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1 V i..Ji The Bniwell PeopIt^tnUBtl. Barnwell, & C, March 2% ISM 'V—r: News Review of Current Events the World Over yy Resident Roosevelt Asks Congress to Provide for 12 Bjsnks to Help Small Trade—Mussolini Predicts World Fascist Era in 60 Years—Rickenbacker Causes Stir. PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT, In « let- * ter to the aenate and house bank ing committees, asked congress to set op twelve Industrial credit banks which he had been told would safe guard the jobs of 34ti,0UQ persons and create work for 378,000 more. Imme diately after the President’s wishes were known legislation was Introduced In both houses giving the fetferaf re; serve system authority to create the banks, financing them by selling $140,- 000,000 of stock to the treasury. The plight of the "small or medium size” industrialist was stressed by the ‘Presidehf, an~d lie cited results of a s'uF vey Indicating that such Industry was badly in need of J700.000.000 working capital. The President asked for "early con sideration” of his proposal, pointing out that the situation called for "im mediate relief,” —*-t The President’s letter to Chntrmeir Fletcher and Steagall of the senate and house banking committees said the proposed banks would be con trolled by directorates a majority of which will themselves be Industrial ists. Mr. Roosevelt said: ‘i have been deeply concerned with the situation In our small Industries. In numberless cases their working cap ital has been lost or seriously depleted. **We have afforded much aid In the recovery of agriculture, commerce,'our larger industries and our financial In- StitUll0M, a.ud our Improved-condition - nationally furnishes full Justification for these efforts. We must continue In behalf of the medium size man In industry and commerce.” The credit banks proposed in bills Introduced would be chartered by , the existing Federal Reserve banks and be operated subject to the regula tions of the reserve board. They would set up branches. C PEAKING before an assembly of ^ 5,000 cheering^ chief Fascists Premier Mussolini outlined a 60-year program of internal and external ex- wfalchr he- predfeted, would In the Twenty-first cen tury give Italy the, "primacy of the world.” That century, he said, will be a “black shirt era.” “In this age of plans,” n Duce de clared, “I want to lay before you a plan not for five years or ten years but for 00 Rlckenbacker’s statements came ex temporaneously after reading a pre pared statement denoubclng cancella tion of contracts as "unfair and un- American,” and after cross-examina tion, arising from the witness chair, he declared cancellation had “caused doubt In the minds of millions of Amer icans.” He continued: “It Is the doubt In the minds of mil lions whether all the President has so ably accomplished, such as the NRA, GW A, gold content and others, has- been proven or has had time to be proven, or whether they are. as big a mistake as the cnnceiratloh of thre ^TT mall contracts; whether tomorrow that also may he questionable.” —Rickenbacker—agreed—with Lind- bergh and Clwnberlln that a federal CPBAKKR RAINEY, Irked by so ^ many old-tlma regulars breaking away from the administration on vet erans’ legislation, baa ordered a de tailed check to show which house Dem ocrats voted “wroag" on 21 dif- fereat occasions. Rainey and other leaden an anwilllng to admit that they plan any action against the ont- sumdlng Irregulars. They say that nothing tangible can be done. “But we’ll have the information showing bow many men have voted agalnat ua and on what occasions,” the speaker said. « Many thlnga could be done with the tabulation. If, for example. Post master General Farley, Democratic patronage dispenser, should telephone the speaker, it would be a simple mat^ ter for Rainey to refer to the list and orlentlsts hope to drive a railway mo- ate what the record showed. Rainey dames 21 bills and resolu tions as “administration.” A glance nt the list would show: -- Uoeppel of California has opposed nery of Massachusetts, chairman of the labor committee, 8, and Grosser of Ohio, chairman of the Democratic steering committee, 7. ■ H (Mum irmssl ■ aviation commission should be named to take charge of the Industry at once and that the proposed bill is "destruc- tlvn to Industry.