University of South Carolina Libraries
ROAD 1MPROVM1!IEN Ecorlornical Met1ods 'I'l of E'X) The following article was pub. lished In a recent number of the Engincering News, and is from the pen of Mr. Chas. 11. Scott, of Elkins, W. Va. It appears In our columns by special permis 8on, and the accompanying cuts arc used as illustrations of the description given of the road, which will be found helpful to a b e t t e r understanding of the writer's meaning. Readers who are inter ble to study the article, as it is adapted to is not theoretical. While enjoying a vacation a few years ago, the writer was for a short time em ployed as Supervisor of Public loads for Warren Co., N. C. A road law specially enacted for the county had abolished entirely the old plan of ''call. ing out the hands " to do free work on the roads, substituting therefor a tax on poll and property. This tax wats vey small, netting not t'.lite -$ 1,000 per an nun during the two years of my service. There were about :-'6 miles of roads to be cared for in a territory of about 500 sq. miles Of this mileage a consider. able percentage, of eourse, wias not much used. Of the niain roids, soime parts, lying on sandy or gravelly surface, were never very bad. A large part of these roads, however, lay on a surface which was either wholly colmposed of clay, red or yellow, or of clay covered with a thin layer of light sandy limm which when not drained was easiiy cut through or washed oil, exposing the clay. These parts of tlh- roads in winter and in wet weather generally became uln speakably bad the clay clittilig upl) to a depth of from I to 2 feet, nlid some stretches of road becoming wholly im, passable. The very limited money available for road work led to at careful study of the conditions of tile case, wvith the follow. in g resilts : it was observed that many parts of the. roads which wvere always good l had a surface covering of sand or gravel, often very thin, covering clays, red or yellow, beneath. Careful examinatioln of the thickness an1d Itture of this covering and its relation to the underlying clay disclosed several interesting an(d impor tant facts. It was found that the covering of sand, gravel or sandy lomlli was often very thin, on sections of road that were hardly ever cut up or inl had( order. In 011 cases, in which there was (o notiecthble deterioration of tile roadway in ses.ions that were quite unfavorable tile sandy covering wats not over. an inch thick over a yellow and rather porous clay. It was also noted that an ordinary sandy loam, or "1 soil," ats it was coml ionly called, ofteln iiade as good at covering as any other -the varying line ness of its materials causing a closer Packing. This appeared to make it superior to a titne sand of uniform grain, which was more apt to cut up when (Iry. Many panrs of the roadwiiy h-td alter nate sections (If d1enud1(ed clay and of sandl or gravel surface, while othlers iln which the clay was muore generally ex p~osedl, had sand, or gravel, orI sandly soil, nearby. 1I, was dleterminled to try the plan (If shaping up the clayey parts o~f the rolads intoI a gooId surface, eithber by hand or muachine, and theni coIvering the roaidway witht the best, materials pr curable, by tihe use of wheel scrapers. This plan proved signally successful. Parts of the road way thuns rep~airedl, which had been for years nlotoriouisly bad, and1( almo1st impassable during Winter and( wet seasonsi1, haIve becen so0 entirely changed ini character that a teami~ may1) be dlriv'en over thenm at a troIt any day inl the year. The material, when properly selected and1( appl iedl, has comn pacted intto a 1lirm, hard surface, whIich shledsl water freely and1( raplidly, is dry sooni after rai nfalls, an d is scarcely ever cut to anly applreciable dlepth, ando ofteni hardly marked by the passage of vehicles even whlen heavily Iloadedl. Tfhe writer has recently visited and in spected some points lit whIiich tllhis work wvas dlone four or live years ago, and1( found them still in admirable order, while lie is assured by those in a posi tion1 to know~ that (only a very trilling a~imut oIf money has11 been ex penided ont them ill the