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i'iSk w*x ::j^!L. ;z+j* .‘AMP 1 K A K / Er »%■ §*'•' r rell People-SeniineU Banwell. S. CL Thursday, May 9, 1935 mm [vents THIS WEEK Watch Your Eye-Len* Frightened to Death All Poaaesa Language / Eating Bark and Earth Important pews for life Insurance companies. A tendency to old age or early,, death Is In herited. according to Dr. Felix Bern stein of Columbia university, who talked to National Academy of Science In ^hl- cago. A scientiirt can tell hoW old you are, physically, by examining the lens of your eye. It al ways shows signs of hardening before flfty; the extent of the hardening de cides how old you really are. The rest of your body—brain, heart and all the rest—grows old about as rapidly as the eye lens does. Leaving out accidents and attacks by disease germs, there Is a sort of “predestination” in the length of life. PRESIDENT'S SOCIAL SECURITY •ILL PASSED BY THE HOUSE-t HITLER IS DEFIANT. _ ' Artfcwr BrUbaa* Two brothers, fifteen and ten years df age, with a young friend, were g(f Ing to an entertainment last Christ mas night. George Bond and Carl JtlcMurty of Poplar Bluff, Mo„ thought It would be amusing to frighten the children by running after them, telling them, “You will never live to get there." The two older boys “got there.” The little ten-year-old boy, James Alnley, dropped dead of fright as the men pursued him. A sensible Jury decides that the two men fihnil spend aix months In Jail and pay $100 fine for their “Joke.” The Jury might well have made It ten years, for It was stupid manslaughter. Tiiere Is nothing more brutal, cruel or mora completely worthy of a genuine "ya hoo” than frightening children. Secretary of Interior Ickes, who also possesses the gift of forcible speech, calls Senator Long “a rant ing demagogue," describes, more gently, one other well known broad caster, and rebukes, without men tioning his name, Doctor Tawnsend, whom he accuses of arousing xfalse hopes In the “underprivileged." Senator Huey Long, his language never falling him, able to speak his mind freely In the senate, addressing that august body, describes the secre tary of Interior as “Lord High Cham berlain Ickes, the chinch bug of Chi cago." Secretary of Agriculture Wallace he called the “Lord Destroyer, the ignoramus of Iowa." We complain of our depression with good cause. We might find queer consolation in reading about miserable inhabitants of Formosa, property of Japan, Inhabited chiefly by Chinese, who made up 80 per cent of the sufferers and victims in the recent earthquake. In Formosa, men, women and chll dren have been stripping the bark from elm trees and eating It and they may be seen on barren fields, pulling up wild grqss by the roots, washing and eating the roots] as well* as the grass Itself. Many have died from eating bran mixed with earth and water, the earth causing death by In testlnal stoppage. Those poor creatures have a real depression, with no rich govern ment to pour out billions for Jobs, relief, dole, etc. The American Philosophical society, gathered in Philadelphia, learns from Doctor SUpher, director of the Lowell observatory at Flagstaff, Arlz., that to people on the planet'Mars, If any are there, our earth Is a blue planet. If those Martians will continue watching us, until some European or Asiatic country sends a few thousand planes In our direction, they will see this corner of the earth a deeper and darker blue than ever. What a lesson we shall learn some day If we continue with our eyes shut! Newspaper editors, that ought to kflow something about prosperity, gath ered In New York from all over the country, tell you they see a “business pickup," better times are coming. That Is a cheerful prediction. WjMi/ Jlr- § |v ■' • .V. i|L.. ft-.: Some boys In high schools, and big ger boys in colleges, recently organ ised a ‘•trike” to express their horror •f war. War Is horrible; It should be, and eventually will be. unnecessary. But there Is some good in all evil, and young students and others should re flect on past wars and wj^at modern clvHlsatlon owes to them. Germany wants colonies, and Is em barrassed by the- fact that this would mean taking in a great many black ladles and gentlemen that by no stretch of the imagination could be called “Aryans." The German government annoonces that, while it cbuld not ad mit negroes to German dtlsenshlp, as Britain does In her colonies, black eo- 1 kmtal negroes would be “Schutzbefob- leoa," with every right except the-rlght to adopt Aryan stmt \ • ay EDWARD W. PICKARD W. WMtero Nawaptper Union. W ITHOUT benefit of gag rule but with perfect party discipline, the administration’s social security bill was Jammed through the house sub stantially as President Roosevelt wants It. The final vote was 372 to 33. it may be some “weekl before dt Is passed by the senate, for the senate