' were effective. Workers In six plants of Remington Rand, Inc., were out on strike after union leaders ordered a walkout at. Syracuse, N. Y. They said 6,000 work ers In the company’s New York, Ohio and Connecticut plants were Involved. Company officials asserted there were 4,200 affected. Six thousand barbers In lower Man hattan, New York, were ordered to Join 3,000 others In a strike which had. spread over a wide area of Manhattan, the Bronx and Brooklyn. Striking seamen In New York were said to number 7,000 and there was a good deal of trouble over their efforts to picket the piers and the home of Mayor La Guardia. Two hundred office workers and com pany police In Portsmouth, Ohio, were besieged In the strike-closed plant of the Wheeling Steel corporation; and in Akron, Ohio, employees of the Good year Tire and Rubber company were arrested for violating an antl-rlot law. In other states the union leaders thus estimated the number on strike: Arkansas—Three thousand tenant farmers. California—One thousand celery field workers. Oregon and Washington—Seven thoo sand loggers. Wisconsin — Twenty-five hundred workers In various Industries. * Minnesota—About ?>00 millwrights, fur and cereal workers. Indiana—About 175 in various Indus tries. Iowa—One hundred employees of the Burch Biscuit company in Dos Moines. South Dakota—Three hundred butch ers at Morrell packing plant, Sioux Falls. Nebraska—One hundred highway workers. \ Texas—Sixty two power plant work ers at El Paso. Vermont—Two hundred marblq work ers near Rutland. Marshal Badoglio, who cleaned up Ethiopia so swiftly, has been called to Rome, perhaps as part of a wise plan not to let anybody grow too big, like the tree Igdrasil, supposed to have its roots in hell, its topmost brunches In heaven Raymond Moley R aymond moley, who used to be considered the chief of the “brain trust,” fears that his friend President Roosevelt may be destroyed politically by the radicals within the Democratic party who at the same time would “destroy moder ation and destroy the very system which he attempted to Improve.” In a speech before the National Economy league In New York. Doctor Moley said lie saw confronting the Roosevelt administra tion these dangers: 1. That federal re lief agencies will he turned into politi cal machines to perpetuate the rule of state and local politicians. 2. The tendency," “all too prevalent In this congress, to engage in muck raking, marauding expeditions which destroy the liherty of all of the peo ple while they seek to restrain the abuses of a few. These orgies of pub lic castigation . . . may he means nt furthering individual political ambi tions, they may be build ups for those with Presidential hankerings, but so far ivs the public Interest Is concerned they are simply sound amKfury.” 3 The tendency “of those In charge of the New Deal to over-empha size adherence to the belief In the philosophy of the movement and to minimize the Importance of. competent technical administration.’’ Doctor Moley defended capitalism. declared that already there has been a wide distribution of wealth In this country, rind warned the average ma’» that he eventually must pay the mount ing hills for relief—that lie is ttie “mis sionary being fattened for a cauni balistic feast.” A new comet now approaching us, discovered by and named for L c. Pel- tier, amateur astronomer, who works In u garage, will he the first comet visible to the naked eye since 1!L’7. Germany cut oil the head of a sixty- live year-old man convicted of killing J2 boys. Before death, “examined’’ by Nazi officials who thought he might be a ('ommunist. he admitted many other murders. He u»ed a secret poison that doctors could not detect. C Kins features Syndicate, lac. WNU Service. F IVE Justices of the United States Supreme court held Invalid the rnu nicipal bankruptcy act of 1U34, declar Ing It to be at. unwarranted invasion of state sovereignty. Four Justices dis Rented, these being Chief Justice Hughes ami Justices Stone. Braudels and Cnrdozo. The majority opinion was written by Justice James U. Me Reynolds. The case was brought by bondholders ot a water Improvement district In Texas. The municipal bankruptcy act was designed to permit cities and other po litical subdivisions which found them selves in financial straits to effect a composition, with the approval of two- thirds of the bondholders or other creditors, whereby the Indebtedness could lie readjusted, scaled down, or. as Mr. Justice MeKeynolds put it, “re pudialed." nouncement revealing that $2,050,754, 416 of government securities will be offered the middle of June. This (inane Ing calls for an even billion dollare of new money, In addition to the $1,050,754,416 required to meet matur ing obligations. S ENATOR Rt)BINSON’S resolution authorizing the continuance of the Florida ship canal