interval oIf time menltionedl The results have been surp)risinlg even 1,o the writer, although he hoped muhl for the wolrk . Of the estimate placed onl it by citizens generally, the accompa jnying letters from an ex county colmmissioner who has1 al1ways talkenl a deep interest in suchl matters, and1( fromn a re putable physician, who has frequnent oc~ casioni to pass8 to and( fro over the work, will testify:' W.a muu:N'moN, N. C., Nov. 27, 1901. I am1 thoroulghly conlvine al'.'llfter live or six years oblservation (If the red hlills graveledl under you11r directloll while Buperintendent (It liads oIf Warreni county that it is by far the best and cheapest method that can he adopted Ilills on which you had1( gravel placedl live or six years ago are now~ as goiod as5 or better than when the woIrk was ti rst done, and1( in many caises lire n~ow~ tile best part of thle roadl. '1% A\l(IRiN'oN N. C . Nov, 15, 19(00 Your roadl work still remainis iln almlost as good condition as when first dIoneI anld in the mleanltjime has1 requtired~ very little repair. Only omi.e has1 it been necessary to fill in a fewv ruts and( blreaks or wash Outs 0on the side oIf the roIadbed. I have Often blessed you wvhen dirivinig at a brisk gait instead oIf tugging thlrough the mud, a toot dleep. at a1 snail's pace 'rho samel system, 1 am11 glad to say, has been used at sevierl ploints iln the county, very much to the benetilt oIf the roads andl comfoIrt of thae traveling plubtlic. Tho cost is a1 mere trifle comaparedl with tile benefits derived, 1and( when thle gravel is obtainable it is the cheal'est and1( best road for the expenlditure. 110Al)wAv enIoss sI. *'"N>: Am> I oI m'~II 1 In ilg. 1, thle lower line shlows thle shapo which was given to the original clay roadbed. T1hie rise in the center is made as light as will secure drainage, so thlat the greater rise niecessarily givell to thle covering will not cause it to wash1 off in hleavy rains. The covering Is put on to a deplthI of from 3 to 5 ins., when paucked ; (It fairly uniform thickness, for a widlth of aiboli 8 ft., thence taperinig out to nlothing in 2 or 3 ft. more :thlough somnetinmes under favorable circuimstances, and( 0on more used roads a little wider. Fig 2 shlows another section where thle old road ms wider. The dimensions of thle improlved part are the same as In Fig I thle unim. proved part being shaped up amnd left for passing. In Fig. 1, the road is in a lnar row cut, such as is often found on our older roads; the cuts being gradually made by washing, and often being 10, 15, and even 20 ft. deep. Passing in those narrow places is often dilnicul~t andl sometimes Impossible, one team having to turn out at a wider point and wait for the other. The cay in-es paes Faaniliar MethotIS Used )y Of. lest ficils F stVi(i Gitilty 111 11-. vana. The verdict in the postal fraud cases, as given out, liade C. F. W. N(ley %V. 11. IReeves anid Estes G. ltathbonie guilty of the minti charge of eonlbezzle ment of over $100,000, and that Neeley - and Reeves originated the idea of burninlg tho staups, to which Itath.. bone consented, profited thereby, though to what extent could not be specilled. Neeley and Reeves, accord .Ing to the verdict, appropriated $2, 817.22 by a series of entties, charging to the Postal fund certain amounts for roita- lighterage, wharfage and other matters g and for which there were no warrants or vouchers. lRathbone also was found guilty of participation i) thiK. These drain- entries were made in what is known a r and the miscellaneous account. every IRathbone, it was alleged, charged ith of the departnent of posts with private ar on 3XIpensCs, such as washing, repairs to 3 and his coach, express charges, three boxes ed to, of liquor, Japanese lanterns, gas and ,erted certain household accounts, atuount gsldo. ing to $1-57.25. Ile was found guilty cet on this charge, but wis acqluittedIon that of paying for furniture for his lently house. the bill of a New York store for furniture and other articles, on the n red ground that a nuinber of army ollicers liand, in Cuba had obtained similar articles large. at the expense of the governiment, and clay that these expenditures had been %ila it y ani. passed subsequently by the Senate. soft., Neeley andit Reeves were found guilty 3finlto of having issued diplicate checks for f road the salaries of postollice employees, ace in and fori payment to the lIuiiz company lpg and the gas company, tle aliount iln iraiu volved be-ig $1,027.618. They were ch also held responsible fo' . 