*’ > T RACTS urging the public to donate cash to promote the sport of flying in Germany were circulated In Berlin Sunday. Under the Versailles treaty public funds are not permitted* to be uged to stimulate aviation, but the leaflet points out that the treaty does not refer to pri vate Initiative, and adds: “We are unable to J construct military planes, but the devel opment of the sport of fly I ng and train! ng German people-as fly ers is entirely depend ent upon ourselves and our readiness to make sacrifices.” The demand for a German air force was also emphasized by Gen. Her mann Wilhelm Goerlng, premier of Prussia and relchsmlnlster of aviation, lit speaking at a flying exhibition at the Essen airport- Goerlng declared that Germany can enjoy no security, no peace, no equality until she la. Premier Goerlng A new tlon policy the house Insisted on adding more than $2Q0,(XX).LHX) In vet- erans’ benefits and government pay to the federal outlays in the next fiscal year. However, this was a compromise, for the amendment adopted by the house involves a total annual expendi ture of aproxtmately 990,000,000 for veterans as compared -with the $118,- 000,000 caHed^ for under the veterans’ amendment adopted by the senate. Briefly summarized, the house meas ure as sent to conference provides: 1. That all Spanish-American war veterans be restored to the pension rolls on a basis of 75 per cent, of what they received prior to enactment of the economy bill last session. 2T That ail World war veterans with service connected—disabilities be re- stored to the rolls on a- full basis. 3. That World war veterans with presumptive disabilities be returned to the rolls on a 75 per cent basis. In addition, It eliminates pensions for emergency , offleers, . pensions for the widows of the men lost in airship disasters, and knocks out the so-called Borah amendment limiting the resto-. ration of the federal pa°y cut to per sons receiving less than $6,OOP a year. granted the right to defend herself In the air. This demand cannot be al tered, the air minister proclaimed. “If other countries are permitted the heaviest weapons of attack In the air, Germany at least must be given the right of defense,” he said. CENATOR WAGNER of New York. ^ chairman of the national labor board, has put forth a warning that unless “misconstruction" and “evasion” of the collective bargaining provisions ■m. Museolinl years carrying on to the Twenty-first century, at which time Italy will have the primacy of the world. "Italy has no future in the West and North. Her future lies to the East and South In Asia and Africa. The vjst resources of Africa must be valorized and Africa brought within the civilized circle. "I do not refer 1 to conquest of ter-~ rltory but to natural expansion. We demand that nations which have al ready arrived In Africa do not block at every step Italian expansion.” Here, It was said, he was referring particularly to France. Internally, Mussolini said. Im mediate objectives are completion of swamp reclamation by 1940, new aque ducts and highways, plans to recreate Italian municipalities, complete re building of 500,000 rural houses and repairs to 930,000 rural houses, a work of 30 y«ars. "Every rural person will have a clean and healthy house,” he asserted. “Only in this way can the rush to the city be combated.” In the midst of a pandemonium ol applause Mussolini said Fascism “be came universal In 1929.” “But'In this phenomenon,” he con tinued, “it is necessary to distinguish positive from negative Fascism. Posi tive Fascism knows how to destroy the old and rebuild the new, whereas negative Fascism knows only how to destroy.” C ECRETAHY MDjUGENTHAU re- ^ ported to President Roosevelt that income tax receipts for the first quar ter of the year were well above estl-. mates and far more than a year ago. 7 Payments to the close of business March 15, the day when all returns were due, were 9147,794,000, In an nouncing this figure on the basis of telegraphic reports from collectors, the treasury said corresponding collections Ust year we?e 999,$47,000. In 1933, however the date for filing returns was extended' from March 15 to March 31, after the bank holiday. Treasury estimates of Income tax payments for March are *250,000,000 compared with 9174,000,000 last ch. as Mar CAMUEL INSULL, fugitive utilities ^ magnate, Is, at this writing, some where on the high seas aboard his chartered freighter Malotls, bound for an unknown asylum. The Malotls Is the boat on which Instill made his se cret escape from ’ Greece, and which was ordered to return by the authori ties when his absence from his hotel In Athens was discovered. Later he was given permission to depart. Reports are vague as to hls destina tion. Some say he is bound for Abys sinia and that he would find refuge there from the Indictments returned against him In Chicago. An Athens lawyer who has repre sented Insull denied that Abyssinia was the goal, but . he would not sug gest any alternative. Hls reticence was attributed to fears that a kidnap plot was being laid to snatch Insull from his slow-moving ship on the high seas. On the other hand, friends of the fugitive In his seventeen-month fight against extradition to the United States said that