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» •. ■> * Barnwell Pteopl well, S. C. Thursday, January 31, 1935 CURRENT EVENTS ut 1 a PRESIDENT PRESENTS "SOCIAL SECURITY PLAN"—GOLD RULING DEFERRED. Pr«sicl«nt RooMv«lt ty aDWARP W. PICKARD £). W«Ktern Nawapapar Union. 'T'HK oiogt far-flunK Innovation the New I>eal has proiiosed thus far— the "social security plan** proposed by President Roosevelt—has aroused a storm of discussion. Administration adher ents greeted the scheme with wild en thusiasm, „ while the op position, led by Sena tor Borah, Idaho, has voiced vigorous criti cisms. All business In con gress has been side tracked to permit Im mediate action on the proposed measure. Public hearings have ■Iready been started In the senate finance committee, and the house ways and means committee has postponed consideration of the bonus bill to work on the security plan. This Is feeing done at the President’s behest. The plan provides: Flexible, but compulsory unemploy ment Insurance under a federal-state system restricted to workers and financed by a fl per certt tax on pay rolls after January 1, 1038. The gov- ernment will aid In bearing administra tion costs, and the treasury will han dle the fund. Ninety per cent of the pay roll tax Is to be refunded to em ployers who contributed to state un employment plans. A maximum of $15 a week of compensation to begin four weeks after the worker loses his Job and to last for not more than sixteen weeks 1s contemplated. The second part of the/plan pro vides for old-age pensions. The gov ernment Is to cooperate with the states and pay a maximum of $30 a month to persons over sixty-five. The national government Is also to aid states In formulating a plan for per sons under sixty-five which will be financed Jointly by employer and em plqyee through a pay roll tax; the funds to be handled by the federal government: the amount of pensions to be a percentage of the employee’s wage; with non-manual employees re ceiving more than $250 a month to be exempt from the plan. The third section of the scheme pro vides for appropriations to give bet ter facilities to caring for mothers, and de|>endent and crippled children, and Ht* fourth section would furnish larger appropriations for public health altL'inveatlgation and research. V Cost of the entire program to the federal government will be $100,000,- 000 next year and $200,000,000 In suc ceeding years. The cost to the states will be $75,000,000 next year and $150,- 000,000 In succeeding years. Some Idea of the size of the plan may be gained from the report of the President's cab inet which said seserves for old-age pensions must be maintained after some years at $15,250,000,000. C*UKOPRAN statesmen anxiously watched developments In the can tons of Euiien and Malmedy on the Bel glan frontier *as gendarmerie re-en forcements were rushed to arrest Nazi agitators who have been advocating an nexation of that territory with theater- man relch. loyalists renort a ^ cam/ palgn of terrorism has been carried on against those who have refused to Join an organization directed by the Brown Shirts. The Belgian government Is ex pected'to lodge a complaint with the League of Natlons. - —^ t ^ A celebration was recently held over the Saar vpte, and manifeateea were posted on the street corners urging the residents to ••follow the example of. the Saar. Return to the fatherland." Thou sands of. Incendiary pirmphlets, said to have been printed in Uermany, ‘ have also been distributed. The cantons which were taken from Germany under the Versailles treaty have considerable commercial Impop- tance. Formerly a part of Rhenish Prussia, they have an area of about 400 square miles and a population In excess of 30,000 people. Btipen boasts spinning mills and other establishments connected with the textile- Industry, Iron foundries, machine shops and tan nerlea. ' ~ w ’ . '/ TP HE final fate of NBA seems to be * up to tiie President Reports from the capital say the National Industrial board, successor to Gen. Hugh Johnson, who asserts NBA Is “as ; extinct as the dodo." has avoided a direct recommendation that the Institution be made permanent Since this was evidently done with the ap- Presl- ^^ORTH DAKOTA, for many years a political hotbed, ran true to form, as Impeachment proceedings were pushed against Gov. Thomas H. Moodle, Democrat, by the dominant Nonpartisan Woe In -the legislature. Charges are made that Moodle* “usurped” the office when he “knew" he was disqualified to serve. It Is claimed that Moodle Is not a United States citizen, and that he has not been a resident of the state long enough to permit him to hold office.' Shortly after the Nonpartisan league faction In the house rushed through the resolution of Impeachment, Moodle retaliated by stationing National Guardsmen at the executive offices to thwart possible attempts of foes to seize the official