1,8518-:32 for i 6y be- stanmps sol. >r Bill- Neeley alone was held to be guilty i ly to of fraud inl tle i.ssu11111in four dupli on a cate warrants for $8,(57.1 for salaries is ap of clerks in the Ilavana postollice and place for the pirclhse of mules. Ile was 1 C fouud guilyalso of having drawn a I dutiph~eae heck for $1,000, nonlinally good issued for tile trausfer of funds froni sand hI le postal account in the baik to the I oarse account of the tri asurer, an4 of hiavinie t. A given (C. M. Itich, hlis forinier as~sistatt ,ravel -5,000 worth of StaumIps to sell, lie ut - took his salary of 1 251 before going to water (ihe United States the last time. It S aleged also that le received coin- I cilly imissions inl connection with tle Neeley i !(d to pIrinting comupany and tle Keyless cavy, lock coipany, proliting by thlis means form to an -amount, greater )than $:.',292. At UP For this, however, Neceley was not in early dieted by the fiscal, as. 1he was extralit. ads 1 d Oil the cha'rge of enlezzlement. IL a was also charged that lie asked lIeoves ply in to arrange the hooks, giving him 5 I, pene 600 to (i so. I Ic was actiuitedi of this os out for the reason given abve. It, was charged that Neeley also ippropriated S1(00 in muoncie - rev Ltinmg from thie sales even of stain pa by M oya anid M leceara, statnyp i, has clerks at. IIavana. gang liathblonte was foundl guilty of hav it, has ingv paidl the expenlses of his ifie and vl yd fatniily on a trip to Soilnilgo and1( Oil a gravel seconid voy age to (lie Ii nItal SIltes, mmon~ hei being iinil e to sepa;rate his iv ii~ate d, al. and~ oflicial ex penses, and al1so issuing work two walirants for S500 each. d (lie I eeves apprloprliated 8-i 7: , whIiichli t was svas rettirnedl to hu1i' bi !thlbonec. sed ini The hitter w as ace puitted on the1 charge ligh of hav inlg unlIa wfully taiken a da ily all IowanceL~ of M5 after thle Il'ostinaster probay COseneal ha~d <tisalIlo vd hlliis cla inm. x penri lath bonme, lieeoves andit Neeley wvere luice d. founud jolintly gu il ty, un mder thie li(.stal: ern, a code I 1 oihle eniubezzldei nent. of S I12,t 7 , tused. a fine ini whIiich am 'tuna, was div ided( ondtedl betweeni thiem. Neeley was guilty al al alone of embhezz/lemaent of1 .21,857; l,, ve of 8E;7:t, anid liathblonec oif I n -N IOn111, while N 00ley andii I ceves join t Iti siumnnniig up) tihe 'ourit saidt the idwiay facts brought out showed that. var-ious r with schemes huid beeni used by lleev'es, -or by Neelfey and1( lat hbone to apphropriaite ens on the' posta~Ilins, but t hat these should bt(lt eIa tiaken to conist itute only omite in (i Sside tionu of (lie huw, each itein not,being' palck regairdled separately. rig, as5 laathbonie's attornleys haviie appiflied( in one0 to (he courlt for a wit -i of habeas cor a ra- puis. Shiopper " I liut a ren' t thlese hose0 from rat her lo'ud ?" roved Cler-k---"Ys, sir. T1hiey are in r-oved~ tmtuled onily for1 perOia whos fee a .iint thle habit of going to sleep."' ing a d anid ~ ile,'"n ON FIRLE Att explodinig lainip the clothing in based a laze;- a paragraphii ni thie l~ap-r tl-l-. 11ts of ig o~f hiorrible su l'inag fra iin burins. ccen. Tragedy ini this foriii inoves aS . uan1 to oorest tea rs. IBut for chi the wouant who are lar to) daily being coil ad u- auiiied by the I that stuoulering fire to all of disease- there- is ought littlec sytii athyv. t part In flaittiination1, tithorn w i (Ih i t s ficree Caro- huiriiing; uleera- , ansas, t ion, oat ing intio ( the t issue s ;li the Litupor.