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UNKING EVOLUTION ■ c ; ’ v * By R. 8. HBCHT fmuUihii A meric** Mamkert AtiecUHe* II Wr: B. %. HGCMT that certain abusea. were com- NATIONAL SAVINGS MARK INCREASES r NEW YORK.—The »iinual ■avlnga > <r«atpila(ion of the American Bankers Aaaociation for the year etui in;; June 3H 1331. shows that tor the tirst lime 11130 total savings io all Ameri hanks recorded an annual increase. * H athtement by W. Espey Albig. Dep uty .Manager of (he association in vekarge of its Savings Division, in IIms organization’s monthly magazine '•'Banking.'' says that savings deposited la hanks as of June 30, 1034. gained 3.5 per cent as compared with a year «nrtfer. “The aggregate is an increase over Xaottyear of 9742,132,000. the first since illkB year which closed June 30, 1020.’ tasays^This is a notable achievement. 9m the decline since 1930 had been pre and all-embracing, in that year had reached tbe all-time high |2S ,478.631,000, A year ago the it was 121,125.634,000. a loss In years of 17,163,097,000. This year rnm ftgvre stands at $21,867,666,000. / “Depositors, too, have gained in num- Shsr. going from 894282,442 on June 30. atu. to 39,682,174 0 ft ^une 30 this year. aLgalx of 299,711 i* >hr years ago there 52,729,482 depositors, or one de- 8.8 persons In the ebun- Now there Is ode account for each • — ^ ALAND ISLANDS IN SPOTLIGHT AGAIN VhANKINU at one time was a private <■* baalaess', but more recently has de tain s profession—s seml-pub- ilc profession. This change h d s not suddenly but is the result of an evolutionary proc ess. Banking bas grown and changed with the growth and change of our coun try. Tfae\ banker who has survived the trials and tribula tions' of the past few years has proven himself a man of courage and ability, and we may,wed expect him to tbe problems that tie before him resolution and sound Judgment. Changes of momentous importauce occurred in our economic struc- and banktrs have had a difficult to iravei. Some wfil argue that all > changes were evolutionary and laevitable, while others look upon many of them as revolutionary and unneces- . ft is extremely difficult to trace any degree of accuracy the real for many of our troubles and It da wot always easy in Judging these de velopments tc distinguish properly be- awonajeahse and effect. Onfortunately It bas become tbe fash- , iaa to blame on our banking system ail Sho troubles which the depression has Biws«hJ. As a consequence we hear of needed reform of banking by r. No one will deny that certain de tects have developed in our existing laws which need correction, Question of Refortifying Up for Discussion. . ^ -c. Washington. — The Aland Islands, whose strategic situation between Sweden and Finland, has brought them repeatedly into world news, are again in tire spotlight as European newspa pers report that the two countries have reopened discussions concerning the refortifylng of the isles. “Forming a dividing zone between the Baltic sea and the Gulf of Both nia, the Aland islands have been a buffer between the Scandinavian pen insula and the European mainland for ceuturies," says the National Geo graphic society. “Maps show th&Alands in the same color as Finland, of which they form a department or province; but Swed ish is as commonly spoken among the inhabitants as Finnish. i'A glance into the history of the islands reveals that the liusslans long dominated them, but there are today few traces of this for mer domination. QUARTERLY REPORT OP THE BOARD OF COUNTY DIRECTORS FOR THE