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* • ’ * -O T ' A ^ v * • .r-i* v / l>e Barawell Pcoplt-ScattaMl, Barnwell, & C, inly 12,1934 mi: :-y r-• L L I/’ News Review of Current JL”? Events the World Over “Second Revolution” Smashed by Hitler and Its Leaders Put to Death—Roosevelt Names Five . ^ Boards and Sails Away. , By EDWARD W. PICKARD • by W.ot.rn N.w.p.p.r Union. »np^VAnNicn nf n rn«llcal plot Com. Kruent H. von Helroborg. made Chancellor Hitler T within the National Soclallat party to brlnf about a second revolution In Germany, fhancellor Adolf Hitler struck with swiftness and nithleesnesa that completely smashed the revolt on the eve of the planned coup d’etat and left the malcontents, chiefly members of the Storm troopers, dinted and terrltted. The Chan cellor himself exhibit ed resolution and per sonal bravery with which the world had not credited him. Flying from Berlin to Munich In the night. Hitler with only two bodyguards went direct to the summer home of Capt. Ernst Boehm, commander of the brown shirts and long his personal friend. Boehm and certain of his as soclates were found In situations that confirmed the often heard stories of their moral perversion, and as Hitler was certain also of their complicity In the revolutionary plot, he personally arrested Boehm, tore off hla Insignia and offered him a chance to commit suicide. This Boehm refused, so on Hitler's order be was shot To death, as were the others taken with him Meanwhile, Gen. Hermann Wilhelm Goertng, premier of Prussia, directed a aeries of raids throughout the coun try that resulted In the deaths of nu merous prominent members of the con spiracy ami the arrest of scores. Chief among those ahbt down waa Gen. Kur! ▼on Schleicher, Hltler’a predecessor as chancellor and reputed head of the revolutionary plot Hla wife stepped In the way of the policemen’s bullets and also died. Well known Storm troop leaders In Munich and elsewhere were put to death summarily, and no waa Heinrich Klausener. head of the Catholic Action party. Vice Chancellor Frans von 1‘apen. who had recently attacked the radical tendencies of the Nails, was put under heavy guard, and forbidden to leave hla home, and two of his adjutants killed themselves. Viktor Lutxe was appointed to suc ceed Boehm as chief of staff of all the relchswehr units. In cluding the Storm troops among whom the disaffection had existed and the regu lar army, which was declared to be entire ly loyal to Hitler. President Von Hla denbnrg all ttTTs time was at his estate at Neudeck, East Prua sla. and there were reports of his serious vlktor Luts* Illness, which were flatly denied. Two days after the chancellor's drastic ac tion the aged president telegraphed Hitler and Goerlng his approval of their course, congratulated them on their victory and thanked them In the name of the nation. Undoubt edly, Hitler's personal position was strengthened for the time being, and the leftist elements In the Nasi party were weakened and divided. Goerlng and Hitler professed pity for the ’’mls- led" Storm troopers, but the latter are now out of their uniforms tem porarlly and may never be as Impor tant as they have been In the past. They had become something like a pretorlan guard that threatened Hit ler’s supremacy. In various European capitals there were predictions of further outbreaks Id Germany and the return of the Hoheniollerns. Hitler's “violent” methods were crit icized by Engelbert Doll fuss, A us trla’a dictator, who said: “Does not the light at last dawn upon us that one cagpot make a people happy with violent methods?” Paris Interpreted the affair as a victory for conservatives and as open ing the possibility for a return of the Hoheniollerns. The violence, it was claimed, revealed a breakdown la thy unity of the Hitler movement In London the view was taken that Hitler bad solidified his position. Some papers accused him of employing the methods ef gangsters and called the •laying of storm-troop leaders “brutal murders.” the presentation at Toronto and at- tended the unveiling of a monument erected by the United States' Daugh ters of 1812, to the memory of General Pike and others of the United States’ forces killed during that war. fGNOBING the efforts of the federal * government and the law officers of the Middle West to catch him, John Dllllnger, with four companions, staged another murderous hank raid. This time he hit In South Rend. Ind. He kHied one police officer! shot four oth- er |>ers«mfl and got away with S20.800 from the Merchants National bank. As the gang lied In an automobile they were subjected to heavy (Ire by the police and there Is good reason to believe that Dllllnger himself was wounded. J. M. Landis P RESIDENT ROOSEVELT