quarters. These were Inter removed when legal requirements for Impeachment proceedings were met by the house. dent, the future of the Blue Ragle seems to Donald b ® 80luewha t Clouded. Ri<*hh«rn Th ® l)0,,rd . Which Richb.ni Donald Rlchberg I. chairman, pointed out three possible courses which the President can follow. The first course would be to make NRA permanent, but in simplified form. Under this plan, every Industry would have to go ^nder a code 1 fixing wage and hour limits and prohibiting child labor. Trade practice provisions would be entirely voluntary. In rare cases where price- fixing Is employed, the govern mentj not the Industry, would fix the price. • The second course wou tend the NRA as It nmV ^ fur a limited period. . ♦ Ion of this kind Is enact will expire automatically on June 16. The third course would amend and extenll the NRA. DEALERS sighed with relief 1 ^ as the Supreme court recessed until February 4 without handing down its decision In the gold ca^ps, thus giving the administration more time In which to prepare legislation de signed to handle the situation In the' event the court renders an adverse decision. At the same time the court promised to decide a case presenting a clear-cut test of the constitutionality of the na tional recovery act, and which will probably have considerable effect upon the ultimate* fate of the already be draggled Blue Engle. The Justices during the next* two weeks will write opinions on cases heard recently, Including In all prob ability the momentous suits testing validity of congressional action in canceling gold payment clauses in IIOO.OUU.OOO.OUO worth of public and private securities. It Is expected that the court will render Its decision soon after February 4, since it has shown a disposition to rule as quickly as pos sible In all matters Involving New Deal legislation. Sen. Hiram Johnson L EGISLATION which would permit.J the small investor to buy govern ment securities and which provides for radical changes In government finan cing has been Introduced In the house by Chairman Doughton of the house ways and means committee. ^ The bill, prepared by the Treasury department, places the administration squarely again*! inflation. It provides authority to raise money necessary for the public worka, social security and almllar measures, meet federal deficits,' and might even be used to provide funds for payment of the soldiers' bonus. Under provisions of the measure there would be ten-year bonda In amounts as small as $28, and as ex plained by the Treasury department, would be sold below par. There would be bo Interest, but each six mouths the bonds would appreciate In value at the rate of 2% per cent, plui cou- pounded earning!. Huge sums are Involved: first; the creation of a revolving bond authorlza- tfoo fund of $24100,000,000; and tec- cafi, the consolidation of the twe pres ent revolving foods of $10,000,000,000 each tore a Joint 99piOOO.OOO.OQO fund MUa, certificates sod notea. ASUINGTON’S most talked of ro- • • mance culminated In the marriage of Anns Roosevelt Dali, daughter of the President, and John Boettlger, newspaper man. The ceremony was performed In the Roosevelt town house In New York, and the couple left Im mediately on a short honeymoon trip. Mrs. Roosevelt, mother of the bride, told reporters she was not surprised, although a few weeks ago she denied any knowledge of an Impending mar riage between her daughter and Boet tlger. Rumors of an attachment be tween the couple have been current for more than a year. The bride was divorced from her hus band, Curtls B. DaH, In Reno last July 31. Four months earlier Boettlger se cured a divorce tn Chicago. DatifICATION of the world court protocols received a setback when Sana tor Hiram Johnson, ^Republican, California, bitterly denounced such ac tion as a “back door entry" to the League of Nations, and sen ate leaders rather than risk an Immedi ate vote, delated defi nite action. / Senator Johnson's attack came on the heels of a special message to the senate from President Roose velt who asked for early ratification , of the protocols. It was the most determined movement yet made to put the United States Into the court — ■ ‘ \ Other senators, It is said, were ready to follow Johnson’s lead, par ticularly Senator Borah, long time foe of the court • Johnson supported his opening at tack on the court by offering four em barrassing reservations to the resolu tion of ratification: . „ 1. Prohibit the court from entertain ing Jurisdiction on any question re lating wholly or In part to Its internal affairs. . - 2. Permit recourse to the court only fey agreement through general or spe cial treaties between the parties In dispute. * . 3. Prohibit t^e court and the league of nations from trying to assume-Jur isdiction on any question which de pends -ttpon or relates t«rthe Monro* Doctrine. 