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PAGE mo. -TT x- THE BARNWELL PEOPLE-SENTINEL, BARNWELL, SOUTH CAROLINA THURSDAY, MAY • 10TH, 1928. ■ >1%Mm ' * *■ ' ' 'v> %m w i5 Week Drifting'Icebergs Mark Out the Labrador Coast. .4- , 1 (Preparp^ *)v Itie National tJenjfraphle Six lotv \Vv'fi|iinKt ji*. I >. C.) A l/I I K H'< III it umy l>(‘ tni(* tlmf tlii‘ |)rincii»il ship limes of tin* ocetm nro nlmost ns (lotinitotj^ tnivpleil jiimI iiinrkpd ns n L'lti- v‘<»ln hlgliwny or n l.onu IHnml hottU*- vnrd, our kuowlodp* of the hounding 1 iL'nin Is only frn>:nientury. To he^in with, the siren of the sen Is about three times us Inr^v ns that , of the lurid. Although as Ion*; si^o :ts lfHi| the governments of the civilized world hud ^ot together some ‘Jo.OOO.OlHi t observations of every kind and sort i from the logs of merchantmen, wsir ships, and government vessels, and al j though the, results of a single expedi tlon have filled over r>0 massive-quarto volumes, what we know about the sen j Is but the primer of the things ft hrrs to reveal. The most Impressive thing about the Fen is its shallowness as compared with the size of the earth, and its depth a.® compared with the height of the land. If you were to take a globe six feet In diameter and excavate the deejK'st trench of the ocean thereon, it would be a bare pin scratch deep— about one-twentieth of an Inch. And .vet so profound are the depths of the sea that the hulk of the water In it Is 15 times as great as the hulk of the land that rises above its waves. In Its deepest trench the tallest moun tain on the face of the globe could he buried and ships could still pass over the spot with a half mile of wafer under them. The average depth of the ocean is more than two miles—about UMNO feet, the oceanographers estimate. On the other hand, the average height of the land Is less than half a mile— about LVJ50 feet. How much further beneath the waves the sea bottom lies than the land crest above then] is^ KhovFi hy TTie TitFf'tTuif“wTiile only 1 j»er cent of the land rises to an alti tude of 12.000 feet, 4H per <*ent of the ocean’s lloor lies' under more than 12,- 000 feet of water. The relative height of the land sur face and the sea bottom is about in keeping with their relative areas, there being-71 acres occupied by the sea for every 29 held by the land. If it were possible to drain off the upper 10,000 feet of the waters of the ..sea and to lay bare the floor that lies un der it, the territory thus recovered, added to the land-now above the sea, would give only a fifty-tifty division between land and water. Broad Continental Shelf. The oceans as we know* them are larger than the true ocean basis. A® a monument is always planted on a base, so the continents have broad under sea bases upon which to rest. To the oceanographers there is a line known as the 100 fathom line, which largely parallels the shore line, hut which is sometimes a? much as several hundred miles old to sea. When that line Is reached the bottom suddenly begins to slope down toward the abysmal depths. The floor lying landward from this line is known as the continental shelf, and It Is upon this broad shelf, with , an aggregate area three times a.® large as that of the United States, Unit the continents are planted. Hy. overflow ing this vast area of slightly sub merged territory, the oceans gather unto themselves KMHMi.OOO square miles of territory that in elevation be longs more to the land than to the '*ea. v A® n matter of fact, the continental shelf lies in part .under water and in part above, the part above being the alluvinL plains of tire—eontinentyr Where these plains are broad the shelf usually Is broad, and where they are narrow the shelf is usually nar row. For instance, the plain on our Atlantic coast Is broad, and there is a corresponding breadth to the con tinental shelf. On the Pacific coast the alluvial plain I® very narrow, and the 100-fathom line is correspondingly close to shore. From a practical standpoint, the part of the sea of most immediate in terest to man is that which rests up«m the continental shelf. Here are situ ated all the seaboard cities. Wher ever the ocean lanes may meander up and down the briny deep, they begin on the continental shelf and end there. But for that shelf there would lie no bays or gulfs, no Imrlxu-p and no havens, for the boundaries of the true ocean basins are infinitely more regular and less indented than the shorelines. Ocean-bound commerce would be vastly Inconvenienced if it bad to dispense with all the ad vantages that the continental shelf brings to it. 8«a Food an Important Question. A matter that seems destined to occupy a larger place In oceanographic jrecearch Is the question of sea food. The World war demonstrated how ty Arthur BrUb&ne PROUD OF HER BOY. ASK P. M. WOOLEY. SUPERSTITION AND FEAR. THE BLOOMING SOUTH. close Is the margin between food pro duction and food consumption, and how much more pressiiig the food question Is destined to grow In the years of peace and racial expansion thftt lie ahead. The oceans literally teem with food. The man who declared that humanity is a race of herring-catcher? might have overstated the case, but that the sea abounds in food Ashes and fishes fit for food Is well known. As soon as we begin to study the subject of ocean fisheries,Jiowever, we come up short