departed on his cruise to the Caribbean and Hawaii aboard the Houston, accompa nied by his two younger sons. Frank lin. Jr„ and John; Rudolph Forster of the White House sec retarlal staff; Com maruler Boss T. Mein tire, naval physician; tins Owmerlch, per sonal bodyguard; Richard Jervis, secret service man, and Pharmacist's Mate Ge<.rge K«>x. On ac- cnmpanylng destroy ers are two secret service men and three representatlvei of three big press associations. Before sailing the President per formed these seven important sets: Approved the Frailer-I^mke farm mortgage moratorium bill. Approved the railroad unemploy ment and pension act Involving ad ditional burdens of millions of dol lars on rno carriers. Appointed Joseph Kennedy, wealthy New York stock operator as chairman of the new securities exchange com mission for a five-year term, and George C. Mathews, James M. Landis, Robert E. Mealy and Ferdinand Pecora as members for terms ranging from four years downward. • Named Eugene O. Sykes, Thad H. Brown, Paul Walker. Norman Case, Irvin Stuart, George Henry Payne aad Hampson Gary members of the new communications commission for terms ranging from seven years downward. Set up the new national labor re lations board with Lloyd Garrison, dean of the University of Wisconsin law school, chairman, and Prof. Henry Alvin Mills, head of rbe Fconomtei de partment at the University of Chicago, and Edward S. Smith of Massachu setts, lalnir relations specialist, as the other members. Named James A. Moffett, former vice president of the Standard Oil Company of New Jersey and a me id* her of the planning and coordinating committee of the oil conservation board, as administrator of the new $1,000,000,0(10 housing program. Appointed five members of a com mission to study federal aviation and air mall affairs and make recommend ations to the next congress—Clark Howell. Atlanta, Ga.. publisher; Je rome Clarke Hunsakep, New York; Edward P. Warner, Washington. D, C.; Franklin K. I^ane. Jr., California, and Albert J. Berres, California. fifthi gpesttooi la dlapotaSfrstw— tha steel -tens and their workers Is expected and the threatened strike probably will be averted. The President, Invoking hts new emergency powers, named a three-man hoard to arbitrate the In dustry’s troubles, aad both sides In dicated they would aecept Its deci sions. The members of the board are Admiral Henry A. Wiley, James Mal ien bach of Chicago and Jndge Walter Stacy of the North Carolina Snprems court The two latter fiave had.long- experience as labor mediators. Under Ihe emelrfency Hiw, tfili froup cih or der and police elections In all iteel plants to determine which onion shall represent the men In collective bar gaining. The board can also hand down declslona an >11 Mbipliinf brought by either workers or employ ers. President Roosevelt ordered the board to report to him from time to time through Secretary of Labor Frances Perkins. F ederal judge j. p. barnes of Chicago gave one phase of the New Deal a rap by granting an In junction restraining the government from enforcing the provisions of the AAA milk licensing agreement against the Independent milk deafen In the Chicago area. In effect, the Judge ruled that the government, through the AAA, has usurped powers which un der the Constitution It had no author ity to assume. " * The AAA officials in Washington de clared they would seek to have Judge Barnes’ ruling set aside. Jerome Frank, general counsel for the AAA, admitted that If the decision were up held by higher courts, the fifty mar keting agreements now In force under the farm act and hundreds of the codes under the NRA would be with out constitutional sanction. BRISBANE THIS .WEEK Two Fine Grandmothers Biting the Third Rail Wedell, a Good Flyer Fighting Language ^ President Roosevelt’s mother had palace, served In the queen’s private apertmenta, that few American women have seen. Nobody knows what was said by the two most estimable grand- tothera. ' No doubt Mrs. Roosevelt told Qtieen Mary a great deal about “the most wonderful son in the world,” Franklin Delano. Mrs.. Roosevelt might have ■aid truly to the wife of the British king and emperor. “My son has more power, and uses more power, than any ruler on earth, not excepting your fine husband. King George.” On the Far Rockaway branch of the Long Island railroad, passengers saw a small dog touch the highly H ARRIMAN hosiery mills, the con- cern that - was deprived of its Blue Eagle last April, has been forced to close down, and its 653 workers are out of Jobs. The Tittle city of Harrl- man, in Tennessee, depended largely | on the mills and the company had the support of practically all the people there In Its dispute with the NRA. The officials of the