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-N PLAIN Dean Shaifer Mathews of Cihicc shows how the Kaiser and his n pounced on democratic world like Besides being an author, editor, caergymati, &L. n Mathows is a member of the National Security league nised to spread throughout the United States inform of our war with Germany. The committee was formed alent belief that many Americans were unfamiliar wit grievances and the reasons why war could not bc Mathews is known as a student of international politi Dr. S. L. Gulick went to Japan as representatives of t United States. 4 (From New York Times Maga AMERICA needs to be told why ignorance is to its credit. A nation live like a gentleman among natk found it difficult to believe that al moved by respect for the customs at codify gentlemanly relations between We have at times overpraised ou Poses, and in consequence for the L . Jhave listened with a rather amused cessive proclamations of the kaiser f of Germany by subsidized mnouthpi broke out in 1914 for two years we Germany and its agents as we expe' to treat ourselves. Our attitude might have charam Samaritan if he had comue upon th up the traveler, and schooled himse the whole affair was exaggerated. We simply cou German attitude of mind. Accustomed as many o inte'rpret the finer ideal life of Germany, we could no like Eueken, Iarnack, 1-Ierrmann, and )iessmaann without reserve lend themselves to the defense of ti worthy of their words as we had understood them. Against our will we have been disillusioned. % into war, we have had war thrust upon us. A chair over which we have had no control has brought home to the Americans, anxious to maintain their faith in Germany, the conviction that America's sovereignty was being outraged, its people killed, its inner peace deliberately attacked, anti its insti tutions, founded in sacrifice and offered to the world, not only despised but in danger of destruc tion. Germany has forced America, as it has forced almost the entire world, to defend itself by arms. Nobody but those suffering from myopic idealism sympathies can see anything else. Some of us have suffered when the scales have fallen-cut away by facts. At last we see clearly. Ve have not been drawn into the war by capitalism, or by commercialism, or by national policy. For months we have been living in a state of war, deliberately planned by a nation whose leaders for ten years have been preparing some day to fight America and who have counted our good nature as cow ardice, our unpreparedness as a lack of national self-respect. Here are the facts: s We are fighting this war, in the first place, be cause Germany made -war upon us. For years she has sought to build up in Amer icea a community more loyal to herself than to the United States. Money has been lavishly spent in Germanistic societies, alliances, and associations to win the admiration and loyalty of American dtizens. Our universities have been flattered, our professors have been honored for this rea son. Praise of the kaiser has been inserted even in the spelling books of our public school system. Spies have been everywhere. When the war came in 1914 German oflicials, many of them in high diplomatic positions, treat ed the United States, a neutral nation, as if it were an enemy. Pro-German publications were founded and subsidized, strikes were organized, mnanufacturing plants were blown up, plots against nations with wvhom we had treaty rela tions were formed within our borders, b~ombs were placed on ships in our ports. Hatred of America was systemstically disseminated through Germany and efforts were made to involve us in trouble with Japan and Mexico. In reply to our repeated protests against these and ether acts of Germany, to be mentioned pres ently, we have received promises and explann tions whleh were little less than insults. The treaty that had existed almost the entire life of the American republic was set at naught and Sefforts wet-e made to coerce us into favorable modifications of its terms. The right oftade with belligerents, which Ger mnyn had always claimed, even to the benefit of .our enemy in 'the war with Spain, and wvhlch at Germany's own insiatence is universally recog aised in international law, wvas treatedl as the violation of our neutrality and allance with her enemies. And, finally, the proclamation of unre Sstricted destruction of neutral ships upon the high seas was a notificatior) to the United States that it was no longer a sovereign people, but that if it would sail the seas in safety it must conform to conditions set by a power that dlefiedl International la1w, humanity, and elemental imor ality. In the second p~lace we are defending ourselves * ~ against Germany because .the Germani state has entered upon a program which means the destr-uc tion of democratie institutions. The Prussianization of Germany means that the policy of Prussia to carry on economic and po litical expansion by war is to bn extended throughout the entire world. We recognize that