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-w ^v— The Banwell People-Sentinel, Barnwell, S. C- Thursday, May 2, 1935 Renews Old Problem of Rhine Fortifications Always Played Big Part in Politics. Washington.—Germany’s new mlll- tary program, which, defies the Ver sailles treaty, renews the old problem of Rhineland fortifications, and again brings Into the news a fertile valley which has so often been an economic <ad- political frontier/ According to the terms of the treaty Germany was allowed to retain the. left bank of the Rhine providing + !t was <o»plotely^ d4n»lHtarlged. cnpatlons of this zone (from 1918 to. 1930) by American,. French, and Brit ish forces Insured Germany’s fulfill ment of her agreement .“The Rhine has always played an Important part In European politics,” says the National Geographic society. 4 ‘A glance at the map shows many of the most famous Rhine towns standing on the left bank of the river* This Is because the Rhine was once a fron tier Roman civilization, and It was on-the west side that Roman strong holds were established. Today, start ing near Its source, the river marks the boundary first between Switzerland and Liechtenstein, then Switzerland and Austria, Switzerland and Germany, and finally Germany and France. Important Waterway. ^ “Flowing from south to north, the IHrfne is one of Europe’s chief water ways. With Its numerous tributaries It drains one of the most densely .populated regions of Europe, a coun try rich In minerals and Intensively cultivated. It reaches the North sea coast opposite London, thus connect ing with British shipping, and form ing a natural outlet for Germany, Bel gium, and the Netherlands. , “Canals join the Rhine from . the Rhone, the Marne, and the Danube. It Is navigable without Interruption .from Basle to the sea, a distance of 360 miles. Ocean-going steamers can ascend as far as Colognp, where car goes are transferred to river Iwats, but only small craft can navigate the up per Rhine above Spires. “Since the Versailles treaty, the Rhine has become an international wa terway open to ships of all nations. “Although It rises In the Swiss Alps and enters the North sea through Neth- erland territory, to the Germans the Rhine is their national river. It Is firmly wovep Into their history, their art, their music, and their literature. A boat trip down this stream is a Jour ney through Germany’s past as well as her present^' “The Rhine enters the Rift valley at Basle, flowing north between the ranges of the Vosges and the Black forest At Mainz, where the Main en ters the Rhine, the slopes of the Tau- nus hills turn the river westward until It reaches Bingen. Between Bingen and Bonn It winds through the narrow Rhine gorge beneath high cliffs adorned with ancient castles or steeply terraced vineyards. Medieval Stronghold. “Halfway between Bingen and Bonn the gorge Is broken by the entrance of the Moselle from the w^st and the Lahn, from the east Coblenz Is built on a triangle of land between the Mo selle and the Rhine. The Romans called it Confluentes. During the oc cupation of the Rhineland by the al lies after the World war it was head quarters for the American division. 6n a rocky precipice across the Rhine Is the old fortress of Ehrenbreitsteln, days. “Bonn is famous as Beethoven’s birthplace, and as the seat of an an- Beyond Bonn the Rhine swings north and then west through a wide plain. Cologne (Koln), third city of Germany, Is a busy port, trading in grain, wine, ores, coal, and timber. Above a sea of city roofs soar the twin spires of the Cologne cathe dral, each nearly as tall as the Wash ington monument ‘—‘ - ‘^Industry and commerce crowd out natural beauty along the lower Rhine. Dusseldorf Is an important manufac turing town, noisy with factories and great steel and iron works. It is par ticularly noted for ita-dyelng Indus tries, and also as the birthplace of HeinHcb Heine. Duisburg, at the point where the Ruhr joins the Rhine, is one Hunter* “Get Be*t” of Mountain Lion* hU Sacramento, Calif.—Predatory an ibal hunters are “getting the best" of mountain Hons in California. -.Only 215 lion scalps were turned In for bounty last year, compared with an average of 270 for the past several years. Instead of believing hunters were losing their aim, officials of the state fish and game division said here that there was reason to believe that in nearly all parts of the lion country, hunters were winning out in their long battle to rid the ranges of the stock killers. ^ “The v best evidence is the In creased percentage of females turned in for bounty,” one official said. * i Last year female lions con stituted 57 per cent of the kill.” Dental,Hygiene .. 