4. Declare the United States, fey Joining the court, assumes no obliga tion*. - Through Johnson’* action; 'these questions must be voted upon befbrfe a final vote can be reached on the resolution of adherence. Although the question has been side tracked for a time. It will'fee brought np soon, It Is said, and Senator Rob inson, Democratic leader, has stated that he was confident, of ratification. A SPIRATIONS of half! dozen candi dates for the more or less obscure office of Vice Pfesldent were definitely dissipated when word was quietly panted that President Roosevelt will again team op with the genial Texao In the 1036 campaign. Considerable talk has been circulated that a mors liberal running mate for the President would be desirable tn the next campaign, and It was sug gested that the choice might tell on Secretary Wallaco or Secretary Ickes, hut aa apparently reliable source Indi cates there #m b* no change la the winning combination ofi 1992. be to ex- nda, but. legMa- .the act W; D EFENSE attorneys for Bruno Haupirnnnn Indicate they will Continue to pin their hopes on the mysterious laador Fisch, little German furrier, whom they claim was the kid naper of Baby Charles Lindbergh, and who used the accused ex-carperiter as an unwitting accomplice. Fisch died from tuberculosis in Uermany. Efforts have been made to link Fisch with every phase of the case—the Lindbergh household, the ransom notes, and tl»e ransom money. Cross-exami nation of the defense counsel always swings back to the theory that Fisch was really the murderer of the child. This will be used In connection with the expressed alibi bf Hauptmann that he was calling for his wife at ^her place of employment on the night of March 1, 11)32, and several witnesses to confute the state's claim that Haupt mann was seen near the Hopewell (N. J.) estate on the day the crime took place will be called. Several oth er “surprise" wlpelSes are exacted to be produced by Edward Reilly, chief attorney for Hafeptmann. Meanwhile the state continued Its at tempts to show that Hauptmann financed his brokerage accounts with the $50,000 ransom money. Two certified public accountants, both government men, were called by the state to estab lish their claim that- although the ac cused was In the market In a small way prior to the kidnaping, his ac counts suddenly- IncreasetL-afteir- the BRISBANE THIS WEEK Old Age Pensions ^ Does Lashing Do Good? Those Cosmic Rays 6,000-Year-Old Graves because old-age pensions as planned, moderately, by the President, would cost one billion dollars a year. Con servatism might better; worry about Doctor. Townsend's plan to give two hundred dollars a month to everybody past sixty years of age, and cost at least twenty-four thousand millions a year. Conservatism might also worry about billions spent uselessly In state, na tional or local government (*0818, and taxes that run above thirteen thou sand million dollars a year. At Wilmington; Del., three, young men, eighteen, twenty and twenty-three years old, were lashed In public, a crowd of one hundred looking on. After the lashing, on the hare back^ the youths began ten-year prison sen tences foi burglary. The lash fright ens criminals more than Imprisonment, as was proved in London, where an epidemic of “garrotting" ended as soon as the lash was used. But what will be the mental state of those young men when they leave prison after long as sociation with Experienced criminals, and constant brooding on the humili ation and pain of the lashing? Can it be hoped that they will be re formed, or be anything except con firmed criminals, and eneuiies of so ciety? * fiys closed out an account listing fifty shares of atock and received an equity of $600, but afterward transactions totaling $350,000 In the nqxt thirty months were carried on by him. This sudden increase, the defense asserts, was the result of Hauptmann being the unsuspecting “front” for the shadowy Fisch. The little furrier. It la claimed, was often seen with Haupt mann In a New York broker’s office, and although all the transactions were carried In Hauptmann’s mune. It was really Fls^b who was conducting thq market operations and who furnished' the capital. The question of the banking and brokerage - accounts br-dooked upon fey- both sides as very important In Its hearing on the trfotive of the crime. The state asserts Hauptmann wanted money In order to live without work ing,, and to satisfy his passion for stock market speculation. AR flamed again In Manchukuo as the Japanese massed 4,000 troops" In preparation for a drive Into Chahar province, west of Jehol an<f northwest of Peiping. Infantry and aviation units are being sent from Chengte^, capital of Jehol province, against Tanln arid Tokochen, adjacent to the Jehol-Chahar border. The Jap anese claim both towns belong to the Manchukuo regime. Notice to vacate the towns has already been Issued to the Chinese controller