the Malotls mlghtjre- maln at sea until April 20 “or perhaps longer." Act are checked “we may expect to witness a vast swelling of Industrial unrest with the coming of spring.” Secretary of Labor Perkins Joined with WagnerLaiMLother witnesses be fore the board In urging the passage of Wagner’s bill which would create a permanent labor board and outlaw employer influence over the organiza tion of employees. Representatives of the American Federation of Labor demand' that employers be forced to recognize the unions and predict gen eral strikes especially In the automo bile Industry unless prompt action is taken to satisfy the men. 1 T HE Bankhtad corqjpulsory cotjton control bill, designed to statlilize cotton prices, passed the hoime Mon day. This measure wouldyTunlt pro duction in the coming comm year to 10.900,000 bales and levy'll tax of 50 per cent of the market /Value on staple j Lewis of Illinois, Democratic whip of ^produced In excess, to producers. D ESPITE the fact that President -Roosevelt phoned personally to a number of senators of both parties seeking to persuade them to vote fpit raTTfieatron of the St. Lawrence waterway treaty, the pact was defeated ln^ the sen ate by a/vote; of 46 to 42. Tpius the affirma tive/vote was far be- the required two thirds of those voting. Party lines were dis regarded. Twenty- two Democrats voted against ratification, Senator Lewis along with 20 Repub- llcans. In favor of the pact were 31" /Democrats, 14 Republicans and 1 Partner-La borite. • Mr. Roosevelt, It was said In Wash ington, was decidedly vexed by this defeat of a major administration measure, and he began preparations to resubmit the treaty at a future session of congress. . Senator James Hamilton >f quotas allocated A FTKR h£ing grounded for eight ** days/following a series of crashes that killed ten men in twenty-two days. United States army pHotr tookr to die air again With the mall on Mon- fay. Precautions to put planes and men Into safest possible condition have been taken by army officials. Blind and night flying equipment has been instated in planes. Two-way radio facilities have been put Into planes on transcontinental routes, and soon will be in airplanes In mall service. Under the new setup the array will cover about 40 per cent -of the route mileage formerly flown by the Com mercial lines, according to MaJ. Gen. Benjamlp D. Foulois, chief of the air corps. A DEMAND by CoL Edward V.e ** Rickenbacker, famous war ace, that President Roosevelt “purge his offi cial family of traitorous members” who advised him to cancel air mall contracts, threw the senate post office committee into an uproar Saturday. Chairman McKeller charged Rick enbacker with making a “political speech” and,accused him of “iHacking the President” Rickenbacker replied: "I am not attacking the President It la my confidence In him that I do not want destroyed” PRESIDENT * velt celebrated APfo MRS. ROOSE- the twenty-ninth anniversary of their wedding with a quiet family'“dinner In the White Houae. It was strictly a family af fair, just as the. event 29 years ago was strictly a family affair. A few Intimate friends were invited over for dinner. Mrs. James Roosevelt, eighty- two-year-old mother of the President came down from her home In New York. Other Immediate members of the family were also present The White House was flooded with messages from all over the country, with flowers from dona friends. the senate and one Of the leading op ponent's of the rejected treaty, pre dicted that Canada would soon offer the United States a substitute treaty. This may be true, but dispatches re veal that In Montreal, at least, the de- because business men there think the project bo expensive to be undertak en at this time. The President’s warn ing that Canada would, on Its own Initative, build an all-Canadian water way seems to be met by this news from Montreal. Chicago and the Mississippi valley are blamed by Mr. Roosevelt for the rejection of the treaty, and there is no doubt that their arguments against the proposed restriction of diversion of water from Lake Michigan to 1,500 cubic feet a second were potent This amount, according to Senator Lewis and other Middle West senators, would be wholly Inadequate to.maintain nav igation on the Mississippi waterway. The Atlantic seaboard senators, too, were almost solidly against the treaty. If Hie treaty Is resubmitted, the clauses concerning the sovereignty of Lake Michigan and the Chicago di version may be omitted; bnt Senator Lewis said: “So far as I am concerned —and I believe I speak also for sev eral others—I shall not be satisfied with a mere omission, bnt shall de mand that Internationalisation of Lake Michigan and be limitation of tha unitary district diversion shall bs specifically renounced by