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* . ;> •* aa •ll -y, News Review of Current EventsT&e President Calls for Trace Between Labor and Industry— Convention of A. F. of L.—Air Combat Forces Taken Away From Foulois. JL —— By EDWARD W. PICKARD C by Waattra N«wcpip«r Union. SfiolCUBnHMaMfaHBHaBaHHHBBI ■ 33 : ■ *'■ r >Zii3W-Z ' t * - ‘ V ' P RESIDENT ROOSEVELT’S latent radio talk with bis fellow cttlaens waa well written, well delivered and pecallarlj vague as to his future In tentlons. He sought to reassure business and labor, both of which tre questioning him 4inzlouslj, but be made no definite re plies to their categor ical queries. His one specific statement was 'that within a month he would seek to ne- . gottate a truce be tween large groupa of employers and large groups of employees through which there would be a cessa tion of the strikes that have been die- President Roosevelt raptiag the nation's business He said he would ask the representatives of those forces to agree temporarily on questions of wages, hours and working conditions and that with such agree ments In force he expected further ad justments would be made peaceably, through governmental or private medi ation. “I shall not ask either employers or employees permanently to lay aside the weapons common to Industrial war,” be added. “But I shall ask both groups to give a fair trial to peaceful methods of adjusting their conflicts of opinion and Interest, and to experiment for a reasonable tjme with measures suitable to civilize our Industrial civilization.” By way of reply to the appeals of many business. Industrial and financial leaders that the more radical measures of the administration’s program be abandoned, Ur. Roosevelt declared the New Deal is to go on. To the ques tions of those leaders concerning bal ancing of the budget, government ex penses, further devaluation of the dol lar or return to the gold standard, he made no reply. However, he did de clare himself In favor of a system of business based oa private profit. Then he said: "1 am not for a return to that defi nition of liberty under which for many years a free people were being gradu ally regimented Into the service of the privileged few. I prefer and I am sure you prefer that broader definition of lib erty under which we are moving for ward to greater freedom, to greater »e curlty for the average man than he has ever known before In the history of America." Concerning the NRA, the President gave praise to General Johnson and said the national recovery administra tion was entering Its secdbd phase, "which is In turn a period of prepara tion for legislation which will deter mine Its permanent form.” He admit ted there was a question as to the wisdom of seme of the devices em ployed during the first phase of the NRA, but decried the attacks on the constitutionality of many of the things his administration nas done. "We are not,” he said, “frightened by reaction ary lawyers or political editors. All these cries have been heard before.” Near the beginning of his address, the President said: "I am happy to report that after years of uncertainty, culminating In the collapse of the spring of 1933, we are bringing order out of the old chaos with a greater certainty of the employ ment of labor at a reasonable wage and of more business at a fair profit These governmental and Industrial de velopments hold promise of new achievements for the nation.” First formal response to the Presi dent’s speech came from the National Association of Manufacturers, which urged him to Issue a proclamation for a “truce on Industrial warfare” during which existing employment relations would be continued, and challenged the American Federation of Labor to take like action. Its statement said: "The President will finer employers willing to alt down with him, as he proposes, to devise means for ending the constant series of strikes which have been me of the major obstacles to recovery." Green and Morrison, respectively president and secretary of the federa tion, said this was a subterfuge and that the manufacturers should first publicly announce they would obey the decisions of constituted authorities, es pecially concerning discrimination and collective bargaining. That because It has failed to reduce hours of labor sufficiently It has also failed to create a satisfactory number of new Jobs. That Its compliance machinery Is In effective. with the result that viola tions of the spirit of the codes are eas ily accomplished and quite general. — Labor does not have proper repre sentation in either code enforcement or administration. — “In one way,” the report says, point ing to what seems to be viewed aa the bur only satisfactory accomplishment thu far under the NRA. “codes have ful filled