88 The Road to Health By DR. R. ALLEN GRIFFITH THE SIXTH-YEAR MOLAR of the most extensive river ports In the world. It is a chief center of the German steel industry, and commercial gateway for the coal and Iron shipped out of the Ruhr. Incidentally \ it was once the home of Mercator, the great -f to each other, map maker. “Coal snkoke and machinery have failed to destroy the legends of the past ^ Siegfried was supposedly born at Xanten, near the-Netherlands bor der, and at Cleves, \ Lohengrin, the knight of Wagner’s opera, rescued the beautiful Elsa.” T HE first permanent teeth to erupt In the mouth are called the “sixth- year molars” becaus^ they come-in dur ing the sixth year. They also might be called the most Important teeth In the mouth. These teeth are of the utmost Impor tance, a* they present a large masti cating surface, and If permanently lost, always cause a collapse of the dental areb and frequently cause the face to be contracted. To the orthodontist (a dentist who straightens teeth) they are the key to the arch. By looking at their occlusion he Is able to determine If the jaws are In their proper relation Germany’s New Streamlined Locomotive -Mm The premature loss of these teeth is a calamity to any individual and they should be watched with jealous care. They come In during the most irre sponsible period of childhood^ and no child of that age can be expected to pay any attention to the care of these Important teeth without the watchful guidance of the parents. If you care for the preservation of your child’s health, there Is every rea son In the world why the baby teeth should receive as much care and atten- tfuir as the perma nent~ teeth.—There la no possible excuse, no reason under the sun why either the baby teeth or the sixth-year molars should be neglected. The baby teeth are easily forgotten by the child whefe they are so healthy and clean that they are lost in the nat ural way. If. properly cared for, they are lost as nature intended. They are not so easily forgotten by the child when they are allowed to become a jagged, broken, decayed and abscessed lot and are lost through pain and sleep lessness. ;; The uncleanliness of the baby teeth is surely transferred to the sixth-year molars, and the memory of pain en dured and the physical scars will be carried through life. A child whose teeth are allowed to go to wreck and ruin through Ignorance or neglect on the part of parents, who are responsible for both bis mental and physical wel fare, has every right to hold them re sponsible for his suffering. The baby teeth should remain as white and sound as little pearls. It is absolutely crlml*. nal for parents to neglect the baby teeth. It is worse to neglect the sixth- year molars. The last of the baby teeth are not lost until the tenth or eleventh year. The sixth-year molars, which are the first of the permanent teeth, have been in the mouth four or five years by thlf time. • • • OUR DUTY Let Our MoffoUr - — GOOD HEALTH BY DR. LtdYD ARNOLD ProfcMor of BftcwriolMr tad Pnvaatlf* MediciM. Uoivershr oHUiaoii. College of Medicine. TWENTIETH CENTURY DISEASES ODD ENGUSH CHURCHES The more we study the history of health and disease through the ages, the more we are convinced that the different ages have c |helr different dis eases. In biblical times we read much Fourteenth and Flf* teenth centuries there was the Black ■Death: in rtdmmH |n*X regulate times and. the early Nineteenth century, rabies was a dread ed disease, and diphtheria and typhoid were scourges as late as twenty years ago. But medical science has conquered these and a number of other infectious diseases, and we were beginning to think that when we had conquered the common cold and other respiratory dis eases, the heart and kidney ailments, rheumatism and cancefTand upsets of the intestinal and nervous systems, we should have the human race pretty well on the road to health. A cowshed has been converted late * church *t Bordo* Hampshire, ft has central heating, electric lighting and an organ. The church la uade- Bomlnational. Services are held an Wednesday evenings to avoid conn pctlng with other religious organise tlons. A stone church In Islington was formerly a funlture depository for ten years. And a Roman Catholic :hapel-at-ease at Nottingham, Kent, was originally a stable and was afterwards used as an annex to an inn. Still later. It wae fitted up as a. hair-dressing salon, before it finally became a church.—Pearson'* Week ly. ~~ ' “ \ —a Dr. Pieroe’s Pleasant Pelkta are the orig inal little liter pills put up *0 years ago. liver and bowel*.—Aon “What’e Your Hurry?" “Darling, answer me, I am on the rack.” “So Is your hat,” came a deep voice from the hall. Whereupon the young man took the hint, h!s head-piece and his departure. A Ho more tired, kt-dm feeing for Mi” And then along came two completely new diseases, infantile paralysis and sleeping sickness. These arc diseases of the brain and spinal cord. They are our Twentieth century diseases. So far -they have Us completely baffled. that my atrongth^d I simply took a courso of A close-up view of the new German streamlined engine as it started out for its first trial run over especially built rails It has an average speed of 150 kilometers an hour. Scientists Reconstruct Mammoth Mammal Museum Shows Largest Animal ■> That Ever Lived. i New-Tork.—The largest land mammal that ever lived was taller than s gi raffe—twice-as long as a full-grown elephant—tipped the scales at the com bined weight of 100 average men—and needed about 500 pounds of food per day to keep from starving It Is the Baluchitherium, s super- giant prehistoric rhinoceros that lived In Asia about 25,000,000 "years ago when the Gobi desert was a paradise of woods and.waters—75,000,000 years After the dinosaurs had laid their last eggs and long before the coming of saan. ** This Information was made public by the American Museum of Natural History and Is based upon data col lected over a long period of exploration by Dr. Walter Granger and of research by him and Prof. WlUlam K. Gregory of the museum’s scientific staff. In preparing the restoration of this animal. Doctors Granger and Gregory studied some 200 Baluchltherinm bones which represented about 20 an imals of varying sizes. In