The Barnwell people-sentinel. (Barnwell, S.C.) 1925-current, April 02, 1936, Image 3
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The Barnwell People-Sentinel Barnwell S. C- Thursday, April 2, 1936
UNCLE SAM EASES PANAMA PAIN
New Treaty Emphasizes Isthmian Sovereigntyf^aves Way for West
ern Hemisphere Peace Parley This Summet*.
By WILLIAM C. UTLEY ,
A N ENTIRE new era of permanent peace and “good-neigh
borliness” may be opened up between the countries on the
two American continents when and if the senate ratifies the
new treaty between the United States and the Republic of
Panama which was signed in March.
Old differences which have existed between America and her
isthmian neighbor for a third of a century have been ironed out to
a great extent by the new pact. So heartening has been the news of
the new document through the Latin Americas generally, it is be
lieved that the proposed “extraordinary conference” between 21 re
publics of the Western hemisphere this^ "■ ■■
summer will be assured.
Shortly after the start of the year
President Roosevelt voiced a siiRges-
tion that a conference of these re
publics be held, to work out means of
assuring for all time the peaceful re
lations that now exist between the
United Stares and the countries of
South and Central America. Since it
began to be apparent that it. the nego
tiations with Panama that the United
States was exhibiting a liberal attitude
that had been largely absent in former
bickerings (which haveTieeri golirg orr
since 11)03), many messages of ap
proval from other governments have
been understood to have been received
in Washington.
Conference Loom* Likely.
None of the replies to the Presi
dent’s suggestion have been made pub
lic at the time of this writing, but in
governmental circles it is considered
virtually certain that the peace con
ference will take place this summer in
Buenos Aires.
Tbe attitude of Panama, as well as
that of several other Latin-Amerlcan
States was ready to loosen a little
came in October, 1033, when President
Roosevelt and President Arias of Pan
ama conversed in Washington. It
was there that the plans were laid for
the new treaty, which is characteristic
of the administration’s policy of lib
eral treaties and free trade. The
exact terms of the new pact have
never been released to the newspa
pers. but it is known that tbe theme
underlying the entire document is tbe
renunciation of the misconception that
Ta'bfltnn Is a protectorate of 4he
United States.
Point* of Accord.
Actually, tbe changes brought about
by tbe new treaty will be paper ones,
largely, with tbe exceptions of an
agreement to construct a new highway
across the isthmus and of certain com
mercial concessions by tbe United
States. Should the Mme ever come
when Panama’s independence needed
protection tbe Job would more than
likely fall to Uncle Sam for Panama
has no army, merely a police force
trained by American officers.
United States was to have jurisdic
tion over the ten-mlle-wide strip that
Is the Canal Zone, and would possess
and exercise all rights just as it
would “if It were the sovereign of the
Sir.v:;: .vX-A*: .
The U. S. S. Texas Gets a Lift Through One of the Locks.
countries toward the United States
has, for tbe last two or three decades,
been something similar to that of tbe
stripling youth who feels that be is
being “minded” altogether too closely
by his older brother, when he is per
fectly able now to look after Ids own
interests. The Roosevelt administra
tion evidently feels this attitude is
justified, it appears from the pro
visions of the new treaty.
Three points, particularly, have al
ways been sore spots in the relations
of the United States and Panama.
They grew out of the agreement of
1903, under which the United States
constructed the Panama canal, and
they are:
Our right to intervene when neces
sary to preserve the peace in Panama,
our exercise of the right of eminent
domain in acquiring auxiliary lands,
and our guarantee of Panama's inde
pendence. It is this latter provision
which has been the most pcovocativo
of “little brother” objections; Panama
citizens have always regarded this as
sumed guaranty of their independence
as an outright statement of protec
torate. \ .
Although the new treaty is the third
attempt to straighten out the differ
ences between the two nations it Is
the first which has not been a dodge
of these three points.
The first attempt was a series of
five executive orders, known ns the
“Taft agreement,” which was Intended
to interpret the original treaty of l'.K)3.
It went Into effect in December, UHM.
By May, 11)24, it was decided that the
real effectiveness of this expedient
had disappeared with tlie completion
of the canal, and the agreement was
abrogated.
