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* \ ' " ? ' * ' mtmmmmmmmmmmmmmm'mmm'mmmmmmm^ ' Ww %Ww$k |p$ssmgff, VOL. 2. ABBEVILLE, S. C., TUESDAY, FEBRUA11Y 23, 1880. NO. 25. The Farmers in Contention. < i Columbus, Feb. 11.?[A Stuff Cor- | respondent.]?The spring session of the ] State Agricultural Association closed ] yesterday. President Livingston held | the association nicely in hand, and con- ^ tributed largely to the dispatch of busi- , liens. The programme was thought- j fully arranged and strictly adhered , (to. | Professor White, of the State-Univer- , fiity, in charge of the experimental farm ; at Athens, gave a very interesting and instructive address, based on the results * of his experiments, observations and readings. Prof. White, spoke without jiotes, and made a splendid impression. Whether or not his experimentations will'be utilized and his wise suggestions adapted remains to be seon. Too many of our farmers regard all such as "very trice on $>aper," hart ?f no real vaJue to ^themselves or any one else. And yet, experimentation -?ne of the things most needed?the one thing that is most intimately allied to jjrofitaMe farming Experiments were made with cotton and-corn. With cotcon, to determine? 1st. Whether The cotton plant derives the nitrogen necessary for its growth from the atmosphere or from the ! t ?nil. I 2d. If In whole or in part from the ^ soil, which of the following nitrogen- t ous materials it prefers, viz.: Nitrate of j soda, sulphate of ammonia, dned blood, j ootton seed meal, raw bone. v 3d. The relative economies or money e value of the materials used- j Prof. White gave the facts and re- ^ suits in detail. The conclusions reached were as fol- g Jows: ,, That nitrogenous manures increased n the yeild, thus de in wist rating the fact ( that the cotton pliunl requires that a j portion of its nitt-agen be supplied n tlwough the soil; that cotton seed meal 0 is.superior to raw bone, dried blood, 0 nitrate of soda or sulphate of ammo- ? nia; that two and ix quarter per cent. n of ammonia is a safe average projior- 0 tion in a mixed fertilizer; that cotton _ ?eed meal may be regarded as the best and cheapest nitrogenous fertilizer for r cotton. . The experiments established the fol- v tawing additional'facts: v That all forms of phosphate manures ixcreased the yield. t That, in order of excellence, the s tonus of phosphate stood as follows: j tfteauied bone and Oav.hilla guano, sola- f hie phosphate, reverted phosphate and n aoatK. g That the use of floats was attended ! j with Actual money loss. That kainit is superior to muriate of ^ {iotftsh as a source of potash for col- ( ton. u That cotton seed is not a good ma- r Ki.ure for oats. ^ The-experiments with corn demon- {] ?trated the fact that nitrogenous matter j* under corn does not play. ^ An interesting experiment .Ava'a made t fto test the advantage of fod- j <ler" and allowing the blades to remain j, on the stalk until the crop is made, f From one plat (half-acre) the fodder t was pulled m the usual manner August j :24th, cured and weighed. From the ^ s ])l?t, the fodder was not pulled at all. 0 October 14th the corn was gathered r from both plats, shucked and weighed. t Results: n Plat 1, fodder pulled: ^ Fodder 158 pounds, shucks 100 n pounds; corn (ear) 014 pounds, which t shelled gave 504 pounds, cob llo g pounds. v Plat2, fodder not pulled: u Shucks 125 pounds, ear corn SOI ? pounds, which shelled 729 pounds.; cob ^ it! pounds. e The plat from which the fodder was j anawsasezr * gwm of 286 pounds ear corn or 225 j pounds shelled corn. Hriefly, the far- p ?er who pulled his fodder loses $2.50 j per acre in addition to the cost of gath- j erwag tho fodder. Now hero are grad- ( grind, money facts. How many farmers t wiH test the experiment next summer? t H?w many? 1 Taming from experiments in cotton and corn, Prof. White touched upon tho r labor question and threw out surges- n titns which will surely put to thinking r the farmers who heard him. His lead- L iag thought was th*t a successful agri jultural community was an impossibil- c ity in the absence of a peasantry such, c ror example, as is found in France, f England and even in down-trodden Ire- t land. Prof. White did not