no case, however, were there enough Bones to make a complete skeleton. This dis appointment was largely offset by the presence of enough material to furnish an accurate yardstick which, after months, of research, provided a picture of this super-beast of the past. The restoration now completed at the museum visualizes an animal that was 17 feet, 9 Inches tall at the shoulders and almost 30 feet long and weighing In the neighborhood of 20,000 pounds, that looked like a rhinoceros under a.magnifying glass—a rhinoceros that lacked the horns of the present-day rhino. It had long legs, a small head, a large neck, and doubtless a tough hide. Its teeth were unusual In that it had two great Incisor teeth In each jaw, which the animal probably used .In tearing leaves and branches from bashes. Its name, the Baluchitherium, is-derived from the fact that-the first fossils were found in Baluchistan. those who deal with adolescent delin quents and will be included In the university’s school of religious and so cial work. With only college graduates eligible, the program Is based on the results during the last two years at the school in technic of ■ psychological adjust ments. LOEB FEVER MACHINE FOR ANOTHER’S CRIME Snake With Hind Legs ^ Is Found in Nebraska .. Omaha, Neb.—A snake with two legs was brought to town by Harry O. Pal mer from his farm at Louisville,. He says snakes with legs are rare, but they do have them sometimes. The fact that these may properly be called hind legs makes the reptile particu larly worthy of notice. In Its captor’s opinion. The snake la a spreading riper, one of the nonvenomous kind. It 1a’two feet long and its legs are about fire inches from the tip of the tail They don't amount to anything to speak of, because they measure only a little more than a quarter of . an Inch In length, but nobody can deny that they are leg! Edward Singleton, who serred four jeara In the Indiana penitentiary for .a thaft of which he waa innocent Re cently the guilty man confessed and Blnclaton was released. <1 a ... , - - - ’ A Boston Offers College Course on Youths’ Sins, Boston, Mass.—A new course in the “sins of .youth" will bo arallable next year at Boston unlrerslty. The course, called “Institute of Character Adjustment,* win train This machine uses short radio wares to produce fever In the body of a patient, a treatment that has met with considerable success In treating cer tain diseases. Revive Old ^Michigan Peninsula Canal Plan Gladstone, Mich.—The, proposed An Train canal across the Upper Michigan peninsula, connecting Lakes Snperior and Michigan, first suggested In 1887, again Is receiving support here. State officials recently submitted tha project to the Federal Relief adminis tration fbr survey, study, and prelimi nary planning. $85,000,000. The canal won would reduce tl iron and cop] Michigan and in addition to its advantages in tional detense. estimated cost is be 36 miles lotig and cost of transporting ores from northern nneeota to Chicago na> W HEN all Is said and doi^, health" is the greatest asset thal s hu man being can possess. There are many other things that are conducive to happiness, but they sink into second place when we think of s diseased or crippled body. Most any physician who was on the draft board during the World war. Will tell you of the large number of young men who were physically unfit to be classed- as A-l men, and they win also tell you that most of these phy sical defects could have been prevent ed of eradicated in youth. These were the school children of yesterday. Our schools are wasting enormous sums In educating, or trying" to edu cate, the children who are handicapped by 111 health, when the expenditure of much smaller amounts In a judicious health program would produce an enormous saving In economy and effi ciency. A dollar spent ptamptly la a timely, constructive effort 1 tq conserve a child’s health will be more fruitful for the child and for human society than will a thousand dollars applied twenty years later. Better than 90 per cent—24,000,000— of oar school children have defective teeth, and all defective teeth are In jurious to health. Some of these de tective teeth are deadly menaces to their owners. „ Seventy-five per cent—17,000,000—<jf the school children of tjfc United States have physical defects which are po tentially or actually, detrimental to health, and most of these defects are remediable. One of the most appalling revelations ef recent years is the conclusion based on nnrefuted evidence that the rural school children of *the country are handicapped by more physical defects than pupils in city schools. - While sev eral significant causes seem to be re sponsible for this condition, the pres ent inferiority of country children de pends in part upon the fact that city children receive moreJiealth care thaa those In rural regions. Where ah Intensive study of mouth conditions has been carried out,-it has been proved that dental attention alone will cure at least 50 per cent of the other troubles. Most of the- organic heart troubles, glandular diseases; maW nutrition and tuberculosis are caused by defective teeth. , It has been said that if all tha dentists in the United States were sent ■ to New/ York, they could not ade quately care for* the persons with detectivf teeth in that city. * While all these facts are well known, doesn’t it seem as If a little money should be spent upon the physical as well a* the mental welfare of the