against the fact that what we really know about the inhabitant? of the sea Is startlingly limited. Another phase of oceanography that will demand and receive close atten tion In the years to come-Is the ocean currents. '•The* effect of these great rivers of the jsen upon the welfare of the human race Is past imagination, It is said that the CJulf stream carries enough bent toward Europe every ^4 hours to melt a mass of iron os large ns Mount Washington. Bear Admiral I'illsbury, describing this remarkable river of the sea, says that every hour there passes through the straits of Florida the enormous total of !H),(X)0,000,000 tons of water, carrying enough salt tov load many times over every ship that Mills the main. Through these straits the stream is 40-»miles, wide. It carries more water than all the stream? of the world bring down from the land to the sen. In each of the four quarters of the globe there is n wonderful circulatory system—tin* heavy, Cold waters-of the polar seas rushing equatorwnrdV and the light warm waters of tropic oceans sweeping hack, giving a huge swirl not unlike the motion of water driven an»und tlie.bottom of a--bustti— by tin* band. Puzzle of the Ocean Currents. Vessels and debris caught In. these currents often play uncanny tricks. In 1905 the Stank*y Dollar, an American freighter, went upon the rocks at the entrance to Yokohama bay. Her life- preservers were; washed out ns she lay upon the beach upon which she was run to prevent her sinkiiicZZ In 1911 two of her life-preservei’s were picked up on the shores of the Shetland i si j 11 ids... noil li _ of iscotland. How they reached there is one of the puzzling questions that so often arise anent the sea. Did they sweep up the Asiatic coast, through Behring strait, and then through the Northwest Pas sage and Baffin bay, and thence by Iceland to the Shetland islands? Or did they, after floating through the Northwest Passage, get into the. Polar current and sweep down the Atlantic to the point where that ocean river dives under the (Julf stream, to he picked up there by the latter cur rent and carried to the Shetland is lands? It lias often been urged that the American Indian came to the shores of the New world an unwilling voy ager on the bosom of the Japan cur rent, i.’erUiiii-it .is that all of these- va®t rivers of the ocean have played "an incalculably important role in the affairs of the human race, and that a more exhaustive study of them than lias been made holds many revelations in store. ^ One of the questions that Is often asked is whether a ship, sinking in deep water, goes to the bottom, or whether sin* finds her level in some vertical depth zone and drifts on for ever. This question sprang into great promlnenee when the /.ftt^i : i^^c^ wejy[i TTmTn, nnd was nsketFTrerrttmu+y^ dur ing the World war. The answer is. she goes directly to the bottom, else how could a dredge or a trawl 1 be sent down five miles. One of the strange things that hap pen when ships sink is tlj^it implosions occur. 'Oiese are inward burstings, often wini a force as tremendous as the outward bursting caused by ex plosions of gunpowder. As the ship sinks into deep water, air chambers that do not fill up are burst inward with a force proportionate to their resistance. If theyg .be corked bottles in th<* stores that are not entirely full, tlie corks are driven li^or the bottles burst. * ; With what force these Implosions occur may be gathered from an expe Hence of a scientific expedition. A thermometer was let down into very deep water, wrapped in protecting cloth. When the line was drawn up the cioth contained/no thermometer. Instead It contained q lot of Im palpable white stuff resembling snow. The implosion had not shivered the thermometer into the proverbial thou sand pieces; it had simply trans formed it into du?t. Wood sent to the bottom of the deep pluces of the ocean Bus its very cells invaded und crushed and loses Its buoyanej. ^ The mother of Captain Wilkins, who flew over the North Pole re cently, is/*"glaii my boy George has done what he set out to^do. We mothers don’t say much,-but we feel a lot.’’ M rs. Wilkins thinks her son “made more of what he learned in a little country school than many men have been able to make of a college education.” . HtL.built char acter in that little school. The public school is the Ameri can school of opportunity.— Have you horses or cows? Ask P. M. Woolley, builder and head of the American Radiator Company* about his development of a vacuum cleaner for horses and cattle. This writer, after tests, finds that the vacuum process cleans horses and cows to perfection, better, more quickly and economically than could be done by hand. All dust, including the hair, is carried into a receptacle by air cur rent. Horse barns and cow stables can be kept in perfect order, pro duction of clean milk made easier, by the new method. And grooms no longer are obliged to breathe in dust as they clean the animals. Those who can afford the machine should use it, and in dairies of any size its use should be compulsory— it takes disease-breeding flies with it. Following the violent earthquake shocks in southeastern Bulgaria, many peasants went insane. Such insanity is caused by a combination of ignorance and superstition. An earthquake in this country, or a big fire, like that in Chicago, brings