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The Barnwell People-Sentinel. BenywHV ^ >A Thursday, December 20, 1984 : ’ ' 4 *. ’ V. * News Review Events the World Over av. Davis Warns Japan Against Scrapping Naval Treaty- Peaceful Agreement for Saar Plebiscite—Moley and Richberg to Industrial] By EDWARD W. PICKAkp t> by WMtarn N«wapap«r Union. L ORD RIDDELL, who durin* tho World war was Lloyd Goorco’i chief Ualeon officer 4dth the preae of the world, la dead la London. He gained fame and great wealth aa a newspaper publisher. Aa a reward for his war work Riddell was made a poor In 1918. His rolce over the telephone carried the flrat news to England of the signing of the Versailles treaty. For some time after the war be continued to be a friend and confidant of Lloyd George. Later there were political dif* ferences, but while the close liaison ceased the two men never ceased to be (friends. Lord Riddell leaves no heir ind the title expires with him. -.4* tUf N ORMAN H. DAVIS, American am- bassndor-at-large and our chief representative In the naval- limitation conversations that have been going on In Lotidon, has given plain warning to Ja pan that If that na tion in slats on scrap- K H. Davis naval treaty, security will ‘ be endangered, suspicion created and the world forced Into a costly naval con struction race. Mr. Davis was addressing the American Corre spondents’ association In London, but his words were meant for all the world to hear, and' aa his speech was the first comprehensive statement of the American position since the opening of the conversations, it was regarded as of the greatest Im portance. He also announced, for the first time, that President Roosevelt has proposed M a substantial all-around re duction In naval armainenta.” Mr. Davis said that, since no agree ment for armament reduction has been reached, the United States advocates the continuance of the Washington and London treaties with their assurance of “equality of security." Asserting that the Washington pact put an end to a ruinous naval race and established “a sound basis for peace In the Pacific and the Far East." he continued i ~ ISPATCHES from 'Warsaw said the Poles were '* alnased and alarmed by the Franco-Gerthan agree ment because they feared the under standing between those two nations would be extended to Include threat Britain and Italy. The foreign office hinted that in that case Poland’s latlons wtth- fTRAL, western and northern ^tlona of Honduras were devas tated by a series of earthquake shocks continuing through two days. The ex tent of tbo disaster Is unknown nt this writing for\ll communication systems were crippled^ but It was reported that at least three towns of consider- BRISBANE THIS WEEK A Flying Vanderbilt Communists and Tailors Was EPIC; Now It’s EPIA 1 In and Out of Who’s Who The original Commodore Vanderbilt, who ran a little boat from Staten la- land to the mainland, then became the country's biggest railroad man and head of the New York Central, would be interested to know that his great- grandson, William K. Vanderbilt, ac cording to Mr. Maury Paul, has built a big airplane for his personal traveL His branch of the Vanderbilt family will he Independent of railroads, even of yachts, except for ocean crossings. e 0 National Topics Interpreted by William Bruckart closer. Poland resents being left out In the cold, for she Is determined to be recognized as one of the great pow ers, and to play her part lo the stabil ization of peace In Europe. able size, Copas. Cabanas and Santa \Rlta, were nearly^ destroyed. "Only by maintenance of the system of equality of security.^ with propor tionate reductions downward of naval strength If possible, can there be main talned the substantial foundation for security and peace which has thus been laid. "Abandonment now of the principles Involved would lend to conditions of insecurity. Of International suspicion, and of costly competition, with no real advantage to any nation." Unofficially, It Is said that when Ja pan gives formal noti«-e that she Is de nouncing the Washington treaty, prob ably on December 90, the United States will Immediately withdraw from the discussions In London, officials In Washington consider that to continue the conversations would be tantamount to acqulscence to Japan’s demand for modification of the ratios on which the treaty'4s based. No more than any other nation does the United States wish to see the r& vlval of the race in naval construction, but the government will not tolerate the decline of our navy to a subordi nate place. Recent utterances of cab inet members and of congressmen who especially have to do with naval affairs make this plain. In his annual report to the President, Secretary of the Navy Swanson says that although the United States may redm-e Its naval strength