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35 The Barnwell People-Sentinel/ Barnwell, S. C, Thuredaj, Noreniber 22,1W4 n News Review of Current Events the World Over Nation Indorses President and the New Deal at the Polle^ Democrats Gain Nine Seats in the Senate. By EDWARD W. PICKARD • by WMtara Nvwapapw Uat«n. v i a i St ' ’ KL • r’’ '-4#: V? P RESIDENT ROOSEVELT and hit fellow New Dealers had every rea- ^ son to gloat over the results of the elections, for, generally speaking, their policies and acts were endorsed by the cltl- sens of the United States by what amounted to a real landslide. The Demo crats gained nine seats In the United States senate; and on Incomplete r e t u r n a, appeared t*. have Just about held their pres- JOMph QufTty “ l U “' r lower house. Outstanding among the many Demo cratic victories was that scored In Pennsylvania. That state has not pre viously sent a Democrat to the senate In a half a century, but this time Jo seph Guffey, the party boss, rode rough shod over Senator David A. Reed, lead ing adversary of the New Deal, and sent him to the discard. Two other persistent critics of the administration who were retired were Senator Simeon B. Fess of Ohio, beaten by former Got. Vic Donahey; and Senator Arthur R. Robinson of Indiana, soundly walloped * by Sherman Minton. Hatfield of West Virginia, Walcott of Connecticut, He- . bert of Rhode Island, Kean of New Jersey, Goldsborough of Maryland and Patterson of Missouri, all Republican senators, mast give up their seats re spectively to young Rush D. Holt, Francis T. Maloney, Peter G. Gerry. I. Harry Moore, George L. Radcllffe and Harry 8. Truman, all Democrats. Upton Sinclair, the extreme radical, had the fun of scaring California out of its wits with his EPIC campaign for the governorship, and at little or no expense to himself; but the national administration had turned him down and the Republican nominee, Gov. Frank F. Merrism, won by a handsome majority. So the wealthy “refugees’* who make California their home de cided not to abandon the state. Hiram ■ Johnson, being the nominee of every one for re-election, goes back to the senate. Wisconsin remained true to the La Toilette dynasty even though it had created a new ‘Trogressive" party for its own osea Senator Bob La Toilette had been patted on the head by President - Roosevelt, and John M. Caitatmn, the Dem ocratic nominee for the senate, was not ac ceptable to the admin istration because he was a friend of A1 Smith; so Rob came through with a big plurality over Calla han and John B, Chappie, the Repub lican candidate. To clinch the victory of the third party, Philip La Toilette was elected gov ernor again, defeating Gov. Albert Schmedeman, Democrat, and Howard T. Greene, Republican. There was a crumb of comfort for the Republicans in the re-election of Senator Arthur IL Vandenberg of Michigan, who has condemned parts and espoused other parts of the New Deal. One other crumb, less comfort ing, was afforded them In Maryland where Albert C. Ritchie was defeated In his attempt to annex a fifth consecu tive term as governor. He was beaten by Harry W. Nice, a Republican of Raltimore whom Ritchie defeated for the same place in 1019. The old line Republicans succeeded in re-electing Senator Austin In Ver mont and Senator Townsend in Dela ware. Illinois, New York and Massachn- setts were among the states that were ■wept by the Democrats. In the first named they took five house seats from the Republicans, the defeated Includ ing the veteran Fred Britten. New Yorkers returned Dr. Royal S. Cope- land to the senate and H. H. I^hman to the governorship by tremendous ma jorities. Senator David L Walsh waa re-elected In Massachnsetts, and Jim Curley, three times mayor of Boston, was made governor. In the main the Democratic cam paign had been skilfully conducted un der the leadership of Postmaster Jim Farley. A fight to oust the “Ins'’ al ways Is difficult, and the Republicans IB their hearts had not hoped for much. They did not get ( even the little they had expected. For at least two years President Roosevelt la assured of full support by congress for what ever policies and experiments he may undertake, and the voters of the na tion have told him to go ahead and do what he can to restore the country to prosperity. S EVEN states voted on repudiation of prohibition and only Kansas, still stoutly Republican, remained dry. The others, all turning wet, were Flor ida. West Virginia, Nebraska, South Dakota, Wyoming and Idaho, In Nebraska Senator George Norris , succeeded in potting over bis pet " amendment to the state constitution providing for a small ooe-bouae legisla tor^ and there la a belief that be will run for governor In 1986 to