The people's journal. (Pickens, S.C.) 1891-1903, March 23, 1899, Image 1
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:1- EOPLES
VOL O-NO. 9. PICKENS S. C., THURSDAY, MARCH 33, 1899. ONE DR
THID BATTl* OF COWPENS,
- Memorial Association Provides
Atir a Celebration of the American
Victory.
Gaffney Ledger,
Thd*executive comm'ttee of the Cow
pens Memorial Association have fixed
the 27th of May next as the day for
the celebration. The committee is
made up of enterprising and patriotic
men and they will do their part to.
wards'having a celebration worthy of
the glorious event which it will com
memorate. It will.be an occasion of
national importance and many men of
natiooal celebrity wilt honor it with
.their presence. While this is true, it
is also true that the complete success
of. the celebration wii depend in a
great measure on local interest and
spirit. If, the people of the Piedmont
region will actively support the com
mittee in their plans ati-eiforts there
-will be no douot of a grand success
which will-have far rr aching influences,
patriotic, material, morul and political.
It will attract the attention of the U.
S. Congress, widely advertise this part
of the counitry, allay political and sec
tional animosities, and stir the emo
tions of a common paitriotism all over
this broad land.
- This is'the second time in the history
of our couhtry that any general at
tempt has been mado to commemorate
the battle of Cowpens. In 1856 the
little monument that now stands on
the battle ground was erected by the
Washington Light Infantry, an his
torne military company of Charleston,
commanded at that time by Capt. L.
M.Hatch, whoafterwards was the gal
:lant corpmander of. Hatch's Battalion
ddring the great civil war.
Major flatch died only a few years
ago as his home on the E rench Broad,
near'Asheville, N. C. He brought hie
company4n 1856 by railroaa to Laurens
C. H., and frni that point the men
marched a o.- the country with their
baggage wagons and equipments in
true soldice fashion to- the battle
ground of Cowpens. - There the monu
- ment was erected under their auspices
in the presence of a vast concourse of
..people, with simple but Imposing cere
monies. bev. John G. Landrum had
previously been selected as the orator
of, the day, on account o( his having
been recommended to ihe company as
,being inore thoroughly conversant
with the history of the country than
-any one else that could bc found. We
have often heard the peecb of Mr.
Landrum on this occasion compliment
- , ed as one replete with information, pa
thos and power.. Thiero is good au
thority for stating that Dr. Thos. Cur
tie, who heard both, pronounced it
superior to Preston's great orattion at
King's Mountain.
A few years ago we had the privilege
of reading an account di the celebra
tion as given in -the Spartanburg Ex
-press in its issue of Mlay I.-t, 1856, from
which we infer that it was held in the
laster part of April of that year. In
that account it was stated that the
Rev. Dr. Gillman, chaplain of the com
pany,-made a few remarks appropriate
to the patriotic as weil as the sacred
solemnities in which the assemblage
was about to engage, read the 2Iot
chapter of Deuteronomy, and ofYered
up a most - fervid prayer. Then Hon.
W. D. Porter, State Senator from
Charleston, and former captain of the
company, who was-present. %a guest,
was called for and responded in a few
well-chosen and patriotic words. After
this the main speech of the day was
delivered by Mr. Landrum.
These ficts, meagre as they are, we
think will be of interest to many of our
readers, now that after forty-tnree
yoars the glorious memorics of Cow
pens are again revived, and a new gen
oration are moved by the spirit of their
sucestors.
The battle'of Cowpens was a wonder
and a mystery. No man has ever been
* .able to explain it on. any rational
theory. It violated every prirnciple of
military science, It mocked and tan.
talized .human foresight and wisdom,
it bade defiance to human reason and
** *philosophy. The victors were over
wh'imlred with surpriee and the van
quished were paralyzed wIth astonish
eont.- 'fareton himself in his me
*moirs, said it was inexplicable-one of
those things that will sometimes hap
*pen, and no man on earth can tell why.
- Morgan,. wicked and profane as he was
-at: .the .time, always -attributed his
victory to the direct power of God.
In his later years when he had become
religious,.. he told, some friends that
people thought during the war that
0ld Morgan was never afraid, but.the
-people dliu't know. Hie ad:led that on
bi~o-night boforethe battle of Cow pens,
when he became certain that Tarl eton
Would be on him the next morning, he
was unnerved add almost overpowered
with featr,' and fetthat nothing shortl
.of a miracle could save him. In such
-a condition, he said, in the dead hours
* of the night when the'men were all
-asleep, he woent out into the woods,
kneeled clown in a tree top .and
poured cdit -his soul: in .sueplidatjion to
te God of battles, lHe declared'to his
dng d1y-:thatgi~tenthat prayer he
strog~heed y soe dp~onatural
-power, and that he went into the battle
*.. ully assured of victory.
