University of South Carolina Libraries
r.’-y.-r. * \ t The Barnwell People^entlnel. Barnwell. S. C« Thursday, March 7, 1935 •^W *&?■ KrJ News Review of Current — Events the World Over New Deal Sighs Relief as Supreme Court 0. K’g Gold Laws—President Urges Congress to Extend NRA Two More Years. „ u By EDWARD W. PICKARD ©. Weitem Newtpaper Union. P RESIDENT ROOSEVKI/T'and the New Dealer* breathed faster after the United States Supreme court hand ed down Its decision sustaining Inval id a l I o n of "gold Clauses" In private contracts, hut not on federal bonds. While It was held that the government must pay off Its bonds In gold or Its equivalent In de valued currency, an other ruling that the Wi Court of Claims had no Jurisdiction over such cases means that President ^ p e Impossible Roosevelt for ^ifjprg 0 f federal bonds to collect on their old gold basis. In other words, the holder of a $1,000 federal bond Is entitled to a technical value of $1,000. but In reality It would be Impractical to make any collection of that amount, since the Court of Claims Is the only tribunal before which suits against the government may be taken, and other courts may not entertain such suits without a spe cial act of congress. The court also held that those who held gold certificates had no cause of action and could not sue the govern ment The power of congress to deal with currency was fully upheld. Not only this country, but the entire world, awaited what the "nine lonely old men" of the Supreme court had to say about the Roosevelt monetary pol icies. The decision Is ranked with the court’s decisions In the Dartmouth col lege cases In 1818 which upheld the sanctity of contract, and In the Dred Scott slavery, case In 18-'»7 which had much to do with hastening the out break of the t’lvil war. Briefly, the ruling said: 1. Congress has the power to nullify promises to pay In gold contained In the bonds of private corporations. ^ 2. A gold certificate is worth only Its face value In present -devalued cur rency. Congressional power over the currency Includes the right to estab lish circumstances under which gold certificates need not be redeemed in gold or Its e<|Uivalent. 3. Congress has no authority under the Constitution to abrogate the pay ment In-gold clause of government bonds, but. as no actual damage has been shown, therefore there is no basis tor suit for recovery. The decision was read by Chief Jus tice Charles Evans Hughes, who voted with Justices Braudels, Stone, Roberts and Cardoso in the majority. Dissent ers were Justices McReynolds, Van Devanter, Sutherland and Butler, the four socalled conservatives. Satisfaction within the administra tion was evident at once. Justice McReynolds was spokesman for the dissenters. He unleashed a scathing attack on the majority views. His voice vibrant, he said: "The Constitution as we have know’n It Is gone.” "If given effect, the enactments here challenged will bring about conbsca- tlon of property rights and repudia tion of national obligations.” "Just men regard spoliation of citi zens by their sovereign with abhor rence, but we are asked to affirm that the Constitution has granted power to accomplish both." "No definite delegation of such a power exists; and we cannot believe the farseelng framers, who labored with hope of establishing Justice and securing the blessings of liberty, in tended that the expected government should have authority to annihilate its • own obligations and destroy the very rights which they were endeavoring to protect.” Notified"'that Chief Justice Hughes was reading the decision. President Roosevelt went to the cabinet room, where he listened to telephone reports from an aid. Three cabinet officers were at his side. The Chief Executive was -prepared to take swift action to protect the credit of the government in case an adverse decision was hand ed down, but executive orders were unnecessary. The carefully prepared program was not needed. posed further protection of small en terprises against discrimination and oppression. His suggestions. If adopted, would keep , code violators from behind the bars. "The way to enforce laws, codes and regulations relating to Industrial practices is not to seek to put people In Jail,” he said. Admitting some mistakes, the Presi dent was well satisfied that the NRA had done a good Job considering Its short existence. "Only carping critics and those who seek political advantage and the right again to indulge In unfair practices or exploitation of labor or consumers rie liberately seek to quarrel over the eb vlous fact that a great code of law, of order and of decent business cannot be created In a day or a year,” Mr. Roosevelt declared. All details of the legislation were left to congress. While this Is In prog ress, the senate finance committee pro poses to conduct the Nye-McCarran In vestigation of the NRA administration and codes. The Judiciary subcommit tee reported no funds available, but the Inquiry, which has the President’s approval, will be attempted without money. jV^ORE thnn 100 men were reported killed or woupded In a- skirmish In the "demilitarized" zone which lies between Manchukuo