proportion ately with other powers. It Is Imper- stlve that a navy second to none he maintained. He warns also of the dangerous shortage of personnel in the navy, saying that ‘‘ships are valueless unless manned by adequate crews of trained, experienced officers and men." PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT returned ■from Warm Springs to bis recondi tioned executive offices In Washington with the greater part of bis winter program completed. It will be pre sented to congress in his annual mes sage on January 8. The major Items have to do with expansion of the pub lic works administration to provide work relief, revision of the NRA and the AAA. extension of power develop ments, social security Insurance and low cost housing, aud the paring down of the budget. 1ESIDENT MUSTAPHA KEMAL oV. Turkey has become the idol of all tnh women of his nation, for. after giving \them such soclar rights as emancipation from the harem, be has given thetb political rights. AKhls In stance tbe^natlonal assembly mously decided that any Turkish Wom an more than thirty years old is elig ble to election to^the chamber of depu^ ties, and that allNvomen over twenty- two years of age cgn vote In the na tional elections. Thousands of women telegraphed their “defenest gratitude” to Kemal. ' ' EMBERS of the Mid-Continent Re- claniation association, represent ing 19 states, met In Chicago and per fected plans for a soil erosion and flood control program, to cost $90ff,00(),- 000. which rhft aagocfatlon will recom- uutntl .ito the federal government wltlr : a request for a survey to determine Its practicability. The plan, which was develo|>ed by A. B. Hulit of Chicago, Involves the construction of canals and dams over an area extending from northern North Dakota through Texas to control flood waters originating on the eastern slopes of the Rocky moun tains. m ■ i'' " >1 Donald Rlchbsrg \ T HE government of Jugoslavia has decided to expel all the 27.UU0 Hun garians now living in that country. The process will he gradual hut re lentless. Already more than 2,000 have been de|H»rted and more are being sent away dally. Hungary called the action of Jugoslavia to the attention of the League of Nations. ir . PEACEFUL solution of the Saar • plebiscite problem seetneo assured when the council of the League of Na tions unanimously and gladly adopted the reixirt of the Saar committee era fcedylng the Franco-Uernmn agreement for payment for the, mines In case the region votes to return to the relch. leading up to this settlement were two announcements of utmost Importance. First, foreign Minister IMcrre l-ava! of France promised that French troops would make no attempt to enter the Saar territory before or during the vote on January 18. “I desire to an nounce." said be "that France will not participate In any International force which it may be found necessary to •end Into the Saar. We cannot par ticipate in such a force because Ger many cannot participate.” Then CapL Anthony Eden. British lord privy seal, told the council that Great Britain would contribute troops to the proposed International force, pro vided Chancellor Hitler of Germany •were willing that auch an army should be aent ln|p the territory. When Ber lin mat Informed of this, a foreign office spokesman announced that Hit ler’* government would raise no objec tions to the plan. ‘ All this was in effect a victory for the policies of CoL Geoffrey G. Knox, the league commissioner of the Saar, for he has long advocated the crea tion of an International police force Tfif the territory. Delegatee of Italy and Cxechoolo- vakla declared their countries would •end troops, and Maxim Litvinov, Soviet foreign commissar, said ha be lieved Russia would be wUllng to sup ply ft part of the loag«o force I NTERESTING statements were made to the American Congress of Indus try in New York by two of the Presi dent’s closest advisers, Raymond Moley and Imnald Richberg, director of the nation al emergency council. Professor Moley de dared there Is no workable substitute for the present cap italistic economic sys tem. “Basically." he «ald, *‘the New Deal was an effort |o save capitalism and, by spreading the range of opportunity under It. to enable the aver age man to regain a measure of con trol over the conditions under which he lived. It seemed to me In 1933, as It seems to me now. that this effort to save capitalism was wise and just “By no stretch of the Imagination could the vote of November. 