* 'he battle when judged by its actual
spagnitude was an insignificant affair,
one of -the most important battles ever
fought-on .this continent. It fired the
patriot with enthusiastic hope and
struck terror to the heart of the in
vader ; it destroyed British prestige,
vindicated American valor, and pro
claimed in thunder tones that the days
of the proud oppressor wer e numbered
and the or a of liberty and indepen
dence i'as dawning.
*What -wonderful cha~nges since that
cold winter day one hundred and nine
* teen years agot fHow much more did
Morgan and his heroes fight for than
they ever know I If the veil which
' hid the inture could have been lifted,
*- and the January sun, when he rose
that fateful morning, could have fiung
his searching beams down the track of
a hundred coming years, what a won
der-land he would have revealed to the
astonished gaze of' that little band of
tattered heroes who rose'from their
hard cold beds, to measure strength
with a stern, relentless, and hitherto
matchless fool How their hearts would
have leaiped in a wild ecstasy of 'joy
-and how their steady 'courage would
have caught the inspireation of a magic
power as their eyes behold the vision
whioh that'day in a large measure
hung upon their valor I-a vision of a
sun-bright land of liberty smiling in
prospority and covered with happy
homes and thriving towns, and allie
with the marvels of steam and.elec
triolty.
They have long ago passed from this
earth, thoso Titantic heroes that bat- 1
tied for their country's freedom in the f
woods of Cowpens. But the scene of
their sublime deeds remains. They
were Southern men, and as long as the
rivers flow Into the sea will Cowpons
be a memorial of Southern valor. Yet
they were Americans, too. And 8
though a deep, qark, bloody chasm I
yawns between this day and the day 0
that gave us Cowpens, lot that chasm L
be spanned by an arch of common
patriotism, and let. all unite in roviving
afresh the memory of deeds which
have made our country strong, pros
porous and glorious, and in hallowing
a place forever sacred to patriotism
and valor. t
a
EFFECTS OF TRAINING. d
The Influence of Surroundings Upon
the Habits and Destinies of Young t
People. t
Cities, States and nations are proud 9
of their distinguished sons; schools 9
and colleges publish lists of their
famous graduates to prove the value
of the instruction given them, and
elemontry schools never fail to men
tion the great men who were started
in life from their portals. The dis
tinction has been won by the men them
selves, but everybody associated with P
them in any way claims a share of the
honor. Nor are these claims wholly c
unreasonable. The course even of a
man of genius is largely determined
by his environment. If he qhould rise n
above the common level. t?1 resump
tion is that he had good ' . -.ning in or
out of school. The city or State that
sends forth great men may fairly be
p'esumed to have some features of so
cial life &r custoni favorable to- the de
velopment of genius.
A little town in Pennsylvania has 01
given birth to a number of eminent a
lawyers and politicians out of all pro- a]
portion to its population. It would tr
be interesting to trace, if possible, the
reasons for its eminence in this respect. P1
The- people who settled in this town c
were of a:sturdy and intelligent race; h
they established good- schools and it
became a custom in the community to
honor learning above anything else.
The youth who was born there in
herited a disposition toistudy and the a(
ability to acquire; provision was made a
for his- eduoadion and he was stimu
lated to effort by the traditions of his pf
birthplaco and the example of his pre
decesbors. This much is xnown, and
under these favorable influences a tI
large number of men distinguished t
in Stato and national life have grown
up in Bellefonte. to
No. very brod pokilusions can be th
drawn from this. 6t. similar observa- .
tions, -but it seems reasonable to con
clude that the inlluonces known as en
vironments may be favorable or un
favorable to the development of talent.
The effects of training have been fro- a
quently observed. A preparatory m
school gains a reputation because its
students are the honor men of colleges S,
and- universities ; the head master dies,
and Inthe course of time it loses its 14
reputation. We cannot affirm that it b(
has similar material- to. deal with, but
is
it appears to be similar and yet it do6s w
not meet with its old-time" success. It w
w
is a fair inference that the instruction is
given is not of the same quality. Its b
courses of study may remain the same,
but there is lacking the inspiration of
a real teacher. The pupils are no c
longer well grounded in their stucties C
and no longer distinguish themselves
in after life.
This, at least, seems to be a fair in.
ference, for when we turn to less com
plex problems of training, such as
than of the lower animalsc, we know t
beyond doubt that training counts for
almost as much as natural ability.