Canada.” • by Waatarn Nawapapar Utica. THIS WEEK Wireless Power? When When Earthquakes Come * So, Britain Builds Air Mail Teaches Us Every day brings new, amazing things, and a million years Horn bow there will be as many, perhaps more, marvels, some of them coming from neighboring planets, with which we shall have learned to talk. Boise City, Okla., Informs you that events that feranaplred when President Roosevelt took office New Deal a year ago, it Is "Digging he 9 striking to note the similarity of action tOr car 42 miles from Boise City to Clayton, N. M.. with power sent Into space by a short-wave radio broadcast The Santa Fe railroad expects to make the experiment within ten days. be the greatest of all inventions In sonnection with transportation—wire less transmission of power. When flying machines, on their way aertwr thr continent, fBfi~pigriip:~Ty wireless, power from Niagara and other stations ss they pass, carrying no fuel with them, or pick up power from .power stations established tn mid-ocean, the flying problem will be solved. —This old earth, that ceased being Incandescent, then red hot, then bub bling in spots, only a few hundred million years ago. Is still settling and shifting a little, like the crust of a pie fresh from the oven. There are terior volcanic disturbancer sometimes caused by Inrush of salt water into deep, red-hot crevices. Therefore, men read on the front page, “Earthquake Rocks Utah Cities, Disturbance Extending to Idaho, National Topics Interpreted by William Bruckart ^Washington.—As 1 look back on then and In the two weeks subsequent to the opening of his second year In office. The “New Deal” opened Its second year In the midst of a series of events that were comparable, . In my opinion, with those of the historic Inaugural week of 1932. And as tb* “New Deal” was all-embracing as re gards our economic and social struc ture, just so were the events which I sm reporting ^pdw definitely linked With the very fundamentals-of our •la- dividual and national existence. we oecame accustomed,/during the dark days ef the World war, to read- Ing about this army or that -‘^digging In" to hold the ground gained. It appears to me that the outstanding fact with relation to the opening of the New Deal’s second year is the digging In process represented by the latest developments. Let us examine them. First, there was President Roose velt’s -momentous speech In which he calmly told the country that the prln- contracting and Mpandlng, dpi., of—NRA—were -here- to-nayt slips and slides, and In the earth’s In- I „ „ second, there was a decision by the Supreme court of the United States beyond which none can go for legal adjudication, by .which the New York/ milk licensing law was held constitd- ttynal, and a few days later the ^on- Wyoming. Neman and callfomuu- ^ „ w e_. w .w, navy bill which can be construed no slight shaking anywhere on earth s i .. 2# slight' shaking anywhere surface is terrifying. But it Is only 1 part of the normal adjustments of s planet still In its infancy, having, KtF cording to science, at- least-S: million more years to go. The British conclude, sadly, that war must come, and, wisely, decide to t>e ready. Intomstfted warship buttl ing begins, with 17 major warships. Including three powerful submarines. In. the program. Britishers bate submarines, because Britain has so many ships afloat, and submarines sink floating shins, but if -Sive "others haV* liiein Britain must them. It will interest our financial wizards, printing billions In bonds, paying as many billions fn Interest, to learn that Britons feel able to build because their budget shows a surplus of more than 9125,000,000 this ye^r. No sur plus In our blessed country,- thanks to sending to friends In Europe billion* that will not return; • other way than a reflectloq/6tsolid na tionalistic feeling. Mr. Roosevelt’s speech, of course, stood out, but had the Supreme court- ruled that the state of New York had no right to fix a minimum price for milk, there tan be no doubt that the basis of much of the New Deal would iKVth to crumble. Hai the congress turned away from the big navy Idea— that Is, ordering construction of our navy to the limits of treaty agreement allstlc policy seriously, although the New Deal schemes generally have not touched on the question of defense. Rejection of the big navy plan neces- sarily would have had the effect of raising some doubt as to the Presi dent’s control, and one hears about Washington the suggestion that Mr. Roosevelt will have plenty of trouble Next in Interest to British warship building comes the birth of a child In London with a “tail" two inches long. This .