company sent to Administrator Johnson—and to Presi dent Roo&velt—a vigorous protest asserting the concern had been an- Justly and unfairly deprived of Its property rights In the Blue Eagle. “We would like to know,” said the letter, “If the Blue Eagle Is the prop erty of the law-abiding dtlxens of the United States or If It Is a plaything to be held over the heads of honor able and decent employers as a cudgel to browbeat and bulldose them Into surrendering their constitutional rights for the benefit of outside agitators whose only purpose Is to exploit labor for their own personal gain.” The dispute started last October, when about 300 employees went on strike with the claim that the com pany would not relnatate twenty-three workers who had Joined the United Yorkers’ Textile anion. Fred Held, vice president of the American Federation of Hosiery Workers, went to Hardman after the mills closed, but was taken from the train by q band of armed men. taken gome dlstanee In an automobile and rel»-MReU on promise nut to return. charged “third rail" and rise yelptug Into the air. Indignant, the dog rushed back at the rail, biting It More yelping. A third time the dog' returned to the attack. Even a third shock did not kill, and he went else where. As the small dog treated the third rail so "civilized” nations treat the highly charged war danger. But, un fortunately, they don’t know enougl to stay away after three tries. Half the nations In Europe, and some in Asia, may be back biting that/same old third war rail In a short time. The death of James We^ell, a flyer who held the world’s record for flying, means a serious lose to this country. When only a boy, Wedell bought an old, broken-down plane sold aa Junk, repaired It, flew to army headquarters seeking a chancy to fight and fly in France. Told “You can’t possibly iy. because you have only one eye,” he replied. “Why can’t I? How do you suppose I got hereT*J. . .. He was an airplane designer of real genius, a skillful builder, as well as one of'the greatest pilots In the world. His land plane record was 306 miles an hour, and when be died he waa king on a machine with which he oped to win the London to-Melbourne race next October. work ^ope Moscow newspapers accuse Japan of •rousing hatred against Russia, men tioning an anti-Soviet film called “The Supreme Will,” displayed In Japanese theaters. The picture shows Russian airplanes attacking Tokyo, and men tions the fact that 100,000 Japanese killed In the Russo-Japanese war “have not been sufficiently avenged.” The Important Russian newspaper Pravda says: “Japanese Imperial ism does not hesitate to nse dirty methods to slander the Soviet Union.” That Is fighting language. National Topics Interpreted by William Bmckart Washington. — Armed with -more tats say TrrtWaat the United States, or the One-Man head of any demo- C!antral cratlc government, ever has had, Preal- Went Rooaevelt has Started wtmf ha- hopes will be the final drive for eco^ nomic recovery. He has all of weapons In his own hands. There ha no mistake that he is prepared to use them. When the second session of / the Sev enty-third congress adjourned, the work It had done together with the enactments of the first session, com pleted the transfer to the Chief Execu tive of more authority than any con gress ever before Tiad delegated to the head of the goverrme.it. In survey of the/sets seems to Indicate that congress delegated to Mr. Roose velt at least 50 per cent of the power ordinarily reserved to the legislative branch/alone. Some of the grants were of a/temporary character, of course, buy nevertheless the President has >m and they cannot be taken away intll after the first of January, 1935, irrespective of their nature, unless exi gencies should srise under whiefy Mr. Roosevelt will call the congress back for an extraordinary session. Those exigencies do not now appear on the hbrizon. The above paragraphs are a neces sary preludl to the further statement that for tho 1 fuming IffiEttfr tL Legality Questioned row money, to T WO events In recent days have em phasised the friendship that exists between the United States and Can ada. The first jwaa the dedication of the new International bridge span ning the 8L T-awrence between Roose- veltown, N. Y„ and Cornwell Canada. Secretary of War Dern represented President Roosevelt at the ceremony, and the earl of Bess borough, governor general, was there for tin Dominion. The second event, on July 4, was the return to the Canadlsn government af the mace of the parliament of up per Canada that was taken during the War at 1812, at the tattSs of York, and had bean In Hie Nava) academy at AAnapoUs ever since. On racom- BMOdatloa of President Rooaevelt fninTSM authorised