guide the experiment Under the amendment the 1986 legislature will pick a number of legislators—between 80 and 60—for Its one-house successor. Annual sal aries will be determined by dividing the number Into $37,800. C'IRST of the administration chiefs to ” make a post-election speech, Secre tary of Commerce Roper said over the radio: M We are not going to have a dictatorship to the left or an auto cracy to the right” He Insisted that the Roosevelt re covery program contemplates the resto ration of private profits and that in fact the government’s essential rev enues, through the Income tax, are de pendent upon private profits. “As soon as future relief require ments can be determined,” Secretary Roper said In announcing a new*-dp- proach to the relief proWem, “the ma- Jor portion of these expenditure* should be assumed by the states and localities, with federal assistance sup plied only In those instances where the situation cannot possibly be met without federal aid. We need to dis courage the growing tendency to ‘111 the federal government do It’^ & -va,: ' i 4 f 7 ,-*■**• v; s.stf,. * tu * 'r.-- fP" Gaston Dou morgue Shtrman Minton ASTON DOUMERGUE, utterly un- able to make headway against the political schemers In the French cab! net, has resigned the premiership and returned to the retire ment from which be wii called last Fobru- ary to save the coun try from Imminent civil war. The six Radical Socialist min isters, determined to frustrate his plan for constitutional reform, refused the premier’s offer to postpone dis cussion of this scheme until after a regular budget was voted, pro vided the chamber of deputies first passed s three months' budget Dou- mergue thereupon read his resignation, and at the suggestion of Edouard Har riot, leader of the Radical Socialists the entire cabinet resigned. President Lehrnn Immediately asked Pierre Laval, foreign minister, to form another coalition government, but he refused ttreTOWmlssroh. Soothe difficult Job was turned over to Pierre-Etienne Tlandin, a left Republican who was minister of public works In the Dou- mergue cabinet The crisis aroused fear of armed conlllct In Paris between the Socialists and the socnlled Fascist groups, for both these parties called on their mill tant elements to be ready for action. There was danger, too, that the meet ing of war veterans and patriotic so cieties on Armistice day would he turned Into an anti-government dem onstration. —^ — ^\FFICERS and crew of the Mor- ro Castle are held to blame for the heavy loss of life when the liner turned. In the government’s report on the disaster, but no attempt Is made to fix the origin of the fire that took 134 lives. "After a careful examination of the wreck and evaluation of the testi mony," says the report submitted by Dickerson N. Hoover, assistant direc tor of the steamboat Inspection serv ice, “It Is not possible to state what the exact cause was." Blame for the catastrophe Is placed by the government also on the con struction of the vessel Itself. T T NDKR the auspice* of the National ^ Association of Manufacturer^ a drive haa been started “to prevent la bor union coercion,” and all state leg islatures, when they convene, era to ba asked to enact six specific pro visions “for the purpose of fixing tbs legal responsibility of labor organisa tions for tbsir seta” Tbs association says It Is moved to this course because It believes the federal government Is at lest awpre of the “terrorism" practiced by union members against other em ployees who desire to act Tbs laws to be asked of leglslatnreo are: J L To make sympathetic strikes and sympathetic lockouts UlegaL 2- To make both employers and onions equally responsible for the ob servance of contraeta & To make It Illegal for any aasod- atlon of employers or employees to ex pel, suspend, fine or otherwise punish members refusing to participate in an illegal strike or lockout 4. To make picketing Illegal when It la carried on In such e manner as to intimidate or coerce employees or cus tomers. 6. To declare Illegal employment contracts requiring a person either to Join or not to Join any labor organi zation. 