and Passamaquoddj tide harnessing projects was favora bly reported by the senate commerc* committee after Mr. Robinson had told the members the administration want ed the schemes kept alive as work re lief measures. Senator Vandenberg of Michigan warned the majority leaders they had better not bring the resolution up In the senate If they really wanted ad Journment by June 6, for he had 21 amendments to offer and each one would lead to prolonged debate. Robinson’s resolution authorizes the President to appoint two boards of three engineers each to examine and make reports upon surveys that have already been made of the two projects. They would have to report to the Pres- idept by June 20 of this year. “PRANK O. LOWDEN of UllnoN ^ will be the choice of the Repub lican convention for, President If be will accept the nomination.” That was the confi dent prediction of a po litical observer who Is usually well informed and close to sources of national party news He declared there was a steadily growing de mand from many parts of the Union for the nomination of the for mer governor of Illl nols, who always has been popular wltn farmers and whoso qualities of statesmanship are recog nized generally throughout the coun try. Mr. Lowden Is vigorous and hale, and he Is always actively Interested In the welfare of his state and nation especially in the problems of the agri culturist. Frank O. Lowden T HE United States treasury will un derlake the biggest peace time bor rowing operation In the nation’s his tory, Secretary of the Treasury Mur georhau disclosed In an official an C ONGRESSMAN TINKHAM of Mas sachusetts Is one of those Repub licans who think the chances of their party for victory in November would be enhanced if a coalition with disaf fected Democrats were formed and the ticket shared with them. "The country Is facing as great a crisis as It faced In the Civil war, ’ he said. “This involves the very char acter of the government of the United States. The question Is, ‘Are the gov ernment and the Institutions of the United Slates to remain American or become European or Asiatic?’ “This crisis Is so great that It should elimlnaJe all party lines, and the Re publicans should nominate as Vice President a Democrat. 1 suggest tha’ they nominate Alfred E. Smith.” F OR the third time Norman Thomas is the iTesidential nominee of the Socialist party. He was selected at the national convention In Cleveland, Ohio, and George Nelson of Wisconsin was put In second place on the ticket. There was a great demonstration after the voice vote, but It was not Joined In by the right wing leaders from several eastern states who were angered by the seating of a leftist delegation from New Jork. The disaffected ones threat ened to form another party. PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT starts on * his trip to Arkansas, Texas and In dlana on June 8, and he told the cor respondents It would not he a political tour. His speeches, he said, would be historical, dealing with early days In the three states. He has no slightest intention of stealing the show from the Republican national convention. Mr. Roosevelt planned this trip some time ago so that lie might take a ernise along the Maine coast line late in June with Ids sons. A RABS of Palestine, rebelling against British protection of Jew ish Immigration, are causing Britain a lot of trouble. Englls.i soldiers fought real battles with the Arabs In several localities, and Jews throughout the Holy Land were arming themselves In self defense. Casualties In the fight ing were few. but the situation was se serious that Sir Arthur Wauchope. Brit ish high commissioner, asked the gov eminent for more troops. E DWARD A. FILKNR. Boston mer chant, announced his withdrawal from Hie United States Chamber of Commerce, severely criticizing Its fail ure "to study business In a business way" and to "substitute fact-finding re search for opinion as a guide to de cisions concerning the needs of %ust tiess In general—even as opposed, pos sibly, to the ambitions of special In terests.” Mr. Fllene has been a consistent aup- imrter of President Roosevelt’s admin istration, and the Chamber of Com merce has been Increasingly critical of the New Deal v.-’ • y.