of the- province. Japan's action Is seen by Chinese leaders as a determined gesture to In timidate Mongolian\ princes of Inner Mongolia and to cut Rie overland route connecting Peiping wiyi Ursa, capital, of Soviet controlled Outer Mongolia. Th<> situation la viewed^ with consid erable apprehension by Sriylet Russia. The drive will bring Japanese military operations Into direct contact, with the borders of .Outer Mongolia, afed prac tically all high officials of th\ terri tory who have been attending^ the Soviet anniversary celebration^ tn cow have hurried back to their pro vinces. A learned German says he has dis covered the source of “cosmic rays" that bombard all spaced constantly passing through your body, although you don’t know It, driven by the ter rific energy of billions of vrilts. The professor suggests that the bombard ment may occasionally break flown a few of the atoms In the humany body, thus slowly changing hemllly. That sounds like a great deal of Rou ble. to change heredity, which depends, really, on the right girl choosing tfi e right kind of father for her children. Doctor Sukenik; professor of arche ology in the Hebrew University of Jeru salem, has discovered graves six thou sand years old, that go far back of Moses and Job and others well known. These graves were dug, and filled, long before the Jewish nation had made Jerusalem their principal city, when other, earlier races inhabited the site of “old Jerusalem." National Topics Interpreted by William Bruckart National Presa Building Washington, D, C. ransom money was paid. At one time Talking Into a telephone In the White prior -to—the kidnaping;—Hauptmann House, with amplifiers aT the other end, the President greeted six hundred members of the Holland society, at din ner in New York. He felt pride In contributions made to this country by - -the men of-Holland through three hun dred years.- The Roosevelts are of Dutch .origin, but unlike his distant cousin, Theodore Roosevelt, the Pres ident did not recite any childish Dutch poems about cows in “the kopjes.” To know what the old Hollanders really were, aa fightera and “stayers,” read Motley. Washington.—It Is seldom that any genuine widespread Interest is evi denced In de- Supreme Coart cislons by the Su- Ha» Loot Word preme Court ofr 1 the United State#.- Although ’Chat distinguished body of nine men holds In Its hands power co equal to that of the President and of congress, some way 4t has never been a part of the government to which at tention has been -directed nationally. Of course, there are more people who are not lawyers than who are familiar with laws and that may be the answer to Che fact that the Supreme court can be said to be little known. But It seems now that the court, la to be a center of attracthm Just us Interesting as either the executive or legislative branches. The reason Is that the highest legal tribunal In the land has before It tor decision some of the most momentous legal contro versies to engage .the country since flte days of the Civil war. Through many months, questions concerning the New Deal, their legality and constitution ality, have been wending their slow, tortuous way through the lower courts, through the courts of appeals to the court of last resort under the structure which we know as. our government. One of these, as I reported to you previously, has already been decided. In that instance, the SupVeme court by a vole of eigljt of! the nine Judges de termined that president Roosevelt had gone beyond the powers accorded him under the Constitution In prohibiting export, of oil from the state where It was recovered. , Within a very short time now the most Important case of all affecting the New Deal will he delfride^.J refer to the so-called gold cases. Five ques tions are before the court and If It decides adversely to the government’s claim on any of them, the monetary policy upon which the New Deni has beeen operating becomes virtually null and void. The court .beard lengthy arguments by high powered lawyers on the part of the government and on the part of private citizens who claim that their rights have been abridged by the Roosevelt money policies and they naturally are seeking redress. No one dares to make a prediction concerning pending action by the Su preme court. It can be only p guess at any time In advance of a rule by that groUp of men because with one or two exceptions 8lncr~the nation teas founded, l^s decisions have never out alu Names that sound strange to West ern ears figure in the case of Tony Fon Lew, “Chinese doll bride.” She • n £ h ®r-«.I!ggefl father,-Mr. r Qln Lem, are accused of arranging marriages, taking money, and then not marrying. Mr. Rack Lew Gee, angry Chinese merchant, says he paid $1,800 to mar ry the toy bride, but got no bride. Other Interesting names figure In a discussion that almost caused war be tween the Los Angeles Hop Sing Tong and the Four Families Association. Chinese names sound strange to our ears, but Jones or Robinson would sound ridiculous to the Chinese. Fon Lew and her pretended father ran away to China, but will be brought back and Gin Lem will fee tried fo?