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VOLUME XXXI COOPERATIVE STORES HAVE POOR SYSTEM Usually Benefit a Community in an Indirect Way Say Experts PRINCIPLE RIGHT BUT BUSINESS METHOD POOR Result of a Survey of Sixty Cooperative Stores Recently Made. While cooperative stores in the United States are relatively unsuccessful as compared with typical cooperative stores in European, countries, the lack of success is not due to the failure of the underlying principles of such enterprises to hold good in America, hut to the business methods generally followed in such undertakings in this country. This conclusion has been reached as a result of a survey of CO cooperative stores made by the Office of Markets and Rural Organization of the department, the findings of which are published in Bulletin 394. In the many American cooperative stores which have failed, mismanagement, inadequate accounting and auditing, lack of cooperation, poor business methods, and lack of judgment are responsible. The results of the survey indicated that the cooperative store has tended to bring about lower prices, smaller margins of profit, more efficient business methods, and other practices beneficial to the farmer. Higher figures are quoted frequently for produce sold by farmers, in communities in which cooperative stores exist, because of a stimulation of the local market. With the application of efficient 1 : u.. J. i ii - .1 . ? uusuicsfi meiiiuus ana me euucauon of the farmer to a clear understanding of the functions of cooperative stores, say the authors of the bulletin, American cooperative stores may be made successful. Instances are cited of unusual savings and large dividends to members of various associations. Such associations procure capable managers, it is pointed out, by paying adequate salaries; take advantage of large-scale purchasing and cash discounts; main* tain proper accounts and cost records; and watch stock turnovers. The cooperative store in general, it is pointed out, has very great possibilities in this country if the farmer can be made to understand this necessary relation of efficiency to financial success. The more general, underlying conditions which investigations indicated should be present if a cooperative store is tobe successful are: (1) Good leadership among the members and prospective members, (2) capable management, (3) favorable environment, with regard both to physical location and to social or occupational affiliations, and (4) adequate legal safeguards. The leader snip snouid not be confined to one individual, the severing of whose con nection with the enterprise might prove disastrous, but should consist in an efficient organization in which a group of leaders takes part. Only a man of good general business ability should be placed in active management of the store. The securing of such a man will involve the payment of a higher salary than is paid by most of the stores investigated. The average salary of the manager for the enterprisees reporting was $i06 a month. InCtartie of. the most suecessfu' coopej-^ve j stores investigated the nop ^ploy^nt of many of the residents of, the;community or their common membership in social, fraternal, or religious associations was an important factir making for success. Laws granting special privileges and creating special safeguard^ fpr cooperative a>ao4iatfons now e^s^in 30 (3tMM. Persona can-, templating the organization of eenperativc stores are urged by tbe do <Ehc "HOF C ROUMANIANS RETIRE BEFORE THEIR FOES i Forces Still in Retreat as Teutons Press Invasion of Country. The Roumanian army at last reports was still falling back all along t the line east of Bucharest from the Transylvania Alps to the Danube. Just where it will stop and face about and with its Russian allies make a stand against the Teutonic allies has not yet become apparent. On the Moldavian west frontier and farther north along the Bukowina border the Russian attacks against the Austro-German forces have failed to make any impression. An official communication from Berlin says Bucharest was captured without any fighting except by the Roumanian infantry north and west of the capital. This resistance was quick ly overcome, it is stated, and the invaders entered the town from all j sides, being received enthusiastically ! bv the populace and dceorated with flowers. Aside from Roumania the greatest interest still is centered in the political crisis in Great Britain. David | Lloyd-George has formally accepted from the king the post of prime minister and first lord of the treas| ury, a fact which is considered as indictating he will be able speedily to form a ministry. The probable makeup of the cabinet has not yet been announced. On . none of the fronts are saneuinarv b?ttlf?K ir? nrftoroec flia ? ? f ? "4 t.Midmost part the artillery is doing the greater portion of the work. Berlin reports that the Bulgarians have forced back the British in the Struma river and lowlands near Seres, in