-. s - ■ 1 Lson Blum L EON BLUM, slderly and ratber fragile leader of the French So cialists, will soon bo premier of his country, and bo Is going to have a hard time living np to tbe expectations ot all the leftists, whq[ are making a national hero of him. The oth er day hundreds of thousands of French rods and pinks marched behind Blum or stood cheering on tbe sidelines, and pic tures of- the leader were carried In the ranks or sold by hawk ers Id the crowds. This was on the occasion of tbe traditional memorial ceremony In Pere Lachalse cemetery for the Marxist martyrs of the Paris Commune in 187L M. Blum la said to be watching close ly his publicity in the United States since bis speech In which he Intimated a desire to agree with Washington on the elimination of war debt discus sions. He la hoping to be able to ob tain loans from New York bankers. Tbe Johnson law is naturally an In surmountable obstacle to France’s ob taining any kind of credit In America, but as the Paris Midi pointed out Blum went out of hla way to declare that France has not forgotten the war debt and fully expects to bring It np for discussion some time in tbe fqtnre. O N JUNE 15 tbe bonus baby bonds will be mailed to 45,000 post of fices from Washington and from tbe eleven federal reserve centers. Final plana for delivering tbe bonds to tbe veterans were announced by Postmas ter Genera] Farley, who predicted that payment on a great majority of them would be made within one week. Mall carriers have been given In structions to “go out of their way wherever necessary with a view to ef fecting delivery,” Farley said. The bond packets must be delivered to the veteran in person, and not to another person or firm at the veteran’s address. “If it is Impossible to locate the vet eran to whom the bonds are addressed.” Farley continued, "they will be neld for 30 days at the post office of destina tion before being returned to the re spective federal reserve centers and thence to the Treasury department.” The bonds will be In $50 denomina tions with accompanying checks to cov er the odd amounts. To collect cash, the veteran must have his bonds certi fied through his local post office. Post offices In 241 cities have been designated as paying centers for their districts, and 50 large city offices have been empowered to pay on bonds Is sued outside their own districts. I TALIANS celebrated the anniversary of their country’s entrance into the World war with imposing ceremonies tha Included the promotion of more than half a million boys and girls In the organizations of young Fascists. Premier Mussolini presided over the “graduation,” and after reviewing a great military parade, the Duce told the shouting crowds: “The spectacle of the force of youth exhibited this morning on the anniver sary of our Intervention In the World war, the first phase of the Fascist rev olution, has been magnificent and a warning at the same time. We are preparing the young armies of tomor row for defense of the empire. Since they are animated by the Fascist spirit they will be Invincible. This is the law of the revolution. This Is the su preme will of the whole Italian people.” While his conqueror was thus en gaged, Haile Selassie, deposed em peror of Ethiopia, was embarking at Haifa, Palestine, for England, on the British destroyer Capetown. Two sons and a daughter accompanied him, but former Empress Menen remained at Jerusalem. The exiled monarch, after a visit In England, Intends to go to Paris, hoping to stiffen French resist ance to Italy In the League of Nations. He may succeed In this, for the Incom ing Socialist regime in France will endeavor to restore the league’s pres tige. T HE office of transportation co-ordl- nator, held by Joseph B. Eastman, is due to expire on June 16, but Sen ator Wheeler of Montana had ready for Introduction a res olution extending It for two years, and President Roosevelt was on record as ap proving some of its activities. It was reported In Washington that rail way management and labor, both of which have opposed some ot Eastman's doings In the past, might unite *»• B. Eastman in an effort to block extension of tbe office, but Eastman said he bad beard “nothing substantial” on that line. Kastman announced last February be would exercise bis powers to. compel railroads In 11 cities to carry out ter minal unifications as economy and effi ciency moves. He withheld tbe orders at the suggestion of President Roose velt. however, to permit rail manage- ment and labor to agree on some plan of protection for employees thrown out of work In such consolidations. C ONVERT A "TONS between Great Britain and .Russia now going on in London ^iTT have to do only with naval armaments In European waters, for the Soviet government has an nounced that It cannot consider limita tion of Its far eastern fleet while there is no similar agreement binding Japan. Shaking for the government, Karl Itadek said In the newspaper Izveatla that the Soviet union has been striv ing to conclude a separate agreement with Japan hut thus far tbe efforts have been fruitless. National Topics Interpreted by William Bruckart National Proas Building Washington, D. C. Washington.