QUARTER DECEMBER 31, 193£ PERRY B. BUSH, Clerk, Board -of County Directora. aatttod which 'no one wishes to defend «or have remain possible in tbe future. Never before were bankers more de- termfhed than tbey are today to brine about whatever changes in our banking ayatem are called for by the public wel ters. The best results can and will be ac complished by normal processes nud gradual adjustments of our present pri vate banking structure—suitably super vised by -proper authority—rather than by the passage of still more drastic offering panaceas in the form of government-owned or govern- t-controlled financial organizations. The Basis of Good Laws Lasting laws relating to any phase of banian need are formed and modelled hs the rough school of practical human experience and are usually the result of evolutiouary processes rather of sudden impulses to change fuu- elemental principles. If we analyze the new banking pic- tnre which bas developed during the past eighteen -months, wrg cannot help arrive at the conclusion that evo try changes which have taken in banking, ami the economic life ■of the nation of winch ii is a pari, have jssUhod much of the banking legisln- «Jsw recently passed. As wo look ahead -asrf consider the qew problems which axe facing us we must inevitably come u> the conclusion that some further ctuagns in our banking laws will be come necessary. fft is not enough that bankers merely 'acquiesce in banking imposed by law. for evolutionary banking reform be more aggressive than that, iking practice Itself, without com- of law, can and should reflect 'the changes and lessons of the times amt difficulties through which the na tion has passed and, even to a greater J votent than law, render banking more tinty a good public servant by volun- tjuj self-reform, (n no small measure in this accomplished by the better CxainiBg of the members of the bank ing fraternity and by instilling con- illy higher ideals in those who are | itely responsible for bank man o*ment. As we march on into the world of to row the banker has a greater op- »Uy for usefulness than ever be- ,aml i hope that the service tie will tender to society will be so conscieu- so constructive and sp satislac- as to merit general approval and assure him his logical high place and iendership. Nearly 300 islands. "In all; there are nearly MOO islands. About eighty of them are inhabited— the larger ones by farmers who live by their rye and potato crops and dairy.herds; and the smaller ones by fishermen, whose tiny villages hug the shores. The uninhabited. Islands are mostly Jutting rocks, which are no more to the islanders than menaces to navigation. “The islands, Including the barren, uninhabited rocks, have a combined area of 5T>0 square miles. There are about 2T..000 inhabitants, most of whom live in neatly kept buildings of logs or dressed lumber. In many vil lages only the steepled church build ings are of stone construction. "Aland island, the largest of tbe group, is 30 miles long fmtn north to south and 17 miles broad.. Despite these measurements, however, tbe coast Is so deeply indented that few spots on the islands* are more than a few miles from a deep outlet to the open sea. Aland, uhlike its neighbors, is largely covered with rich soil. For ests clothe many square miles. Once the forests..,were favorite elk hunting grounds for Swedish sovereigns, but game now Is almost extinct. -The open spaces on Aland are almost entirely In farms. One recent visitor to the islands called the men of Aland ‘am phibious’ because they were