6w To require written consent of tbs employee before the deduction of any part of his wages for the payment of organization dues may be made. DKESIDENT ROOSEVELT agreed to * extend the automobile Industry node until February I without changing its wage or hours provisions. The American Federation of Labor had de manded an immediate and drastic re vision of the code, and this the Presi dent refused. Mr. Roosevelt, however, said he believes the code needs revamp ing, and he hinted that pn February, 1 he may demand that the Indnatry stabi lize employment and pay rolls. “I have no hesitation In telling* you x " the President wrote In a letter to Wil liam Green, president of the A. F. of 1*. and Alvan Maeauley, secretary of tbs Automobile Manufacturers’ association, “that there are a number of matters connected will! IMS’ code with which X have never been fully satisfied.”" He disclosed both In his letter and a separate formal statement that be Is Lunching an Investigation into work ing conditions and wages In the indus try, with especial attention to tbs workers’ annual earnings. BRISBANE THIS WEEK Eckener, g Bosl M««» Wasted Mall Advertising One Happy Man How Many Would Die? Dr. Hugo Eckener, who has town 600,000 miles in bis Zeppelins and about 400,000 more stiles tesching young pilots, Is in New York. It Is a pleasure to seo such a power ful person, well past sixty, planning a now lino through the air between the United States and Europe, “coaat- to-coast in 48 hours.” He, of course, would run the ships on the first few trips himself. ▲ government spokesman urges ad vertisers to advertise by mall, writing nice “Dear Mr. Jones” letters, telling what the'advertiser baa for sale. Eugene Meyer, Jr., who owns the Washington Post, says that is wrong and means government competing with honest, long-suffering newspapers and their advertising profits. He asks, by implication, bow can the press be free if you take away Its money? That worry is unnecessary. The ad vertiser who triee to advertise by mail throws money out of the window and Igent^ c^ One happy man exists in spite of de pression; his name, familiar to you, Henry Ford. As far as he is con cerned the depression Is ended. To prove It be will build one million cars “or more” this coming year. That la a good sign, since it proves that there must be people able to bny one 'million ears. • ■ 1 Henry Ford aaya truly that Amer icans don’t “want a dole," and those that take the dole always turn against those that give IL There Is, however, the fact that* America doesn’t want revolution, or too many dangerous riots, and you may take It from the British that the dole la cheaper than revolution. England war near enough to the French revolution to realize that e National Topics Interpreted by WilEam Bmckaft Washington—-It has been seldom tines President Roosevelt took the helm of government Not that Washington has Giftso/Afoney^tnessed such an upheaval of condi tions and plans as has occurred in the last few weeks. Part of the changes result naturally enough from develop ment of plana for submission of new national policies to congress which will convene again In about six weeks. The other part comes from a sudden de termination by the administration to revise Its recovery methods. Possibly the most significant of the forthcoming changes In recovery plans Is the determination to try, at leasL to get away from direct relief. Instead of plain gifts of money, the admlnls- tratlon is now seeking to flpd addltlon- than 10 per cent provided the amount loaned above 10 per cent Is guaran teed by the Reconstruction Fin anew corporation or the federal rdservw system. Treasury officials think tiflw will encourage banks to extend addi tional credit • It happened that on almost the samw day that the treasury policy waa an nounced, one of the largest banks In the United States reported privately that one of its vice presidents bad re turned from a ajx weeks’ scouting trip In an effort to find places where it could loan money. This man visited important cities In 16 states. H* la a practical banker and he la thor oughly acquainted with the means off approach to potential borrowers. But his six weeks' tour netted one loan ap plication. al means for creating work so that in dividuals needing help may obtain their relief In the form of Jobs for which the government will pay. > Officials still are loath to discuss ex act figures, but they are, nevertheless, soon finds It out. And advertisers ar$ golng steadlly forward wUb pians for * converting the vast federal relief ma chinery Into an Extensive program that will embrace such things as slum clear ance, low cost housing and rural re habilitation. , Mr. Roosevelt will wait until the last moment before he fixes In his own mind how many hundreds of millions of dollars will be needed to carry out these projects. The total cost obvl- oualy will depend somewhat upon how F OR the Information of those who are hazy as to what the Germanic Faith-movement Is all about, here are the nine commandments Just Issued for the neo-pagans, to replace the ten commandments of the Christian Bible : 1. Honor the deity, the World foun dation. 2. Honor ancestors sod grandchil dren. 8. Honor the great of thy people. 4. Honor thy parents. 6. Keep yourself clean. 