I Macedonia, and that the Bplgariap^1 land Germans hkve compelled the! j evacuation by the Serbs o? positions they had previously captured 'near Tarnovo, in the Cerna river sector. West of Lutsk, in Volhynia, the Teutonic allies have captured Russian positions and successfully withstood counterattacks. The Vienna war office reports that the Italians after a vigorous bornI bardment launched two attacks on the Carso front of the Austro-Italian theatre, but that both of them were repulsed. I Artillery duels and exploits by raiding parties continue on the fronts in Belgium and France. The Germans and French are engaged in a spirited artillery battle in the region of Hill 804, northwest of Verdun, where the Germans Wednesday gained some ground. An explanation of the military activity of the Greeks has been demand ed by the British, French, Italian and Russian ministers at Athens, according to an unofficial dispatch. o MRS. A. S. GREGG DEAD Florence, Dec. 5?Special: Mrs. A. Stewart Gregg, an aged and much beloved lady of this city, died Saturday at the home of her son, Mr. D. S. Gregg, 208 West Pine street. Mrs. Gregg suffered a stroke of paralysis seme months ago and that was the direct cause of her death. Mrs. Gregg was a devout Christian and was well known and most highly esteemed. She leaves in addition to her aged husband, nine grown children, as follows: Marion T. Gregg, Walter B. Gregg, D. Frank Gregg, Dick S. Gregg, and Mrs. C. L. Smith, Mrs. J. J. McCall, Mrs. Thomas B. Anderson, Mrs. Victor A. Purvis and Miss Ellie Gregg, all of whom reside in or near this city, excepting D. F. Gregg, who now resides at Conway. The funeral services were held from the Gregg home in West Pine ( street at 2:30 o'clock, conducted by the Rev. Richard T. Gillespie, pastor of the First Presbyterian church,; near Claussen, the old burying; rround of tthe Gregg family, and laid to rest in the presence of a great concourse of relatives and friends. The grave was covered with many beautiful flowers. turtment's specialists to ^afffefuiy all these factors befoie ing definite steps. Wimx IKY COUNTY AND HER PEOPLE, 1 ON WAY, S. 0., THURSDAY, DI KINGSTON HOTEL HAS NEW MANAGER1 S. C. Richardson last week became the new manager of the Kingston Hotel, the former proprietor, G. Marshall Nance having resigned the position and moved with his family back to their old home at Mullins, S. C. Mr. Richardson was formerly the manager of the Waccamaw Hotel on the corner of Main Street and 3rd Avenue. IS FOUND DYING 1 NEAR HIS HOME Dying of stab wounds, one of which penetrated the heart, John Blizard, a young married man employed in the Glencoe mills, Columbia, S. C., was found lying in the gutter last Saturday near his home, 521 Green street, and died two hours later in the Columbia hospital. He could speak only with difficulty, but when asked who was his assailant he gave a name which was understood as "Will Turnage." A man of that name, who drives a garbage wagon for the city street department, is under arrest. Nick Norman, a boy neighbor,! found the wounded man. W. E. Fulmer, M. D., who lives a few blocks east of the scene, arrived shortly afterward and a little later came also Drs F. W. Butler and H. H. Baggott, city physicians. Blizzard was taken to his home and thence to the hospital. He was questioned in the ambulance. "Will Turnage cut me for nothing.'' he is said to have asserted to Policeman R. E. Lee, M. C. Sligh, T. M. Tallon and E. M. Lancaster. Turnage Admits Stabbing, j Turnage was arrested shortly after midnight at <60^ Huger street, hlw hftnm nf UtJ !???. TJ ,f.v w?a?v WA a*?a I/I vvil^irill'iaYT f n* | L Williams. Capt. Irby, . Detective | Shorter and Policeman <Sligh entered the house. Turnage was asked on arrival at police headquarters wheth er he had cut Blizzard. "Yes," he said. Then Capt. Irby said, "Well, Will, you did a good job; you killed him." Turnage said nothing. After ward he asked whether he could see1 the body. His full name, he said, is Will Martin Turnage. Questioned by policeman and others, Turnage said that early in the evening Blizzard came to the Williams home and asked for Mrs. Turn age. Mrs. Williams told him Mrs. Turnage was not there but Turnage was. Turnage, according to his story told at headquarters, came out and addressed Blizzard: "What will you have?" "Blizzard wanted to know if my wife was going to work Monday. I said, 'You ought to know.' Blizzard was whittling on a stick. He drew his knife on me and then I cut him twice. When I cut - I ' him he told me to 'wait a minute.' My knife broke at the second cut. Blizzard ran up the hill." It is about ' two and a half blocks from where I Turnage says he stabbed Blizzard to the spot where Blizzard was found. Turnage was entirely self possessed. Carried Pay Envelopes. Mrs. Blizzard said that her husband left home about 6 o'clock, taking with him his pay envelope and her's. Later in the evening, it is . said, he was in the store of George Norman, a neighborhood . grocery around the corner, at 812 Huger street. Only 75 cents was in his j clothes when he was found. Neigh-1 bors said they saw Turnage in the Norman store early in the evening. Policemen spread over the district after the discovery of the affair and closely questioned everybody they found. Turnage is said to be a na-1 tive of the Jacobs section in Rich-1 land county. | John Blizzard was a son of Arthur Blizzard, a railroad man. He! leaves his wife, formerly Miss Leila Browder, and three children, Eloise Woodrow and John, Jr. His brothers are Robert, Arthur and William Blizzard and his sisters, Mrs. Ella Miles of Hamlet, N. C., and Mrs. Henrietta Haithcock, Mrs. Maggie Price and Mrs. Lizzie Gladden, all of I Columbia. Mr. Blizzard was about ^80 years of age. Internal hemorrhage from the heart wound was the WtySc of death. I J) p c i FIRST, LAST. NOW AND FOREVER SCEMBER 14, 1916. negro employee killed in woods There was an accident in the timber woods of the Conway Lumber Company last Saturday. F. Scott, a colored hand employed in switching one of the timber trains was mashed causing internal injuries. Arrangements were made to< bring him to Conway where he might receive quick attention, but the man was dead when the conveyance reached here with him. 1 case~postponeT to another date The case of the State against Edgar Gore and others charged with snooting live stock in a warrant brought by W. L.. Edge, was called for hearing before Magistrate W. H. Chestnut here last Thursday; but it developed that the magistrate was related to the defendants and he was disqualified to hear the testimony. The case was transferred lo Magistrate J. J. King to hold a preliminary hearing in the matter on January 18th, 1917. SERVICESTONIGHT AT EPISCOPAL CHURCH I The Rev. John S. Lightbourn, of Georgetown, will conduct divine services at St. Paul's Episcopal church tonight (Dec. 14) at 7:f>0 o'clock. The public is cor*dially invited to attend. PR06RAM OF THE PEE BEE UNION ' The Pee Dee Union* * will convene with the Rehoboth ? Baptist church, Dec. 29-31st, 1916. 11:00 a. m.?Introductory Sermon by Rev. E. L. Owens ' Query 1?The Preachers Prayer Life. 1? Query 2?Christian Stewardship, assigned to Rev. W. J. Wilder. I Query 3?What is Meant by Good Works in the New Testament to D. L. Hill. Query 4?What Constitutes an Ortherdox Church to J. T. McCracken. Query 5?Who is Responsible for the Poor Paid Preacher, the Pastor or the People ? assigned to Rev. E. L. Owens. | Preaching Saturday at 12:00 m. by | H. B. Roberts. | Missionary Sermon Sunday 11:00 ' ? ... U.. T\ T TTill <>. in. uy u. Lj. mil. Written Reports on Aged Ministers and Foreign Missions continued from last Union with same assignments. A. H. Prince, L. I). Holt, J. C. Barnhill, COMMITTEE. NEW "SUPERTANKS" USED BY GERMANS One of the most interesting features of the Roumanian campaign from a German standpoint has been the spectacular work of the nev I **iuivreu uuiomooue evolved soot | after the advent of the British "tanks" on the Somme front, but which the developments in Roumani? have shown to he a vast improvemen> i efficiency over the Briitsh machines FORCED TO RETREAT. Petrograd.?In the province of Wallachia, says the Russian officia statement issued today, the Rou manian troops under unceasing hos tile pressure continue to retire to the eastward. In consequence of this, i' is added, Russian troops who are o* the left flank of the Roumanians also are retiring. o ???? Country Merchants. Also merchants in town. Let qt print you your crop mortgages fo) 1917 on the best form which we havr been furnishing to merchants for the past several years. raid. ft PLAN TO REMOVE ' MALARIA SCOURGE Type in Colleton County Said to Be Worse Than Yellow Fever. Columbia, Dec. 8.?Strenuous effort will be made by the State Board of health to stamp out the hemor- ; rhagic type of malaria in Colleton ' county. Seventeen deaths were reported to the board from Brovton tow. ship, in Colleton, during the months of July, August and Septem- ; her. The type of malaria is differ- ! ent from what they have ever had 1 in that community. It is known as the hemorrhagic typo, or "yellow chills." The disease resembles yel- < [low fever and an expert is required to differentiate between the diseases It is far more deadly Iran yehow p??.. 1?JV C I . The situation in Brextcn township will be called to the attention of the board of health by James A. Haync, ' M. 1)., State health officer, at the ' meeting to bo held in Columbia, December 1. Dr. Ilayne will recommend that a commission be appointed to visit the township. The commission will examine all persons in I the township and will take steps to improve the malarial conditions. "1 will urge the Legislature," said Dr. Hayne, "to enact a law requiring corporations employing imported labor to see that each employee re ceives a propholactic dose of quinine daily so that the malarial parasites may be driven out of the peripheral circulation, and thus these