equally at home behind a plow and at the helm of a boat. “Mariehamn, the capital of the Alands and the leading town, is on the southern coast of Aland. It has about 1,000 inhabitants. Belong to Sweden. -o- Sweden in 1800 when they were ceded to Russia with the Grand Duchy of Finland on the mainland. ’ They remained Rus sian until 1017 when the Finns de clared themselves free of Russlftn domination. “The .Islands have frequently .drawn international attention, particularly during tbe last century. In 1854, dur* ing tbe Crimean war, French and Brit ish forces destroyed th.? Aland’s lead ing fortress. Since then the pnllticar i status of the islands and the question of refortifylng them have frequently l»een subjects of International parleys, Including consideration by the League of Nations. In the same year that Finland declared its Independence, the Aland islands sought a change in government. The Inhabitants, by an unofficial vote indicated that they pre ferred to be reunited with Sweden. I'inland granted the islands autonomy In 10520. but refused to allow them to secede." 257 258 259 200 261 202 263 264 265 266 267 2^8 269 2f0 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 .282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 J. J. Beil, coupons, R. and B. bOKdji $5,130.00 J. J. Bell, coupons, R. and B, bonds i.finaiK W. D. Black, saTary, county director ' V '. 16.66 R. R. Moore, salary, county director 16.66 L. S. Still, salary, county director \ „ 16.66 Idis Brabham, salary, county director 16.66 Ryan A. Gyles, salary, coupty director 16.66 J. W. Patterson, salary, county supervisbr 133,33 A. B. Patterson, salary, County physician \ _ 33.33 75.00 Barnwell Filling Station, chain gpng 3.67 Pearl Blackwood, jail 1.00 Sarah C. Price, salary, treasurer’s clerk 60.00 J. J. Bell,'"salary, county teasurer a--- * * 63.89 W. H. Manning, salary, county auditor 55.65 J. B. Morris, contingent expense t , 26.00 J. B. Morris, dieting prisoners a-— 114.00 Margaret McAllister, salary, sheriff’s clerk' 25.00 J. B. Morris, salary, sheriff ------ 191.66 Mcmf>e Rowell, chain gang \ J. J. Bell, postage -4 r -., T -; 5. 20.00 2.75 27.62 W. M. Jones, county board of education W. H. Manning, clerical help v J. J. Bell, salary, bounty treasurer ... R, L. Bronson, clerk, postage and salary Sarah C. Price, treasurer’s clerk J. B. Morris, salary, sheriff, B. S. Moore, Jr., salary, co. supt. of ed. G. S. Harley, salary, deputy sheriff Charlie Brown, Jr., demonstration expense I John K. Snelling, salary, cleark and lunacy Mrs. R. S.'iiicks, demonstration expense 10.00 J. B. Morris, dieting prisoners 96.60 W. H. Manning, salary, county auditor 55.55 Jennie P. Greene, rest room 8.33 H. G. Boylston, demonstration expense. 6.00 69 60.00 191.66* 115.00 75.00 8.40 70.00 30.00 20.00 107.27 14.30 144.61 140.48 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 Marvin Holland, chain gang iVl -^__a J. M. Rowell, chain gang u Barnwell Turpentine Co,., chain gang T. W. Blackwood, chain gang Ghngold’s, chain gang, jail, county home tassels, county home and chain gang Barnwell. Filling Station, chain gang 49.04 Mazursk/s, dhteifr, gang 7.43 - A. M. Anderson, salary, chain gang 65.00 Henry Hartzog, salary, chain gang 75.00 Will Riley, chain gang _ n _ 66.62 Lemon Bros., chain gang 38,25 Mrs. J. A. Porter, chain gang 34.79 H. Antopolsky, chain gang 18.00 Lemon Bros.j chain gang, jail and county home 60.69 D. W. Glover, chain gang ________ 6.00 J. M. Rowell, chain gang 1 346.50 Charlie Brown, Jr., chain g’ang 10.25, F. S. Brown, county