The pedigree of a horse counts for h
something, his training for a great
deal, and the jockey who rides him is
often the prime factor in a race. It isw
possible that the same factors deter
mine the course of a man, though it is
ditlicult for us to determine the factorsW
in his case. His pedigree is not care
fully kept,.or, If kept, Is not as easily el
measured as that of a horse ; of his va
training we can have little knowledge, v
so numerous are the influences brought
to bear upon him ; nor do we know b
anything about the impulses that ride
him 1like a jockey in Lbiu raqe. We may,
however, fairly infer that ~raining "
counts ifor something, and-th a it isu
therefore our duty to surround the
gi'owig bqy .or girl, with as many in-n
fluences .for. good as possible..
The seh'obil training shoqld be thor
Cugh, even though it should riot beocar
riod very fir. Deficiencies in that
respect may be maide up in after 'ife,
p rovided'atgood foundation has been b
lald: = ut above all, the hiome training
and tl~e trainlitig' of social life shogld
be na ade whblesome and -olovating.
-The diy' State or . nation' whlah has
done its duty in prornoting edu'cational
influences can be. justly pitoud of those
of Its sons who miaythavedistinguishod I
themselves ; so also the schools 'and c
collegcamafa'share in the honors won 0
by their ..graduates, provided theyb
have given.. sound training and proper
direcotion, to their pupils. -. The influ
ences .ef training are far-reaching, and, ;b
tifough' we may not be able to say just u
what they have been in determining
the course of an individual) we should
aim -at loet to .make tnem wholly t
sound and wholesome.b
GRATITUD.-" When I moot a man
who fought for his country," said Miss
Gushington, " I always feel that I am
in the presence of a hero and a bene
factor to whom 1 owe a pursonal debt
of gratitude.'-.
*You do me too much honor,'' re
plied the returned volunteer. " I did
no more than my .duty, and deserve no
higher praise than the man who re
mained at home and fullfilled his ob
ligations as a good citizen."
" Oh, ye s, you doti Think of the dan
gorou. were in when you followed
Gen. Sampson's Rough Riders up that
di'eadful hill at Man ila I4
--The iverage woman Is a firm be
liever in home rul. '
AN INSUIUANOE DICCISION.
Phe Supreme ,Oourt Deolares What A
is the Liability of a' Mutual In
surance Uorpany.
The Supreme Court has rendered an
mportant decision in an insurance M,
Pase, the opinion being giving given an
y Justice Pope. The case came up of
rom Sumter County, but the company w
s the Mutual Insurance Company of h
;reenvillc, whoso attorney is Ron, *
oseph A. McCullough. Mrs. Lona E. H
oye brought suit for recovory of $1,000
ace value of policy on property do
troyed by fire. In the policy it is fol
tated that this being a mutu-al- insur
nce company, the policyholders should
o governed by the by-laws of the con
ern. Mrp. Joyo allowed an assessment jus
o lapse. Before she could pay it and In
e reipstated her property was do- tlii
troyed .by fire. One of the by-laws thi
tated that in such a case the loss must
ct be paid. The supreme court sus- if'
ained the circuit court, which decided an
gainst Mrs. Joyo. a h
The opinion of the court was ren- sin
ered by Associato Justice Pope, and O
ras concur-ed in by the entire court. I
After stating the case and the objec- as
ions to the ruling of the circuit court, art
lie supreme court goes on to say:
"We have examined the case with dIp
reat care,. for while a contract for In- dno
urance is nothing but a contract be- ea
ween parties, in its last analysis, still ,
involves very nice care in giving a thr
roper construction, because of stipu- not
ktions outside of the paper embodying the
i general terms such contract. Here, wil
r instance, the policy of the company but
iakes reference to by-laws and the ap- M
lication of the insured for such insur
ace, although such by-law and appli- we
itions are .not recited in the policy, lidt
ence in order to determine what the t
)ntract between the parties actually not
ay be reference of necessity must be loo,
ad to those papers. Ed
"As the title given by law to the do- wit
indant is what is known as a mutual for
isurance company, to distinguish it so
om what is known as the old line or [
ock insurance companies, of course elst
ie of the features of the former is that
aWsons whose lives or property are hi- r
red -by it are members of the insur- day
ice companies, with a liability to con- tell
ibuto for.membership therein, and a tea
an of assessment of the members to wil
iver expenses and losses. and
"Now what is the particular contract our
?re in question ? It is that the plain- lid
ff agreed in her application for insur- sca
ice to be bound by the by-laws which had
ke defendant was by its charter eve
ithorized to prevcribe. The very etc
)licy issued sets forth: 'That the
nouit of loss is to be determined as wit
w charter and by-laws of this com- of
mny., By the written application of bet
e plaidtiff for membership an insur- wit
ice she stipulates: 'It is agreed that
&re Is no contract of insurance until
Q application is accepted and the boo
licy or certificate is issued, subject eoy
the conditions and ' 6tipulations h
erein contained.' The 2d section .of th
e charter of the company (see act ap- htie
oved December 22, 1894), is in these
rde: 'Such insurance to be for loss by as
o, wind or lightning, upon such terms
may be fixed by the by-laws of said eve
rporation.' Section 7 of the by-laws
akes it the duty of the secretary to Mai
itify policyholders of assessments.