* violating the Mann act An accusa tion that will always puzzle him. The Saar plebiscite, as was certain In advance, proves to fee superficially a victory for Hitler, In reality, It proves the devotion of Germans to Germany under any conditions. A With the population of the Saar more than 95 per cent German, voters were isked whether they wished once more to resume German citizenship, throw In their lot with France, or re main suspended in the air as wards of the Leagne of Natloas. It was certain that Germans would vote for Germany. leaked out ahead of the time they are formally handed down from the bench. Lawyers throughout the land are watching and- waiting-tor the court’s findings. But, the most fidgety of all lawyers are those in the government who recognize that an adverse decision by the court will flatten out the New Deal and force a wholesale revision of policies. Ism told that this group of lawyers is none too \certnin of its ground. True, they made what Is rec ognized as a strong argument In sup port of the government’s'feosltlon but the difficulty seems to be \from their standpoint that the Constitution was written before the brain trust came lift ©"action an*d tfie ConsttttffRui Itself provides the only ways by which If may be changed. Brain trust Ideas, however good they may be, necessarily are worthless and useless If they ren- travene the basic provisions of the Constitution • to which the nation ad heres. • • • . Among the questions before the Su preme court In the gold cases, that one brought forward Important b y a suit to com- Question pel the government -.to pay gold in re deeming one of Its own bonds is by far the most Important' Indeed, that case can be said to have an overwhelming Importance. If the court rules that the governmentV^annot void Its con tract—fqr a bond Is generally recog value to a few cents over $35 an ounce. Without going into' all of the details It means that to gain the same amount of gold now which a dollar would have brought prior to the Roosevelt admin istration action one wlfl hqve to,pay $1.69. To state It another way. If the gold contracts involve $1,060,000,000, those who are obligated to pay In gold will have to pay $1,690,000,060 at the present rate. Obviously, debtors under that circumstance will find themaelvea r hetweefi ttf6* upper and nether stones, well squashed, if the court rules adversely to the government’* policy. Attorney General Cummings In his plea to the Supreme court made the' argument that an adverse decision would mean chaos to the country. •!: believe there can be no doubt about that. But the point_la deeper. Roose velt administration policies were, ham mered through congress and received the legislative body’s rubber stamp by direction of the President What Is going to be done about it? I don’t knovy. Further I don’t believe the administration"' What»to knpws what It Is go- ' Bt Done? l n K to do in event the court rule* against the government In these cases. There have been numerous confer ences, frequent speculations by subor dinate officials and many guesses by Individuals. The President himself said In a press conference the other day that he would nbt djscuss the gold question while the matter was pending before the Supreme court. It was *. simple way to avoid expressing his hopes or his fears. It is to be noted, however, that dur ing the ten days In which the court heacd arguments In the gold cases, a considerable number of senators and representatives sat glued in their seats In the gloomy old Supreme court cham ber under the dome of the t’apItoL . They were obviously wonde?H»g. Nona of them thus far has offered publicly a suggestion as to what he will dp lo event the monetary policies are over turned. After all. If the Roosevelt pro gram is upset, congress simply will have to enapt some new laws and that was the chief reason why so many of the congressional leaders were seen la attendance at court. The court will rush Its decision. Of that thete can be no doiifet A 1 waysTit” has put-cases of paramount IrapdF" tance to the nation ahead of those that affect only a small number of private litigants. Everyone believes, therefore, that In this Instance the Supreme court has laid aside mnsi-nf its other work In order to devote Its attention to a thorough-going examination ~ of tha present problems. Lawyers tell me Midi If the court re jects the Roosevelt policies as unten able under the Constitution, congress will have to put through some n*w laws on the subject at break neck speed ' In order to avoid a hiatus that would flood the courts with an unprecedented Dumber of suits. % . -.