- nrv-ous sy ste ii al-j rapers iliost shiatter ed by trpose sutTerinig , Itese derate are only Par't of p teams the daily agoniies(/ se, or borne biy inanliy a coun. wtnanli. two, Dr. Pierte's Fa thers)F vorite P'resciptionl puts out the fire 151 addl- of ililattitiait on, used0( heals lilterationi, ns are and cures feniiade m often weakness. It traii 'nestly quili/es the nierves, restores the ai~ptite, 3ed to and gives refreshing sleep. "1-avorite d fair P'rescripitiont " is the iiiost reliable put-upl urther inedic-ine oll'ered as a cure for dlI seases id In a pecuiliar to woiinen. // a/ways h/p/s. 1/ a/nrots/ awayst rures "whitt 1 first coinnetd usling Dr. Pierce's iieiciines." we ites AMts. Geor.e A. 5tronig. of I a~ny of Gan st-vcort, iaratoga co.. N. '.. "i waes sna'ehr ing ,ut fentaiele weaknmesng disae - trel-e di~ ain r bids weiatiedowni pains, wveak attd ic ced feelinug cli< ad the tIte. 1 driggedi aroundi ii that wayV i t wo Svar, ndiibegan akI ing yontm inie-iine. a fter actors inkitty h fit bo tl t-egan ti el I btie. I look 11fl fatir ho le s of iii. Pu-e .es'voi ite- Pre-se-tip 'ilot,, I wo of ' olea ediacail niscov-erv ' ote I 1w - vial of the- 'leesiant Peiets.' also iiaoed oneit only"lbottle.-of 1Dr. 5age's ciaa rih Reeiiediv. Now I Y ee lk ut-ew lersoti. I coan' toiiaik von ii Enug- etingi f e si ent. wiid adice t a md It-e good y-oner mr- nw-din ce hais donte- ,ue D lr. l'iere-'-s Coiiititot Setire lit-dical igilAdlvise-r, >apesr boiiundl, is sent f:ire' onii Iilt it ecen- 1) of 2i onie-cet stainups to pay' lone expenise of ma iiig oni/. Addre-ss Dr. ' b R. V. Pierce, Bufflo o, N. y. loca tho :.4 late Corn rep - removcs from the soil the AA ( large quantities of the taim Potash. (fl The fertilizer ap- e(d plied, must furnish enouligh Po tash, I 1t don land will lose its prc,- gIlis ducing power. ao0] Rend ca-irefully our books T n ov enIe hm ca F;lMAN KAI WORKS, the N i t St., New York. witl A.,-- the priv IN A I1UMOIt(US VIIN. of t] upl uo Teacher: " How many ounces in a of g pounild ?" T Tommy: "It depnis oin the grocer.'' stati Nov Cousin May-I thought you were lion engaged to Miss Yellowleaf. to t Jack-Not much il I couldn't love a the woman with a past like hers. whil Cousin May----Whv, what do you to n1 know about her pa? C Jack -Nothing, except that it began c ,OO soon toMit me. CI cont in'r It's no use to talk, Colonel," said I *or le village postt'ster, "4 your argu- face eit won't hold water."' put " Water, sah1" exclaimed the Colo- Pot. el, mdignantly. ' Who said anytlnng him ibout holdingI water, Si?" Little Bcrtic had been taught, not to 18k for anything at meals. One day ioor Bertie had been forgotten, when 1o pathetically inquired: "1 Do little boys go to heaven when hey are starved to death?'-TiL-Bits. Gladys: "'Edith says you are only ti nakintg love to me out of revenge be- d Haushe811C refuised you. A Rlupert: 4 'ray tell her for me that f 'evenge is so sweet I've forgotten the lljury. Tarkley: "1 I see a Vestern genius ls discovered a new process for ex ,aeting gold from the mines." Maiklcy: "Hluh! I wish sonme one vould discover a process for exLracting iome gold or even silver from mining fhares."' A school inspector was talkitig to a Alass about the duty of showing their best, (ilalities at, home. Alter giving a several instances of the kindnhess given , to an~d received fromi his own childiren ' it, hiomie, he 81a1(: "Nowv, chiirenu, tell me where I dhoul be most51 miissedl if I diedl?"' A little boy rauisedl hiis hand and1( said: l Iieaveni, sir.'' "I canI't tuieirst,nd about this wire- Q ess telegraphy,"' said Mrs. Wunder'. ~ 'A Why, it's jla as01 1 dayl," said Mr. W under. "' T1hey just send t~he mes sages t hroughi the air instead of over ~ wies.'' " I know that,'' said she, hbut how do they fastenm the air to the sem poles?"' Tlr Aunt Ilannailh Ohi, I dJon't think Amiandali w~ouhll (d0 sueh a mean thmng .1s that. I have ahv ays hecarri peopIe say that Amnia wau genlerous to a fault. Uincle G eorg.e -When the fault1 hap pens to be0 hers, she is; niot otherwise, not otherwise. 