on a frenzy of rebuilding, and a boom in real estate. We do not know much; and are not free from superstition. But we know enough not to go crazy when the earth slips and shakes a little. — With*few exceptions, like the Tibson earthquake, superstitious fear has always been the worst part of a quake. Superstition has be lieved that the Ford was shaking the earth in anger. We know’ that old earth is only settling into her final shape, meaning harm to no- bodv. The South is energetic and grow ing. Governor Smith of New York * chose well selecting •Nbrth Caro lina for his golf holiday. He is studying one of the most amazing ly progressive States of the union., These five men, northbound fronl Miami,, got off tlir train ^t Ashe ville, N. C., the other day to pay their respects to the Governor! Judge Olvaney; Surrogate James F. holey, Bernard F. Gimbcl, George Le Boutillier, vice-president of. the Pennsylvania Railroad, in charge of its subsidiary, the Long Island Railroad and Arthur Foran, all of New York. They all agree that North Caro lina typifies the South and Ameri can progress generally. “The whole .State," said B. F. Gimbel, “seems' as closely built up as the area between New York and Philadelphia.” The Cannon Towel Mill, biggest on earth, employs 5,000 men and women. The well known B.V.D, gentlemen and the great Chicago firm of Marshall Field have enor mous manufacturing plants in North Carolina. Other manufactur ing institutions spring up daily. The State has water poweff prac-e tically unlimited, at low cost, an energetic working population and extremely good living conditions. Don’t overlook North Carolina in your plans. Flood waters of the White River have overswept levees, sweeping In Mississippi the Tbmbigbee and Luxapalilla rivers are nearing the dartger stage. More rain before Wednesday would mean serious danger, s ALL EXPENSE TOURS TO THE L I Acadian Country “THE LAND OF EVANGELINE” The Maritime Provi- 1 ** dences of Canada July 1 to July 13. \ — • • July 15 July 27. July 29 to Aug. 10. Aub. 12 to Aug. 24. Aug. 26 to Sept. 7. UNDER DIRECTION OF i. V. WOOD, Inc. ® . T For attractively illustrated itinerary and full information write or consult W. E. McGee, D. F. A., Southern Railway System, Columbia, S. C. More Millions Required. To Serve You Better -THE continued growth Pf the South- ~ * eastern States will require an expen diture of more than $27,173,000 thb year for additions, extensions and r©» placementsfto the Bell Telephone Sys tem in this section. « This big construction program fol lows a gross expenditure of more than $25,275,000 tor similar purposes last, year. A substantial share of this invest ment will be made in South Carolina and it is now estimated that more than 1,810 new telephones will-he added in this state during 1928. - These large additions and replace ments are a part ^ot. our policy of building in advance to keep pace with the anticipated growth and progress of the state.'* This expansion makes the service more valuable to every cqjpamunity add provides the'entire Southeast with an unequalled modern system ot qyick communication. ftoUTHhRN BELL-TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH COMPANY (incorporated) Protect Your Perhaps the Government will de cide that $750,000,000 invested in flood control would be cheaper than another flood. Mr. W. S. Gifford, president of the American Telegraph & Tele phone Company, will spend two thousand million dollars on new construction in the next five years. Uncle Sam is rich enough to spend one-third that am mint to save crops and lives of his nephews in the Mississippi Valley. Card, of Thanks. We Avant to thar»k our many rela tives and friends for their kindness shown to us during the illness and deat^h of our dear father, Hazen Black, and for the beautiful floral de signs. , Children. Misses BeBee and ^Mary Patterson spent the week-end ir. Denmark w ith Co. and Mrs. Hairy D. Calhoun. Model T Ford O THE Ford Motor Company is making a new car, but it is still proud of the Model T. It wants every owner of one of these cars to run it as long as possible at a minimum of expense. Because of this policy and because of the investment * i . that millions of motorists have in Model T cars, the Ford Motor Company will continue to make parts until, as Henry Ford himself says, "the last Model T is off the road.” More than eight million Model T Fords are still in active service, and many of them can be driven for two, three and five years and even longer. So that you may get the greatest use over the longest period of time at the lowest cost, we suggest that you take your Model T .Ford to the nearesfcFord dealer and have him give you an estimate on the cost of any replacement parts that may be necessary. _ ,JYou. wiU^find this the economical thing to do because’TT small expenditure may enable you to maintain or increase the value of the car and give you thousands of miles of additional service. No matter where you live you can get these Ford parts at the same low prices as formerly and know they are made in the same way and of the same materials as those from which your car was originally assembled. 4 4’ Labor cost is reasonable and a standard rate is charged for each operation so that you may know in advance exactly how much the complete job will cost. Ford Motor Company Detroit, Michigan v • » # // /