6. Be loyal to your people, 7. Do not steaL 8. Be truthful. 9. Help the noble. C'OLLOWINQ a week's conference ” with sgrlcultural economists from 40 states, officials of the Department of Agriculture and leaders of the AAA, the bureau of agricultural economic* has issued a bulky report forecasting generally Improved conditions for the farm Industry during the coming year. Here are the chief points in the pre dictions : 1. Greatly reduced supplies of most farm products will be seen, which, with Improvement In -consumer- pur chasing power, will probably brin higher level of farm Income during the first half of 1935, this despite low for eign demand for American farm prod ucts. 2. Farm production will be larger than this year’s unusually small pro duction. 8. This year’s higher prices may tend to stimulate excessive planting of some crops not under production control next year. 4. Continued Improvement In demand late next year will depend primarily on recovery In the durable godds In dustries. 5. “A small Improvement lo the pur chasing power of farm families may. in general, be expected.” 6. Prices of goods used In farm pro duction are expected to average some what higher, at least until Jtine, 1935. 7. The farm credit situation "will continue to show gradual Improvement above the bad conditions of th# past several years." 8. Next year's wheat crop ts expect ed to result In an export surplus, with prices hanging close to an export basis 9. Substantial advance In prices of meat animals is expected, with no ma terial expansion In live stock numbers sighted before 1936. 10. Next year's wool' dip will be the smallest in several years, with prices dependent on world production. 11. “A generally favorable” outlook Is seen for poultry raisers, with prices reipalnlng at seasonably high levels on til next summer. S OVIET Russia celebrated the sev enteenth anniversary of the Bolshe vist revolution with s parade of tbs great Red army before the tomb of I^nln in Moscow, and at the same time the Comintern, or Third Internationale, Issued by cable an appeal to the toil ers of the world to unite in a common front against imperialist wars and Fas cism. B ECAUSE of 4>er personal achieve ments and not becaose she Is tbe wife of the President, Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt has been awarded tbs second Glmbel prise of $1,000 and a medal for outstanding work for Amer ica. Sjn win receive the award In Philadelphia on December 12. Mrs. Roosevelt haa requested that the $1,000 be applied toward sending • child suffering from tbe affects of Infantile paralysis ts Warn Springs. Gorman C'RANCIS J. GORMAN, bead of tbe ^ United Textile Workers' commit tee that directed the recent atrlke, in a letter to George A. Sloan, head of tbe Cotton Textile In st 11 n t e, said that onion labor would be glad to co-operate wltb the industry In developing new mar kets for tbe output of the factories. ^ : He declared that after controversies had been Ironed out by the federal board named as a result of tbs strlks, represent atives of th* two sides could “begin conferences looking toward tbs Im provement of the Industry." Mentioning tbe Increased competition from Japanese goods and other factors which caused demand for American textiles to fall “millions of yards" ba low production capacity, he said: "A part of tbs purpose of the con ferences which r have In mind would be to create Joint employer-onion ma chinery for the expansion and exten sion of tbe textile market Such a pro gram would bo In fortheranos of tbe interests of workers lad sltka.” President Knubel of the United Luth eran Church of America worries shout tbe future of religion. Anti-religious forces, he says, are growing constantly In this and other countries; hundreds ef millions of people are “spiritually blind.” Rev. Dr. Knubel asks, “How do yon know that In two years from now yon might not be asked to die for your faith?” Let na hope It will not be as bad aa that, while wondering respectfully bow many would be willing to die, or, like the ancient martyrs, court death fpr rh» —h* at martyrdom. - •> There are various ways of making a living In America, that finds It so difficult to conquer lawlessness. One way is to smuggle In Chinese, Inflicting fearful hardships upon the unfortunate Immigrant Chinese and charging them from $1,000 to $1,500 for bringing them here. Smuggling Chinese Is connected with the opium traffic. While smuggling In Chinese you can also smuggle with each one a considerable amount of opium. Federal agents looking for opium found eighteen frightened Chinese In an Isolated house Id New Jersey, guarded by a powerful negro from Trinidad and five police dogs that would have mangled the unfortunate creatures had they tried to