home, jail and court house ’ 50.95 W. C. Milhous, county home 3.0Q L. T. Claytov, county home 16.66 W. E. MeNib, county home „___- 6.00 C. O. Jones, county home 6.25 J. T. Still, county home 31.25 Unity Grocery Co., county home 17.90 H. J. Phillips, county home 6.65 R. A. Deason, county home, jail and chain gang 8.85 Mazursky’s, county home 3.50 J. B. Morris, jail and office 26.99 S. C. Power Co., jail and court house 19.67 L. F. Randall, jail 3.00 Charlie Hiers, salary, constable 15.83 Jeff Black, salary, constable L.-_ 58 32 Chas. M. Still, salary, constable _‘ 14.58 .. Chas. M. Still, salary, constable 14.58 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 04 4 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 41 42 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 40.25 2.00 32.35 29.16 J. B. Morris, court house and jail —_ — Ghingold’s, chain gang and jail ___ 69.37 F. ~Sir-Brown, com. of public works, county home, jail and court'house Angus Peyton, public buildings __— Tha PedpleiSentinei, stationery and advertising Jeff Black, salary, magistrate’s constable Q. D. Hammond, salary ,magistrate r _ 25.00 G, __Q,_ Johnson, salary, magistrate’s constable 27.91 J. M. Hill, salary, magistrate 14.58 \. C. S. Anderson, salary, magistrate 14.68 D. W. Glover, chain gang — __ ___ 2.00 Lqmon Bros.,", chain gang, jail and* county hofoe 88.35 Stanlard Oil Co., .chain gang ! ______ 63.59 T. Claytor, county home _-------- ------- __________ 16.66 tzursky’s, county home ;_ 1.45 Jus\T. Still, county home 29.00 G. M. Hogg, salary, magistrate 29.16 G. M. Hogg, salary, magistrate 29.16 L. F. Randall, jail , ‘ 7^.00 E. F. Woodward, county home 26.00 John K. Snelling, lunacy, salary, ettc. _ _ T 100.00 J. B. Moftris, postage ____ : 3.41 W. H. Manning, postage 16.08 S. C. Power Cb. r jail and court house 16.51. E. F. Woodward, chain gang 56.75 * e* I 4 i Cassels, chain gang and county home ^ __j 153.20 C. L. Hiers, salary, magistrate’s constable 15.83 Sidney Sanders, chain gang 277.30 J., W. Patterson, salary, county supervisor ■ 133.33 Ryan A. Gyles, salary, county director 16.66 W. D. Black, salary, county director 16.66 Idis Brabham, salary, county director \ 16.66 L. S. Still, salary, county director _, 16.66 R. R. Moore, salary, county director A. B. Patterson, salary, county physician §3.33 Margaret McAllister, salary, sheriff’s cleark ^ 25.00 Sar^h^C. Price, salary, treas. clerk 60.00 J- J. Bell, salaty, county treasurer 63.89 J. B. Momi. salary, sheriff ____ ________ _\ 191.03 W. H. Manmhg, salary, county auditor a___:\55.65 G. S. Harley, sahn.y, deputy sheriff V__ 75.00 A. M. Anderson, salary, chain gang 65.00 Henry Hartzog, salary, chain ghng J' 75.00 B. S.' Moore, Jr., salary, sijpt. of e<l. 115.00 G. R. Peeples, salary, magistrate __u_ 29.16 >1 . ; :■§ • ■ G. M. Hogg, magistrate 29.16 D. W. Glover, salary, magistrate’s-constable 29.16 Chas. M. Still, salary, magistrate’s constable 14.58'. 12.50 \ 29.16_\ -3+5 D. W. Glover,'salary,-constable 1 -29rtff Suit Against College Filed Over Stone Wall Worcester, Mass.—A 878-foot stone wall was moved by mistake from the farm-'of Fred E. Maynard, according to a suit filed here. Maynard claimed he presented an old wall on bis property to Assumption college to be used in a new college building. 'College workmen overlooked the old wall, be alleged, and instead mo; bis all-important boundary wall. Inasmuch as the stone already was part of tbe foundations of tbe new .building. Maynard asked to he reira- lurrsed in 4be-aa«ount -of -85.00H. - — Christ Was 5 Feet 10, French Scientists Say - 316 317 318 319 320 321" 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 • m 342 343 344. 