there were once, and we -dare believe even now that there are, two Ger manys, one liberal and the other an autocratcy based on militarism. The struggle between these two forces since 1815 has been a steady subjuga tlon of liberalism in Prussia and the or~her Ger * man states to the will of a Prussian feudal no bility. Representative and responsible govern inent in any true sense of the word has been fought by Prussian leaders relentlessly, Edtuca tion has been made at creature of autocracy and a source of international hatred. * ~ The same fate has met every land Prussianismm has touched. Austria was beaten into submission in 1800, and all the othier German states- were made practically subject to the will of the Hohen mollerns between that date and 1870. France was s'obbed and humiliated. Tme Balkan states were kept in perennial war in the interests of German expansion. Bohemia and Poland have been treat ed with the same disregard of populair rights as has been Aisace-Lorraino. Turkey betTcamei ai vas eat of the kaiser. A great milItaristic, anti datmocratic state like southern Germany, sub isrvient to Prussia, has been staeted and all but T GCRMA WOQOS rgo University. ilitarist gang ' a wolf pack 8 comnliitee orgi tion on the causes because of a preV 1 the extent of our avoided. Doctor s. In 1915 he and he churches of the Ine.) ~ it is at war, its that has tried to as has naturally / l nations are not id the laws which nations. - 'i '", r virtues and par lst generation we tolerance to suc and the laudationti j''1 *I?tI ' eces. After war struggled to treat ted other nations tersed the Good e rohbers holding if to elileve that d not realize the f us had been to t believe that no could freely and an at which was un e have not gone of circulstances Is built from the Baltic to the iersiai gulf. Great Britain was maligned and threatened with destruction. South Ameri-a Was in part colon ized by Germans, and the Monroe loctrine Was repeatedly threatened. The highest authorities in .Japan have repeat edly said that German intrigues were endeavor ing to bring about misunderstanding, if not war, between Japan and the United States. As far back as 1903 representative Germans frankly said that Germany would have to fight America because it was Germany's commercial rival. In Samoa and the Philippines German -in terference twice at least brought us to the verge of war. Had it not been for Great Britnin. which has always recognized American Policy in the Vestern IIemisphere and submitted disputes to arbitration, German arrogance and ambition would have years ago brought on the crisis. With the commercial expansion of European nations, the United States has no quarrel. If, however, such expansion is based, guarded, and enforced by the threat of war, the United States can see the machinntions of men who are dsir ous of expansion at the expense of the rights of other nitions. Since the outbreak of the European war, the ruthlessness of this German hostility to other nn tions, and particularly to those (lint have regard for international law and really representative government, is apparent. We have seen treaties disregarded whenever they stood in the way of German militaristic plans. We have seen con quered states treated with a brutality worthy of Assyria. We have seen a policy of terrorism ap plied systematically in the ab~use of prisoniers, the massacring and1( deporta tion of civilihm populan tions, the indlescrib~able abuse of women and clil dren, the destruction of noblest wvorks of art, the devastation of abiandtonedi regions, tihe wholesale execution of Poles, Bohlemians, and1( Serbians ; tile incitement of Mohammiedans to a holy3 wvar, and1( the permissIon of an attemlpted1 extermlination or (lie Christian people of Armenia. We have seen hospital ships sunik, unfortilled towvns bombed anld bombarded. We have seen a medal struck in honor of the sinking of (lie Lusi tania. Up to tihe date in which we ilnly recog nized that Germany was waging wari upon)1 uts we had seen 220 American citizens, among them manr women and children, kIlled by German subhma rinles. Altogether, on the first of A pril, 1917, wve DRIED EGGS TO* U. S. FROM CHINA Imports of eggs products this year haive amiounIt ed to about 10,000,000 pounds(1, valuied( on the nyver age at about 15 cents a pound. Thuese pr-oducits are imported chiefly fromi Jaipan andi China and include eggs that have b~een dried, frozeni or~ pow dred. Tfhey are ulsedl in this country princip~ally by bakers in the manufactu-e of varlouis kinds of pastry. The consumption of Asiatic egg pr-oducts inl this country has greatly increased in recent years, and therefore the condItions undeir which they are prepared become of greater interest to thle ipublic. Th'le operationi of a mlodei plant at Shanghai is deC scribed as follows: "The eggs atre received at the door of the fac tory in baskets containing approximately 1,000 ('ggs, and as tihe factory offers better prices for choice eggs it is securing (lie highest class