3ction 11 provides that losses shall be the
4d by pr rata assessment. Section froi
provides that property insured shall T
liable to assessment until the policy on
cancelled. Section 19 is in these vol
ords: 'All assessments must be paid firs
ithin thirty days after written notice vol
mailed. If not paid the policy shall L
suspended, and be liable to assess- for
ent until cancelled. Suspended poll- of
es shall be reinstated without extra tolk
ist by assured paying back assess- eat
ents, provided that the property be at
the same condition as when sus-cx
nded.' -"
"Now, in this case at bar, the plain- ho
rr herself introduced testimony show- an
g that two assessments were unpaid, con
wit: One issued in December, 1896, h
id one issued 27th January, 1897; that
e secretary of the association notified a c
ir that her policy was susrionded for av
Ilure to pay assessments on the 27th ns
February, 1897. . Trhat her property is
as destroyed by fire on the 13th ofth
arch, 1898, and tbat, she did not for-gu
ard the money for the asacssments
at due until after the fire. So thattu
her own testimony she showed that the
io had violated her contract, which
olation, by the ternrs of said contr-act,
itiated her policy.wo
"But she attempts to show a waiver, as
y reason of her loss having been ad-Ca
lsted by an ollicea of the company, col
rerlook ing the fact that she had stip- am
lated in her proof of loss that 'the an
arnishing of this blank toassured, or s
taking up proofs by adjustor for comn- Na
any, is not to be~considered as a waiver a
any of the rights of the comp nany.' wil
"Again, it was suggested that the
resident of the company, by his letter asi
her dated April 22, 1898, had stated
iat her claim would be paid and there- No
y there was a waiver of the right to Ma
3gard her policy as vitiated by her Th
wvn act of failing to pay the assess- lhe
ente before the loss lby fir-e.al
"It is quite true oueh a letter was h
ritten -but <it .was followed by ontc
>mo time afterwarde denyt'ig. all
ability. There was no proof'that any
riange in the condition of plaintiff had I
rbon the result of the first letter of the me
resident. up
"The result of oar reflections upon to
1e matters set out in the brief covered wa
y the three exceptiens is that we are m
nable to see any reversible eri'or in fat
ie prdeir for von-suit-.~h
"It is ,the judgment :of this court cci
aa h ugetof the circuit court cai
no:
CASTORA on
For Infants andi Ohildren. 121
rho Kind You Have Always Bought i
Bears the
Signaturo of ? s~ 444'191
sti
eal
-Th le man who keeps an eye on the as
lue separating obstinacy from inde- D)e
endence will save himself a lot of eli
rnnhio. Se
AMONG THE FILIPINOS.
Woman's View of Matters at Ma
alia-Her Experience With Na
ives.
)ne of the few American women In
mnila is Mrs. 0. H. Nosier, of Spok
e, Washington, the courageous wife
L eutenant Nosier of company L,
o is now keeping house with her
eband at his post of duty. She had
ong journey across the Paciflo to
ing Kong, and back to the Philip.
tes.
Vrs. Nosier has written home the
lbwing interesting letter, which
res a woman's view of matters at
bnila'
Cddie (Lieutenant Nosier) and I have
t got back from the city. We live
the suburbs, as people do in some of
% many additions at home where it is
okly settled. But there are no
roe out here, only fruit stands, and,
ve want anything else we take a rig
1 go to the city for it, about one and
alf miles. We have had no rain
cc I came, although it has been
udy.
Ve are still eating with the oflicers,
the house isn't painted yet. They
so low here. This is a dreadful
ce to get anything in. They simply
't know what is meant by a cook
stove, the most necessary thing on
th. They use a kind of a fireplace
cook on. There are a few, two or
oo, steel ranges, not one-half, no,
one-quarter, as nice as mine, and
y want $125 for them. I would
lingly give $25 for a No. 6 stove,
there are simply none for love or
'icy.