chU- For all the work we have done on them, we still know very little Con cerning them. Infantile paralysis made its appear ance in the nineties of the last century and became epidemic af|ter 1900. Sleep ing sickness was first observed in the post-war period. It followed the in fluenza wave of 1918 and 1919. Then came a new type of sleeping sickness, encephalitis, not nearly so fatal nor so disabling as the other type. En cephalitis made its first appearance in this coyntry In Paris, 111., in the sum mer of 1032, then In St. Louis and west ern Illinois in 1033, and again in Illi nois In the summer of 1034. The first thing a scientist does In studying a new disease is to learn what animal is susceptible to that disease, and then to determine whether the dis ease Is caused by germs that can he seen with a microscope or by germs so Infinitesimally small that no micro scope yet made Is powerful enough to reveal them—this second, type of germ Is called a virus. Medical laboratories throughout the country have been try ing to Inoculate all kinds of animals with infantile paralysis and slet-ping sickness, but so far It is only the mon key that has proved susceptible. And since monkeys are expensive animals, there are only a few research centers that have the funds to carry on this experimentation. The scientists working on these two new diseases have been able to deter mine th^it they are caused by two in visible viruses, but more than that we don’t know. We also believe that the common cold and Influenza, and small pox, chickenpox. measles and mumps are caused by viruses, but whether there is any “family connection” be tween all these virus diseases, we haven’t yet determined. Bacteriologists are now beginning to speak of “virus flora.” They think that the people of various sections of the world and of a country have s “virus flora” In their noses and throats that is as different from the virus flora In another section of the world as the. “plant flora” of one section Is different from the plant life of another section. For instance, the virus flora in the noses and throats of the people of Eng land would be as distinctive as Is their plant life, and the virus flora in the noses and throats of the people of the United States would likewise be as dis tinctive as our plant flora Is distinc tive. And the same would hold true for Australia and Germany and India and France and every other geograph ical boundary. bvlltlt } dren in onr {schools? AW-UnMtow Now we each get used to our own particular virus flora, and when we are well we are quite happy with it. It it when we have a breakdown in health that our own virns flora can give us troubhC" " A Also we get used to living with the virus flora of our neighbors when they are well. It lywhen they are sick that we are liable to get too much of their cold virus qr their measles virus for our own good. ! During the World war several mil lions of young and adult men were collected from the four corners of the earth and transported to western Eu rope. Here they lived in Intimate con tact with each other in crowded quar ters; they were subjected to extreme and grueling mental and physical strain. There could not help but be an exchange of Individual virus flora by coughing, sneezing, handshaking, etc. Nothing Uke such an exchange had fver happened In the history of tha world before, The universal Influenza wave of 1918 and 1919 was a result of this kaleidiscopic mixing. It was incu bated. ripened and spread from western Europe Since sleeping sickness made its appearance after this Influenza wave, scientists are asking If there might not be some connection. One good thing about the* Twentieth century diseases is that they. do. not seem to he contagious sense as diphtheria, scarlet fever and typhoid fever. There Is seldom a sec ond esse in the same household. •. Western NewsMeer Uni— _„ r 1 is all so simple and reasonable. If your physical let-down is caused by lowered red blood corpuscles-- which is all too frequent—-then SJS.S. Tonic is waiting to help yon...and will, unless yon have a serious organic trouble that demands s physician or surgeon. Remember, S.SJ5. is not just a so* called “tonic." It is a tank specially designed to stimulate gastric secre tions, and also has the mineral ele ments so very, very necessary in rebuilding the oxygen-carrying red corpuscles In the blood. This two-fold purpose is impor tant Digestion is improved...food is better utilised... and thus you are 7 enabled to better “carry on" without exhaustion—as you should naturally. You may have the will-power to hi. “up and doing" but unless your blood Is m top noten form you are not fully • yourself and yon may remark, % wonder why I tire so easily." Let SSS. help build bade jost blood tone...If yonv case is not exceptional, von should soon again the satisfaction of' food...sound sleep...steady nerves | tf f UlMl J i i a good complexion, ed strength. S.S.S. is sold hr idl drag stores la two sixes. The ft economy also fti twice as large as the HJ8 regular site and is sufficient for two w f it s treatment Begin an the aproad today. OMACs. Makes you f—IIUts younslt again Applied Logie Teacher—What Is a polygon? Bright Boy—A parrot that hat «t caped.—Answers Magadan, CLASSIFIED ADS nNGnwAvnro , lean at bom*. W« teach you how. < plot* eoureo for Hmtted time tl.OS. l*o for information. THOMPSON. Has JasMStowa. N. T. II \1 I l\ < 1 kill M .> V it r.. •* 1 ! ( j I ,t !!<' W|to|i son«: hv on! n I M ‘