follow this o thought in any of its ramifications. It a presents a prolific thorne and ought to irouse the best thought of the State. Lie referred, incidentally, to the necesiity of contraction on the part of the Partners of the State?contraction as to icreage. A natural consequence would ti ae a system of intense fanning?fewer y. icres, better seed, higher culturc, more t satisfactory results. t Col. Fannin, of Troup, introduced a e esolution commendatory of the Legis- p ature's action in passing the Technol- t >gical School bill. t IT 7 1 1 r U UII^U 1 L ii? I f H, U V M UUMUl, U[ipUf>UU ? ho adoption of the resolution in an t farnest speech. a The resolution was adopted. Judge r Iarrell opposed the bill in the Leg- r slature and declares he will contin r le his opposition to the idea so long s is a chance remains to defeat | i t. j v The Agricultural Association desires ' c hat the farming interests be considered ! t vhen the school is established and > he curriculum is being formula- o ed. a Mr. Raglan d's essay on tobacco cul- s ure was rend by Mr. YVaddell, and held s he close nttteniion of the association. 'J fudge Henderson has distributed a t arge qunntit}T of tobacco seed, together c] vith a manual giving mode of culture, i< itc. A number of farmers will take n lold of this new departure and test its ] iracticability. f The , gubernatorial canvass may be y aid to have fairljr opened. Judn^e Sim- t 110ns' presence in Columbus centred a ttention upon his candidature and j n .'licited considerable comment on the li tfacon Telegraphs .editorial criticism J( nent the judicial ermine and the pool t if politics. The position of the Tele- c ;raph, as generally understood, is that o Judge, who l\as determined to make n active, personal canvass for the ;ulKjrnatorinl nomination, ought to ^ esign. t I heard Governor McDaniel's name t oentioncd in connection with the can- ^ ass. Ilis Excellency has a great many c varm friends who confidently look for- j yard to his re-election to the office he n iow honors. The suggestion, whenever d hTOW? out, instantly culled forth a 1 tatenaent that ho is clearly ineligible, t t was urgod that, if re-elected next n alL, Governor McDaniel will have serv- t d live years or more whereas the Con- n titutaon prescribes a torm not exceed- t ng four years. t Hon. A. 0. Bacon, vrith ono of his a laughters is on a visit to friends in 11 i <s nlwr'n(>(> vvnrL*?>/l lii?> nn I. larnt. His candidacy ?'as frcqqtyrttt^ d eferred to and heartily endorsed', ' /t'd-' Kh |uiry was made as to the chances wl [iflerent gentlemen whose names /trfe a >eing mentioned in conrinection with lie Governorship^ ^rom all sections of ll he State come r^por^,highly encourag- J ng to Major lincon'^Tjr^uds- Mnjor B., p r squarely in the In a straightorward way, he h'a^Witpe and will con v inue to make his caij^Mdacy known to t )einocratic electors throughout the t >tato. Maj. Ii.4 bore himself so nobly c >n the occRssion of his defeat for the to lomination, three years ago, he excited I he most intense admiration for himself v 1 1 J 1 ??- Tt . tiiiiau ?nu uusurvun mm. ne v lid not sulk in hi.s tent, but. having made c n honest tight for a honorable distinc- t ion, accepted the situation and bowed h ;racefully to what seemed to be the p iTiH of the Democracy* I would not 1< itter a word or write a line in disparage- d nent of the claims of any of the dis- b inguished gentlemen mentioned as can- o lidatcs for the high office of Governor I n the foregoing, I have outlined the h Irift of public opinion, gathered from s 11 portions of our State. Major Bacon I b a gentlemen of high character and e narked ability. He has devoted much s ime to the study of Stato-craft. Pie s losscHses splendid exccutivo ability, a ie is broad-minded and progressive, p le is, par excellence, a representative of p he young Democracy of the State. In o he fcxecutive chair, he would do honor t o all clusses just as he would deal even- ? y justico to all. The more one analy- h es the charactor of Maj. Bacon, the nore one studies his career as a citizen, is a lawyer, as a legislator, as a gentlenan. the more stoudily does he grow 0 ipon that person. a Sickness prevented Dr. Felton from 8 . .; C? t'' -Lv' I :omplying with his engagement to ac Iress the association on farmers an arming. The Doctor's absence ws he cause of deep regret. All wet mxious to hear him on so intorestin md inviting a subject. M. V. C. Beaten by the President. [Special to News Courier."] Washington, February 17.?Scarcel nore than half the Republican Senator >ut in an appearance at the caucus hel his morning, notwithstanding the fac hat personal notice was served upo ach one last evening. Some of the Re lublicans ignored the caucus in orde o manifest their impatience at any fui her attempts to harass the President Senator Edmunds appparently regarde he slim appearance with displeasure .s ho failed to even mention the elabo ate report he has been preparing ii espon.se to the attorney general's lette efusing information with regard to th uspension of a United States attorne, n Alabama. lie contented hiinsel % rith proposing some resolutions, an ven these failed to receive entire sane ion. Senators Don Cameron, l'luir 'an Wyck, Jones of Nevada, an ithers. do not hesitate to express dis pprovai of the policy of general re istance to the President by a whole ale refusal to confirm nominations .'h. y say that public opinion would at ribute such action solely to a partisai lesiro to harass and annoy the Admin stration, and that the Republicans eoul lot be benefited by it. More than on lepublican Senator has received letter rom constituents of his own party ad ising against factious or partisan opposi ion to confirmations. The indication re that Senator, Edmunds will not b ble to hold his party together upon th ine he has marked out, and that befor ung the Senate will fall into its old cus om of acting upon nominations in ac ordance with the merits or demerits c nrli rnuit THE SOUTH CAROLINA NOMINATIONS. Senators Hampton and Butler ure 1? toring with the Republican members o lie Senate finance committee to convinc hem that there is no substantial objcc ion to the nomination of Col. Bradley it ollector. of internal revenue. Senator lorrill an^^llison, two.of the proini lent memtyii^ oft,the committee, are diiosed to deaf-faiPS^ with the South Care ina Senators ^h'<t,i?j(f*e allowed the latte o see all the paperft filed with the coin uittee in the case, and have accorde hem the privilege of making a state nent in behalf of Col. Bradley befor he committee. The indications are tha he nomination will eventually be favor bly acted on by the committee. The nomination of Collector Jervey i efore the same committee, but up t< ate no opposition from outside source ias been raised against it. Collecto ervey's case is in the same predicamen is other appointments made to fill va ancics occasioned by suspension, an< t will hardly be acted upon untill tin tepublican Senators recede from thei resent position. The New York Sun to-day publishei rhat purports to be an account of yes arday's meeting of the finance commit ee, and in referring to the contostei ases now pending before that commit ee says: "The nomination Gf Collecto iradley, of South Carolina, concerninj rhich a good deal has been published ras also under consideration, and th harges against him were spread hefor he committee. These charges are tha id has always opposed in his newspa er, on the stump and in private the col Bction of internal revenuo taxes, an< efended and protected those who hav< ieen arrested for illicit distilling. Copi us extracts from the columns of th 'ickens Sentinel, of which he is editoi iave been laid before the committee t< ustain tho charges. Senators Beck Iarris and Vance explained that thes ditorials were a true expression of th< entiment of the people in the moon hine districts, and they themselve greed with editor Bradley that the peo ile who run tea-kettle distilleries wer< ersecuted by the internal revonu< fficers. The further consideration o ho nomination was postponed unti lenators Hampton and Butler could b< teard i;t behalf of their protege." R. M. L. Johnson's Kalsotnine, tho prettiest heapest and most durable preparatioi f the kind in the market. For a testi aonial examine Speed & Neuffer'i tore. , 1- The Negro a Failure. ^ Prof. II. C. White, occupying the e chair gf Chemistry and Agricultural Science at the University, of