expectations They have with few exceptions wiped out child labor.” RESIDENT GREEN In his address the Federation of Labor declared the establishment of the 30-hour week was one of the possible means of wlp- William Green Ing out unemployment, and said those oppos ing It have offered no other remedy. First actual results In the campaign for this were announced later to the convention by Frank Feeney, presi dent of the Elevator Constructors' union. What he called the “greatest labor docu ment ever written” has been signed—a five-year agree ment with contractor employers pro viding the six-hour day, five-day week for the 19,000 members of the union on a pay basis of the eight-hour day. The contract will become effective Im mediately. Feeney said. In any locality In which any other four of the build ing trades unions negotiate similar agreements. The document also provides for an absolutely closed shop and gives the elevator constructors the right to strike at any time to support any movement for the 30-hour week. While the delegates were cheering this announcement, Col W. F. Axton. tobacco manufacturer of Louisville, Ky„ arose and made a lively speech In support of the 30-hour week as the means of getting everybody > back to work. M If we want to get business back we must give employment to labor,” Axton said. "Industry at the same time must be protected from unfair competition by such means as codes.” The arrival of John L. Lewis, presi dent of the United Mine Workers of America, gave Impetus to the fight for extension of the A. F. of L. Into the Industrial union field and to the plan to Increase the executive council from 11 to 25 members. Although Lewis, controlling 3,000 convention votes, was opposed by Green on the council plan, the miners’ leader removed the last douht concern ing Green's re-election by announcing that he would not only back Green but would place him In nomination. EMODRLINO of tho NRA by the new industrial recovery board which baa displaced General Johnson Is under way. One of the board's first official acts wad to give a good Job to Kllbourne Johnston, son of the. retir ing administrator—though he spells his name differently. .The young man, who Is an army lieutenant on leave, was made acting divisional adminis trator in charge of manufacturing codes. Donald R. Richberg, director of the Industrial clashed rei»eatedly with Johnson when he was active as chief counsel of the recovery agency t Intimated If there had been wounds they were now healed. “We have no quarrel,” Richberg said with a smile, , < ' ; On behalf of the textile workers Francis J. Gorman formally accepted the President's plan for an industrial truce. He suggested a six-months' armistice and promised that during that period the union would permit “no stoppage of ‘work” III protest against any findings of this textlis or national labor relations 7 boards. At the same time Gorman warned that “renewal of conflict” was imminent unless the peaceful methods suggested by the executive could be brought Into “swift and effective action.” ✓ O NCE/m sla Is by a rei more talk of war with Rua- agltatlng Japan, stirred up remarkably frank pamphlet put opt by the Japanese army department Soviet Russia possesses 3,000 war ' planes, China, 600,” the pamphlet asserted. “If these nations combined, the air froces of the powers surrounding Ja pan would total more than"” 6,000 planes. “Although diplomacy can give as surance that we will meet only one enemy, we must assume that the ene- tny will have at least 3,000 planes. Japan has only 1,000 planes. Can our armaments be said to be complete with this poor air force? “Constant trouble along the Sovlet- Manchukuan frontier, the Increasing ly challenging attitude of the Soviets and Russia’s traditional unreliability make the future of Russo-Japanese re lations uncertain.” f;; LLOWINU the recommendations a special committee appointed by the War department and headed by Newton D. Baker, the department has created a general headquarters air force, comprising all the air combat forces, and placed It under the direct command of Gen. Douglas Mac- Arthur, chief of staff. Thus all the fighting planes are taken away from Gen. Benjamin D. Foulois. chief of the air corps, and he Is left In command of air schools and air Benny,” who flew with the worked his way to high command, has lonjr tteen at outs with the general stuff, struggling It Gen. Foulois only the army depots. W HILE President William Green and some other leaders of the American Federation of tabor. Just convened in San Francisco, expressed •4 -, approval of what Mr. Roosevelt said in bis radio address, many others prom laent in the federation are far from satisfied with the way things are go- tag. The executive council’s annual report devoted