escape. Friends expected to bring the fee for smuggling them in failed to appear, hence their detention. Doctor Lahy of the New England hospital says the much discussed ex periment of transplanting la men-the glands of monkeys is a failure. How ever. partial transplanting of the parathyroid gland, from one human being to another, has proved success ful opening up greet possibilities. Failure of monkey gland trans plantation Is not bad new% There Is .enough of the monkey in man up to sixty years of age to make any monkey gland transplanting at that age seem unnecessary. Somebody said, long ago. that man-la -ooethird man, one- elusions third monkey, one-third hog. That Is a little severe, but the monkey part la sufficiently accurate. Japan Is busy fortifying South 8ea as the enthusiastic exponents of the Islands that she holds under mandate ef the League of Nations, and com- pl-'lnt Is made aimlessly. Nothing to surprise anybody In that fortification news. Japan la an Intelli gent country. It takes a country with statesman ship In the dodo ctaHt like ourselves, to possess Guam and hill to fortyf} the place because polite Britishers, acting ns mouthpiece for Japan, re quested us not to do so. The achievement of the admirable fivers, * Sir Charles Klngsford-Smltil and bis aid, C*pt. p! 0. Taylor, proves that the United States knows how ts bnlld airplanes. The piano that cams arms* the Pacific from Honolnln. 2.468 miles. In fifteen hours, beating by ten hours tbs best record. Is an A in erica n Lockheed plane built at Glendale. Calif., and tbe engine waa buRt by tba American Pratt A ney Aircraft company. If tha United Stats* should ever gel really Interested In building the world's greatest air fleet, aa It will do, or bit teriy regret IL the material Is at haed quickly the dole can be abandoned. It may run Into buttons of dollars be- canse, according to some authorities, removal from the dole Iff going to be ^opposed by certain types^ of persona. And. It seems, they can hardly be That 'banks’ report may sound silly because there are so many people that need money. Yet, It must be remem bered that a bank is trustee for the funds placed In Its care by ItS' depos itors and It cannot hand out money Ith rockless abandon. It must feet" reasonably sure that there will be a repayment, and this was the thins which the bank’s vice president failed to find. There were plenty of Individ uals and corporations that needed money but they had no security to of fer and little to guarantee that they could repay the borrowed funds. Financial experts, therefore, are not unduly excited about the latest treas ury ruling which was released with blamed becau^e onoe the gorennnent ****** money W to *ecurtty and when business Is at such a low ebt» altered Its traditional policy and made direct gifts of money It created a new psychology and the people who bene fited thereby quite naturally will be unwilling to have the source of the gifts closed for this easy manner of living. One of the plans under consideration as a part of the whole program is pro vision for employment by direct fed eral subsidy for housing. Under this plan, the government would advance part of the cost for Individual homes of low price construction. Estimates said to be In the hands of the Presi dent Indioale that an expenditure of $1,500,000,000 In this manner would release more than three times that amount In private capita** and give work to^n estimated (our million per sons. ""In keeping iritF the theory that the number on relief rolls will descend In direct proportion to the revival of pri vate constrnctlon, advocates of this plan contend that the cost would be less than outright relief. They say that with the government advancing part of the funds needed, private lend ing agencies would feel more secure and would offer gid In the form of the remainder of the loans necessary. • • • It has long been recognized that re covery cannot be accomplished with out a tremendous io- Need Private crease In construc- Construction t,on - Private con struction, however, wMI not go forward In a period of un certainty now no more .than It has In other years and the experts have de cided that the government must take the lead In this direction. They have advised the President there can be no real upturn In private building opera tlons unless a start Is made by the government. Whether this Is the right theory, of course, none can foretell. It may turn out to be that the govern ment Is pouring additional funds down Just aqother rat-hole as it has on numerous other occasions In tbe course of recovery experiments. My conver sations with men both In public and private life, men who are qualified to Judge, lead me to believe that there