5~ *1 "' Were you surpirised when I pro pos5ed?"' he askedI. " Well,'" she replied thoughtfully, " I wats not so sulrprisedI that you pro posed wheni you did as I was that, you 700~ liid not pr'opose on seome pre'vious~ oc "' I see there has1 been ai dropi ill r'ub- 11 y ber ?'' saidl the youth from Chicago. "No (doubt) its resilient <qualities will it once enaible it, to b~ounId upward igaini,"' was the comment of the Boes ton girl. '' What dlid he say when you promis 3d1 to be0 a sister to him?'' 12 1( "' Ie looked at me1 earneatly for a mlomen~t or two, andt then said that it vould lbe much more consistent if I voubll make it ani aunt.'' A sentinmental editor out, In Kansas 'k:' Are there any sweeter words ni the English language than t~here, I love you T "' Perhaps not,; but the 2 35 words, '"1 (iee' thait (dollar1 1 her.. rowed,'" are not lacking inl eloquent 4 30 Mrs. Ilbomer,. ine', openi that, winl low atI let. a little fresh air into the " louse.I dlane -.-lt isn't fresh air at, all, imem; l's thle same air that1's been about, here ill the miorinlg. Wigg -TIhat miesseniger boy is the dlowest thiing alive. I wonder what I a Nill become of him when lie grows up? Wagg--Maybe lie wvill dlevelop into0 I great chess player. Sir Boyle lioehe was said to lbe (lhe ather of "' bulls.'' ItI was he wvho as- 6 20O p cirted that "' the be.st waiy I] to lyt I Iailger iS to iet it li mp11.' At. liot heri tiiine, hi col vev ig a wathn j in- U Pitat ion to a friend, hte rema13rked: I , m r lope, my lordl, if ever you come within ,etc. mile of myi~ house, thait you'll stay 39 Lx here all mi ght." 'dai ly, lFro Th'le travelrlr re'gistered htis name in "t lie dingy an1(1d chhpidated hto..*k per- <fly aniug to the only hotel att the minlina' p m.I !ap: ldFro " d Gilets, hafhin, N.'x "' Seemis to mie I've seein that, name F lroi >e'fore,"' rem'itrked Ithle hantd lord. dlay.3' "' l'irobaly," 'repl Iied the travellher, i\'er v'ith coinsioius pmride. "'I served three I i(kO(E luccessiv'e terms in Conigress.'' redut' "h h, well,'' rejoined the landlordFo al'eranmtly3, ''1 won't lay it, up agin you1, t 111 11d you'll git along all right with thme tont. 3 (*ys, I gue~ss. You don't neced to Il Iar lent ion it. yon kenow' I (Ilbi \ Tr IN THE. SOU at Iave Stood the I Fig ...... i 2'.<--- . f. ........ Fig.2. ~10 Ei g.3, >sted in road-naking will find it p: practical, ovory-day road workin even where tile hills are stoop and ago good, from its affinity for watt its ability to hold it like a cup, in accidental abrasion or deprossior comes gradually cut up to a doi from 1 to 2 ft. The wear and tq teams and vehicles becomes wore worso until " turnouts" are resort .he roadway being temporarily dih tuto the fields or woods alon Priction and contention with adj landowners result. Sometimes a roadway is bought, and the old linally abandoned. This is freqi ,he best way out of tile difliculty. Merely shaping up a roadway I >r yellow clay, by machinery or 1 10s little good, and the money is ly throWn away. The afflinity of ror water and its ability to rot in every depression, easily made b na's and wheels when the clay is auses it s0011 to cut up to ind4 Jepths. One of the worst pieces o .he writer has ever seen was a p1 which the section was as shown it 3. It was in a clay varying from r yellow and very soft. A natural 3 or 4 ft. deep, had been formed o side by washing, and the roadw tween was barely wide enough f( gle vehicles, and sloped natural either side when dry. It was hill, too. Yet, notwithstanding ti: parently excellent drainage, this cut up inl wet weather so as to bo nearly or quite impassable, and M were strewn along its bides. A sandy loam. will often llake a covering when the proportion of is heavy. A mixture of line and < sand with a litt.c gravel is excellei small amount of clay with the I lnd sand not only does no harm, 1 u'ompacting and coenletilig tile otlc Lerials makes a surface that sheds perfectly, and resists abrasion or d 1ion1. The USC of gravel, espe toarse gravel, is strongly object further north, where frosts are 1 because of its holding water in tle of ice an1(d s1ow. and becoming cl ill tile thaws of late winter and spring. I have especially noted t1 jections of the Superviaors of Ito Ontario, Canada, to gravel, on th Colult. This objection does not ap the South, where frost does not trate So deep, and the ground dril more rapidly. Thie actual cost of the wvork, when (1011 under some drawback; been1 renmarkably smnail. Withl a (of on1ly two or thlree scrapers ranged from I 2 to 