the restitution of ttm Rear Admiral William D. Laahy, chief of the boreao of navlga- ‘ ‘ by Ms aM, Lieut W INDING up its fiscal year, the federal government found that, counting emergency expenses, it had *>,;ent about $4,000,000,000 more than It had collected. Balancing receipts against ordinary expenditures, the government figured It was $28,000,000 “in the black” for the year. President Roosevelt has estimated nearly $5,000,000,000 would be added to the national debt by emergency ex penses during the next 12 months. This was predicated on recovery that would make Industrial production av erage 98 per cent of the 1923-25 level In July, 1935, the President ho|)e8 to start the payoff for the recovery program. By that time, he has said, the budget should be balanced. According to the federal reserve board's Index, the Industrial produc tion figure for the year Just ended was slightly above the 81 per cent av erage on which the President based his hopes In May It rose to, 87. Last July It went to 101 for a while, boosted by speculative business activity. W ITH congress adjourned and the President preparing for his Hawaii cruise. Miss Margaret Le Hand, confidential secretary la Mr.- Roosevelt. decided to take a vacation, so she sailed for Europe. Now comes from Paris the positive statement that Miss Le Hand Is to he married to Wll- Ham C. BulHrt. Amer ican ambassador to Russia, and that she was making the final arrangements In the French capital. The young lady would say nothing In confirma tion or denial except to declare that she was not going to Russia, but the correspondents were sure the plans were well advanced for what It had been hoped would be a dberet wed ding. It was understood that Corne lius Vanderbilt Jr., a close friend of the President, would act as best man for Mr. Bullitt Mr. Vanderbilt Is In the Riviera, and Miss Le Hand also was booked to go there before return ing to America late In July. Margaret Le Hand S OMETHING like a hundred thou sand Americans and Canadian* gathered In Detroit for the good will celebration which was held on the Ambassador bridge under the aus pices of the American Legion and the Canadian Legioa The bridge, which links Canada and the United, States across the Detroit river, waa turned Into a huge playground and customs and Immigration barriers were lifted for the day. ' M ILWAUKEE'S street car strike came to an end when the operat ing company yielded to moat of the demands of the union workers and peace terms were signed. The prop erty damage sustained by the com pany during the four days of rioting waa estimated at $250,000. One man was killed and dosens Injured. M I r EXICO elected a new constitu tional preaHaot—Qn. Lasaro Cardenas—and It was the quietest election in the country's history. Car denas, thirty-nine^year-old veteran ef the wars, was backed by the powerful National Revolutionary party and swamped Ma two G IVING up hope for a disarmament pact at Geneva, the British gov ernment has under way extensive puins for strengthening Its air force for defense of the country. This Iras announced to parliament by Lord ILon donderry. secretary for "ulr. He turned down a suggestion for an Im perial air fores for the defense of the empire, but said there would be dose cooperation with the air forces of the dominions. »OV. Dakota, recently convicted of con spiracy to defraud the federal govern ment, achieved a measure of vindica tion by winning renomlnatloo In the Republican primaries. Hla entlra Mate, with the passible exception of on* man, was victoriona. In New York, a chauffeur asked his boss to find a Job for the chauf feur's brother. A Job was found at $25 a week driving a truck. The Job- lesa~l>rdther said Indignantly; "What! Drive a truck for $25 a week when I can get $15 a week from the government for doing nothing? No, thank you." That can last a long time if the government Is willing to print the money. It may last not quite so long, bat several years, if the government continues Its present ssinlne course of inflating with bonds, doubling its debt by payment of Interest. If nudist foolishness last long enough, and foolish nudists have money enough, Mr. Maurice Allard, who has made himself president of the “Na ture’s Recreative association,” Intends to take a hundred and sixty nudists to lovely Vanna Vanna Island in the South seas It will cost each nudist $1,000 to go there, and, for the sake of peace, they must all be married and take their wives. Being married and taking their wives along under nudist conditions may not mean absolute peace. That remains to be seen. At a recent sale of old coins, some body paid $100 for a “brass dollar,” of the time of Franklin, that dollar hav ing stamped on It the words, “Mind