finance committee, to which It was referred, Is busy Just now with NRA extension and veter ans* bonus payment. Leading features of the measure as passed by the house are: Grants to states for old age assist ance (pensions) on a W-fiO basis, but for no Individual will the federal gov ernment’s share exceed $15 per month. Compulsory old age benefits for per sons over sixty-five on basis of salary earned during working lifetime, pay ments ranging from $15 to $85 a month. Income tax on pay rolls of employees starting with 1 per cent Iff" 1937 and graduated upward to 3 per cent In 1949; excise tax on employers In same amounts. This will mean a total pay roll tax of 8 per cent by 1949. Unemployment Insurance. Tax on employer of 1 per cent on pay rolls In 1930, 2 per cent for 1937, and 3 per cent thereafter. Social security board as new bureau of government In the executive branch with three members appointed by the President. Federal grants to states for mater nal and child health service, an appro priation of $3,800,000. Federal grants to states for public health service, an appropriation of $8,000,000. Speaker Byrns and other majority leaders were.elated by the immense majority by which the bill carried be cause, as they asserted, It was put through without any pressure from the White House. Mr. Byrns said: “We got no orders from the President, so help me Almighty God.” to''way commitments, tspeeUly wrtB RuaflA Also, there are many who’still ding po the hope that Brland’s old dreom of a full Franco-German recon ciliation tnay come true, though they don’t aay imieh about It In public. Russian and French papers revived tbe story thatXthere was a secret mili tary alliance between Germany and Po land, but this was, vigorously denied by officials In both Berlin and Warsaw. Communist partlek of ten European countries united in ho appeal to tbe working classes for a\ demonstration on May 1 against the The appeal, printed In party organ Pravda, “German Imperialists and their Jap^ anese and Polish allies" are provoking war against Soviet Russia. women, nntfl to lead Uvea and to go all that la the twelfth il Alliance man Nazis. ■ i i v a~ vJvWlin UlillJv changed that nkyfbRE than three lost their lives in thousand O YER In Turk recently, were I of sednslon in the veiled when In public, changed. The other congress of the Internal of Women for Suffrage and Equal Cltl zenshlp opened in Istanbul with about thirty nations represented and lira. Corbett Ashby of England In the chair, and tpe women of Turkey, novel and In modish European garb, the proud hostesses of the hundreds delegates. Among the questions dis cussed were: The situation and rights -of women; the poaltloB of women ln- the liberal professions;’ the political and civil rights of women; the means women can use to prevent war. Under, Hemal's rule the women of the republic of Turkey have been led G EN. HUGH JOHNSON’S earnest appeal for extension of ~the Nit A. In the course of which he took all the blame for its failures, may have been effective, for It was reported that a considerable majority of the senate finance committee wasiln favor of con tinuing the life of the Blue Eagle or ganization, Three of the members, all Democrats, were listed as absolutely' against prolongation of the recovery act, but most of the others favored such a course, provided various alter ations are made.. The committee had under consideration a bill Introduced by Senator Pat Harrison, designed, he said, to stimulate discussion. The hot test battle will come on the floor of the senate. Adolf Hitler /’"GERMANY was thoroughly^ertVnged by the action of the League of Na tions council In adopting the tri-power resolution condemning the relch for violating the treaty of Versailles by rearm ing, and It was expect ed Relchsfuerher Hit ler would make a de fiant retort. .As a first step he sent from his Bavarian retreat In- gtrnctions to Secretary <rf estate Von Buelow to pnitest “England's defection at Stresa and Geneva.” This Von Buelow did, delivering tbe message to Ambassador Sir Eric Phipps for transmission to London. Then, on his forty-sixth birthday, came the relchsfuerher’s defiance of the league. In the form of what the German foreign office called a “short but de termined note.” Here It Is, as made public in Rome: “The German government contests to the governments which In the coun-. dl of the League of Nations took, In the deliberation of April 17, the right of making themselves Judges over Ger many. The government sees in the de liberation of the council of the league an attempt at new discriminations against Germany and therefore rejects It la the most resolute manner. The governirent reserves the right to make known soon Its position on different questions touched upon in the deliber ation." This note did not seem to Impress greatly the statesmen In London. PaHs and