-Should have happened while William Jennings Bryan and Clarence {hls statemenfs as was TTr If congress gets too Independent, • * • As a part and parcel of the Presi dent’s enunciation In the speech. Gen eral Johnson, of "We Are Not NRA, called upon Going flock” industry t0 reduc e hours and raise further. The militant “crack Johnson was not as suave la Roosevelt wages down” 'row were arguing evolution In Ten nessee. Infants with tails are born occasionally, confirming Darwin’s be lief that the small in-curved os coccyx "at the lower end of every human back bone was once a full-fledged talL There is nothing is this to worry the proud soul rebelling against “de scent from monkeys.” Darwin never said we descended from monkeys, only that we came up Id a parallel line of development, diverging and passing the monkey on our* way up. Evolution teaches and proves that every human being goes through many different lower animal forms in the months pre vious to birth. You may see that for yourself in museums. If that suits the plans, of Providence even now.lLtnlght also have suited those plans to have animal life, as a whole, come up through the same process. The President, shocked by deaths among army mail pilots, has ordered all air mall service discontinued, pend Ing reorganization on a commercial basis. The loss In the experiment of suddeely trying to make airmail fly era qf army flyers, while deeply re grettable. wifi not have been entlrel> wasted. The country has learned and the government doubtless ha: learned, that Improvements are callei for in the arrangement of our aii forces for national defense. Flyers of the army and navy havf proved their skill In many ways, and their courage In every possible way But recent experience proves thai there are some things they do not know about flying that they would need to know in case of war. It is Inconceivable that even a conn try as slow as this, when it comes U making important changes, will fall to realize, after recent experiments and unpleasant deaths, that war .flying, the air defence of the nation, should be under the President, In a separate do partment with a separate bead. United States population last year Increased about 797,000, making the total approximately 126,144,000. This Increase should not woffy you, for It Is the lowest, with two exceptions, in the past sixty years. Also, any one of the several states In this Union could feed all the people In the United States. Giant Texas, Intensively col- tivated, could feed all humaa beings now on earth, about 1,800,000,009 of thei KU| Feature Syndtagfe wwu UrvlM and words of protest boiled right out of the meeting where he spoke. But whether the Industries represented In the conference with General Johnson are willing or able to do as he de- clared was necessary, every one In Washington is convinced that Mr. Roosevelt* meant exactly what he said when he solemnly declared: . “One thing Is very certain. We are not going back.” .. / The President was equally un equivocal la hls assertion that the principles of recovery, embodied In NRA, must move.forward. Industry can well take notice of that, if Wash ington opinion may be taken as a cri terion. The President holds that the NRA prlncrpTes provIde for a balanced recovery and that wlthoi there can be no permanent good^times. So It Is the proposition that Mr. Roose velt has determined to go on, that a majority of the highest/ :ourt In the land has found one of hls basic Ideas, although embodied In a state statute; to be In accordance with the Consti tution, and he haS a congress that U tfius far under hls control for enact ment Of the bulk of hls New Deal leg islation. The effect? As far as 1 know, there Is no person of super-intelligence now living, and that would be the only human being capable of , foretelling what the results wil be. The changes made under the New Deal are brand new, different than anything /econ omists have ever seen, and time alone will reveal which of them holds the things that fit our country’s normal life. /. Politically, it Is quite apparent what the effect will bey Every mother’s son In the Democratic party In congress Is going baclf to hls bailiwick to seek re-electlou under the Roosevelt ban ner, a* distinguished from the old Democratic flag. Espousing Roose- program will t>4 popular in the of the districts and the Repub lican opposition will just as obviously have to be predicated on issues built up against what the present adminis tration has done, Is doing or proposes to flo. » • • The “big navy” bill Is a five-year proposition. It contemplates that the American navy will Navy” be expanded by the Program ^ n8t : uc ^ n of , 8 5* fldent ships of ths various types to place the totals Just Inside ..the limitation. of the Lofldon and Washington treaties by . which tonnage was limited. 