your business.” If that dollar could make this coun try take that advice. It would he cheap at $100,000,000. Falling to mind our business has cost the United States many tens of billions, and will cost more In the future. " . «j In China, Mg country with the big gest population, things are done In a .big way. In Fukien province nine young Chinese girls, from thirteen to nineteen, all suffering from unrequited love, tied themselves together. Jumped Into the river; all were drowned. . Under old Chinese costoma some of £ho nine might have been thrown Into the river aa babies as “surplus girls.” Catholics in Germany resent the gov ernment's pretensions to rule la church -as well aa outside / Chancellor Hitler la called by Ger mans their Fuehrer (“leader”). Bishop Nicholas Bares, addressing ■Meting, telhf them that Christ Is their only Fuehrer; that they shook! bo M only by him. not listen to “tbo falter ing words of human beings.” Tbo papal nuado participated In the cere —-y least, the country will have a distinc tive one-man control Ordinarily, we are prone to consider this government of ours In a little different manner because. In a period when congress to* session, the restrictions which Its enactments embody serve to cir cumscribe the powers of the executive ■branch of the government. In the forthcoming six months, however, the executive branch may operate with all of the freedom discretionary author ity carries to the New Deal legisla tion. Because of the great speed which characterized passage of the New Deal legislation for which the Presi dent asked. Its full meaning waa over looked temporarily In many cases. Now that congress has gone, however, appraisals ire possible In the light of the relationship existing between vari ous Items of the New Deal, and thla has occasioned more than the usual amount of discussion In Washington. One line of discussion frequently heard Is that Mr. Roosevelt has placed himself In a spot where he can claim full personal credit for the success of his program. By the same token, and since success Is not yet assured, he Is on the spot where he must accept full re sponsibility for failure of any part of the program to accomplish the Job which be has outlined. From what t hear around Washington, there seems no disposition anywhere to take away "any hf f!te~cfiedii. The politicians 6b the President’s side dare not seek any of the credit, for their records show them to have been wholly subservient to his will. Anti-adminlstratfon^ poll- Uclans are continuing to play dead, for their strategy Is apparently one of allowing the calf all ef the rope. If failure attends any units of the program, they will make great capi tal of It If success Is complete, they can do nothing about it anyway, thus they are to a blind alley for the time being. This posltioa. I am told, does not mean that the Republicans and other anti administration groups will not fight back. 1 have explained In ear lier letters that they are going to fo ment trouble by attacks on various of the policfis to show vulnerable points. As I said at the outset, the story of the Seventy-third congress is the story of the broad- Just a Loan est loan of power af Power ever g,ven - H Inu,t be described as a loan of power, because congress can take It back at any time by muster ing'sufficient votes for repeal of the laws It enacted. But It must he re membered that, under the so-called Norris amendment to the federal Con stitution, the recently adjourned ses sion of congress was the last session. In otheg words, when adjournment was voted. It was an adjournment sine die. It was finished. It cannot be recon vened without a call by the President and that, aa I reported above. Is hard ly within the realm of possIMHtles. All of which la by way of saying that Mr. Rooaevelt will have the use of these loaned powers completely and unequiv ocally certainly until next January. It might be added that he will have most of tnem for much longer be cause, although congress can exercise tta right fo take them hack, recovery of the grants of power la not as easy as It may seem. For example, nor mally, repeal of a law la accomplished by a majority vote In congress. Rut one moat atop to consider here that Mr. Rooaevelt may not want to give np the anthority vested to him. He Hi the power to veto an act of con gress. Then, to get those powers back errlde the veto. ^To override a veto U la accessary ander the terms of the Constltnttoa that two-thlrda of each house shall have voted to the afllnpatlve 4 am maktag no assertion that any sock attitude wM be taken by the Eooe can make it for none it the will be whin the time comes for a potot- It to worthy of thought, In my opinion, however, that here Ji a condition