1926 Pact Fail*.
'For two years tbe diplomats of the
tiyo countries bargained and in July,
1026, a new treaty, intended to be
permanent, was sighed. IRU vftrc*fT ir
came up for ratification in the Pan
amanian assembly, it went down under
a deluge of adverse votes. It had
failed even to mention the points of
sovereignty, possession of land and
paternalism which for 23 .years had
so grated upon the Panamanian soul.
Not only did real hard feelings
develop between the United States and
Panama, but other Igitin-American
countries openly threw their sympa :
tbies with Panama. '
First Indications that the United
Tbe new agreement was consum
mated under the principle that the pro
tection and operation of tbe canal Is
vital to the interests of both nations,
and can best be assured through
friendly co-operation. Tbe accord
reached in 15)33, and which It Is rea
sonable-to suppose is contained in the
treaty, embodies the following chief
points:
The United States will use, occupy
and control the Canal zone only for
Resident Roosevelt Meets President
» Arias.
the' purpose of maintenance, operation,
sanitation and protection of the canal.
Panama is recognized as the sov
ereign nation, and as such is entitled
to enjoy whatever commercial ad
vantages its juxtaposition with the
canal shall bring it, provided that these
do not prejudice the purposes of the
operation of the canal zone by the
United States.
Economic questions which do not in
any way affect those purposes may, if
they cannot be solved through direct
negotiation, be submitted to arbitra
tion.
The original treaty held that while
Panama was tbe sovereign nation, the
Or. Alfredo J. Alfaro, Panamanian
Minister.
territory.” The confusion arising from
this clause is not hard to understand.
For many years Panamanians have
felt that it gave the United States
sovereign power; and in the Pan-
American conference at Havana in
1928 the Panamanian delegate, Dr. Al
fredo J. Alfaro, strenuously objected
when it was intimated that this was
the truth. It was lie who signed the
new treaty for Panama, where he ex
pects to run for president In 1937.
U. S. Must Buy Land.
Under the old treaty the United
States could acquire by right of emi
nent domain lands and waters outside
the Canal Zone “which may he neces
sary and convenient for the construc
tion, maintenance, operation, sanita
tion and protection” of the canal.
Technically, of course, this could have
been regarded as giving the United
States the right to take over any terri-
tory In the Isthmian republic. Such a
“lien" could hardly allow the nation a
clear title to its own property, and
certainly would have made territorial
agreements with other nations embar
rassing. The new arrangement takes
away the United States’ right to ac
quire territory by condemnation, but
gives Uncle Sam the right to acquire
it by purchase.
At present the Panamanian city of
Colon is separated from the rest of
the republic by the Canal Zone, but
the new treaty provides a corridor of
connection across tbe zone.
By the treaty of -1903, the Papama
Railway company, whose shares are
owned entirely by the United States
government, was given the sole right
of communication across the isthmus.
Panam itself was forbidden to build
an automobile highway* to cover the
47 miles from Panama City to Colon;
under the new treaty, such a highway
will be constructed.
The railway company has been op
erating commissaries along its right of
way; these were originally Intended to
serve only American employees, but
Panama merchants claim the commis
saries have been doing a thriving tour
ist business and want tbe business
themselves. Now they will get it.
Terminate Gold Payment.
Now that the American dollar has
been devalued, the treaty will allow
the United States to make its annual
payments to Panama in balboas, the
Panamanian unit of currency, instead
of in gold coins. The 430,000 balboas
which constitute the annual payment
are worth a little more than the $250,-
000 in gold formerly paid every year.
Tq date it Has not become known
what the United States army and navy
think of the new pact, but this will
come out when it is placed before the
senate for ratification. It can be con
strued as weakening American control
over the canal, and for that reason
may fail to make the grade.
Tiie Navy department, under the new
agreement, already has turned o'ver
two radio stations to the Panama gov
ernment, and new agreements for the
regulation of radio communication
have been readied.
May Remove Custom* Collector.
The United States still maintains a
collector of customs in the Dominican
republic, to assure that the Dominican
debt to this country is properly serv
iced. This officer Is something of an
irritation to the citizens there.