Georgia, ? has been among Augusta's most appreciated guests the past week. He had just returned frum the meeting of State farmers in Columbus, where his striking address upon the subject of improving labor in the South, " has developed much comment in a new and improved direction. t The Chronicle sought out Prof. iVhite while in A ugusta, not only on account of his genial and engaging manners, but for his bold and practical ideas. Prof. White is a man who t adorns any sphere in life and who ^ leaves the impress of a scholar and practical worker upon evervthinir he touches. The Chronicle asked the Professor about his address in Columbus, in r which he showed up the negro ns o fnilure ns a skilled laboier, and declar* ed the unfitness of the class for n peasd an try. As the Chronicle has already noticed. Prof. White, on the labor question said J that the great necessity of Georgia was a peasantry. What he means by a peasantry is intelligent and scientific laborers,, such as France, England and even down-trodden Ireland have, lie had nothing to say against the ' negro, but it i as a well known fact that he is incapable of receiving scien^ tific instruction. In discussing this subject he knew he was laying nimself open to criticism, but the labor question is the most important to the Georgia farmer. s NO PKASANTUY HEKR. L' u\ir 11 - i .. - -?? en, saia rroiessor \v lute, I took L> this ground : 0 "Here we have a State of fine climate with a soil naturally gqod and susceptible of greater improvement, but ^ the country is absolutely without a peasantry. The people who occupy the rank of peasants are an ignorant, shift* less class, seemingly not desirous of self-advancement. e "There is among them a low state of raoralit}' and little disposition to acquire s property nor are they susceptible of s that training which enables them to work our land to the 'best advans tage." " "Our country cannot be improved 1 without good labor, educated labor and skilled labor. In thinking over this whole matter I have made bold to tnquire whother or not the lack of a sav? ing, middle class is not the weak point in our Southern system, and whether or not the labor difficulty is not at the bottom of all.our trouble V" 4 ."What is your solution, Professor? your formula ?" r THE HKMEDY. t "This of course leads us to hunt for the remedy. I contended : i 1st. We must live independently of e this class of labor by cultivating, our r selves small acres. This leads to inten sivc lartnit g. s 2d. This of course moans scientific - farming. We must oducate the rising - generation of whites so thut they may i understand scientific agriculture. Our - State scientific and agricultural schools r must be built up and fostered. The 5 same is true of the mechanic arts, and this is where our technilogical schools b must come in, to raise up young me0 chanics and train Southern labor." 1 IMMIGRATION. "This system of thoroughly cultivatj ing small farms will leavo a large B amount of unoccupied and uncultivated laud?larger than now remains. Now, e to make a country prosperous and to increase our present population, and in j order that this prosperity may come before the negro succeeds in ruling or n/w tliia aa.m Ihct w#a . > < 1. f.. ? g i uiiiaug iiuo \*\Jwc uiunt WIII R IUF 8 immigration. That is our only hope." ''What is your specific plan ?'' B "I think the State, the railroads and associations of individuals, should unite j in advancing the interests of the State in j the North and West and in Europe, f where thousands of immigrants and I thousands of settlers are seeking homes 8 and would come South if the matter was properly presented to them." "The idea is not to pay people to come South, but we can advertiso and i i encourage them to come South. An * appropriation of $5,000 a year would be i sufficient to publish pamphlets and disdistribute them, even employing an V /V. ' tf ' ' , ' - agent to look after Georgia's interests abroad." "What a great thing, for instance, would it be for the Central Railroad to employ agents to inducc immigrants to settle along the lines of its road. It would pa}' them an hundred fold by building up their country and de- < veloping their property in every i way." Tride and the Lack of It. i