where the system of Cnecks and balances between the itlve, Judicial and executive inchea .of the government have placed a powerful whip In the hands of the Executive. Students of the Con stitution tell me that it Is a very un usual condition. Frankly, as I see the situation at this time. It will take an overturning of public sentiment equal In magnitude to tke landslide by which Mr. Roosevelt was elected to force a return of that power to con gress were the President desirous of retaining it • • • When Mr, Roosevelt came Into of- flee March 4, 1933. the congress, ac cording to the Con stitution, held the power to levy and collect taxes, to bor- regulate foreign and domestic commerce, to coin money and regulate Its value and to govern Its relation to foreign coin, to combat counterfeiting, to set up Inferior cdurts, to declare war and grant let ters of marque and reprisal, to raise and support the army and the navy and control calls for the militia, to define and punish piracy, guard the copyright of creative work, and to make all necessary latte for carrying out these various powers. ‘ What has congfflu retitned of these vast powers, given It by the Constitu tion because it represents the people? There Is a divergence of opinion. Sure ly, however, there has been delegated to the President some of the meet Im portant of those powers, snd some authorities like Senator Borah of Idaho, and some of the Democratic conservatives claimed the delegation has been Illegal. Whether that conten* _ tlon Is true, of course. Is a matter for the courts. To examine just a few of the things done by congress will Illustrate the extent to which It went In granting authority to the President Take the laws creating the Agricultural Ad- z justment administration and It will be seen that the authority to levy and collect taxes was granted and at the same time a big handful of control over Interstate and foreign commerce was given to the Executive. Produc tion control under the so-called Bank, head cotton control law Is Just that An Important control over Interstate and foreign commerce was given tbs president also under the national re» rovery act General Johnson, admin istrator, exercises that authority, of course, but he does so under execu tive direction. While the power la circumscribed to Ian extent, congress gave the President authority to change the value of the dollar. He cannot vary It greater thaa • between fifty and sixty cents, as we used to measure cents, but the power to coin money and regulate Its value rests with Mr. Roosevelt to that ex tent.-The Implications ge much -fur* - titer. The treasury has an Immense fund of gold which It can use In main taining the relationship between oor dollar and foreign coins. Under the present set-up, congress gave away temporarily the right to make laws, or a part U. S. in Many of that authority. In Burinetitj "" " f of the New Deal congress, much discretionary power to draft regulations and rules for admin istration of the new laws was accord ed the Executive. Anti-admlnistratloa leaders contend that in using this dis cretionary power, the executive branch has put government into countless businesses. Through the Reconstruc tion Finance corporation, for example * the government owns or has Influence In through the medium of loans such businesses as banking, dairying, cotton and wheat and other grain stocks. In the mortgage field, railroading and in ^ the various fields of commerce and industry such as those touched by the Tennessee Valley experiment In the charity field, the government has gone a long way. It Is providing work In numerous ways. Various ex periments are being worked out with these funds, voted by congress for dis tribution under the President’s direc tion. Some of the money Is being used, for example, fofthe building of whole towns to conjunction with a govern ment-owned manufacturing plant Through NRA, It Is to be mentioned also, the anti-trust laws were virtually. If not wholly, suspended. The recov ery act made the anti-trust laws In applicable where corporations signed the codes and complied with the Mae eagle requirements Under that same set of laws, too, the government vir tually became a partner In alt busi nesses, since It exercises anthority over their manufacturing practices and policies aa well aa their methods of production and distribution. Finally, it ought to be mentioned that no longer can an Individual sign * contrast by which ho win agree W make payment In gold All such con tract* entered Into heretofore. If they are still In effect, mean nothing bo- canae they cannot be enforced aa In payssent la gold The trenenry baa beoosM the owner ef all monetary geld wtthla the confines of the United ■ ■Stot /