-T k -V- - , The agricultural adjustment .admln- ‘mremfl has n^W coTfon TropTS? _ _ . th* coming season at To Restrict io.500.000 hales — , Cotton Output the same as last , (.year. At .the same time, we have begun to hear talk in Washington of a plan to seek a world agreement restricting the output of cot ton after the riiannef of the attempt to restrict the world production of wheat, a move that went exactly nowhere. Determination of the same produc tion for cotton In 1935 that was used as the base In 1934 Is accepted as tn line with the administration’s plans for raising prices artificially through cur tailment of production. It had-been expected that the 1935 crop might bs as high as 12.000.000 bales^ ftet since the administration h^*^ decided to- cany on further Ite^e^perlraent Into rr Dtzed' as a cdnrract-to pay back the "rt 1 "' 1 *; prtc. r^lalitj fletaa^y^rodoe- tlon limitations some of the background of tbat jjoMcy and the American rela tionship to world conditions warrant T HB Increasing Importance of the Orient as ,an outlet for American trade, and the swift convergence of Eu- rbpean air lines upon that area have prompted rapid advancement of plans for establishment of an experimental air transport service which Is expected' to reduce transportation time between the Orient and the New World by 00 flying hours. Col. Charles A. Lindbergh, It has been announced, will take a leading part In biasing the new trail across the Pacific. At present he Is awaiting the outcome of the trial of Brnno Haupt mann, accused of tits Lindbergh baby murder, lire. Lindbergh Is not oxpect- od to accompany bar husband oa tbs trip. Our national defense anthorlties are delighted because a great American navy plane labeled XP2H-1 flew non stop to the Canal Zone from Norfolk, 2.600 miles. In 25 hours. Amelia rt recently flew 2,400 miles in 19 hours, alone, wlthont sleep. And a Russian plane has flown 7,500 miles nonstop. Uncle Bam, to equal Russia, need only multiply that 2,000-mile nonstop Right by throe, and add L500 miles to the total California hak horse racing with gambling. Great-.crowds attend tho tree#,and the totalfeetting In the pari mutuel system is heavy. The state will gat part e< tire money, not a great deal cltiaeha will iose\ their money and the gentlemen of the race track will walk await after e*cb season with large soma supplied by California. * tomr#^«nwsnidi»u. i ■1 .a borrowed money under the term named In that bond, then the seizure of gold by the goternment In 1933 like wise Is voided. In other— every person holding a government bond containing a promise to pay In gold'* Is entitled to have that gold from the treasury. It takes no stretch of the-imagination to see what-effect that will have ■ on the whole money program. Likewise, if the coprt determines that an ludlvldyal who has promised to pay In gold must observe the terms of that agreement, the administration is again to a hole. Since contracts, agree menu or bonds containing the promise to pay In gqld are'ln general use and have been written since time Immemorial the amount of such pay ments Is virtually Incalculable. I have beard many estimates of fehs total amount of money Involved by the so- called gold clause but I hesitate to use any of them because It Is patent on the face of things that an accurate figure la Impossible. . - . - One can get down to brass tacks On the effect of affirmation of the gold clause, however, by tbe simple appli cation of the ratio of gold to the pres ent dollar. When those gold contracts were written a dollar in correney was redeemable for a dollar to gold. At that time gold was valued at around $21 an ounce. Tho Roosevelt adjfmlo- arbitrarily Increased that r V.. nation. The American production until a few years ago was about 60 per cent of the world’s cotton output Now It Is down to about 43 per cent of the total. Last year, the world consumption of cotton, according to the Departibent of Commerce figures, declined by about. 700,000 fealea whereas the world con- samption, excluding that used' in the United States, Increased by something ■ over 1,800,000 bales. It Is to be noted further that although American ex ports In general Increased last year, /th# quantity of cotton shipped last year fell off by approximately 23 per cent For several years now, we have been- hearing more and more of efforts by foreign nations to Increase t trier cot ton production. Brazil bag been mak ing a determined drive to develop cot ton as a major prod del 11exi can cot ton production hat Increased to s sub stantial way. Egyptian cotton produc tion la on the increase; The British guidance has served to spnr production of cotton la India and at the moment there la ho sign of any slacking of tho Increase there. All of tills i* hap pening while oflr own southern cotton fields are being limited In their c«* paefty to produce that staple com modity. . ■7 •k-- n