Most persons in this world are anxious 1 for applause. They like to be well thought of, and never object to hear < themselves spoken of in a commendable ' manner. No real objection can be 1 formed to this, provided sinful vanity is < not at the root of it. I'ridc, it must bo ' remembered, is a busy sin that spoils all ' we undertake. More than this, it is 1 bound to be discovered, and the real ob- < jeet we have in view is often defeated ' by it. When Diogenes stepped upon < the flowing robe of Plato, he comically I remarked : "Thus do 1 trample on the ( pride of Plato." The sage turned and 1 replied : "Yes, Diogenes : but with 1 greater pride of your own." It was ] evident that Diogenes took pride in I making a display of his impudence before the rabble. There are many per- 1 sons who act to-day precisely like 1 Diogenes did. Some who are naturally * dirty and slovenly hate to see a gentle- 1 man wear a clcan shirt. They speak of 1 him as a "Miss Nancy," "dude," ect. ' We once heard a clownish fellow re- < mark about some genteel folks, who although poor, always appeared in ' company neatly dressed : "Those peo- < pie put all they have upon their backs. ' and starve their stomachs." A by- 1 stander quietly replied : "That is more 1 commendable than to make a hog of 1 yourself by putting all you have in 1 your stomach and go like a vagabond." The cap seemed to lit the first party so perfectly that he slunk away with a rrri n Vn?*v ftwtr ...W|..v? ati* v vi j ?vn pwi ouiio aiu nu poor that thoy cannot make a decent appearence when they appear on the streets and even when at home. To appear like a sloven at home and on streets like a princess or Lord Chesterfield is shoddy and vulgar. Neatness and cleanlines of person at home should always be observed. It will not do, cither, to attend ,to only certain portions of the body and neglect the others. Women, particularly, should always be careful to keep their hands in order. A woman with pretty face and rough hands, with traces of dirt beneath the nails, is like the peacock?his plumage is beautiful, but you must never look at his feet. It is said that if the bird while strutting looks at his feet his tail droops immediately. The poaeoek cannot help himself, but any female, unless she is compelled to work in dve colors. can keep her hands in order If she is willing to take the trouble. We should so respect ourselves that we would be unwilling to appear at home in a way that we could not appear before strangers. Of course no one expects to see persons who have domestic duties to attend to dressed in silks and fine linen but they do expect to see them properly costumed for their work. i Many young men are so afraid of being called "mean" that they will ] spend the last dollar they hare with their comrades for purposes very often moro i to be condemned than commended. It 1 is so nice to have the "boys" call them i ''generous fellows." Hold on young i man; generosity should always com- ] mence at home If you spend money < among strangers that is needed by rela- i tives, you are really ungrateful, selfish i and devoid of moral courage. Retnctn* bcr that relations stick to you when your money is gone. Friends, so-called, ' whe nadversity overtakes you, will dis- { appear like the leaves in autumn. To 1 have too much pride is to spoil what- \ ever we undertake; to be without entirely tnal. s us tit only to associate ' with animals that wallow in tho mire.? ] Columbia Record. y - - I Miraculous Escape. , W. W. Reed, druggist, of Winchester, Ind., 1 writes: "One of my customers, Mrs. Louisa D:L. n i-i-u ni t-J i i&c, iibhi'iiiii, nuiiuui|iu v>o., mu., was a long I sufferer with Consumption, and was given up ( to die bv her physicians. She heard of Dr. King's New Discovery for Consumption, and began buying it of me. In six months' time * she walked to this city, a distance of six miles, i and is now so much improved she ban quit \ using it. She feels she owes hor life to it." . Free Trial Bottles at Cothran A Perrin Drug Store. J I Subscribe fcr the Mehse^oku. mmmmmmmmmmmatammmmmBmmmmmmmmmmmmrnk The New Deal Again. "Got three plass eyes; And like a scurvy politician. Seem to see the things thou dost no* Many of our exchanges, witho advancing