and China north of Tientsin. -The clash was between the recently formied Peace Proserva tlon corps and the Ewanchow militia. The Peace Preservation corps, which has the approval of the Chinese gov ernment, was receiving money and arms from ’fhe Japanese, it was al leged. The militia h supported^by lo cal Chinese interests. T WO more years of the NRA, with clarification of policies, mere effec tive enforcement qf codes and the granting of "unquestioned power" to the federal government, were urged by the President In a message to congress. The national recovery act termi nates June id this year. “Abandon ment would be unthinkable." he said, naming the act as "the biggest factor In giving re-employment to approxi mately 4.000.000 people." He said (congress must maintain the fundamental principles of the act to establish at least a minimum fair trade practice and lalair relations standard, pleading thgt child labor musi stay out and that fixing of wages and hours was practical and necessary; "" Answering recent protests of labor, be said: "The rights of employees freely to organize for the purpose of collective bargainlng'bhould be fully protected. Vr- ** He urged more strict application of anti-trust laws, condemned monopolies and private price Axing, opposed hind sauces to fair competition, and pro- Secretary Wallace VriCTOR A. GHRISTHAU, demoted from his position of second rank Ing officer o? the AAA In the recent shake-up which involved several al leged radicals, resigned In protest. Chester C. Davis, administrator, had not accepted the "resignation and Sec retary of Agriculture Wallace was at. tempting to persuade Christgnu to change his mind. Wallace hinted that there had been differences between Christgnu and A. H. l.nuterbarh. chief of the AAA dairy sec tion, over the milk policy. A protege of Un dersecretary Rexford Guy Tugwell. Christ gnu was also supposed to have encountered "friction* with other members of the de partment. This gave rise to new rumors that Brain Truster Tugwell will resign be fore his Influence In the AA£ Is too severely curtailed by the demotion and ouster of his con f re res. Meanwhile amendments to the Agri cultural Adjustment act were declared to conceal dangerous, arbitrary^ and autocratic powers over farmers.' manu facturers and distributors of farm products, by the legislative committee of the agricultural industries confer ence in Washington. The committee cited the provision that the AAA may require, that a licensed processor pur chase only from those who sign con tracts. It charges that the amend ments jaake no provision for the farm er to express himself In the matter of licenses, but contain provisions for price control, markets, production and purchasing. Through Indirect restric tion of the farmer’s market, these pro visions are equivalent to a licensing of the farmer, according to the com mlttee. "The entire economic life of communities could he directed from Washington," the committee said. -r 'V 7 DRUNO RICHARD HAUPTMANN escaped th-* electric chair at least temporarily when a writ of error- filed by defense attorneys earned him a stay of the execution sentence which was to be carried out at Trenton, nT. J., March 18. The Bronx carpen terTS life Is safe at least until Sep teniber or October, since a further ap peal can he made to the court of par dons If the court of errors and ap peals falls to uphold the writ. Lloyd C. Fisher and Frederick A. Pope pre sented the appeal a.fier a battle with Chief Defense Counsel Edward J. Reilly, who subsequently threatened that either he or Fisher would have to withdraw from the Hauptmann de fense. The hearing will p^ibably take place at the next session of the court, which begins Mpy .21. “ Part of the dissension among de fense attorneys was thought to exist because Reilly never challenged the assumption that the body of the dead baby was that of Lindbergh's son. George H. Foster, former Investigator for the defense, declared that sever* autopsies were ready to show that the baby could not have been Lindy's be cause It was four Inches taller than Charles A. Lindbergh. Jr.; was id a less Identifiable condition than wonid have been possible In the mild weath er following the kidnaping, and was embaliBedl "T" BRISBANE THIS WEEK The Gold Decision Beheading Women Murder With Germs The Atom. Absolute Zerd The Supreme court upholds the Pres ident and Congress in their legislative and executive ac tion outlawing gold aa money In the United States and invalidating "gold classes” in private contracts. The Supreme court’s decision Is all the more Impor tant and gratifying, because every American kjiowg ' that no considera tion outside the letter of the Con stitution conld have influenced Chief Justice Hughes or his associates. The Supreme court decision disposes of the statement that President Roose velt’s administration has been proceed ing "regardless of the Constitution.’