345 346 347 . 348 349 350 351 352 H. C. Creech, salary, magistrate’s constable Jeff Black,' salary, magistrate’s constable , J. W. Sanders, salary, magistrate 25.00 Frank Sanders, board registration ri L __X__ 12.50 . R. R. Moore, salary, contingent 'l 5.00 * Ryan A. Gyles, salary, contingent 5.00 -«r H. C. Creech, salary, constable 1__ 12.50; H. B. Sanders, salary, constable 12.50 W. C. Kennedy, salary, constable 27.91 14.58 29^16 50.00 12.50 14.58 Paris —Two French scientists, Pro fessor Colson, of the French Polytech nic school, and Professor .Vignou, blologis e Paris Catholic insti tute announced that they bad demon- strated^ the height of .le^is Christ to be 5 feet 10.9 inches. Using infra-red rays, tbe scientists said, they photographed chemical stains on the shroud" preserved at Christ's. They found Milan, said to be Chrl the wearer to have measured 1 meter 80 centimeters, they said. Son Won Part Victory . Over Dad for School Omaha.—Lloyd Skinner, Jr., twenty, who sought to compel his father to pay for his college education, won only a partial Victory when be took his case 'to District court The Judge ordered the senior Skinner to remit $300 for his son’s college ex penses last year, holding Lloyd had a * right to complete the term having en tered college. He refused, however, to ordot the /ather to pay for another year. 353 354 355 356 357 '"358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 -371 372 373 374 376 376 377 378 379 380 381 J. M. Hill, sa’ary, magistrate G. R. Peeples .salary, magistrate _ O. D. Hammond, salary, magistrate W. K. Black, 'salrry, magistrate C. S. Anderson, salary, magistrate ________ __ M. C. Kitchings, salary and chain gang 26.30 B. S. Mocre, postage _. 2.00 Walker, Evans and Gbggswell Co., printing 13.96 Josh Patterson, janitor r _._X 20.00 J. B. Morris, Contingent expense 1.40 Margaret McAilistor, salary, sheriff’s clerk 25.00 E. F. Woodward, chain gang TI 223.52 J. W. Sancbrs, salary, magistrate 14.90 J. W. Sanders, salary, magistrate 12.50 J. W. Sanders 16.10 Angus Peyton, ctfurt house . 4.70 C. F. Molair, chain gang and jail 10.45 Farmets Union Merc. Co., jail ^ 1.18 The People-Sentinel, stationery and advertising 96.82 G. O. Johnson, chain g'ang and salary 29.26 Ralph Still; chain gang 22.50 J. M. Rowell, chain gang- _____ 20.00 Royal Typewriter Co., public buildings 83.50 F. Owens, contingent I—1 25.00 'Mrs. F. C. Sanders, contingent expense 3.75 Vickery Bros., chain gftng __1._ 1 31.30 Mrs. A. B. Weathers&eeXchain gang ______ 27.55 Mrs. A. E. Corley, chain ^ang^-^l.^ 48.30 J., W. Patterson, salary, county supervisor 133.33 R. R. Moore, salary, county director 16.66 Ryan A; Gyles, salary, county director 16.66 Idis Brabham, salary, ccunfy director - . 16.66 L. S..Still, salary, county director : 16.66 W. D. Black f ~saiary,~ county" ^TrectdiF^_ _ _: __ _ 16.66 Mrs. R. S. Dicks, demonstration expense 10.00 A. B. Patterson, salary, county physician L 33.33 *G. S.^Hatdey, salary, deputy sheriff ... 75.00 B. S, Moore, Jr;, salary, co. supt. of ed. 115.00 H. C. Creech, v sajary, magistrate’s constable 12.50 D. W.** Glover, saiary, magistrate’s constable 29.16 C. M. Still, salary, magistrate’s constable - 14.58 G. R. Peeples, salary, magistrate 29.16 A. M. Anderson, salary, chain gang 1 — 65.00 Henry Hartzog, salary, chain gang ^ .75.00 L. Cohen, chain gang and county home 44.81 R. L._Bronson, salary, clerk and postage 70.91 J. B. Morris, postage 3.98 Easterling end Co., county home jjf.l'. 