When the conference of American
nations gets under way this summer,
there is little likelihood that the pur-
poses of preserving the peace will be
carried so far as to establish a “league
of nations” for the western hemis
phere. What is more likely is a joint
treaty which all nations can rely on
to aid settlement of disputes.
Any agency so created would prob
ably be given the right to investigate
the causes of disputes, to try to effect
conciliations and, if necessary, to sit
as a board of arbitration. It is Im
probable that any real Instrument,
such as sanctions, for enforcing de
cisions will be agreed upon.
* C Western Newnpnper Union.
IMPROVED
UNIFORM INTERNATIONAL
S UNDAY!
chool Lesson
' By RSV. P. B FITZWATER. D. D-
Member of Faculty. Moody Bible
Institute of Chkaso.
© Wee tern Newspaper Union.
Lesson for April 5
JESUS INVITES ALL PEOPLE
LESSON TEXT—Luk« 14:15-24.
GOLDEN TEXT—Come; for all thing*
are now ready.—Luke 14:17.
PRIMARY TOPIC—How Jesus Kept
the Sabbatli> — • '
JUNIOR TOPIC—A Great Invitation.
INTERMEDIATE AND SENIOR
TOPIC—The Excuses We Make.
YOUNG PEOPLE AND ADULT
TOPIC-<—Our Response to Christ’s Invi
tation.
« *
Here We Have a Versatile Pup That
You Will Find Easy to Cross Stitch
In this chapter Luke pictures Jesus
freely mingling with his fellowmen in
worship and social Intercourse. While
thus freely mingling with his fellow-
men, he was aware of tiieir inner hos
tility to him and set forth under the
parable of the J^at supper the sinful
folly of men who reject his gracious
offer of salvation.
I. The Great Supper (v. 16).
This great supper represents God’s
gracious provision of salvation tlrt’ough
the vicarious atonement of Jesus
Christ. Christ himself declared that
he was the bread of life. As bread is
to the physical body, so is Jesus Christ
to the soul. It is called a supper be
cause it is the last meal of the day.
Jesus Christ’s sacrificial death is God’s
last effort for the salvation of men.
The one who misses supper goes hun
gry through the night; the one who
neglects and rejects the gracious offer
of salvation in Jesus Christ shall for
ever perish. It is a great supper be
cause its provision was made In the
counsels of the eternal Godhead. It
was wrought' out by the Son of God
and avails for the salvation of all
races and kindred and tongues. There
is no one whose sinful condition de
bars him from tills precious feast.
II. The Gracious and Urgent Invita
tion (w. 16, 17).
These words, "Corner for nil things
are now ready," reveal the attitude of
God toward a sinning race. Truly it
is not the will of God that any should
perish, hut that all should come to re
pentance. Ills servants have been go
ing up and down the world for thou
sands of years saying to men dead in
trespasses and sins, perishing for want
of the bread of life, “Come; for nil
things are now ready." God is never
behind time. Thfre is absolutely noth
ing lacking in his provision for needy
souls. The only thing demanded of
the hungry and dying world is that it
accept his urgent Invitation. Man’s
responsibility is to receive Jesus
Christ. All who accept his invitation
are assured of a welcome at his table.
III. Men’s Attitude Toward God’s
Gracious Invitation (vv. 18-20).
“They nil with one accord began to
make excuse." They feigned a willing
ness to come, hut their excuses showed
that they were completely absorbed In
selfish interests and, therefore, disre
garded the Invitation of the divine
Host. This is a vivid picture of the
reception which men are everywhere
giving the gospel.
1. The first one was taken up with
the buying of land. On this account
lie begged to be excused. Supper time
is a poor time to go to see a piece of
ground. Besides, he had already
bought the ground and, therefore, he
was under no necessity of going to see
It at supper time.
2. The second man desired to be ex
cused In order that be might test a
yoke of oxen which he had bought.
Supper time is not a proper time to
test oxen. Then, too, he had already
bought them; therefore, there was no
urgency In testing them.
3. The third excuse was perhaps the
flimsiest of all. In all probability his
wife would have been glad to accom
pany him. It is to be noted that the
excuses made are plausible, as they
concern tilings that ate right in them
selves. It is right for a man to have
land, have oxen, and live with a wife,
but when these legitimate interests
crowd out God and the things of the
Spirit, they are to be ignored.