any definite reason, persist in clamoring for a new deal in the next* election of State officers. Much has been said about the new deal, and it is proba bio that as the election draws near, it will be taken up by dissatisfied politicians of a low order, who desire to ride into what Lhey consider "fat offices," upon this hobby* Unpuestionably, the most important consideration in electing officers is their individual qualifications. Fitness for the discharge of the duties should first be considered, and we have sympathy with those who seem to imagine that bccauso a man,s grandfather performed the State service, therefore all his lcscendants should receive the emouluinents eof a public office, as annuities. No ane section of the State is entitled to jreater favor than another. Good men can be found all over the State, and as they are but representatives of the people, they should be chosen from the people, they should be chosen from the people of the State as such. Perhaps the new deal idea arises frohi the face that great complaint is made against high taxes. Unless it can be shown that the State officers have-abused the trust reposed in them, we see no reasrn for turning a man out of office who has perfoincd his duty, satisfied his constituents. and|proven himself worthy. It is folly to turn out a good man simply to I'vnnrimonfc wit.li ?nntli?r rl'kf> ? - ?? . ... vra??vi -M ??V uvaiv officers have nothing to do with redacting taxation. This evil if it be one, must be remedied by the legislators and bounty Commissioners. Elect?competent ind trustworthy County officers and you may be sure no unnecessary expenses will be incurred.?Laurewtvillc Advertiser. "The Swamp Angel." When General Gilmore laid out his plan of operations against Charleston, S. C., and its defences in the summer of 18G3, he decided to plant a battery in the marili, at some point whence it might be possible to reach the wharves and shipping of the city with shells. The marsh here was a bed of soft black inud, sixteen to eighteen feet deep, overgrow with reeds and grass traversed with tortnos, sluggish water courses, and overflowed at high tide. Here, at a point midway between Morris Island and James Island, iully five miles from the lower end of Charleston, on a strong platform of logs* placed directly on the surface of the marsh, but strengthened beneath the gun platform by piles driven through the mud into the solid sands below uhd filled between with sand, was planted the battery. It mounted a single gun, an eight inch rifled Parrot gun. The gunner was protocted by> Hand-bag parapet. August 24, 1865, General Gilmore demanded the surrender of Charleston. The demand being rejected, fire was opened front this gun upon the city. Several shells .11J t_ ? ? ? * - uiu ruacn me towor ona 01 tuu city, and caused much damage by exploding among the warehouses there, buX no persons were harmed. . The Swamp Angel did not, howevor, long continue to terrifv the Charlestonians. Being Rred at a considerable elevation, with t charge of sixteen pounds of powder, ind impelling a projectile weighing 185 pound, it burst at its thirty-sixth discharge. And Fort Wagner., fully a mi|e learer the city, was put to no further use.?Inter Ocean. . ; M.r Lincoln was found one morning l?y a visitor counting several small piles * af greenbacks on his table. '"This, sir," said he, noticing the gentleman's surprise, "is something out of my usual Knfe. But a President of the United States lias t multiplicity of duties not specified in ' the Constitution or the acts of Congress. This is one of them. This money belongs , to a poor negro who is a porter in the lYeasurv Department, and is at present very sick with the smallpox. (He did not catch it from me, however, at least 1 think not.) He is now in the hospital, ind could not draw his pay because he could not sign his name. I have been at sonsiderable trouble to overcome the lifficulty and get his money for hits, and hnve at length succeeded in putting ed tape, as the newspapers say. 1 aia low dividing his money, and putting bv i portion in an envelope, labeled with lis name, along with my own funds, a^? :ording to his wish."?Ben;- ftrlcy Poors in Boston Budget^ yt V.v V^.- ' V'" '/?l*sro8