laborers will not infect the anophlees mosquitoes, the sole carriers of malaria and the community will be protected wher6 these laborers are at work." THEFT OF CLOTH WAS UNEXPLAINED I | Recently the Conway Trading | Company had a bolt of white velvet 1 corduroy in its store on Main Street, and this was missed from the store. It was fine goods and was evidently taken away by some theil entering the store and taking it out while the salesmen were not in that end .of the building. ft was stated that the thief would likely be discovered. ROUMANIANS MAKE REMARKABLE MOVE In another desperate attempt to ward off the attack on Bucharest, the Roumanians executed another remarkable and seemingly impossible strategic move. Their army, which had been facing troops advancing upon Bucharest from the sonthwo?t "h! wcsf, was suddenly turned sc.uarely toward the "Danube army" n the south, thus exposing themselvs to a disastrous flank attack. The Roumanian army which hid nen retreating pell mell from the northwest, suddenly stopped and \ gan an attack in a direction nearly northward, thus cxp^irg itself to an attack in the rear by German troops j marching due eastward. The result was that another Roumanian army numbering about iou. divisions was left in a kind of rul do sac almost due west of Bucharest, between two German forces and threat ened from behind by a third. The maneuver was a surprise to the Germans because it apparently rendered the nositinn r?f ull - , ...... ? nil vt A VW Ct III ct 11 1 il 11 aimies utterly untenable for any length of time and laid them onen to destruction. REPORT SOME GAINS. Petrograd.?Russian troops on the northern Roumanian front attacked the Teutonic forces in the Putna valley region yesterday and dislodged them from two heights, the office announces. They took SQlO' prisoners, including ten officers; six , machine guns, two bomb mortars and one cannon. * n ' , ."3 yjA * * X0. 34 SCARE SOON OVER EVERYBODY SATISFIED School Trustees Were Opposed to Closing School Last Week STATE HEALTH BOARD SENDS REPRESENTATIVE Town Council Was Also Involved in Controversy. About Diptlieria. Trouble arose last week when it was reported that diptheria had developed in one family in Conway from which children were attending the llnrroiiffhe ?injjii k.n.tn/(M. 1I1C1C was another case of the disease in town for which place however there was no communication with the school. Various reports pot into circulation about the danger of children in the school contracting the disease. When the matter was taken up by the town board of health they made an investigation and recommended that the school be closed for about two weeks in. order that the building i...gut oo fumigated and all danger of an epidemic avoided. The town council took up the case and in substance voted to sustain the ruling of the board of health by having the school closed long enough to thoroughly clear the school building of ..11 i - an gcruis una open the school again on the following Monday. The school trustees were opposed to closing the school. As a result of this contention a joint meeting of ' -r the town council, the board of health, and board of trustees was called for Tuesday night of last week, and at this meeting the matter was thoroughly threshed out, and it was agreed to leave the matter to the State board of health . The State board sent a representative here who investigated the matter on Wednesday and he recommended that the school rooms be re fumigated and the building closed down until Monday morning. While there was a case of diptheria in the town, there was no general epidemic of the. disease and prompt measures taken to quarantine the case resulted in getting the scare over in a day. The matter has been thouroughly controlled and everybody is satisfied. SHIEL?NI SHADOW m mo a or urui nuvio Hnc ncif The Shielding Shadow, the latest moving picture serial produced by the Pathe Exchange, wlil be furnished in right new films and will be bound to be enjoyed by all who start in with it and keep up with the intensely interesting story as it progresses. When you read this story or see the pictures at the Pastime theater, you may know that you are reading and seeing something that is new and strictly up-to-the-minute. The whole world is looking for some thing new, then pin your faith to th^ latest no matter if it is only a story or a picture that you are concerned with. Read the synopsis of the first enisode appearing in this issue. See the first one or else you will not be able to judge the story and the show as a whole. o BOY GOES WILD IN NEGRO SECTION George McCray, a colored yMitli'/ got mad about some appaVdhtly 'IHiaginary trouble last Sunda^ and proceeded to cause no little fright among other members of his race. He tried to shoot several of them but his pistol failed to fire. He then went to his house and got a gun. Finally to #as overpowered. and 'lodged Tn tto guard house for trial *iV Monday. The cause cf his frenzy was not explained.