* The decision will be reassuring to busi ness and the public generally. V e National Topics Interpreted j ~ ^ by William Bmckart National Proas Bundling Washington, D. C. Arthur Brisbane From every point of view the be heading of women by Mr. Hitler’s gov ernment seems to have been a pain fully disgusting performance. The women’s hands were bound with steel chains—In fear, perhaps, that they might hlte through strings or straps. The agile headsman, in full dress, cut off both heads In six mlnuies. The women were beheaded out of doors in the night, just before dawn, with flood lights for the headsman’s work. Witnesses of the killings praise the composure of the two women. Each walked to her death erect, wrists chained behind her, showing no sign of fear. An eyewitness said: “They set a good example to our men, whom we usually have to drag to the scaffold.” You have read about "war with germs” In the next great outburst. India proves that It could be done. At Alipore two are condemned to deqth, convicted of "germ murder^ As rich Amarendra Nath Pandey walked along the street he felt a sharp stab. He cried out. A germ poisoner had In jected plague germs Into his blood. Amarendra died. His murderers were his step-brother and lils doctor. Two other doctors, accused, were acquitted. A well-organized germ war could be disagreeable, distributing disease germs above great cities and In reservoirs from planes. At Leyden, In Holland, scientists have produced a degree of cold said to approach within one five-thousandth of a degree of absolute zero. A gigantic electro-magnet. In com bination with liquid helium, produces the lowest temperature ever known on earth. . - ~ . The lowest possible degree of cold, the absolute zero, would be minus 273 degrees centigrade, or minus 459.6 Fahrenheit At least science thinks so. It used to call the atom "smallest frag ment of matter." Science needs “absolute zero" to help In tearing apart the atom, now known to be a miniature solar system. Doctor Steihacb of Vienna, whose business has been transplanting glands of lower animals to the bodies of men, to prolong youth and extend the years of possible parentage, an nounces now^a "chemical substance" that makes'transplanting glands un necessary. The chemical, called prog- ynon, possibly a compound of “prog eny.” Is available for men or women. The fact that a demand for It exists proves what fools there are. among men and women, seeking for more trouble, aftrt- kind nature has set them free. * Washington.—Certain signs of tran sition are appearing In the political _ picture. They are Third Party becoming clear Rumbling* enough to deserve attention. What they may mean In the ultimate can be made only the subject of a guess—politics being what they are—but Interesting circumstances can be noted as of this day and time. Third party rnmbllngs are beginning to be heard along the whole political front- This is noteworthy because third party rumblings usually are con fined to a few sectors, some Important some unimportant The Insurgents, radicals, progressives, and independ ents all seem to be examining the po litical -horizons of 1936. Roughly, those factions enumerated have been classified as the "sons of the wild Jack ass,” an appellation given them by George H. Moses of New Hampshire, when he was filling a Republican seat In the United States senate. The fact that they remain and that Mr. Moses has passed out of the political picture is not the point. It was his descrip tion of them that gave the country its first grouping of the political faction^ that have consistently kicked over the traces pf the major political parties. The fact that these various groups are again examining the potentialities and the possibilities of 1936 brings di rectly Into question the progress made by the New Deal in Its program of reformnMon or revolution, depending on the political perspective from which you consider the New Deal. It is two years since President Roosevelt Carried his New Deal into the White House. ' Much water has gone over the dam since. Many ex- ■perlments have been tried and many have failed. Doubtless considerable progress of a satisfactory form has re sulted. Yet, the "sons of the wild Jackass” are not satisfied. It may he because Mr. Roosevelt has ceased to pnll so many white rabbits out of a hat after the fashion of a magician, that has caused unaffiliated factions so much disturbance. Or it may be because the Republicans, as the op position party a,t present, have been utterly stymied .in their efforts to per form opposition functions that have proved the temptation for the so-called .left wingers to capitalize whatever political opportunities remain .for ex ploitation. I think It Is the general conclusion that the New Deal has not come up to expectations of the left wingers. Per haps, It might be said that nothing that the New Dealers can offer will be quite satisfactory to the left wingers, for they are difficult to satisfy. Their fertile minds are even more produc tive of experimental Ideas than are the minds even of the brain trusters, and no one has ever said a brain trust mind was not fertile. At any rate, the Henry Ford views money philosophi cally as merely an abstract “Indefinite, incoherent homogeneity,” as Herbert Spencer might have called It. ‘ Mr. Cameron, broadcasting, mentioned cas ually the fact that Mr. Ford in one year Ipst $68,000,000. - When