of egg produced within a circle of probably a 100-mile radius. The eggs are brought into the examinling room, whlere tile conteuts of the baskets are gone over and all cracked or otherwise dlamlaged eggs are separated. Trhe eggs are then candled by Chinese, who pass them before the candling lamps alt tile rate of 500 an hour. The handilinig rooms are kept in a temper-atuire not exceedling 56 degrees Fahrenheit, tile range of temperature In the build lng, used both1 for freezinig aind for drying eggs, being from zero to ulpwardl of 100 dlegrees Fahren helt in the freezing and drying rooms, respectively. "From the candling roomis tihe fresh eggs with unbiiroken shells are taken to (lhe breaking room, wyhich In poitit of sanitar-y applIances anid atten tion to details of personal hygiene scarcely is sur passed by (lie operating room of a hospital. In fact, tile general effect of the room, aside from if lowv temperature, is that of a well-ordered hoc pital, but wvith ten white-capped and aproneu nurses where the ordinary hospital would have but' one. The factory now employs 100 girls, each of whom is expected to break and separate from-1,0 (w sbine w Jarfare ~~1 r A iI1. S' Wesa Grman prcpttn this wol wE+ ar, worl to be ij unr ad to defend" l lft agains/. t a racy. We ( haveentred', the. wa pimrly in"\1!Clf .K1efense. To h ae / don an ting }less woub , h ave bee so far crid. out an th tl , odrnnn ~III tin f Euop sol weane thai t. e' n ourI a aaius o sle cls milry1 autoerney lgnEn invtal w: as. w.:ith andfor', emocracy. ot to 1 have ' c -p t dwt h al' wr ldt ha t is en '1 :)!L ' 21 f ' , Ii" Geran th its1 miiaiteatoreistr been a bid fo suce naty, en 110 terb than (;S itonoal sutis stin by suponacrone warfare, ed saw Germany prectifitu r Brig ihs world wnr, irn ich she has use poison aal ire, :)s a tin of her official policy at a voun art yingn in tre have1)sr of her leaers she alwdl Iv ii' rest of the world to lhe unreadly to defend itself augarinst an nttac for which Germany 11141 menr-trepuring for 40 years. The slai catalogue of facts mbakes It plain nvhy America is fighting to defend itril ard he'nc' racy. We have entere the war intri y in self hefense. To have done aytli less Would have been'I to sulrender our sovereigznty andi to havej aited passien luntin the Gerain program had been so far cri out and thle Irbrly tha odern nde Itenden of Europe Cv wearkeaed thae we in our deprtareuness utold hne been forced to fight at rap~acious, conscienceless militiaiy autocracy, nretse entds a wat' are avovedly tadeenaec, ag grandizedent, ad the lv ol of the wor. Our alignment inevitafly was olth nl for dempocracy. An epoch of civilization hangs In ilta balance. Not to have co-operated wite a worl that Is en tiravo-ring to pirotec(t ii self 1)81(1 its future from Germany with its militaistic aitocracy, its ter toriesm, and its disregard of international law, tihat noblest prouct of civilization, would have been a b~id for suicide. bVe do not fight for aggrteanddent or inde nity, or the forcible imposition of our institutions tpo ay coantry wud tight for self-protection. We dlo niot fight to further Biritish ambitions or French schemes of colonization. We are fighting for the Institutions which with varying degrees hdlesrei frshl Atericazed cortir orlhd by thena fiacoy, A afte their unarls Treyanrd Ouyre asuc ed wil proced itosthe, weorkriom. iThenl frakingroo hie anld oclree'sndhil drtoie ejyace astfo eneulra theioeralism tos at thwe orces, ~lalfore nearly Of century laaeea ito s ppneswsor. haialyspane Tnego he cnIenn, uino preserve inv Aeic aond nbgyaa the tllertynw thatge witht hnd cradecks tOur thei bvar afe the futurig acie. Teet b 'rinot thrn fi urhed bypadexterous move mtof theingernwhneh anrmit the egg tio wop ntashav(elrl cup hwhaerest the tsk scagh seeng that whoteralnoe o tir ae la the ie.le rt fthe eopl feature inotprsaor the ear adin fths thou00ggy flayred, beiforced. thirought the fac toryapayingusigner avy'sI tam ptrsrai , ta paThe and workin onlywhix days aoutkita of s e nfaes, whlahsare aled o colu tiaa temperatre slliht-y tuoethe paknagroo, weeit lan pc plaed toin itxs labor, woitht wthedper whlo il eh aaroe~i tenellegg-n Fbr thak eeing os f eggsav Ithe searatrdon any tacralln arecried woud juta aseafor the manesec tue of frairyraksa only aftera train~ier 100 girge thcan are takento the freea ngn hamers.Her Athe tmatuwrers etri clse ozroi rahtreynhet athe ctorand whites an yotlkrris are pouredcua'to serilizeadiacg tont ras tatfil asn the oall ftheg frouainof ihnmhatl iiegrsir ety f ntr HOW AMERICA CAN FEED ITS ALLIES Important Message to People From Herbert C. Hoover, Administrator. WORLD SUPPLIES ESTIMATED increased Production, Elimination of Waste and Careful Control of Food Exports Form tho Solution of This War Problem. Washington, Aug. 20.