1932. have been Interpreted as a mandate for the abandonment of the capitalistic system. Finally, even had there been such a mandate, there was and Is no work able substitute for our present system." Moley expressed much optimism re garding business. He told the indus trialists, in effect, that they need have no fear of any radical change In the present economic and social order, that industry was needed to stimulate trade, bring about recovery, and that In the last analysis It would be the business men who would distribute the wealth of the nation. Mr. Richberg admitted the NRA had not achieved all Its alms In its effort to bring about Industrial self-govern ment, but insisted that Its fundamental principles must be preserved In perma nent legislation for codes gf fair com petition. He warned the manufacturers. that the permanent law must be written.In co-bperation with labor and consumers, as well as private business and gov ernment, so that there should be nei ther .work-consumer regimentation by business nor business regimentation by government. He hinted that if employers consent ed to legal restriction In return for in creased twwer under the codes, organ ized labor would be called upop to do likewise in submitting to legislative control. Organized labor was soundly berated by C. L. Bardo, president of the Na tional Association of Manufacturer* He said its contribution to national recovery had been "the most wide spread inauguration of strikes, co ercion, Intimidation, and rioleace that the United States has ever seen, as evidenced by strikes in Minneapolis, Cleveland, textile Industrie* and the general strike at San Francisco." Bardo pledged the united opposition of the National Assfp'latlon of Manu facturers to the effoits of the Ameri can Federation of Labor to obtain through congress legislation Imposing a 80-hour week on Industry, or any other effort to "fix a rigid and arbi trary work week for all industry.'' Industry’s platform for recovery, which waa proposed at a meeting of {he national Industrial council, urging return to the gold standard, a balanced budget, and other, orthodox economic ftMaaorefl^ waa adopted. S ERGEI KIROV, one of. the most prominent members of trie Russian Communist party’s pollticalX bnreau. was assassinated In [^eningrad.Nan(1 as he was a closcXasso- date of Stalin\hla death was the sion of public mourfe ing. The government announced _ ~a~gga»fln f was—Leuuld Nlcolieff and that he "was sent by the ene mies oi the working class." But It appears there is something more to the event Sergei Kirov t j Jan a mere mur( j er A dispatch from Warsaw said ten Red army officers bad been executed as the result of a plot to assassinate all Soviet leaders at the same time. The Moscow government denied this story, but at the same time It was put ting under arrest scores of White Guards, enemies of the Soviet regime, accusing them of “terroristic action." They > were tried by a military colle gium of the Supreme court and sixty- six of them, including one woman, were found guilty and immediately executed. The names of those executed were offidaHy announced;- Among them sp pnrently were none of the leaders who had figured prominently with the White arfiircv during the~dvil warfare following—the- Bolshevist revolution. Nor were there any names of men who have had national prominence subsequently In Russia. The executions were carried out while Kiapv’s body was being cremat ed. He was given a state funeral and his ashes were placed In the Tom- munists' Valhalla beside the wall of the Kremlin where rest the remains of Ia»nlp. John Reed and othgfc.heroes of the Red revolution. P RESIDENT ROOSEVELT’S avia- tlon commission, having concluded Its hearings on national defense be gan drafting its report, and It was authoritatively said In Washington that If congress approves of Its rec ommendation* government airships will surely be operating la a new transoceanic service. Details were he ing worked out. and it seemed likely the commission would adopt the *17.- 000,000 plan approved by Ewing Y Mitchell, assistant secretary of com merce. and the national advisory com mlttee for aeronautic* That plan calls for two huge Zeppelin type air ships and one smaller metal clad craft along with necessary modern landing equipment The commission also will ask con gress in Its February report to- create a permanent federal agency with su •payiifiFF j^Wiirol over all civU ayto tlon. This would comprise five to sev en member* - —Mr. Wert of the Junior National Chamber of Commerce says one mil lion five hundred thousand Oommu- nlsts are plotting to overthrow this government The famous "seven tailors of Tooley street," beginnibg their exordium, “We, the people of England,’' also planned to change. thing* but they did not Mr. West’s ope million five hundred thou sand Communists will not overthrow anything, either. Besides, there are not one million five hundred thousand. The number of real enrolled Commu- Ista in this country is under thirty >usand, and there are perhaps one hundred thousand pale pink Commu nist* If tliStre were one million five hun dred thousand there would still be about one hundred and twenty-two million Americans of a different color, determined to change this government In their way, if at ail, and do it slowly. Have you heard about “EPIA"? It is a new arrangement of letters In vented by Harry L. Hopkins, admin istrator of federal emergency relief for ident Itowevelt. and It means “End »verty In America." Your mind hops back to Mr. Upton Sinclair’s "EPIC," which meant "End Poverty In Call- fornlav." until the election ended "epic." {opklns Is a powerful man, of Washington.