pages to an analysis of of the the effect of th? NRA hpon the inter est* of labor/ Almost without excep tion, the effects were found either di rectly harmful or at leait unsatisfac tory. The criticism was directed at the workings of the recovery program, in actual operation. The NRA and the New Deal Itself were not condemned. But the committee Indicted the pro gram on these main grounds: That U has failed to increase the • against ^ what fie considered Its fn : trlgues and politics. Now the general staff Is having its way with him and. as one Washington commentator says. Instead of the flying air fighter which his record fitted him to be. he has be come a desk soldier and a school teacher. Just as this order was Issued Brig Gen. William Mitchell, former chief of the air corps and a perpetual storm center, was testifying before the com mission appointed by the President to study the government’s aviation prob lem. Mitchell called the organization of a “GHQ” air force “a lot of bunk," and he declared that all army officers whu signed the Baker report should be “kicked out of the service." He re ferred to army aviation plana as the work of “Boy Scouts” In the War de partment According to Mitchell, these are the measures the country should adopt for Its aerial defense: Merge army, navy, and all air serv ices under one command. Build planes with a cruising radius of 6,000 to 8,000 miles, r Make detailed plans for war, Includ ing the evacuation of New York city in case of an air attack by Japan “from a base in Alaska.” Construct dirigibles, for 00 of them “competently” handled could destroy Japan within two days. T HU world air congress convened at Washington, and one of the most Important events on Its program was the award to Wiley Post of the International Aeronautical Federa tion's annual gold medal for the out standing aviation feat of 1933. For his solo Night around the world Post was chosen over Marshal Italo Balbo of Italy, the Lithuanlan-Amerlcan ocean flyers, Darius and Glrenas, and J. V. Smirnoff, heroic Holland-Dutch East Indies mall pilot. J NTERESTING, though not highly Im portant, Is the report that comes from Vienna that Mustapha Kernel Pasha, dictator-president of Turkey, wMy marry one of the. four unmarried sis ters of King Zog of Prssidsnt Kemal M THIS WEEK What Yon Read You Are She Is Lonely Yes, Money Does Coant Ihe President's Broadcast the “Hauptmann case.” dealing with the Lindbergh kidnaping. Newspapers have Increased circulation since Haupt mann's arrest This proves that dtl- sent, able to get aloug without ordi nary news of national and International affairs, canfiqt do without the Uud- bergh kidnap news. , The East reads about the “Bobby” Edwards case, that of a young man ac cused of killing a girl, Freda McKech- nle-knocking her «m- the head end drowning her when he tired of her. Others are much interested Id the case of a woman with a well known name and a quarrel about control and possession of a child, heiress to several millions. Foreign princes, plain Amer ican drunkenness, many unpleasant de tails, are dragged Into the story. A considerable crowd finds that Interest ing. That Judge’s decision will be In teresting. 4 _ Future historians will know what we idlng the “news stories” that Interested us. Mrs. Eva Coo, whom reporters choose “to call “Little Eva” Coo, now In the women’s wing of the death bouse of Sing Sing prison, convicted of murder ing a man whose life she had Insured, and waiting to be electrocuted, makes a statement. It has nothing to do with the hero* after, death’s uncertainty or its mean ing, the horror of the electric chair. The statement says: “I like company. I am so lonesome I don't know what to do.” to tiver the elee- trlc chair and all that Is on the other aide of that chair just ahead of her, and Mrs. Coo's strongest Impression It that she likes company. We are a gregarious race, and ab sence of Imagination Is a great help If you must be electrocuted. Does money make li difference to the United States? It made some dif ference when, in Foley Square, oppo site New York’s Supreme court build ing, six rather'old men were arrested charged with “vagrancy.” One of them. Sixty-four years old. who gave a name not his own, was found with bank books showing that be owned $6,000, safe in the bank. The magistrate “suspended sentence” on the $6,000 vagrant. He was not even fined. Five others that had no money were fined and Albania. Zog la to visit Ankara soon and the engagement may be announced then. Kem al. who - is fifty-seven years old. divorced his first wife, tatlfe Ha- nourn. In 1925, and la said to have expressed a wish to re-marry. King Zog's marriage able sisters range ' on-rushlng In age from twenty-three to twenty- six. The Albanian royal family, like Kemal, Is of the Moslem faith. Rumors of another almost royal marriage come from Paris. The Pariser Tageblattt. German refugee newspa per. says Chancellor Hitler contem plates taking as his bride a German princess, one of the family of Saxe- Coburg and Gotha which is allied to the crowns of half a dozen European countries. It adds that the fuehrer at the same time will assume the title of “duke of the Germans.’’ to jail for ten days when they did not pay. There Is a text for some budding Communist orator. Some call President Roosevelt's broadcast “crumbs of comfort,” thrown to “the right,” where dwell big Indus trialists. disgruntled financiers and other sad conservatives. It Is taken as “hitherto shalt thou go and no farther, and here shall thy proud wares be stayed.” addressed to radicalism.” The President’s broadcast proves that gentlemen were mistaken who said the President intends to do away with “profits." making private enterprise an obedient unit In the new system of society. The address means to op tlmistlc conservatives that the New Deal desires only to be “helpful” to private enterprise, not choke IL Bui private enterprise must be good, and. with the New Deal, keep Its eye on the ulltmnte happiness of the many. J JAR YARD university doesn’t like ■■hancellor Hitler's treatment of Germany's educational Institutions. Dr. Ernst F. S. Hanfstaengl, Hitler's con fidential aid and himself a graduate of Harvard, made an offer to the uni versity of a German traveling scholar ship, but It was declined. James Bryant Conant, president of Harvard, said In a letter to Hanf- staengl—— * If you buy whisky it Is wise to buy a brand that you know. In New York, this year, government % agents seized 100,000 cases of “queer” whisky. In eluding 15.000 cases of "Scotch” whig ky made In America, with one-eightn bestoh to make It taste “smoky,’’ the rest being sherry, glucose, and home made alcohol. The old game for children was “But- tom button, who’s got.-the but ton 7“ “We are unwilling to accent a gift I—----- _ . .... ~ KnAr, Tb* new game for grownups Is. from one who has been so closely as sociated with the leadership of a po litical party which has Inflicted dam age on the universities of Germany through measures which have struck at principles we believe to be funda mental to universities throughout the world.” , - ‘Dol \ S AMUEL INSULL and sixteen of his former associates in public utilities are now on trial in the federal court in Chicago. They are charged with having used the malls to defraud In vestors through the sale of $143,000,- 000 In securities of the Corporation Securities company. Judge James H. Wllkereon Is presiding over the trial and United States District Attorney Dwight H. Green heads the force of prosecutors. Selection of the Jury didn't take long, but It was certain the trial of the case would consume weeks far the witnesses are numbered by hundreds. lar, dollar, who’s got the dollar, and how shall we tax It?" -New York city, seeking $17,000,000 a month now. more later, for welfare relief, has already put a tax on Income taxes. - To “tax a tax” Is a new idea. If only deficits could be taxed, the problem would be easy. Secretary Wallace suspects, and farmers will be glad to hear It. that “an Ignorant, unscrupulous” political attempt will be made this fall to make the government lend 75 cents'a bushel on corn and $1 additional on wheat If Mr. Wallace’s fears are realized the “new frontiers," as regards United States finance, will be as wide as the Milky Way and as high as the blue star Vega. -V -X P RESIDENT ROOSEVELT and his naval advisers held a conference at the White House, and now Norman H. Davis, ambassador at large. Is on his way back across the Atlantic to taks part In talks in London preliminary to the International naval conference. Presumably he Is all primed to insist on tks President’s policies. With Mr. 1 Darts goes Admiral William H. Stand- lay, chief of naval operations. H. H. Kung. Intelligent Chinese statesman, finance minister, tells Sec retary Morgenthau that he would real ly and truly like to know what thf United States means to do about silrer Also, since this country Is anxious foi silver. China will sell us all she bar taking gold In exchange. Bret Ilarte. considering that Chines* statesman, might add a, verse to h!> description of Ah Sin. who possess* "a smile that was childlike sod bland * Nationat Topics Interpreted by William Bruckart Waahlngton.