Rome, but It mightily pleased Hit ler’s followers. They celebrated their leader’s natal day with gusto and pre tented to him a fleet of about sixty war planes bought with popular contribu tions, most of which came from storm troopers. — • DU SSI A was disappointed and dla- gusted when the French chafer failed to approve the mutual assistance pafct which Litvinov and Laval had concocted. The delay was called offi cially a “temporary halt” In oegotla- tloag, And tbe treaty may be signed later provided tlie Soviet government prqmlaea to shut off the Communistic agitation In France. All the French radicals want the Russian alliance and so does one section of the conserva tives'; hot another blg group Is opposed pe a series earthquake shocks tha t occurred most thickly populated section of For mosa, the lsland > off the Chinese coast which Japan acquired In 1895. It was the worst disaster of the kind In the Orient since the Tokyo-Yokohama quake of 1923. The numbed of Injured was estimated at fully 12,000, and a quarter of a million were rendered homeless. Properly damage was placed at $28,000,000. Half a dozen sizable towns and many villages were com pletely destroyed, aqd fires and heavy rain added to the dangers and distress of the afflicted people. Water systems were ruined and there was fear of epi demics. The Red Croc: and the Jap anese army officials organized relief expeditions Immediately but progress was slow because railway lines and roadways were destroyed, as were tel egraph and telephone lines. — Formosa lies In the Chlno-Japanese earthquake belt and has suffered se verely from temblors In the past. It ‘ Is mountainous and Is separated from the mainland by a narrow strait. Its • populace is mainly of Chinese origin. S ENATOR HUEY LONG delivered his much advertised attack on the President and the administration be fore a crowd that Jammed the senate £ chamber. He was lim ited to 40 minutes, but In that time he use<^ a lot of language. Aft er describing Ickes, Farley, Wallace and General Johnson in terms not very funny, the ‘ Kingfish’’ assailed Mr. Roosevelt as per sonally responsible for what he called a plan to force the stifte of Louisiana tt> yield to corruption and debauchery. He threat ened a tax rebellion In his realm If there were further federal encroach- granted parliamentary and city rotes and have entered enthusiastically Into all branches of life, civic, profession- d, industrial and sportlng. ^NG BOR|S of Bulgaria has foiled mother attempt to force him from his precarious throne. Upon discovery of an alleged Fascist plot, he ordered that three prominent political leaders be arrested and held In jail. Their friends,.sopght to free them by storm ing the jail but were repulsed. Tff^e seized are Alexander Zanhoff, leader of the Democratic .entente; Kozma Geqr* gieff, head of the Macedonian party, and M. Natcheff,- former police presi dent of Sofia. The two first named are former premiers. * It was expected In Sofia that Pre mier Petko Zlatteff and his cabinet; would resign and that King Boris would appoint as head of the new gov ernment Dimo Kazasoff, minister to Jugloslavta. Senator Long ments In the matter of controlling the expenditure of federal loans for state projects. Huey charged that the administra tion was concerned solely with con trolling the expenditures in Louisiana In such manner as to Insure winning the election In 1936. “They could go down there and spend the whole five billion and they could not win that election,” he said. "But they could load us with the five billlbn debt that we would have to pay as the result of carrying on tl.eir politics." and universities of this state." The action of the senate followed within a few hours action by the houst In passing almost unanimously a bill to require an oath of allegiance and obediencTe to the state and federal con stitutions from all teachers and pro fessors. The legislatures of <^her states are passing similar laws. rpATHER COUGHLIN of Detroit, the * “radio priest” and earnest publicist, has now.Jtyeen endorsed by the bishop of Dejrolt, Rt. Rev. Michael Gallagher. “I pronounce Father Coughlin sound In doctrine, able in Its application and Interpretation,” the bishop said. “Free ly I give him my Imprimatur on his written word and freely I give my ap proval on the spoken word. May, both be circulated without objectloo through- out the land. Under my jurisdiction he preaches the Just codes of the old law and its commandments. Until • lawful superior rules otherwise, I stand steadfastly ^behind this priest, Father Coughlin, encouraging him to do ttuj will of God as be sees y and I see It." The Michigan auit of Father Cough lin’s National Union for Social Justice held Its first, meeting. The priest de scribed this as the first of a series of state meetings to put tnK “millions of members" of the union ^ .work to