—Administration leaders In congress are prepared to oppose any addition to the tax Fight burden of the coun- Added Taxes through the ac tion of the next ses sion. Although the White House has made no public pronouncemeut, It is the ^dfrstancjtng that the leaders in the senate and the house who have taken unequivocal positions against a tax increase in 1935 were reflectlrlg the- view they had obtained fmm President Roosevelt in addition to their **\vn con viction that this Is a had time to In crease the levies which Individuals and business interests most pay for the upkeep of the government During the current weeks there has developed some indication, if. Indeed, It Is not an assurance, that there will be curtailment of federal expenditure* Just how ^hls Is going to be accom plished is not yet clear but it can be stated on highest authority that a cur tailment of the outgo from the treas ury Is expected to he accomplished. In making that statement. I think I ought to add that the curtailment Is contem plated with respect to emergency agen cies and does not Include any of the various new proposals from segments of house or senate membership Involv ing additional heavy outlay* As an example of this type of expenditure I refer to the proposal for Immediate payment of the soldiers’ bonu* That there is a strong demand for this ac tion, there can he no doubt Yet on the other hand there Is bitter opposl tlon both In congress and among ad ministration - leaders -trr ttre~ program ThaT would entail payment of some thing like two billion dollars to the former soldiers, sailors and marines of World war day* The question of taxation always Is of an explosive character. Hence, the strong Alll, great energy, and nobody urge on the part of some of the new will “pooVpooh” his plan to abolish American poverty. He would spend been producing something like fou* hundred and twenty million dollars an nually, a good sized chunk of rev^nua in anybody’s language. It is planned, therefore, to renew these. There may be some revision and some change la the bases but the principles Involved la those levies seem certain to be contin ued. ( Re-enactment of these statutes Is not expected to have a material effect oa business because business has becoma adjusted to them. 1 am Informed by business experts that undoubtedly busi ness would move forward more rapidly if these taxes could be eliminated. Since that is not to be. business la hoping. If not demanding, that the tax burden upon it be held within the pres ent confines In order that it may not be under any further handicap whlla searching for a solid foundation opoa which to expapd. • • • President Roosevelt and his emei* gency administrators believe they have hit upon a new and Money for productive plan to the Needy K ,ve money out to those who need it. ’ They are about to embark upon a pro gram of encouraging personal loan* loans by banks to Individual men and women and to guarantee repayment of a portion of each loan made. It Is viewed as exceedingly Interest* Ing that a national government, or any other governmental agency for that matter, should embark on such a policy because there are those who hold It to he a dangerous precedent. 1 have done public billiol steads’’ and grams, move ft to good land* on “subsistence home- iral rehabilitation pro files from poor lands lere they might pros per; lend government billions to buy tools, equip new hopnesteads, buy live stock, etc. The new British “Who’s Who" gives Hitler two lines. Frances\l’erklns Is not «the book, although Grkta Garbo Is In, and Upton Sinclair, with a full ac count of his “EPIG" Those left- out must console them selves with the fact that Leonardo da Vinci, in all his writing, did not men tion Christopher Oolumbus, amHthe duke of St. Simon, In his long menmir* makes only one little mention of lK>l- talre, merely because "he was the son of my father’! notary.” He was also the father of the French revolution, which put an end to the Im portance of French dukes. But St. Simon could not know that. Washington says the President, In a financial Imitation of Hamlet, asks himself.just now: “To spend, or not to spend." If he proceeds with the full program of relief,- supplying Jobs and food, he must ask congress for more billion* perhaps nine of them, $9,000,000,000. If congress says ye* and