-Vhat the peo ple of the United States not only can but must do in the matter of food pro duction and use in order to help win the war is set forth in detail in a statement issued today by Food Ad ministrator Herbert C. Hoover. If we fail to do our part in this respect, he says, the people of the allies cannot be maintained at war, for their soldiers cannot light without food. The normal imports of wheat and other cereals by France, Italy, the United Kingdom and Belglum, and the estimates of the 1917 crop in those countries con pared to the normal pro duction are given by Mr. Hoover in tlbulated form, and the conclusion is drawn that in order to provide normal consumption it will be necessary for them to import in the next 12 months 577,000,000 bushels of wheat and 074,000,000 bushels of other cere als. If the crops of the United States and Canada all niature safely, North America will have an apparent nut plus of 208,000,000 bushels of wheat and 950,000,000 bushels of other cere als. The allies, therefore, must tie other cereals than wheat for mixing in their war bread, and the people cf America must reduce their consump tion of wheat flour from live to four pounds per week per person. Decrease in Food Animals. A careful estimate of the world's food animal position shows a total net decrease of 115,005,000, and this will be greater as the war goes on. As the increase of herds and flocks takes years, we must reduce the consunip tion, eliminate waste and carefully con trol meat exports. Our home dairy products supplies are decreasing, while our population is Increasing, and we must ship in creasing amounts of such products to our allies. Consequently this indus try must be stimulated, aid ho'iw users must save the wastes in milk and butter. Much the same may be said in the case of sugar. Mr. Hoover urges a greater con sumption of fish and sea foods, in which our coasts and lakes are enor mously rich. Trhe products of the land he reminds us, are conserved by the eating of those of the sea. Our Duty. In conclusion the food ndmlinistrator says: I have endeavored to show in previ one articles that the world is short of food ; that Europe is confronted with the grim specter of starvation unless from our ablundance and our waste we keep the wolf from the door. Not only must we hantve a proper use of our food supply in order that we may furnish our allies wIth the sinews wvith wvhich they may fight our battles, but it is an act of humanity towardls fellow men, wtomen and children. By the diversion of millions of men'f from production to wvar, by the occu pation of land by armies, b~y thle Iso lation of markets, by belligerent lines, and by the destructIon of shIppIng by submarines, not onily has tile home pro duction of our allies fallen by ever 500,000,000 bushels of grain, hut they are throw'n upon us5 for ai miuch bInrger proportion of their normal imphor'ts for merly obt ained from ot her~ ma11rket s. They have reduced consumption at every point, but menCI in the trenches. men in the shops, and the mllions of women placed at phleailll labor re quire more food than11 during peace times, and the incIdence of thleir saving anid any shortaige which they many suf for, falls first upon womlen and11 chIt dren. If this prliatlon becomues too great, their peoples ennnot h~e mana talied constanlt ini the war, mli we will be left alone to fight thle 11 bttie of democruey withl Germanl~y. The problenm of food consl~ervnlfioni is one of nmany comnp'exlons. WVe e:innmot, and we do not wish, wuith our1 free ini stitutions andl our' large resolnrces (of food, to imitate Europe in Its ipoliced rationing, but we must voluntarily and intelligently assume the re'splonsibility before us5 as one in whleh everyone has a direct and inesenipnihil intere*st. We must Increase our export of foods to the allIes, and in, the cIrcumstances of 0our shipping situation, thiese' exports must he of the most concentrated foods. These are wheat, flour, beef, pork and dairy products. We have oth er foods in great abulndance which we can use instead of these commnodities, and we can prevent wastes iln a thou sand directions. We inust guard the improving One's Good PoInts. The art of posing lies In one's abil ity to acquire it without appearing af fected. To make those with whom one comes in contact weary with un necessary affectation is of course a thing to be dieploredl. If the individual, however, realizes the importance of helping nature's endowments, she will appear perfectly natural in always qtriving to look her very best. Learn toe know your own good points and take the trouble to ctultivate them. You will find that it will pay. drainage or exports tross the Ui "t - States, that we retain a proper supply ', -: for our own country, and we must } adopt such measures as will aanelio rate, so far as may be, the price condi tions of our less fortunate. We might so drain the supplies from the country to Europe as by the high prices that would follow to force our people to shorten their consumption. This oper ation of "normal economic forces" would starve that element of the corn munity to whom we owe the most pro tection. We must try to impose the. burden equally upon all. Action