—A week or ten days ago, the name of Frank O. Lowden was scarcely whis- “Draft pered around where Lowdtn” politicians foregath ered. They talked about the forthcoming Republican Na tional convention and Shey mentioned Governor Landon of Kansas; Col. Frank Knox of Illinois, Sen, Arthur Vandenberg of Michigan, and others, bnt never was the name of Lowden mentioned. In'the short space of a fortnight, there has come first a whisper of the name of Lowden, then a mention of him as a possible Republican nominee and finally a full voice that approxi mates a “draft Lowden" movement A few weeks ago I reported to you In these columns thqt the prospects were very good for the Republican Na tional convention to turn to a dark horse. There was no name at that time upon which anyone could pin a prediction but there were circum stances, undercurrent In character, that seemed to point the way to the nomination of a man not then in the forefront of political prognostications. Of course, with the Republican con vention delegates pledged and un pledged here, there, and everywhere, It is possible for almost anything to happen but my Information is that the leaders desire most of all to avoid a bitter battle. They wish to avoid the very thing which New Deal political strategists have been seeking to fo ment. Only the final ballot will tell tr.e story, of course, but It does appear at this time that the Republican leader ship may display some good horse sense and seel; to accomplish a nomi nation without splitting their party wide open. This “draft Lowden” movement has come on with almost startling smlden- ness as I have indicated above. It has resulted from the fact, apparently, that Mr. Lowden, while he was governor of Illinois a number of years ago and since that time, has built up for him self a record as a friend of agricul ture. Thug t the strategy would seem to be that the Republican leadership Is turning to a man who can give Pres ident Roosevelt a run for his money in the farm belt states. As far as I know, Mr. Lowden has not been consulted respecting the nom ination. It would seem, however, that if he were nominated he would accept despite the fact that he has not sought the nomination in any way nor has he been very active in polities since he sought the nomination for the Prej^i dency in 1020. It was on that occa sion, It will be remembered, that he and the late General ..Leonard Wood fonght through Into a convention dead lock and Warren (^Harding of Ohio finally was nominated as a c<*npro- mise candidate. It is difficult to see how the con servative element in the Republican party could refuse to back Mr. Low den and it is equally difficult to see how the farm representation and the liberals In the party could withhold their support when the Lowden farm record Is considered. But all of this represents subject matter that must await convention action because, after all, there are still other candidates who have blocks of delegates behind them and they may he unwilling to withdraw unless they are satisfied with the dark horse that finally trots out onto the convention platform. • » • One hears more and more discussion la Washington these days of the tax muddle In which Tax President Roosevelt Muddle has found himself. I think It is fair to say that his prestige has suffered con siderably from the way his proposed tax Increase was handled and I think It Is the general consensus that this year’s tax bill was a proposition to which the President gave too little thought. Sometime In the future, the history of the New Deal will he written In a clear and comprehensive manner. The story then will show in retrospect that which we can hardly understand now —the good and the bad in the bewil dering adventures attempted under the policies of reform and recovery. I be lieve those who write that history will dwell upon the 11)30 tax legislation ns one of the important political weak nesses developed by Mr. Roosevelt. As far as I know, there has never been a public official who has been entirely consistent nt all times In his methods and policies. Mr. Roosevelt, being human, has been inconsistent like all of the rest and there was no reason to expect that he would he the one exception despite the fact that some of his followers maintain that he cannot make mistakes. But to link the tax legislation with the fact that Mr. Roosevelt Is human, let me call attention to the further fact that he has been bold, even daring. In many of his moves. Where his quick decisions have been sound, the coun try has been benefited. Where he has made mistakes by acting too quickly, his spokesmen hare sought to deny that there were errors. The reason 1 have called attention to Mr. Roosevelt’s mistakes on the tax legislation is chiefly to show something of a new awakening oh the part of th? general public. The way in which the senate took the tax bill that had passed the house and turned it topsy- > 4 ' tnrvy, casting out the administration’s experimental levy on corporate sur pluses, shows better than anything I can say how the voice of public opin