the au thorities foolishly decide to Issue in terest-bearing "Inflation” bond* that will mean paying not $9,000,000,000, but $18,000,000,000, the original plus Interest. Senator Huey Long, of Louisiana, says he has enrolled 1.400,000 Ameri cans In his "share-the-wealth" plan. That seems a small figure for a plan to divide big fortunes. New York and Chicago had thriving “share- the wealth” organizations before Sen ator Ijong started bis. Some orlglna’. gentlemen with share-the-wealth In clinations are In Atlanta penitentiary, some In a OplgrjLdo pclsoXL .aj Alcatraz Island," Tn the’ bay back of San Francisco. OUSLNESS leaders of the country D who are members of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States de mnnd a reform of the government’s budgetary method* Through a refer endum they have given approval to thirteen proposals to this end. . One step recommended was "a more active centralized administrative con trol of expenditure*" This would lie ^obtained by "broadening the execu tive allotmeui system of funds so as to Include all expenditure* ordinary and emergency, and strengthening It so as to avoid the necessity of defici ency appropriation*" This recommendation for broader contfbl by the administrative branch of the government also suggested that “when feasible” expenditures be re duced below appropriation* At Tivoli, N. Y., the courtroom cheered when a Jury acquitted a teacher, thirty-seven years old, for beating a thlrteen-year-old boy with a rubber hose and allegedly hitting him with his fist The roan admitted using the rubber hose., hut denied using his fist Had he admitted beating a young dog with a rubber hose, the court- toom would not have cheered. I N LINE with tbis budget “revolt" Is the opposition the business men are demonstrating to the ten billion dollar work relief program proposed to the President by bis brain trust adviser* As outlined by Secretary of ibe In terior Ickes and Relief Administrator hopkius this is an undertaking to ter minate federal direct relief and put all abl* • bodied unemployed persons at work on government financed project* wUle the states continue to afford re Uaf to those persona not a^la to work. Once, reporters tell you. Mr* Edythe Townsend was rich, a wit, a beauty, and a lady, who visited at the White House, and had aristocratic ancestor* They found her dead, suicide by gas,; in a small furnished room. She was fifty-eight years old, and, police said, “ill, lonely, impoverished, despondent" Those four words wipe out all -past grandeur, fine ancestry, recollections of wealth. —^ Senator Borah, a sincere, Inde pendent American, wants the Repub lican party to reorganize Itself,-giving Its "liberal#" control. He would drive oat the "reaction- arie*" If he did that what and how many would he have left? 81 blubber from a whale, humps two-hump camel, and you have Hi whale of camel remaining. ^ Kins raatartt SradlMS* ta* dealers for an Increase In taxation so tfi*t emergency spending might be made to appear more In line with gov ernment income has precipitated an is sue very quickly. The proposition had hardly begun to gain momentum when Senator Robinson of Arkansas, the Democratic floor leader of the senate, and Senator Harrison of Mississippi, chairman of the senate committee on finance, both were called to Warm Springs. Ga.. for a conference with Mr. Roosevelt. It was said at that eon- . ference that taxation was not the only thing discussed hut nevertheless, both leaders came away from the temporary White House with the announcement that there would he no- tax boost In the 1935 session of congress. Simultaneously Representative Hill. Democrat, of Washington, chairman of a subcommittee of the house ways and means committee, made known his op position to a tax boost. Mr. Hill’s com mlttee has devoted Its attention to a survey of tax rates and revenue re quirements aud has reached the con clusion that to increase the levies now would be to retard recovery as a result of additional Imposts on buslnes* The Washington representative feels that the present tax structure will function properly and provide sufficient revenue Just as soon as there is a return of something approaching normal com mercial activity. He thinks there might be some simplification of the laws ap plying to the various forms of federal taxation but he considers them ade quate as revenue producers if and when there Is a normal volume of busi ness. In this connection It seems advisable to recall that Secretary Morgenthnu of the Treasury sent a freshman team of brain trusters to England last sum mer to study the British tax system. While this committee’s findings and recommendations to the secretary have not been made public, insiders tell me that the results of that Investigation added very little to the sum total of knowledge concerning