Lftor riding around all afternoon,
found one little cook stove with two
i and an oven about a foot square
an American stove on high lega
:amper, and the price is $25. It
<s as if it bad been in use ten years.
is going to take an interpreter
h him tomorrow and try to get it
$10. I doubt if it will bake, but if
it is better than none at all.
is just tha same with everything
i. We tried everywhere to get
io silk thread to make my pongee
dress, bat could find none. Mon
morning we will have a Spanish
3her to come here to our house to
3h us and 18 of our bo3s. Saturday,
Ie we were at dinner, between 5:30
7 o'clock, some natives got into
house through the window and
ped themselves. We came in and
red them out, or we wouldn't have
L a taing left. They say they will
n take an old plate if they can't
LI anything else. They got away
i my revolver, knives, forks, and
one, six pair of new socks, ten yards
iow dross goods- some that I had
ght in Chlia-my little powder box
h the large pearl buttons in it.
lil's ring, all stick pins, letters and
is guns of E's best suit, my pocket
k-little money-check for $13 and
L'ral things. It makes mc wild
mn I think of it, but I am thankful
y took so little. Can't leave the
se day or night.
he insurgents Lave made no trouble
ret, but they are still armed, and
ry night before going to bed we lay
eything handy for a call during the
'it. I am the only American wo
i out this way, and for once am a
ng wonder. Every one stares and 1
natives laugh and look me over
n head to foot.
he boys thiuk they have the laugh
me now, and say I am the first
inteer to be disgraced, as I am the
L to be disarmed, because my re
ror was stolen.
,ast evening while I was waiting
Ed to come back from supper, one
,he boys came hurrying down and
I me to go up to the barracks and
, that they were expecting an attack
any minute. He was very much
ited, and said he should think I
ild be afraid to stay here in the
se alone. I went up to the barracks
found it almost deserted, as all the
ipanies had been sent out .to find
ir exact positions, so that in case of
a~ll they would know just were to
They didn't stay out long, how
r. Everything was put in readi
for an outbreak, the men were
ed an extra supply of ammunition,
band was also supplied, and the
rd doubled.
to came home and packed up my
ik and hamper and sent them up to
barracks, for if there was a call I
ldn'i. stay here in the house alone,
if I loft those thieving natives
ild steai everything we had. Just
we got packed Colonel Whooly and
>tIeAh: Moore called. I asked the
onol if hu expected trouble soon,
l he said we must be prep~ared for
rthing at any time, and added :
ou are a brave little woman, Mrs.
sler, to stay out here." But Tocd
I I dIon't think that the insurgente
1 attempt to take Manila.
aast night after we were all sound
cop, we had to get up and dress.
o orderly called : " LIeutenant
sl'r, report to your captain at once."
ybe yon think we didn't dress fast.
e colonel sent for me to come to
idquarters and stay. The company
turned out, but didn't go far, when
ay were ordered back, and all went
bed again. Such is army life.
CARlLY RISING.-A t Hawarden one
rning Dorothy Drew refused to get
When all other means had failed
coax her out of bed, Mr. Gladstone
s cal led. " Why don't you get up,
child ?" lie asked. " Why, grand
her, dildn't you tell mee to do what
13ilblo says?'' asked D~orothy. "Yes,
~tainly." " Well, it disapproves of
'ly rising ; says it's a waste of time."
.Gladstone knew hie Bible better
n miost men, but lie was not equal
Dorothy. Leor once in his life he was
rpiussed. " You listen, then," went
Dorothy in reply to his exclamatIon
astonishment, and turnicg up her
ble, she read the second verse of the
th Psalm, laying great emphasis on
3 first words, " It is vain for you to
e up early."
-Aluminum is found combined with
other mnincrals, anud hence con
tutes a large part of the crust of the
eth.
-The birth of a boy with two tongues
d no brains is reported from South
~kota. The Macon Telegraph ex
umes: " What a fine United States
nator he will makn."
TRUSTS AN INJURY TO SOCIETY
Senator Chandler Wants to Sav
the Republican Party firom Theli
Domination.
Hon. Wm. E. Chandler, U.S. Sonator
from New Hampshire, has boon ex.
pressing his views against trusts very
freely for a Republican, and in a ro.
cent issue of the Now York World hc
gives the reasons for his denunciation
of these gigantio monopolies as fol
lows:
My recent statements concerning
trusts were incidentally mado and
were not expressed with completo ac
curacy. My ideas are these:
That the growth of trusts in this
country is destroying all incentives to
individual onterprise and putting all
power, industrially, in the hands of
the multi-miilionaires.
Ingenious and industrious mon of
moderate means, whether manufac
turers or traders, are being crushed
out by the enormous monopolies. The
brightest and best business men in the
country are rapidly being forced to
become more salaried employees of
corporations with immense capital.
The effect of such an industrial system
is deterioration in society as a w hole.
The Influonces of such aggregations
are not only powerful industrially but
omnipotent politically. Those onor
mous combinations of capital control
the politics of the country, nominate
the candidates, then furnish the means
to carry the elections, and later direct
all legislation, Stato and national,
and dominate the use of all executivo
power.
The principal notion I have Is that
this condition of affaire should not be
allowed to destroy the Republican
party. To preserve that party and
give a national victory in 10U0, doubt
less under the lead of President Mc
Kinley, is my great desire.