15 ce. per line of roaid, withl al hul of aboult 'i over a rather roughI road., from a jit off the roadl. Onuly tile co teams ouf tile conutry were use~ thlourth thley were0 lighlt for such anid ineIx perieniced men01 handle scrape'rs. Thle gravel at thle pi llowed and1( no1 snautch team wash ui loading, mlakings tile loads a little onl tile average. \ithl a large!r gang (of scraper from fouir to six, tile latter beingi bly tile best nlumber, andi withl c enceed hands(1, the cost could be ret With the larger gang (of scrap snatchl teamil couild be profitably and( tile loads intcreased. Thell1 scraners passing over the materi readty nut ouit roil and pack it sui ly. One man is kept oIn ''tile d orI poinlt Of lulaading, tou sprear level oil' tile material, w itih a col houe. Tile claycy surface of tile rol may be prevIously prepar'ed eithe a road machine -very preferably hland. Withl a lhght ganug of scrap a long haul, it has1 been1 found th fairly wvell, scraping the clay fron to cenlter and1( lettinlg tile scrapers it by passin~g over it before turn'ii they were unloadled. This was of tile lighter mlicaccous clays, inl thler diamp condlitiont. In the tc clays, andu in dlry weather, mlore woumld bue reqjuiredl. Tile cost, as shlownl, ranges $220.00 to $265I 00 perT mile of impl part (If road, andl as thlese imi parts are often dietachied, and alta withl othlers not needing imp~rove except (ditching, thle cost (If mal unliforlly goodi road (If a very hu Iften~ almo1(st imipaissable once, is ti du~cedl to $125 00 to $I50.00 por nI maniy inlstanlces. This is 1no fancy sketchl, but is (11 woIrk actually done11, tile rest which are there to stay and to be a 'This ought to encourage tile p' and feeblest communities, ini wi physical conditions are at all simi tursii, to unidertake thle wourk of ro provenlent. It is nlot conltendet theO plan presentedl is adlapted parts (If theO counitry ;but It Is ti thlat it is wvell adlapted to a groa of tile Bouth, 11mcldin~g the sol and1( casternl parts oIf Virginia, thet linlas, Georgia, Tenlnessee, A rl and tile 8tates furthler Sou1th. The wheel scraper plays an tant part Ill tile work. No. 2 se are geneorally best for thle p1 These can be boughlt for a mo amount, and woIrkedl cliher by boughlt and~ kept for tile p~urpc "lhiredh In" from tile surroundling try ; or by a Icomfbintiionl of til< 80ome being regularly kept and hliredl. A road mlachline Is a desirabb tion1 to tile plant, andi should hi whiere practIcable ; but whlere men0 too small for It, good~ work call bi (d011 without t. Tile writer ear hopes0 that othlers may be indu. give tile pilan presentedl a full an trial ; and will be glad to givef mllformation to thlose linterOstedl, ai position to put it to practical use. TheO Mianawatu II ail way Comnp New Zealiand, recently asked fc for constructing a steel viaduct American anid English conILr camle ml comlpetition ill tile bi< The Americ'jan~ offer was alccepted ever', for' tile pr'ice asked wat about one-hlalf that asked by the 118sh concern. TVhis has given I Canl enterprise a permlanent foot New Zcaland, [and( that gover1 wiii hereafter have its bridge worn by our cnfranons 3 3 f C AS The Kind You Have Alvays Boi in use for over 30 years, hai and has r sonal sui AllowVn( All Counterfeits, Imitations an iExperimients that trifle with a Infants and Children-Experic What is CA Castoria Is a harmless substil gorie, Drops and Soothing Sy coitalus neither Opitun, Mori substauce. Its age is its guan B and allays Feverishness. It c Colic. It relieves Teething Tr ald Flatulency. It assimilate Stomnach aid Bowels, giviig y The Children's Panacea-The ( CENUINE CAST ' Bears the Si 3l y it The Kind You Hav In Use For Ov THE CENTAUR COMPANV, TT MURR Beling m Every - Carriage, Sres At an Absolut . Uniill oiur s ockis. redneed. ie' 1I)on 't taike our self anid liee H arness of all kinds at cost4. We .