this.writer asked Henry Ford what was the most money he had lost In any year while “changing type" and reorganizing, he replied: “L-didn’t lose any money. I only distributed some money.” .n- It has been customary at executions In New Jersey state prison to admit relatives of a murdered man, that they may witness the killing of the mur derer; very considerate. If relatives of one murdered really desire to see the murderer as he sit* in the chair, straining against the straps and froth ing behind the mask. It is safe to predict that Colonel Llndhergh will re ject the Invitation to see Hauptmann put to death for the kidnapinr and murder of his child. -V James A. Mqffett, federal bousing administrator, says the country Is out of the depression but does not know It Id the West he “found business condi tions definitely Improved. Ixjs Angeles alone has pledged $100,000,000 in new construction and modernization involv ing Al) types of buildings.” San Fran .cisco likewise has embarked on an am bltlous building program. Now If 10.000,000 or 12,600,000 Idle Americans can get back to jobs, even though they may "not know It," all will be well. fe Kin* FcnturM Syndicate, lao. WNU Barvloa. >- circumstance Is cut and dried ami an abundance of material for a third party awaits us by that type of politL clan. Observers here agree that one can not consider the outlook for 1936, and the national elections of that time, without considering -the influence that these left wingers may wield. I be lieve It Is conceded everywhere that If Mr. Roosevelt succeeds in leading the Country through to a higher level of prosjierity than now graces our tor- tpups-the Republican chances to de feat him are very, very low. If, on the other hand, conditions continue as they now are, Mr. Roosevelt certainly Is going to have to battle this progres sive set-up—to adopt one label for all of them—as well as the conservative group centering largely In the Repub licans. From this It becomes plain that a third party probably would draw away from Mr. Roosevelt all of those radicals and liberals who would go beyond hla policies, while the Re publicans obviously will hold their own conservative strength and sap the Roosevelt forces to some extent by taftlng conservative Independents from that aide. AH In all, If the third party Idea comes through, we can look for a fine political scramble^ t froni July to November of the 1936 campaign. • • • The progressives, Including such men as LaFollette of Wisconsin, Norris of Nebraska, and Need Hero wheeler of Montana, Leader to name only three. seem to feel that the New Deal program has about Jelled. They know, aa^ all political observers know, that there are a good many hun dred thousand votes scattered around waiting (o bq cast In favor of a pro* gram much (iiore radical than that to which Mr. Roosevelt has been willing to agree. But the progressives have a distinct problem of their own. It la an entire absence of an outstanding leader of the hero type who can sound the trumpet and call for the progres sives to *follow iqe.” My Inquiries among all veins of political opinion have given me no clue to the name of an Individual who can head up the movement. Aa I said above, however, results cannot be predicted now and oue must add to thar statement ah>o that one cannot guess at the leadership of this new movement because It will, have to Jell further before that leader ship appears on the horizon. It la even possible that these cur rent third party rumblings will mean no more than they.have In many cases I LIFE’S IMPORTANT .THINGS My llpt of the four moat preferable things In life la: First, wisdom; sec ond, domestic happiness; third, rec ognition and encouragement; fourth, welfare of one’* country.—Dean Inge the past This la true because there Is not a Theodore Roosevelt In sight at the moment and some astute polltl-' dans Insist there is not one In the country. If a man of the late Teddy’* type and qnalltles should come to the surface then probably this third party movement would develop Into formid able proportions. If one does not show up, l do not see how the progressives will be any more In 1936 than the scat tered fragments of a dozen-odd polit ical philosophies. That brings us to some of the cir cumstances In congress at the present time. In previous letters I have re ported to you that there were signs Indicaitlng difficulties for Mr. Roosevelt in holding his gigantic Democratic ma jorities together in the house and sen ate. That condition has become some what more aggravated than “ It ap peared when I first commented upon It There have been minor defections breaking loose from the Democratic majority in the house and In the sen ate with considerable frequency. On one or two oceaslqps the defections were exceedingly large and, when joined with the Republican minority, were almost large enough to constitute the majority strength. The Democrat ic leadership has wriggled out, thereby saving Its skin, bpt the-margin of safe ty was such as to cause sleepless nights not only In the Capitol, but In high places In the administration. As one of the < signs of this grow ing discontent, one has