will be considerable construction re sulting from this program. The con- whlch have been expressed to me. It must be said frankly, do not Indicate that there will be any such total of new construction development under tbe new administration program program now contend. There are numerous reasons .for these conclusions as they have been explained to me. One of these reasons, and perhaps the most Important, Is that no one is going to build a house unless he feels that be can continna ts pay for It With depression conditions prevailing and with hundreds of thou sands of potential home owners now without reserves or resources of any kind tbe market for homes naturally la limited. That Is to say there are hundreds of thousands of famillea who would like to have homes bnt who have no way of acquiring them, e • • « Another road which the administra tion la now following In its efforts to canse money to flow more freely la the recent ruling easing restrictions banka have not' been permitted to make loans of more than 10 par cent of their capital and surplus for Industrial purposes to one borrower. Tbe treasury mom has abbrogated that provision, long regard ed as a sound banking ruling, and has laid the banks they may loan Z\Ea$mg anBankl Up much gusto and with statements that this will free “many hundreds of mil lions” to business. I am told that thw banks are chock-full of loose cash. Re ports to the>treasury certainly Indicate thfitXo he aTact But when norrowero that only the minimum of funds k» needed, I believe It can hardly be said that the bankers are wholly to Marne. The bankers have been vigorously crit icized In the last fonr or flv« years and obviously a considerable spanking was due them. On the other hand, 1 think It Is a plain statement of fact that you can no more force people to borrow than you can make a horse drink after you have led him H the trough. e. • • Senator Gerald P. Nye, North Da kota Progressive Republican, has start ed on s speaking Unusual tour that, as far am Speaking Tour I can find. Is with out precedent Thm senator Is chairman of the special een- ate committee named to* investigate the munitions, aircraft and shipbuild ing Industries, to determine whether these businesses have been active In fomenting trouble between the nation* of the wprld. The committee has held hearings covering a period of threw weeks, and the hearings will be ro- snmed later with the prospect thak they may run on for many months Senator Nye Is making a series of six speeches In the United States and one In Canada, dealing with the ques tion of who really starts wars. He ha* announced that he desires to tell th* country how nations are drlvdb Into conflict and the Inference la of course, that he believes munition makers and others producing ipaterial for war arm at the bottom of the hea^. But the paint Is that Mr. Nye per sonally Is an advocate of government ownership of all plants now engaged In the production of anything nsed in wars between nations. He Is authen tically reported to have a draft of leg islation in mind which he will present to the forthcoming congresa He I* not alone In holding this belief for at least four other members of his com mittee entertain the same general trend of mlsd. There are seven mem bers of the committee so that It Is ap parent the Nye plan will have a ma jority of that committee supporting It If and when it Is presented to the sen- sta | I have examined records rather com prehensively In an effort ro discover whether ever before any senator or member of the house had gone out t* the country with an appeal for support off legislation under a clrcumstanc* such as this. Tho committee had thro* or four months more of investigation ostensibly to ascertain all pertinent facts. Despite the fact that the sen ate has voted money for the committe* to make this Investigation and th* money will be spent si hearings, Sen ator Nye has proceeded to make known his views in advance. Disclosures mads by the committee thus far have been accepted general ly, I think, as showing there was some fire as the canse of the smoke. Cer tain testimony given before that com mittee linked some of the American munitions makers with foreign inter ests whose designs were of a political character. It waa shown how some of tbe foreign agents had attempted to provoke trouble between nations ef Europe and tbe logical Assumption la that If such activities occurred In tw* or three instances, they must have oe> In many others. Nevertheleea, of crit icism heard in Washington about Sen ator NyO’s plan of action becaosa, IK ts contended by tbeee critics It Is hard to see how tbe senator can con duct as unhUaori investigation aftsr having committed himself In this m*