Yet I fear that we shall not get such
a victory if the party does not, prompt
ly take ground in Stato and national
conventions against the enormous
trusts and monopolies that are now
being formed in every direction and in
connection with every great industry.
The Financial Chronicle, as well as
The World, recently published an
estimate of the size of the new trusts,
the capital of which amounts to more
than one thousand millions of dollars.
Although the men who con'.rol these
trusts are principally Republicans, the
great mass of Republican voters are
not in favor of the now system under
which aggregated wealth handled by
a few men undertakes to destroy indi
vidual enterprise.
Therefore proper appeals made to
bhe great body of the Republicans
:f the country will prevent the Re
publican party from being placed In
the attitude in which the Democrats
are endeavoring to place It-of sub
jugation to the trusts-while the De
mocratic party Is loudly promising to
liberate society from the domination of
monopolies.
Making such appeals, it now seems
to me, should be the Immediate work
)f the Republicans who wish for suc
msso in 1000. The Republican party
ihould oppose trusts by all feasible
neasures of State and national logis
ation. By promising and endeavoring
o do this President McKinley and his
)arty will secure an easy victory in
000.
Our only danger will arise from
allure to take the popular ground on
his overpowei ing question.
The desire which I have to give to
;he Republican party a great victory
n the coming Presidential election
A ill doubtless not be shared by The
World, which I assume desires the do
'eat of the Republican party and the
success of the opposition.
Nevertheless The World should re
alize that the Republican party is not
to be given ever without a struggle to
the control of trusts and monopolies,
nor to the domination of the money
power.
The many are to govern in this
country rather tban the few, and they
are more likely to govern through the
agency of the Republican party than
through a political organization made
up of the disorganized Democracy and
the demoralized Populists.
How TILLMAN GOT H11s Barns.
[n the closing session of the peniten
tiary investigating committee the testi
mony revealed the fact that the~ro is
an unpaid claim for 12,000 brick fur
iished to Senator Tillmnan in 189)5 by
she penitentiary. The facts brought
mut are about as follows :
In July, 1895, Senator Tillman was
>uilding at Trenton and was in need of
ome brick. In an offhand way he said
~o Col. Neal, who, with Col. Lipscomo,
was operating a brick yard for- which
the State furnished convict labor, the
two parties to the contract sharing
brick and brick alike, that he w ished ho
would ship him a car load to Trenton.
In the same conversation about brick
and his need for 12,000 of them, accord
ing to Col. Lipscomb's recollection of
the story as narrated by Col. Neal,
Senator Tillman's mind seemed to
dOwellupon the ingratItude of republics,
for not much sooner had he ordered
the shipment than he said . " I have
been going to Clembon an'd Wintbr-op
colleges as trustee and now I am 'going
to ask .tho Legislature for remunera
tion." The brick were shipped to the
Senator at the reqluest of Col. Neal
and Col. Llpscomb took the privilegn
of sending a bill along with them. No
answer was received to the bill. Col.
Lipscomb then mentioned the matter
to Col. Neal, who said " just charge
the brick to the penitentiary account."
They were so charged ; the peniten
tiary paid for them, but has never col
lected from Senator Tillman. From
the testimony no effort has been madle
to do so and the item was not oven
carried on the penitentiary books as an
asset.
-The Standard Oil company has 10
active gas wells -at lola, Kas., one of
which produces 10,000,009 cubIc foot o f
gas daily.
-Boston now boasts the biggest grain
elevator in the world. It can load ves
sels at the rate of 46,000 bushels of
wheat per hour.
You rub the painful surface with Alli
gator Lininent, it is abhsorbd~ anid p'eno
trates to the root of the comp1jlaint arnd the
pain is gone. We guarantco it or money
back. nl eer awaee,
TAKING OF THE CENSUS.
The Proliminary Work Is Already
liegun-The Policy to be Pursued,
Ex:Governor Merriam, of Minnesota,
is in charge of the census to be taken
in 1900, and the policy that will govern
the task has boon outlined in an official
statement made to the Associated
Press. Director Merriam has gone to
his home in Minnesota, and during his
absence for a short time there will be
no consideration of appointments, and
it will be at least thirty days before an
other selection of a staff officer is made,
with the probable exception of Prof.
Henry Gannett, of Washington, as
geographer. This is in accordance
with a decision of the director that in
his absenco no promises~of of oflce nor
assurances nor encouragomonts for any
will be given. Several of the ollicials
already selected have qualified, and
the activo prelimninary work will begin
at onoo. The statement of policy
follows:
AE to thc prospectivo appointments
to ollico, the service of no more stalf
offiors can be utiliad at present and
there will be no (1etove selected within
thirty days. Prof. Henry Gannett, the
well known geographer of the geolog
lcal survey, who was the political and
statistical geographer of the last con
sus, hani boon asked to take chargo of
the same wark for the coming census
and if the geological survey is willing
to sparo him sullielently to undertake
this work he will be entrusted with it
and given an absolutely free hand.