8o, according to naval authorities, our government win toon set out on construction of about, 100 new destroyers and submarines, something like 1.000 girplanes and ono aircraft carrier, the airplane’s mother ship. We ha^o^ nearly all of the heavier guqhOau now that are per mitted qeder the arms limitation ot the treaties mentioned. But the navy strength respecting destroyers and sub marines is far below the total that is allowed. /^' Before the senate passed the bill, duces profiteering on censtruction jobs, to some extent. I have a hunch that the big shipbuilding corporations will find a way to get around part of the provision, but obviously they will not be able to gain the profits out of the construction work .that nigh; otherwise obtain. Succinctly, the vision reqnlro* that nn rnntractor can gain more than 10 per cent profit for his risk and investment, bur enforce ment of such a rule is notAs simple as It sounds. It will be/recalled that there were “cost-plcontracts used during the World war construction, and It also is a matter of general knowledge that the government paid dearly as a result. The contractors were willing to pay any kind of wages and hire any number of workers they could get, because when the costs were, totaled, they simply added their 10 per cent, and collected. ' From some of the letters I have re ceived from readers, I gather that they felt I was a bit jingoistic a few.weeks ago when I predicted that there Is— war brewing and that It is likely to ,engulf some parts of the world before the end of this year. I was reporting at that time just-what authorities to and signs they could read. * While our own congress was au thorizing construction of a treaty-size navy, consider the developments that same week abroad. They Include: the French chamber of deputies naval com mittee approved a project-for construc tion of s 26,000-ton man-of-war, to be a that Is now being built It also ordered construction of two new submarines The "Brttlrtr nRt miraltyjpresented 1934 estimates for four rn^re cruisers and twenty other ships, atui an Increase In naval person nel of 2,000 men. These addltipeg- will cost roughly $282,000,000. In addition to these moves by the British and. the French, the Italians took quick cognizance of the action it their rivals, the French. While It was not officially communicated to Washing ton, my understanding is that the ItaW Ians are making plans to build a 25,- • 000-ton battleship. This, of course, would offset the new Dunkerque that the Paris government will commission soon. ’ / . Over lb Japan, war plans go on apace. And Japan is making facet at Russia. For example, the Japanese war ministry sent a note to Russia the other day, telling the Soviets, In effect, „ to stay on their own side of the Inter national border. It seems the Soviet planes had been doing a little flying* over Manchukuo, the new state set up by Japan out of territory taken from China, and the Japanese apparently didn’t want the Russians phiflng In their hack yard, • • • Now, concerning General Johnson’s .demands on industry, it certainly can I he said that big * John»on*B theme song, as they Warning say of ^ waa burdened threat- -He did come down high horse long enough to say “we can not succeed without public support" That was quite a condescension by the general. Yet, he had previously said to the folks, who are^the personnel of the code supervlslphi that .they were going to cdmpel/Tndustry to cut the hours of labor/and increase wages at the same tipfe. “Of course,” said General Johnson, “we can’tsueceedwlthoutpublic support of wbht we are trying to do, and 1 want to ware non-compliers that we are e6t only going to revive public senti ment for the Blue Eagle Insignia, but under specific orders from President Roosevelt we are reorganizing to en force the penal sections of the re covery act” * The administrator went on to say that he had been "too gentle.” He feels, apparently, that he has not cracked down sufficiently hard. So, he Is going to see that more employ ment Is made by compelling industry to take on more workers, and the whole Import of hls attitude appears to this observer as being one that win enforce that employment whether the particular Industry needq the added workers, or whether It can pay them )f it hires them, or whether It will bankrupt the firm If ft obeys From this position, It appears te many with whom I have talked that General Johnson has put Industry right tween the devil and the deep blue sea, and there Is little choice left The general obviously was moved to go the distance he did by the definite character of Mr. Roosevelt's assertions which were that “we are not going back,”/find the recovery principles are here to stay, AH of which la very strong language. It Is different language than the Americas nation e*fr has heard from Washing ton. • ky jWMtani N«wap«p«r Union.