our ow r n prob lem. ~9—*' Mr. Hill, In discussing the govern ment’s financial condition, gave it as c o j hl8 op,n,on thBt “ we Not So Bad are not In such had Financially shape now." His statement referred to an approximate balance between re ceipts and .what the administration calls ordinary expenditure* These ex- pendithres go for support of the regu lar government establishment and no part of them Is used in maintenance of recovery operations such as the Ag ricultural Adjustment administration, the Public Works administration or the Reconstruction Finance corporation. The funds used by these alphabetical agencies come from the sale of bond* It is borrowed money and sometime must be paid back. Mr. HR) assumed these repayments were not necessary to be considered at this time. He was concerned solely with having the or dinary expenses covered by the regu lar annual receipt* There will be tax legislation In the forthcoming session. That is necessary. Its character, however, will be limited under preoent plana to cpnalderatloua made necessary by expiration of cer tain present statute* The emergency brought the necessity" for enactment of various nuisance and excise taxes such aa the tax oa checks and gaso line -and numerous other* Their ex piration date waa fixed In the statute aa ef July L 198& Tease mast ke continued. They have considerable research work regarding this proposal and I have failed to find In the records any such move In the history of Important nations of the world. It Is. therefore, undoubtedly one 'of the most highly experimentai steps yet taken In this maelstrom of recovery plnrjA Announcement of the scheme wa* made by James A. Moffet, federal hous ing administrator, who described It an marking “a new era In American bust* ness." It is true that there are certain types of hanking institutions that hava made Individual, or so-called charac ter. loans where no collateral security was offered by the borrower and whero only the good name and the record of the Individual warranted extension of this credil. . • * v~ Mr. Moffet said that this-character loan Idea would prove to he “the very ToUBdaHon w of the home - modernization program which he is administering. He described the action aslope .predi cated upon the government's “absolute confidence that the average American will keep his promise to repay what he borrows.*’’ "Nor is that position as much of * jump In the dark as It at first may seem." said Mr. Moffet “As usual. Uncle Sam knows what he Is doing. Before offering to Insure these loans, he consulted the cotmtry’s records on Installment buying. He also asked what had been the exj»erlence of the few hanks who up to lust spring had made character loans. From the hanks and from commercial organizations selling on the^lnstallment plan, he learned that the average American Is honest, and that the loss from character loans was Just a little more than three- fourths of 1 per cent" It is not the fact that the govern ment found the average American to be honest, however, that is exciting comment among Washington observer* It la that the gqyernment Is encourag ing loans to Individuals, sr.me of whom obviously will suffer the crdlnary fate and be unable to repay them. • • • It la now believed that the world court Issue will be settied definitely _ early in the next World Court session of congress. Issue The foreign rela- "tlons committee of the senate, which must pass on such -treaties,- has w> -agreement to sencFthe resolution of United Stales adherence to the world court to the senate early In January and, according to present indications, the administration can eas ily muster enough votes to adopt that resolution. Pressure for American affiliation with the court Is stronger now than it ever has been before because of the disturbed world political sltualtlon, the breakdown of the naval limitation* treaties and the tendency among na tions to spilt up Into groups for ar rangement of a balance of power. Observers here take the position that American adherence lo the world court would have far greater signifi cance throughout the world now It would have had earlier because of the revival of discussion as to' whether the United States should enter the League of Nation* It will be recalled that President Wilson’s proposal to join the League of Natlnns precipitated one of the most bitter controversies In which the senate has ever been en gaged. It subsequently rejected the plan and little more has been heard of It until this fall and early winter. Now, there Is what appears to be a determined movement on foot for the United States to join the league and some of the proponents of American adherence to the world court beHeve that a vote to Join the worid court will carry the United States one step nearer to affiliation with the league Ik •otf. >-— ft