Until the schedules com back to the
ollic fron the enumerators in July,
1900, there will be no clerks wantol
savo such a sniall skolton force as will
be necessary to take care of the corres.
pondence and oilice work proliminary
to the taking of the consus.
When the schedulcs come back there
will be a large force of employes ap
pointed. All applications for 0111c
will receive consideration, and a large
number already have befen received
andl(] placed oi file.
While the impression has gono
ab.oad that the census is to be a refuge
for incompetency, the truth and the
actual facts are that all applicants will
be subjected to examination befora ap
pointmnlt, which will be as rigid as
the examination before the civil Per
vice commission. No political influence
will be sulicient to put an employee on
the census pay rolls of whose compe
tency to do the work assigned him the
director Is not satislied in advance.
And, furthermore, If any employee is
found to be imcomi.etent on trial such
employce will be discharged regard
less of his or her political backing.
The examination of employees wili be
directed, not so much for the testing
of tAr genural information and capac
ty as it will be to their litness for the
work to bo done, us for examplo, no
person who cannot writo or spell satis
factory wi!I be appointed, nor calculat
orS wino can not calculate.
istrativo ollicers are selected, there
must be 300 supervisors appointed and
in their selection consultation will be
had with Sontators and Reprosentativos
in the respective States. It may be
announced also that Senators and Rep
resentatIves who do not, bolong to the
Republicln party will receivo tile same
fair treatm ut along thk line that is
given Republicans. Those supervisors
will be appointed by the Proesident and
confirmed by the Senate. None of
these as now contemplated are to be
recess appointments, but the list will
be ready for submission to the Senate
at the opening of the next session.
Tole supervisors in turn will appoint
-0.0000 enumerators to do the actual
work throughout the country, but the
list of appointments of enumerators
first must have the approval of the
director of the census. Afiter approval
they will be immedIately furnished the
necessary blanks and instructions.
This will be no small task. Assuming
the p~opulation of tihe United States at
thIs time to be, in round numnbers, 90,
000,000 people1, there' must, b) 400,000
shooets issued for the population sched
ules alone. Adding to these the other
schedules there will have to be in the
aggrognte not less than 500,000 suchl
sheets in prilnted form lssued. All
this mass of paper will be manufac
tured and printed without delay, in
counting the population every indI
vidual will be represented by a sepa
rate beard and there will have to be
manufactured and printed not less than
100,000,000 of these cards.
TLhe prob~ability is that a system of
machine calculating which admits of
counting facts in combination and
which worked so well in the last eon
sus will be adopted for that of 1900.
The office will have to select from the
various devices the most satisfactory
and a'eufficiont number to do the work
must then be manufvctured. The work
will be pushed with all p)ossiblo speed
consistent with accuracy and every
etort made to avold dragging the workI
along unnecessarily.
Taken all in all, the complete number
of appointments thlat will be made in
the course of the JonsHus will be over
.15,000. Thosodincludos 18 or 20 staff of
ficers, 300o supervIsors, '40,000 enumera
tors, and about 3,000 clerks and other
emp jloycos here.
A D)IAMoNI) 110AI.-Strange as it
may appecar, there Is a roadway near
KImberly, in South A frica, which is
literally a bed of dilamonds. The de
brIe from the mines has been thrown
outside ol theo city walls In enormous
(quantities, and for the last eight years
has been utllized for macadamizing
the road f rom Kimberly to the dIamond
threw many of the miners out of work,
it occurred totecity council to as
sign a smail sectIon of this diamond
road to each one, for him to wash it
over and see if he could find any dia
monds of value. The only condition imC
pos5 -d was that he was to put stone ma
cidanm wherever he removed the other.
OwIng to the industry of the minems
and the Introduction of new procesos,
each yard of the road yielded from
$3,000 to $5,000 worth of diamonds.
There they foulnd and are still finding
dIamond bearing debris of a market
value of one hundred, two hundred and
even three hundred thousand dollars
to its workers. It is no exaggeration,
then, to speak of this as the only road
of diamonds In the world, a more royal
roadway than ever king or queen rode
nnon.
A D T.UA ON
The Cubans area
rese Under A-ioa
William Willard Howiud 4640 ' Z1
manager of the Cuba Industruf -:j JV
fund, of New York, ha p#Ased th
Jacksonville on his .way home Won
Cuba. He goes North to pwobas0
agricultural implements and Asdo fdf',
the use of the industrial relief stIo 04e
which he has just established
Guines, Cuba. Mr. Howard said:
"The condition of Cuba, so far as ny
observations have gone, is really worse
than it was this time last year, when 1
made my first investigations. In the
rural districts little has been done to
restore the island to its normal condi
tion. The fields ure vacant, and the
farmers idle. The people still remain
In the towns and cIties, where army
rations are Issued to them. They can
not return to their abandoned farms
because they have nothing to return
with.