Must Be Voluntary. There is no royal road to food con servation. We can only accomplish this by the voluntary action of our . whole people, each element in propor tion to its means. It is a matter of equality of burden ; a matter of mun ute saving and substitution at every point in the 20,000,000 kitchens, on the 20,000,000 dinner tables and in the 2,000,000 manufacturing, wholesale and retail estabiishments of the country. The task is thus in its essence the daily individual service of all the people. Every group cnn substitute and even the great majority of thrifty people can save a little-and the more luxuri ous elements of the population can by reduction to simple living save much. The final result of substituting other products and saving one poind of wheat flour, two ounces of fats, seven ounces of sugar and seven ounces of meat weekly, by each person, will, when we have multiplied this by ono hundred million, have increased our exports to the amounts absolutely re quired by our allies. This menns no more than that we should eat plenty, but eat wrisely 11(1 without waste. Foo(l conservation has other :;pects of utmost imiportnlie. Wairs miust be paid for by savings. Ve must save in the consuiinption in comtnodities and the consumption of unproductive la bor in order that we may divert our manhood to the army and to the shops. The whole of Europe has been en gnged ever since the war began In the elimination of waste, the sm1111p)1ieation of life, and the increase of its indus trial eapaeity. When the war is over the consumiig power of the world will be reduced by the loss of prosperity an1(d man111 power, and we shall enter a period of com8petition without parallel in feroeity. After Ihe war, we must maintain our foreign markets If our working people are to be employed. We shall he in no position to compete if we coaltnue to live on the same basis of waste and extravngance on which we have lived hitherto. Simple, temperate living is a moral Issue of the first order at any time, and any other basis of conduct during the war be comes a wrong against the Interest of the country and the interest of democracy. The impact of the food shortage of Europe has knocked at every door of the United States during the past three years. The prices of foodstuffs have nearly doubled, and the reverberations of Europe's increasing shortage would have thundered twice as loudly dur ing the coming year even had we not entered the war. We are today in an era of high prices. We must maintain prices at such a level as will stimulate produe tion, for we are faced by a starving world and the value of a commodity to the hungry is greater than its price. As a result of the wvorld shortage of supplies, our consumers have suffered from speculation and extortion. WVhile wages for some kinds .of lahor have increasedl with the rise in food prices, in others, it has been difficult to mnin tain our high standard of nutrition. 1By the elimination of wvaste in all classes, by thle rednetion in the cqn sumption of foodstuffs by the more for tunate, we shali incrense our supplies not only for export hut for home, and by increased supphtes we can help in the amelioration of prices. For Better Distribution. Beyond this the duity lhas been iaid upon02 the food adlminilstration to co-op ernte with the patriotic menCJ in trades and commerce, that1-we may eliminate the evils which hav'e grown into our syst em of distribution, that the lir dlen nmay fall eqiltahly' upon0 all by res t~tioh, so far us 25may13 be, of the nor mal11 course of t raid. It is the purpose of the food ndiistraltloln to use its ul movst power and the utmost itbillity thai patriotisim can assemible to ameli orate' this sitiuation to such a dlegree as may23 be piblle. The food adn~inist ration1 is assemj blin the best expert idv'ice in the ('ountr iy onI home (ec~ooics, on food utlization, on trade praetices andl tradie wa'uses, and on the conduct of pulblie (entinag places, nnd1( we shlli omut line from time to time detailed sugg~es ions, which if honestly carried out by nu'h individuals in the country, we be lieve will effect the result which we must attain. We are asking every 110m1e' every pulilc eating place and many trades, to sign a pledge card to ne(cept these directions, so far as the(ir' circumnstnnees permit, anid we are orgianizing various instrumentalities to ame1(lioralte speculation. We are ask ing tihe men~f of the country who are not actually engaged in the handiing of food to sign similar pledges tbat they shall see to it. so far as they are able, that these directions are followed, Our Difficult Language. Apropos of the diflculties that our foreign-born friends exp~erience in learning "United States," a subscribher writes: "A boy born a Dane and raised in a German family came to me and said: 'Will you borrow me your wheel barrow?' and when lie saw me smile he said(, '1 mean, can I lend it from you?' "-Outlook, Daily Optimistic Thought, The liberty of the press is essential to a free governtnent,