make themselves felt as a democratic force.” DEPUBLICAN leaders who attended a luncheon In Washington given to William AHen White of Kansas turned the gathering into a real political meet ing and In their speeches Insisted that the Republican party must openly and vigorously attack the "fallacies of tbe New Deal,” Mr. White explained the conception of the regional meeting of eleven mid- western states to be held In Kansas next month and said that the amount of Interest aroused among Republicans throughout the country wag surprising. Such a regional meeting could do noth ing more than write a creed and stir up the electorate to right thinking, he declared, adding: “Confronted with new conditions, tbe Republican party must face this situa tion and write a platform that will be constructive and give promise of carry ing out lq a sane way the things needed to restore constitutional government" A LLEGEDj teaching of Communism In soffie of our universities and tbe adoption of that cult by a large number of half-baked young men and women .In those institutions has long been debated and denounced by pa triotic* citizens. Student strikes and small riots have been frequent, and there have been many demands for the suppression of these reds and pinks. The latest big Institution of learning to be brought Into the lime light. In this matter Is the University of Chicago, whose faculty contains several decidedly radical 1 instructors and its student body .many youthful*/ followers of Marx and Lenin. Because of charges made by a prominent drug store magnate the Illinois senate has just adopted a resolution calling for a “thorough and complete investigation” by a senatorial committee of five to determine whether any foundation ex ists for charges that “subversive Com munistic teachings” are going on hi ‘wholly or partly tax-exempt colleges W HEN the administration’s great work relief program gets under ,ost Important parts way one of the ums of It, the purchase of material supplies. will have to he started at once, and it ex pected that this will absorb about $1,700,- 000.000 of the Tetfil* sum. According to au thoritative sources iri Washington, this part of the program will be supervised by Rear Admiral Christian J. Peoples, now procurer ment officer In the Admiral treasury, peoples en- Peoples tered the navy supply corps in 1900 as assistant paymaster and later developed the navy’s present purchasing system. When Franklin D. Roosevelt was assistant secretary of the navy he and Peoples became close friends. The admiral-^presumably . will have full charge of drafting the regulations for material purchases, but it la un derstood the actual buyW-of supplies for work relief projeefcr wUIMn most Instances be handled by the slates and other co-operating agenclea. However, certain commodities, like cement, that will be needed In Immense quantities, probably wllL be purchased centrally. e L National Topics Interpreted! * by William Bruckart National Press Building Washington, D, C. \Waahlngton.—Mach ado Is being made around Washington again over lobbyists. It la true that there are now perhaps more lobby ists in Washington than v ■ hen >al years. It la true they are influencing legislation, and\I think It can be said without fear of eontradiction that lob byists are responsible for a portion of the balking tactics In congress. Existence of this unusual condition In Washington ( carries more signifi cance, however, than just the fact that special Interests or individual Interests are trying to protect themselves. From a good many sources I gather the opin ion that the condition means the Pres ident’s power has weakened. It Is ta be remembered that wh Mr. Roosevelt carried his New Dea into the White House and led the largest Democratic majority ever to control the national legislative body, that very fact thwarted lobbying. Very few of the so-called special Interests bad the courage to button hole indi vidual representatives or senators to plead their cause. These representa tives and senators were looking to White House leadership; their fate rested on the New Deal, and they were unable accurately to gauge what public sentiment would be If they openly dis agreed with Presidential orders. In those days, tfie corridors of the Capi tol and the house and senate office buildings were virtually deserted of petitioners—for that Is what a lobby ist Is. To the extent that lobbyists oper ated In the early days of the Roose velt administration, they sought to In fluence Presidential decision and the activities of the brain trust and un derlings who drafted the Presidential programs. Once these programs had been submitted to congress, the oppo sition to them largely subsided and members Jumped to the crack of the Presidential whip. As stated above. In dividual members were afraid to go against White House orders and lobby ists