—As $e federal- retie/ administration looks forward to the winter months when Relief Co* the relief burden eb- Mounta vlously Is heaviest, Harry L. Hopkins, federal v relief administrator, maker public figures showing that the aver age cost of maintaining a family of four on public relief now Is $23.09 a month. He says this figure varies materially from section to section, that It la ma terially higher Jn-the Industrial center* of the South where relief-roll* are largest and that, probably, the country may expect a higher avemrre cost dur ing the forthcoming winter. The statement by Mr. Hopkins be comes exceedingly .significant. In thr opinion of observers here, especially with reference to the likelihood that there will be an Increase In cost this winter. It reflects two things. First, the administration’s drive to bring a boat increased prices through crop limitation or crop destruction or any of the several methods employed not only is adding to the burden of those with limited buying power but it Is compelling Uncle 3am and the states and counties and charitable organiza tions everywhere to pay an added price to keep people from starving. Second ly, the Hopkins statement gives more than an intimation of how many addl- lions to the relief rolls there may be as a result of refusal of some people to accept any kind of Jobs. It has been known many months that relief rolls carry a certain percentage of Individ uals who amount to the same thing as parasites, but the mounting cost both lirtbe~iverage and In the total flgur< are being examined by many experts with the thought In mind that consid erable waste Is In prospect. The relief administration has been attempting to make surveys of relief rolls In many Jurisdictions. The re sults In some of the cases have been quite disturbing to those In the gov ernment who are wholly desirous of lending help wherever help Is neces sary but who obviously are unwilling to see government funds drained off to care for individuals who are refus ing to help themselves. How far this condition Is going, none can foretell; nor can anyone at this time say Ac curately how extensive has become the list of those who regard relief rolls as their rightful meal ticket. Some of the political leaders have become alarmed because, haring knowl- ^ edge of tho dole system In England and in some of the other European countries, they know bow bard It la to separate Individuals from relief after those Individuals have lost the pride and morale which causes people to sup port themselves. Hearings before con gressional committees last winter dis closed In numerous cities bow some people had declined to do the odd Jobs created under the “make work" cam paigns for the unemployed and had preferred to make their semi-weekly trips to the relief stores. At that time there were relief advocates of the sob- sister type who Insisted *that the num ber of such unemployed was very small and that it would not Increase. Relief administration figures, however, seem to show that the contrary Is true and that wherever they may be there Is a certain number of the unemployed who will remain attached to the govern ment relief roll until that roll is abso lutely liquidated. • • • 1 have beard several members of congress express the opinion that this phase of the relief Difficult problem Is really the Problem most difficult of the whole structure. They want to see the government spend all of the money that Is necessary to keep people from starving but they are beginning to demand that some way be found by which the sheep may be separated from the gouts and proper ly fed. Here In Washington a taste of the condition mentioned above bas been W a taxpayers’ organization. The tax payers’ group declared that its Inves tigators had found many unemployed appearing at relief headquarters driv ing their own automobiles, they thought it igas paradoxical that a man could afford to maintain his automo bile and could not maintain his family. Relief authorities In the local offices denied these charges. The relief ex perts said some of the destitute were being transported to relief headquar ters In the cars of friends, but despite the denials there seemed to hare been some Ore In all of the smoke. Whatever the facts In the National Capital altuatlou may have been, the condition itself nevertheless Is attract ing attention for the reason that some of the soft-hearted individuals who usually do more talking than anything else hare risen to the defense of those who called for their doles In their mo tor cars. The upshot of this and of the veiled charges of waste—and sometimes graft —in other citiea la that this govern ment Is approaching a point where It must become more or less hardbolled In Its relief administration. If it does not, nearly all of the observers agree, the United States will have a relief roll of six or eight millions which will continue to serve as a drain upon the treasuries, both national and local, ter a good many years to parasitic element be separated from its meal ticket With winter coming on radicals can make a fine case out