only to look back over the last few weeks and ob serve the continued prodding being given the adqiinistratlon from the Democratic side. The worst phase of this prodding is the apparent willing ness of many Democratic representa tives and senators to promote inves tigations. ». , • • • There Is a faction In congress, all claiming , to be good Democrats, who are on the trail of Seek Farley** Postmaster General Scalp Farley’s scalp. There Is another bloc of equally good Democrats who would be quite happy to have Secretary Ickes ousted out of the position of secretary of the Interior and who squawked loud and long about giving Mr. Ickes con trol of the $5,000,000,000 relief appro priation. Within the last few days a gang has banded together on the trail of Donald | Richberg, until recently the man who was closest of any in the administra tion to the President To add to Mr. Richberg’s troubles, he Is on the outs. ‘ with the American Federation of La- j bor and it must be said that the fed eration can do a great deal with many members of the house and senate. So, when the legislation for continuance of the .National Recovery AdmlnlstratUm gets on the floors of congress I think dt la likely this group will tear off some Richberg bark. Goifernor Eccles of the Federal Re serve bureau, a rather new New Deal er and a fast thinker, has not helped the administration’s situation In con gress any by his bank bill He has antagonized the most virulent tighter in the halls of congress,' namely. Sen ator Glass, Democrat oft Virginia, by the banking proposals which he spon sored. Senator Glass has always had a following in the senate tfnd he has it now. Whatever he does, therefore, his leadership will be important be cause he will have not only Ids own following but the conservative Repub licans as well. The banking legislation, according to the view in many quarters, may turn out to be the focal point, the is sue. on which the line of cleavage be tween the administration New Dealers and the conservatives will he definite ly established. • • • In discussing Congressional troubles for the administration no one •’.area overlook the stocky As to figure * of Senator Huey Long H,,e y Huey _ Just does not like Mr. Roosevelt. In fact Huey would like to be President himself. Political ambitions combined with a vitriolic tongue give Huey a broad platform upon which to perform and unless I miss my guess .he is. willing to be-in creasingly troublesome to the admin istration. Huey knows that the administration la going to overlook qo opportunity for harpooning him. Among the exec utive department!*! In Washington, one, hears hints, and sometimes more than llhits. that Huey is vulnerable apd that thefie weaknesses Ur his armor will be exposed In due course. How much steam the administration can or will turn nn Is highly problematical. It must he remembered that If, for ex ample, Attorney* General Cum/nlngs should authorize or direct any ac tion against Huey the Louisiana sen ator Immediately would capitalize those orders as ajn administration movement to persecute him. In other words the administration Is In a spot where It can easily make a martyr out of Huey. The result of that would be to strengthen Huey’s position Im measurably. I am told that any fight ing back on the part of the adminis tration. In so far as Huey Long la concerned,- 1* -going to be given long and serious consideration because Huey is a political bombshell. •. Wemtern Newtpaper finiew. A Law Every Mother Should Know and Observe Never Give Your Child An Unknown Remedy without Asking Your Doctor First According to any doctor you ask, the only safe way is never to give your, child a remedy you don’t know all about, without asking him first. . When it comes to “milk of magnesia,” that you know every where, for over 60 years, doctors have said “PHILLIPS’ Milk of Magnesia for your child.” So—always say Phillips* when you. buy. And, for your own peace oti mind, see that your child gets this; the finest men know. ShjUi Aft Stiff jZ&jtSd You can assist others by refusing to accept a substitute for the tenuine Phillips’ Milk of Mag nesia. Do this in the interest of yourself and your children —and in the In terest of the public in general. Phillips’ » AiilA cf Alaeftieiia- Mere Atom ——- - ^ A man wrapped up In himself malies a very small package. F FLOWERS YOUR NEIGHBORS WILL ENVY Don’t take a back seat when ft conies to grow ing flowers* Plant Ferry’s Purebred Flower Seeds and your garden wiH be the envy of every one in your neigh borhood. They are pure bred seeds*—the off spring of generations of perfect plants. YOUR NEIGHBORHOOD STORE SELLS THEM IN FRESH DATED PACKETS —-MANY ONLY . . . • L - u t Leads to Temptation w If one la very smart, that Is. "clev er,* the temptation to be dishonest may be greater. y COUGHS k — naads mor than cosmatlc* Beauty of skin comae from within. When con stipation clogs thepore* with intestinal wastes. CLEANSE INTER- NALLY with Garfield Tea. Helps relieve the dogg edsyttem prompt* ly,mildly,effecti vely^tr yomrdrus Uore 25c & 10c GARFIELD TEA RNJ. O’-PAS L/i| I C RATS MICE IXILL^ r CCKpoaches l\ TLHES / AS* YOUR DEALER "V