13.05 B. F. Owens, contingent 25.00 Josh Patterson, janitor 20.00 Jennie P. Greene, rest room 8.33 W. C. Kennedy, salary, magistrate’s constable 27.91 M. C. Kitchin»s, eftain gang apd salary 26.30 M. L. Kessler, chain gang 41.78 M. L. Kessler, chain gang _____ 46.74 E. F. Woodward, chain gang ___— 89.53 C. F. Molair, chain gang 3.25 Ngvils Garage, chain gang __ r 5.10 MarviQ Holland, chain gang ^ 23.49 Deason’g Drug Store, county home ___-w 9.40. T. W. Blackwood, county home ^ ' 13*75 Sexton’s Drug Store, county heme T _—7.00 Vickery Bros., chain gan g. _L_ 31.30 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 402 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 48§ 489 490 " 491 492 493 * 494 495 496* 49J. 498 - 499 500 501 502 503 504 505/ 606 ' 60t ‘ 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 - AT L. S. Still, salary, contingent-r-*^-.- 5.00 LeeCreech, chain gang ______ 10.00 Henry Williams, chain gang _il ; 9.50 W. K. Black, salary, magistrate 12.50 W. K. Black, salary, magistiatc t_ 12.50 Jennie P. Greene, rest room __^ ;_ j___'_ 8.33 H. B. Sanders, salary, magistrate’s constable 12.50 H. B. Sanders, salary, magistrate’s constable 12.50 Josh Patterson, janitor" _.____ •__ 20.00 Jessie J. Bronson, board of registration *_ *25.00 R. L. Bronson, salary and clerk 66.74 John K. Snelling, salary, judge of probate —^^-50.00 J. W. Sanders, chain gang ___ 358.15 R. A. Deason. stamps 16.08 W. S. Hail, chain gang 3.00 Trusttee Hankinson, county home ________ ____ 4.00 Gulf Refining Co., county home 3.00 Mutilated. * • , Service Garage, chain gang 33.95 C. L. Hiers % salary, magistrate’s constable 15.83 J. J. Bell, court expense __" v ^34.00 J. J. Bell, bonds 3,644.02 Ghingold’s, jail and chain gang 31.49 J. J; Bell, coupons 303.00 L. J. Baughman, beard of registration __ __, 30.00 J. M. Hill, salary, magistrate 1 ; 14.58 J. M. Halford, boar ( j of registration 25.00 Angus Peyton, court house 2.00 Lucius Peyton, court house 1.00 Standard Oil Co., chain gang ___^ ; 83.31 Vickery Bros., chain ganfeX 31.30 C. F. Molair, chain gang 8.10 The People-SEntinel, stationery and advertising 20.88 W. C. Kennedy, salary, magistrate!* constable M. C.’Kitchings, salary, magistrate Charlie Brown, cbmonstration expense Sexton’s Diug Store, jail, court house, co. home R. A. Deason, county home and chain gang -__ T _- Lemcn Bros., chain gang, jail, etc. 75.72 J. B. Morris, dieting prisoners 76.65 R. L. Bronscn, postage ' 4.75 Rosa Williams', county home ^ X_1 6.00 E. F. Woodward, chain gang : _-_-___i__ 100.50 N. D. CoeKn, county home and chain gang 13.82 Jas. T. Still, county home 29.65 J. ^. Stilt, chain gang f» I • • V • Barnwell Ins. Agency, premium on bond 135.00 O. D. Hammond, salary, magistrate 1 25.00 G. O. Johnson, salary, magistrate’s constable 1 27.91 C. S. Anderson, salary, magistrate _1 14.58 \ . i 27.91 25.00 6.00 12.25 3.60 JX-W/^IoVerr chain gang , _y 3.60 XL J> Bgll, postage :__ 16.08 Ghiftgold’s, county home. ______ 22.95 Edelstein and Co., chain gang -__ : 90.88 J. B. Morris, jail —__ j.... 3.50 J. B. Morris, jail —/ .8.00 J. B. Morris, jail and court house 27.00 J. B. Morris postage 3.00 J_-B. Morris, printing * Cassels, chaingang i_ S. C. Power Co., jail and court house _____ L. T. Claytor, salary, county home E. F. Woodward, chain gang Marvin Holland, chain gang _»___ Harold Wiliams, poor farm ig.43 Henry Hartzog, poor farm ______ 36.00 J. J. Bell, coupon and bonds 43^72.64 2.75 49.58 21.41 16.66 41.00 17.09