"Our government has 'done, and is
doing nothing to enable farmers to re
sumo the cultivation of their lands.
All that it pretends to do is to distrib
uto rations through local committeAq
of Cubans. Governor General Brooke
and the officers under him, realize
keenly the condition of things, but
they cannot give any assistance except
food. Ours is not a paternal govern
mont.
"The condition of the widows and
orphans of Cuba is heartrending.
There are thousands upon thousands of
those poor creatures scattered o@er the
island. They have neither homes to
live in, food to cat, nor clothes to cover
them. One cannot think of their fM.
ure without a shudder. I am espe
cially concerned for the poor little or
phan girls, who roam the streets,
scantily clad, asking for a bit of food
with which to keep their little bodies
and souls together. What will become
of theso girls ? Their future, for good
or for evil, lies with the people of the
United States.
"Among these widows and orphans I
have as lately as last week seen Indi
vidlual cases of destitution and physical
emancipat'on worse than anything -
that i saw in Armenia during the two
years that I gave to Armenian relief
work. And to have these wrecks of
humanity stand and look up to the
Stars and Stripes waving over their
city hall, gives one a queer sensation.
The generous American people surely
cannot understand the condition of
Cuba, or those poor people would be
taken care of.
"I do not spusk of the sick, the in
firn or of those who hobble about, cov
ored with loathsome sores, resulting
from starvation. I cannot speak of
them, for the English language is In
adequato to the task. They should
have been cared for in hospitals long
months ago. Why it has not been done
I cannot understand.
"The condition of Cuba is a reproach
to the American people, and a blot
upon civilization. We are going to do
something to Improve that condition,
and we invite all loiers of humanity in
the United Statee to help us, for the
good name of the American flag. Our
fag should mean something to those
homeless, helpless orphans and desti
tuto country people. Money for these
orphans or for our industrial relief
work should be sent to the Continental
Trust Company, 30 Broad street, New
York city, "I'or the Cuban Industrial
Itolief Fund."
THu NIORo IN Tl'lE FACTORY.-Two
years ago the cotton factory at Char
eston was launched upon the experi
ment of negro labor in the cotton mill.
Last week it was sold, and was bought
in by President Montgomery, of the Pa
colet and Spartan mills at Spartanburg,
who purposes to continue the experi
mernt with negro help. President
Montgomery tells the Charleston News
and Courier:
" About the only thing I have to say
is that I have bought the property for
myself and associates and will operate
it with negro labor. I believe the en
terprise will prove successful. We
could not use negro labor in the mills
In the up-country, and I would not
think of attempting such a move, but
the conditions in Charleston are pecu
liarly adapted to the step. I said four
years ago that I thought the mil here
could be made to pay if negroes were
put in to op~eratoe it. Of course, we
will have white superintendents and
white overseers, but the roetine work
will be performed by negroes."
Commenting on this statement, the
Atlanta Journal says :
" It is noticeable that Mr. Montgom
ery says this kind of labor would not
suit the Spartan and Pacolet mills,
"here more complicated machinery is
used, and fner goods are produced.
This points to the emplboment of no
gre labor in producing the coarser cot
ton goods. White labor must then
take a steop upward by developing more
skill. This shows the wisdom of this
State in adding a textile department
to the Gieorgial Institute of Technology.
The white operatives of the South
must prepare to enter the field of om
petition with New England in the pro
duction of finer fabrics. If the intro
duction of negro labor into the mills
shall have the effect of hastening this
development of the higher grades of
textile industry in'the South it will
not be a bad thing for the white race.''
WiIAT IT CosT.x-In our war with
Spain we had 329) soldiers killed in
battle ; 125 died of wounds and 5,2?? of
disease ; a total loss of 5,'731. Thic is a
much heavier loss than most persons
are aware of. The news of each vic
tory on land and sea told of the remark
ably small number of our soldiera and
sailors who were even struck and
hence the general impression that few
lives were sacrificed. When we loolk
on a death roll that goes up to nearly
o,000 we realize that the war was a
much more serious thing than we h~a4
supposed. The deaths from Filipino
bulIlets and the poison of the. Philippine
climate are not included in the figures
given above. The death roll is length
ened over there every day and thie
most dreaded season is just setting in.
Compared to the loss of thousands of
lives the money expouided'in he war
with Spain ia of small ininortance but
it makes an item of $500,006,00b in
round numhbes