of a refusal by relief managers to feed this or that “starving family.” I have even heard suggestions that the com ing winter may see some riots of a character more severe than anything we have yet known. But if they do come It seems to bfi agreed they will not be due entirely to lack of food but to agitation on the part of some of those wl our present structure of government s s w With the return for the winter ses- slon St the Supreme Court of the Unit ed States, New New Deal Up Dealers as well as to High Court old dealers may havs some ground for be lief that questions respecting their acts In the last year soon will be answered. In this country, we have always looked to the courts as the last resort to tell us when eur legislative-bodies as well as executive officers of our govern ments, state or national, have gone be yond bounds. All through the summer there has been the mounting demand for Juridiclal construction of New Deal acta. It appears we are about to-get them In numbers from the highest court in the land. There are sufficient petitions before the Supreme court to delimitation provide a rather accurate of the New Deal scope in Its consti tutional aspects. Expert legal opinion here seems to lean toward substantiation of most ol w Deal activities by the blgk. court But at the same time some of the best legal minds in the country are maintaining that while part of the New Deal props look good, they are outside of what has hitherto been re garded as constitutional acts on the part of government and so the consen sus Is that there will be many five to- four derisions forthcoming from the Supreme court before It lays aside Us robes next spring. As the Supreme court now Is con stituted, I think It Is generally regard ed as leaning to the conservative side. While the court Is not supposed to be Influenced by economic phases, the economy of the New Deal Is so that entwined with law that many as tute observers tell me there can be no segregation of those two ele ments when It comes to ruling on con- stltutlonal phases of the New DeaL The best available figures show that the government has Instituted about 140 cases charging violation of NRA codes. It has won about 37 of these, and has lost about 15 of those coming to a decision. Private litigants have brought action against the NRA In 59 esses and the government has won 20 of these. Similarly* these have been some thing like 20 rases in the courts In volving Agricultural Adjustment ad ministration rules and regulations. Of those that have gone through to • decision the government has won seven and lost three. While It must be remembered that only a small percentage of these cases represent clear-cut Issues, the box score certainly Indicates the New Deal to be the winner thus far. Rut as said above, the lower court decisions mean* next to nothing on questions of such import as these; none of the litigants will stop short of a final decision by the Supreme Court of the~United States. A situation somewhat unique In American politics is developing In Wis consin where the Ijs- Witcontin Follette brothers are Politice undertaking to con tinue the family dy nasty by marching under the banner of a new organization, the progres sive party. It Is all being done very quietly but the facts seep through the national political headquarters here In Washington. The regular Republican organization -sees an opportunity to “knock off” the LaFollettes by throwing their support to John M. Callahan, the Democratic candidate for the senate. Apparently they have little or no hope of electing their own senatorial candldate^the Wisconsin publisher, John Bf^Cht pelle, who ended the political caroler of former Senator John J. r B!aIne In the primaries of 1932. If Mr. Callahan does pdtt^a sizeable Republican vote the question Is wheth er this will offset the defection* In the — •vv opi ■ * * < i ••tborlties Democratic party. He was one of the leading supporters of Alfred E. Smith at the 1932 convention and neither the President nor his lieutenants have for gotten that It was the present Demo era tic senatorial candidate la Wiscon sin who gave publicity to charges that Mr. Roosevelt’s early campaign in the South for Presidential nomination waa In part financed and supported by the officers of the Klu*Klux Klan In Geor gia. AH of which leads to the observa tion that political leaders sometimes do very strange things. They have been known to throw their owp candidates overboard when the occasion required if they were to hold their control of the party machinery, state or national Consequently, It Is not particularly strange that the Republicans wHl sup port a Democrat for the senate if u would mean the removal of the thorn in their sides which the LaFollette has proven for several