were afraid to combart the Presi dent’s popularity. ’’ , But a year ago, various Interests throughout the country began to sense MELIA EARHART, our premtef omab aviator, made a ffne flight from 'Los Angeles to Mexico City, though she was forced to light flrst GO miles norfff of her destination because a small Insefcl got in her eye. Remov ing the bug. sK^ continued to tbe cap ital, where ten thousand persons gave her an enthusiasHq welcome. Aaielia said {that after seeing something of Mexico, she “hoped to\do a better JoB of flying nonstop to New^York.” r; J’C D AUGHTERS of the American Rev olution, In their convention in Washington, had their nsual exciting and hotly contested election for pres ident general Tbe candidates) were Mrs. William A. Becker of New Jersey and Mrs. Flora Myers Gillentine of Tennessee, and the former won by a vote of 1,136 to 619. Mrs. Becker waa attacked by her opponents because she bad endorsed “The Red Network^" a book In wblck lira. Franklin D. Roose velt, Secretary of Labor Perkins and other members of tbe admlalstrattoe .are listed as Rede. S ENATOR HARRISON’S compromise bonus bill, it was believed^ might solve that troubling problem. This measure would make bonus Cer tificates mature In 1938, Instead 1945. They could be converted Imme diately Into 3 per cent bonds. ‘ Vet erans who wanted caph - right away could sell the bonds, losing only tbe Interest tbey otherwise could obtain nntll 1938. Harrison said would cost $500,000,000 more than the preh eat bonus law, but far less than the Patmaq^ bill, passed by the house, to pay tbe bonus with $2,500,000,000 In new money. * Milo Warner, vice commander of the American LeglmOnld this bill waa “absolutely not/acceptable” to that or ganisatlon. Heads of veterans’ organ laatlona and various others were ta vlted to testify at committee hearings on t*i» MIL a feeling that they could again talk with members of congress safely. They began organizing their representations here as they formerly had enjoyed, and tie by little broadened the scope of thkh* activities. 'A singular part about the Jvesent condition Is the mushroom growthyof the lobbyists. Supplement ing thelff, growth has been an unusual fearlessness. They are busy pushing “U kinds or'fauses, good and bad. Some forcesVstimate there are close to five hundmryiifferent groups and organizations.actiVely petitioning con gress to do this or\that according to their lights. There are such gigantic lobbies as that of organized labor, ag- rlculture and the Aipertcan Legion. There are lobbies for rellgiWs and ra cial groups. The power interests at the moment bulk large with tmUr lob bying activities. Individual Iines\f In dustry have ithelr representatives here In numbers. The railroads, for example, have headquartbW here for their Asso ciation of American Railroads and it is also the headquarters for the Short line Railroad association. The bank ers maintain a legislative committee of the American Bankers’ association here, and even geientifle groups have their people treading water In the halls of congress, watching and waiting to be sure that nothing detrimental to their Interests Is done by' the legisla tors. • • • . It will be recalled that several weeks ago Mr. Roosevelt let loose one of the bitterest messages he Sees Power hag ever sent to con- Waning gress In denunciation of the activities of the, power lobby. At that time, the vicious character of hls accusations against the power Interests yss attrib uted by many observers to hls Intense feeling that public utility bolding com panies should be abolished. He felt that clique* of financiers were taking advantage of Innocent investors and he wanted to tell, the country about IL Now, however, * it develops that he was shooting not only at the power group but at all so-called special Inter ests which were, seeking t6 protect themselves from what they regarded as flagrant violations of property Tight* of the established bnsiness practices. It mast be said that for a few days, the President’s message did have the effect of slowing down lobbying activi ties but the lobbyists had tasted of their own power. Tbey are not to be frightened by any Presidential attack by the threat of Senator Black of Alabama to force throngb legislation compelling lobbyists in Washington to «As a matter of cold fact, it la my chqvictlon that Senator Black will' find himself, thoroughly circum vented In any. move he may make to press for actloffon what is generally regarded as a ridiculous piece of legis lation. . It la a thlrtj^year-old proposal anyway. \ ' It Ml goes to show that, at least among those with the eonfqee of their convictions, President RooseVMt la not as powerful as he was In the first year of hls reign. Balking tacQcs ^.con gress over tbe public works fellel tjHl was but the outward sign of courage underneath; I have repoiled to you