IV. Guests From th^e Highways and
Hedges (vv. 21-24).
1. The anger of the master of the
house (v. 21). It should not be for
gotten that God, while great in mercy,
is capable-of anger toward those who
reject his mercy. It is a great mistake
to remove anger from the character
of God. To reject bis mercy exposes
to Itis fierce anger.
2. Tbe Lord’s house filled (vv. 21-
23). Tbe places of tbe very ones who
were first hidden were filled with other
guests, some of them poor and helpless,
from the lanes and streets of the city
and others the vagrants from the high
ways.
3. The awful condition of those first
bidden (v. 24). Tne master of the
house declares that none of them shall
taste of his supper. Since the supper
represents the free grace and mercy
Of Jesus Christ, to refuse film is to be
eternally deprived of the high privilege
of sitting at the Master’s table.
Why We Are Lonely
Loneliness ts often our own fault.
We have not brought others enough
into our own life, or we have repelled
others by making too many claims up
on them, or by seeking too much sym
pathy for ourselves.—Stopford A.
Brooke.
Goodness
As the presence of salt Is not so
noticeable ss its absence, so the good
are most appreciated when they are
gone.
PATTERN 5483
Isn’t he versatile—tills pup that
can wash, iron, sew and even play a
violin? Just having him around—on
tea towels or scarf ends t| will bright
en your day. Brighten, too, the
hours you spend embroidering his
amusing antics in cross stitch.
They’re ever so easy to do—with
crosses 8 to the inch, and before you
know it you’ve one for each day of
eS
No If* or And*
Sonny Boy—Say, Dad, what Is
meant by “the hone of content ion’’?
Dad—The jawbone, my son.
Right-o
“Why do they call these cinema at
tendants ushers, mother?” asked the
little girl.
“Don’t be silly,” interrupted her
brother. “It’s because they have to
tell the people to be quiet.”—Tit-Bits.
Double Punishment
The other night I went to an
amateur theatrical performance, then
went home and had a terrible
dream.”
“What'did you dream?’
“I dreamt I went to it again.”—
Tid-Bits Magazine.
the week. Use a variety of colors,
or two shades of any color that yo«
like.
In pattern 5493 you will And a
transfer pattern of seven motifs ar*
eraging 5 by 8 Inches; color auggea*
tlons; material requirements; Illus
trations of^all the stitches that ar©
needed.
Send 15 cents In stamps or coins
(coins preferred) to The Sewing Cir
cle, Household Arts Department, 259
West Fourteenth Street, New York,
N. Y.
There Are Two Paths
in Love and Friendship
One path leads downward, with
pride and folly, selfishness and lust
as guides, toward the earthly, the
sensual, and at last the devilish. The
other lends upward, with purity and
honor, generosity and scif-sacrlflee
as guides, toward the celestial, the
Ideal, the God like.
Ix)ve Is a lire, sometimes It kin
dles a harbor light to guide the heart
to peace; sometimes It kindles a
false beacon to lure "the heart to
wreck. There Is a friendship which
saves and there is a friendship which
ruins. r
Original Bob Was Sawed
Off With Shark’s Teeth
Bobbed hair for women had Its
American debut in Hawaii, accord
ing to I’an-Paciflc Press bureau. In
ancient times, native women wore
theirs long. But a haircut was no
such easy matters ns nowadays.
They sawed it off with a knife of
sharks’ teeth.
THE OLD HOG
“The farmer’s wife tells me It Is
profitable to keep a pig to get rid of
scraps around the house.”
• “I presume so. I find, however,
that my husband will eat almost
anything.”
Not Even TarnUhod
"You ain’t got no brains.”
“Ain’t got no brains? Why, man.
Ah got brains which ain’t been
used.”
I V
WRIGLEY’S
SPEARMINT
W» PERFECT GUM
^ W C
THE FLAVOR LASTS
Men of Humor
Men of humor are always in some
degree men of genius; wits are rare
ly so, although a man of genius may,
amongst other gifts possess wit, as
Shakespeare.—Coleridge,
Cautloa
Be cautious with whom you asso
ciate, and never give your company
or your confidence to persons of
whose ‘ good principles you are not
certain.
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