[one% and var uius other make's of Hluggie, Stiudebak~tlor andi Webe'r; aL.n ebenpe jr gradeI theu Now is the bie-t se*4sonl for selling vehiclecs of n' *Vet, liemembiier, we' paa no! bouse rent, or el - o onr ownu w:ok. WVe will sell anyvtinug we dI awl kiwil treatmen-t to all. Whe in Grem(i a gladt to see I le pleI whiether they wish to . CH A RL L Coine r (Court , River andl Jack-on Streets. WHITE Wo anidle allI 8 MABE N r nw oth rd1ndeolyn prMA. RBLEONFKi'N ANDPN .Ioiurs for Irae IVY M. MAULDIN, Attornoy at Law. Pickens. S. 0, Practico ini all thecCourts. I~ Oflice over Earlo's D)rug Stor - - - 10:' II. J. JEAYN~4wORTHI, C. 10. [RONsON~1: Greenivillo. S. C. 11:( Ilayneswor t,Pariuker' & Rbinson, i~ ASf ornecys-at-Law, P~~icen C. H., - - Sothd Carolina Practica in all Courts'. Atend toa '1:1 iuiness promaptly. '4:1 LiJ'"Monov to loan*.: 4:2 ANDERSON BABB, Conitractor and Builer NA N. PIekens, 5. C' No. -- N WM. P. CALIIOUN. No. Attornoy at Law, No. 113 Wecst Court St. GRE~ENVILLJE, H. U 24 Practice In All the courtsq, Stato and daL.P lie Confederato Memorial Associa has selected Richmond as tl Lion for the Confederate battli -y or m8Isu. One hundre4 isand dollars was donated by th, Charles Broadway Rouse towar rounding of a battle abbey i) thi lh, provided a like sum could bi 3d by popular subscription. In thi >rt submitted by the treastirer o accosiation it is shown that all o: allitional aiount had been ob ed and pledged. lie Irish language is spoken in tb 1amas amtilong the mixed deseen LB of the Hliljcrnian patriots banish wng ago by Cromwell to the Wes les. One cani occasionally hen ro sailors inl the East End of Jon , who cannot speak a word of En 1, talking Irish to the old Iis c women who gather around th cB. he Japanese ncycr sBleep with th I to the north. This is becaus (lead in Japan are always burie the licad in that piositioi. 11 sleeping rooms of many of th aite houses and of hotels a diagrati to points of the compass is poste i the ceiling for the convenionc tiests. 'ic largest and costliest of railwa Ois inl the worla is not in Londoc r York or Paris, but in far awa labay. The building laying clait iis distinction is the terininus Great Indian Peninsular Ruilroa<] .h, with connecting lines, exteud early every part, of Inuia. mgressman Jacey, of Iowa, r4 ly sentit a packet of seeds to a ruri tituent, the franked envelope beai the usual warning, " 300 penall private use." The recipict Liously replied that lie could n( the seeds to public use, and coul afford to pay $300 for using thei self. Weak? "I suffered terribly and was ex emely weak 'or 12 years. The octors said my blood was :11 irning to water. At last I tried .yer's Sarsaparilla, and was soon :eling all right again.' Mrs. J. W. Fiala, Hadlyme, Ct. No matter how long you ave been ill, nor how >oorly you may be today, kyer's Sarsaparilla is the >est medicine you can ake for purifying and en 'iching the blood. Don't doubt it, put your vholc trust in it, throw way everything else. $1.00 a bottle. All drugglsts. Ask yutur dfoctor whatet he thInk, oft Ayer's trsparilh. li<- knotwat:ili itttt this grainut it famiily mnttiteune. Ftollow hisa advico andO 0 winl bo satiet.t. J. U. A V ER CO., Lowcl, Mass. uthern Railway, satest Southern Systen Iit'I. F~ TRA' I~ INs AT iollERgNVI.r.E, s, (In effecte1ilJanary 15'thi, 1902.) auins leave Greeniville, A AU Ic pot: a m,. No 35. (daily) linited States F'a anil. For AtIatta, lirmi nghan N emplhis, Miontgomecry, New Orlecan Chattanooga, Macon. etc. Thmrong lPullman Sleepters for A flant a, lii] miinghlamn, M'lonltgomery, Mobile, anl New Orleane, connecting at Atlant with through Ptl li.an sleepers fc Chicago, Chat tanoogat, CinIciinnat and~ Kansas (City. a mn, No 31 (daily) U'nited States lea Mallt, for Charlotte, Richmion< Washington, New York, anid th IEast. TIhroughm Putllmani sleepers lRichmndl, Waishington, lialtimori t.Philadelphia, andi New York. Dil inig cars. I mi. No 68x (except Sunday), mixed it cal traini for Ilodges, arriving hlot ges 2 O p Im. 1 m, N o 12 (daily), for(Colum bha, (Chai leston, allnd initermeidiate po(inlts. a mn, No 39 (daily). Atlanta and Nea York Exprese, for Atlanta, Macoi Hirminlghaml, etc . Close connlectioni at A tlanta for all p)ointS Sou1.h an Wecst. Pullman sleelper to Atlanta Also,cacti Tuecsday, Thursday an Saturday through Puillimain Toutrii car to San Francisco without chianig via Atlanta, Montgomery and Neo Orlecanus. p im, No 37 (daily), Washington< Soulthwesternl l,imiited. Solid Pu I man traini of finest. eqluip~ment. Cor nectionls at Atlanta for all points Tihroulgh sleepers for Macon, Moni gomery, Mobile, New Orleans, liii miinghami, Memphtii. Also ec Sunday, Wednesday and F'rida Pullman compartment car thlrougl to Newv Orleans, via Atlanta all Montgomery. Diing cars. p im, N o 12 (d aily ), t~ocal 10xpress fo Spartan burg, Charlotte. I an vi llt Richmonld alld( inltermed(1iat e pointt p mn, No 11 (daily), Loenl f~xpress fo Atlanta. withl close contnections a A tlant a for all pin its Southl anm Wecst ; Chatt anooga, et c. p in No 3S (daily), W~ashiiington d Sotthwestern LimiiitedI. Soh PfulIll. mn traini toi Washinigton,. lialftmoro P h tad e c ph lia aunt New York Thl roulgh PutI 1man1 sleepers to New o(rk via I )anville, lfilchbrg, Wash ingtoni,etc . I'llm11an (Comnpartment11 car to \ewv York each Tuesday, Fri dayi aiind Sundnlly. I4liing car's. > m. NI) ;tu (daily), A tlanita and11 New Y ork lgxptre.s, for ('harlot te, D~an 'ille, .\orfolk, Rlichmond, Washing ton and., the l'asi. Thlrouigh Pl'll. man11 sleepers, (Greenville to Wash Iingion ; (Chalrlo tt e to Norfolk and mn, No It; (daily), Tfhe lexpositio1 .Elyver. for (ohi bia li, Chlarleston, etc. 'l'hrougph PullmaI n allIeepinlg car, Ureetoville to) Iharleston. in New \ ork, Washington, iih .lDanviille, IChlarlotte. Spartanlburg, so 35, fast mail. dtally, 1 201 a mn NoE >ross, dhaily, II ?5 a m; NI) 37, limited, 1. ..5 t ml; No 11, ltcal, daly, 4 25 pm' n Atlanta iund Itoinits 80uth anld No ni. fast mail, daii ly. 5 35 a in ; No al. daily, 2 in t in, No 3S, limited. nS It p m; Nti 4I0, express, dlaily, 5 50 n1 (.'1arfestoin, (oimbii~)ia, etc. No ;iisi lt in F:'er. dily i, 11 20 a m; No il. dai ly. I 25 p m. c ttle. 8 t, mlixed, except 81un. low~ rates to Chlarleston. Trhromugh r fto (tharleston. WVinter touirist now tW n sale to~ all toturist ploints at dI rates. furt her inlformnat ion apply to J 1) i assenger aind Ticket Ageint, Wash. 8t, Gireenville,8 0 ; Frank S Gan d V P' & G M, Washington, 1) C; 8 lwic'k, IL P A, Washington, ) C. lIon t, Div P'ass Agt, Charleston' li 'l'anhona A n P A, Atana, G. A_ ight, and which has been ; borne the signature of been made under 3lis per ervision since its infancy. > one to deceive you in this. d " Just-as-good" are but iid endanger the health of nece against Experiment. LSTORIA ute for Castor Oil, Pare. rups. It is Pleasant. It hiie nor other Narcotie tmtee. It destroys Worms ures Diarrhma, and Wind inbles, cures Constipation s the Food, regulates the icalthy and natural sleep. Lother's Friend. 0RIA ALWAYS gnature of a Always Bought )r 30 Years. %VY OThEXT. NEW VORR OSTY. t Cost! bhing. 1gles, ietons and Wagons a Sacrifice! wordi for it, but1 comiE~ aii' see for your irry~ ihe l;theoek, Couirtlnd, Tiysonu & &c., a~ stict ili gha( Grade Wagons, the I v' In,ro, Ta~ylor ansd Chiattaniooga. all kinids an~d wve are going to sell our y wvell over but we have a few bargains ierk hire, own our own repoitiory and hal:ve for caish or goodi paper. Polite IIy or not. ES & McBRAYER, GRiE1ENVILLE, S. 0. WILL E. WHIE kindsu of. GRsA N IT E meI b~ut fist-elass kmnan work. cardl with our address wvill bring a man Ily ml ear Iots and1( Cani giv th de lowest & 0O., Anderson, 8. C. ECKENS RAILROAD J. E. Boons, President. TIM iE T(ABLE No. 2. /Y"Suipersedes T('ime 'Table No. 1. Ef Live 12:011 A. M., Feb. 1st, 1901. d D~own. Rlead Up. lo. 10. ST1ATIONH. No. 9. lixid- ____ Mixed. On a m...Lv. Plekens iAr.2:55 p m 5 a m.....*Ferguson's...2:45 p mn 5 a m......*PrIison....2:80 p in 0~ a ........*Arlialls.......2:25 p in 5~ a in....MauldIn's.....2:20 p m S a mn..Ar Easley Lv....2:15 p im eX(I ' TATION8. No1. I) p mn..Lv. Plekens Ar.6:40 p mn 5 p m.....*Frgson's..6:80 p in 5 P m......Parson's...0.. :15 p mn 0 p mn.......Arial's.0.. :10 p mn 5 p m......Maudin's.....0:05 P mn 0 p m....Ar Easley Lv...:00 p mn 'lag 8tations. Il trains dailly except Sunday.r r>. 10 Connects with Southern Railway 88. . 9 Connects with Southern Railway 12. . 12 Connects with Southern Railway 11. . 1 I Connects with Southern Railway r4. rii'or any information apply to J. T. TAYLOR, (Onnnrai Mannenor.