ion again is being heard In Washing ton. The “voice of the people,” so often referred to by the politicians, was heard quite clear and strong by the senators and the result was a complete reversal of the position which the President desired them to take. • • • Now, the point Is this: If Mr. Roose velt had done as he has done on nu merous occasions, he Here*a could have avoided the Point the situation that has reacted unfavorably to him. It will be recalled that sev eral times the President has tried out his theories on various governmental problems and has studied the popular reaction to his trial balloons. He did not do this with the tax bill. He left the job of drafting the legislation to the treasury and the treasury, being populated with a number of men who bate no conception whatsoever of business practices and care little for American traditions, produced a piece of legislation that would have forever* prevented any business unit from sav ing funds to carry it through times of depression, the proverbial rainy day. In the discussions around Washing ton, it Is frequently stated that had Mr. Roosevelt taken his so-called tax experts Into a room and made them explain the character of the hill they were presenting, much of the difficulty would have been averted. But he did not use this foresight and the result Is now history. He has alienated a con siderable amount of congressional sup port that he ordinarily could have for the mere asking. As the tax legislation stands. It Is nothing more nor less than a make shift boost in rates. It has added noth ing at all to strengthen the nation's general taxaHon policies. It seems to me that the time is ripe for a general study of the tax structure with the idea In mind that a wholesale revision should take place and that scientific methods should be employed. We must not forget that we have a national debt of more than thirty-one billions and that several other billions in se curities are really to be counted In isince those obligations are guaranteed by tbe United States. That debt jnnst be paid eventually and the revenue must be raised in the only way that the federal government can get its money, namely, by taxation. The con clusion. therefore. Is inescapable that we face heavy taxation and we may as well face the music. It may be that all of the twenty-one billions in tax payments ami borrowed money which Mr. Roosevelt lias ex pended can be justified in every re spect. It may be that In future years the nation will he grateful that this era of extravagance Is a part of our history, but the fact still remains that when a government or an individual borrows money, that money must be returned to those who hold the evi dence of the debt. • • • The civil service commission lately has compiled some statistics indicating that the merit system in U. S. Pay t h e federal govern- Roll Grows mont ia being pushed ( aside nt an alarming rate. The commission's figures show how every President since Arthur in 1S83 has expanded the scope of the classified civil service during his ad ministration until the administration of President Roosevelt It would he a list much too long to record here how the number of em ployees of the federal government has increased each year ns the government has expanded but ns a matter of his tory It struck me as interesting to see how 41.5 per cent of employees of the federal government under President McKinley held their Jobs under the civil service system and laws and how Mils percentage increased to 01.5 per cent under President Taft; to 72 per cent under President Wilson; ro 7!i.,8 per cent under Presidents Harding and Coolldge, and to 80.1 per cent under President Hoover. By the end of Juno. 1035, the num ber of civil service employees in the federal government amounted to only 63.3 per cent of the total number and, while the civil service commission has not tabulated the record for this year, I understand reliably that the ratio will be about 57 per cent of the total. The total number of employees of the federal government has grown con sistently since the turn of the century when it stood at 256.000. In Taft's ad ministration. the total was 370,000. President Wilson's first administration employed 438.000 and then with th© advent of the World war the govern ment expanded its personnel to Its kighest point, 1)17,000. As the war agencies were Ilqudlnted, the number of employees declined ob viously until during the Harding and Coolidge administrations the highest point reached was 540,000. The Hoo ver administration numbered 583,000 on the pay rolls but the election ot President Roosevelt Immediately brought on greater numbers and by June 30, 1935, there were 719.000 on i he federal pay roll md this number was further Increased to 806,000 at tb« end of March this year. C Wtat«rn K«w«i>4i|>«r UsiM. ;