heretofore that there were muttering# and expressions of discontent within the President’s vast majority In the house and senate. While the malcon- are not openly criticizing the President, they are able to accomplish their purpose by delay and disagree ment over what ordWfarily would bo very minor details. I belleve4t is the consensus also that the activities of petitioners for their rights are responsible to a large extent for the creation of numerous bloca, in congress. It has been observed by numerous publicists that. If there la danger of Fascism in the United States, it lies in this rise of blocs In congress. The natural result Is to replace and break up the two old established par ties. Thus far In this sesslon' tbere, has been evidence time after time of bloc activities, ohe against another. Thix condition results in legislative trades, not all of which result in or eve's well-written legislation. When the President came through the biennial election last fall with his majorities increased, there were those who Insisted that he would have hls will with congV ss and no questions asked. They didtiot reckon, however, with potentialstrength of the va- rlous interests watching congressional activities. I do hot believe that a care ful analysis of the activities of most of these lobbyists will show improper relations between them and members of congress. They a r e simply assert ing the right of every Individual, name ly, the privilege to tell hls represent ative or senator what his opinion Is. Certainly, there Is a growing feeling that Mr. Roosevelt gained little cr nothing when he attacked the power interests, and over their shoulder all other representation In Washington. « • • . Now that President Roosevelt hai title to $4,800,000,000 to spend pretty much as he pleases. How Will it the question Is heard Be Spent? "around Washington more and more fre quently, tfhat Is he going to do with It? The truth Is that administration plans for utilizing this vast sum of mohe.w, are so nebulous fhat no' one ^ a teH, can ten, even the officials themselves, to what uses it will be put.. One hears about attacking the problem of soli erosion so that the destruction by dust storms will occur no more, and there is talk of many public works projects. When one tries to find out details of these, however, he Is promptly con fronted by a stone wall, either of si lence or of a frank statement that only the outlines have thus far been con sidered. Conversations over luncheon tables In Washington set^n 49_ indicate that actual spending of tilts money In any appreciable sum will not get under way for some months. In fact, there seems to be ground for belief that nothing of substantial character will take place. In a spending way before next winter. And, if that Is true the comment sug gests, the great appropriation will be effective only In a political way next spring, and summer. \Tt should be remembered that’ the arhount voted the President In this one resolution which is to be spent practically at hls direction Is greater/ than the total expenditure of the fed eral government for any year from 1922 to l&l. / \ -• • • With further references to lobbying activities. It Is made to appear that . two orgaalzatlons Effective have done an espfc- Lobbying dally good Job. I re fer to the operations of the American Legion office In Wash ington and Its fight for the veterans’ bonus, and the activity of the various agricultural and farm organizations who have been fighting off certain phases of railroad legislation. The farmers, according to the best information I can get, are opposed to federal regulation of Interstate bus and truck business because they feel the proposed leg! si at Ion will hamper fann- to-market hauling. I suspect that the bus and truck group have persuaded the farm representatives to oppose reg ulatory measures for busses and trucks on the basis of misunderstanding. I have made numerous Inquiries of legis lative drafting experts and of hou’se and senate leaders respecting the point at issue and all have assured me that the proposed federal regulation will In no way apply to farm-to-market haul ing. While tbe point made here Is not at all Important and when farm opera tors of trucks understand It they will doubtless shy away from the position they have taken. It Illustrates bow one organization will attract many follow ers to Its ranks who actually ought not be there. v Now as to the bonus proposition, 1$ ought to be said that the Roosevelt adi ministration Is In a bole. So well has the American Legion done Its Job that there Is no doubt in my mind at the < moment respecting the outcome. There will be bonus legislation passed by congress at this session. Whether It will be signed or vetoed by President Roosevelt, depends entirely upon the nature of the MU as It finally is ( • Wwton X«w«a»«r VmUm. v •