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' OUR OPPORTUNITY AND OUR RESPONSIBILITYj ? i START NOW TO PREPARE FOR THE WAR'S DEMAND ON NEXT YEAR'S CROPS. BEEF, BACON. ANB BBEAD Although There is No Certainty as to Duration of the European War, Still It Is Sure That Next Year This Country Will l*e World's Storehouse (By Douglas Malcolm,?International Harvcs t e r Com pan y.) If ever America puts its hand to tlie plow in its effort to feed the world, it has assumed that responsibility now. Not since the harrowing days following our own strife of the sixties have the tillable acres of this country faced such a possible drain upon their bountifulness. Without even diml> prophesying the duration of the var now raging, wo r.ro - ' assured of the fact that next year this country wiil bo the storehouse of the world. Every farm owner, every tenant and every share-worker will have his part to play in fulfilling this great responsibility. No matter how remote his residence, he will hear Europe's call for beef, bacon and bread, and on the amount he has to sell will depend not only his satisfaction of having served his fellow men but the additional satisfaction of having served himself; for big crops, much stock, many hogs next year will mean big profits. It is thus that the American farmer begins his fall work with two strings to his bow. With one hand he is rescuing the perishing and with the other he is reaching out for tangible encouragement toward a bank account and a better home. Now is the Time to Start. Now is his opportunity, and this month is the time to lay his foundation. There are two lines along which 1J i- t-;_ i ti. iic .Niuuiu woi'K ins pian. r irst, no should utilize every available part of his land, and second, he should strive to raise the average yield per acre. There will be no danger of over-production for the crops sown this fall. The man who has a big yield will find a big market. But to get this yield means a better kind of farming. Nov, would be a good time to break away from some old fashioned ideas about the moon; from some other old-fashioned ways of shallow plowing; and some old-fashioned theories in regard to seeding . In those parts of the country which do Fall plowing and Fall seeding, the way the seed bed is made and the way the .sowing is done this Fall, will determine the/crop per acre next year more jthan next year's rainfall, hot winds or frosts. .In an experiment not long ago described by F. L. Peterson of the University Farm at Davis, California, he says: "As the pressure for supplies becomes greater, it becomes more evident that the world cannot afford large farms skimmed over with careless culture. In an actual experiment a gain of 200 per cent which was mane in Hie productiveness ot a certain area, 100 per cent was found to be due to better plowing and harrowing, 60 per cent to better cultivation and the rest to better seed." A lesson or two like that in every community would soon work its way into farm operation in such a way that several costly practices sanctioned by time and custom would become in a short time as historical as cradling wheat and threshing it with a frail now are. The great economic law which makes a man's land profitable is not sc much the price he gets for his produce as it is the difference between this price and the amount spent in producing this produce. The above experiment was apropos of the tractor?a mechanical way of plowing, and of disking?a mechanical way of massaging the land, so to speak, and of drilling?a mechanical way of sowing the seed. In the cost of raising a crop, just as in the cost of making carpets, shoes or wagons, hand power and animal power cannot compete with mechanical power. The mechanically prepared seed bed not only costs less in its preparation but it gives forth more in its harvest. The War Wil Make Horses Too Costly to Keep. Oats and oil are in the throes of a little war of their own just the same as the human back once combattecl with the reaper knife. This strife is fast becoming more acute because the already high price of horses is being accentuated every day by the number ^ being sold out of the country for cav% airy mounts to be used abroad. ') he drain upon the American horse supply will soon be such that whercvc r possible mechanical contrivances will be used to do their work. Were we to begin at once, it will require I've years or more to replenish the drain which the war h:as already made upon the horse supply of the world. The 1 United States Government Depart- > ment of Agriculture has estimated < that it costs $75 to $80 per year to J keep a horse, and in a study of horse utility for a period covering six years it was found that he averaged only s 0.14 hours of work per day as his con- i tribution to lessening the high cost of s living. In contrast with this it was i found that he ate up the entire yield < of one out of every five.acres which he 1 helped to cultivate. It has been shown i too for every hour he worked it cost ( about sixteen cents; whereas, a full i hourse-power hour can be delivered 1 by a high-grade oil engine for only i two cents per hour, in both cases, in- 1 a. i. r.. _ i e I _ii . lurrst, i nei, iuo(i unci depreciation no- < ing* included. Again, in plowing a i team of horses can plow only about { two acres per day. In doing this they t travel sixteen miles, which is a good \ days pull for horses with a load. A 1 small tractor, on the other hand?the ? kind which costs less than six horses 1 ?weighs less than six and with a ca* < parity of doing the work of twelve? J will plow fully that much in an hour 1 or so. It will, furthermore, plow < it deeper and keep it up twenty-four < hours each day until the work is com- < pleted without feeding, resting, or c growing thin. White it would not be 1 wise to dispose of brood mares and 1 blooded stock to satisfy the foreign 1 buyers, in the end, perhaps, the in- <creased prices which their purchases will undoubtedly bring about will be * beneficial in forcing thousands of 1 farmers to adopt a newer and more economical form of power. 1 ."Everyone who cultivates 100 acres 1 >r more is a candidate for a share in he millions of dollars which the coun- I .ry-widc adoption of this method of c dowing will ultimately save. c Insuring the Crop in Advance. J After plowing, the first duty of a v nan is to guarantee the work by prop * r cultivation and disking. Without 0 lelving into the chemistry of plant I1 iife->too deeply, the growth of a plant a s determined by the proper pre par- ^ tion both in the soil and out of it, of a air, water and certain salt compounds. s Rainfall, sunlight and air in conjunc a ion with tVin cnil ~ a .. v?iv uvji iiwi c a r\ lldl 1\ U1 US" ^enabling these elements in such u way a chat the plant grows; or failing to ? assemble them in such a way that the a plant fails to develop. Nature has ^ irovided for this intermixture of ele- s nents for a limited time and plant ^ ' ife will go on without much outside interferrence, but, like so many othei forms of natural activity, it is possible for human intelligence to greacly p increase the effectiveness of nature's work. The disk harrow is one of the leading nature aiders in farming, it i? said that,rightly used it does more to increase crop profits than any other ^ farm implements made; one of the ^ easiest to obtain; simple to run; will ^ stand much hard work and lasts a i i , a long time. It is so inexpensive thr.* , f used on a fair-sized field, it will so increase the production that it soon pays for itself. In certain parts cf ^ che United States, a farm without a isk harrow or two is as curious a ught as a farm without a wagon, nut in other parts, it is still on the thros- u hold of universal use. 1? TT a ? * - . ... Atniig ngrunomisi at the Missouri Agricultural Expcvinient Station, says: "In my opinion, j, nd that of everybody connected with p ho crop and soil work cf this insti- C( vUtion, the disk harrow is one of'tlv. -> jest implements which can be used on a ny farm. In early-plowed land and ; in fall-plowed land, there is generally s a crust, and many clods form before p torn planting time. One of the brst j, mplements which we have found for > pulverizing these is the disk harrow. ( On sod land it is nearly imposible to 0 make a good seed bed without the use e of the disk." s To the bumper crop farmer, the t skilled agriculturist, so to speak, plow t ing is merely the rough work of get- c ting ready to plant. He puts the rinishing touches on with other machines just as the sandpaper follows the plane in finishing woodwork. f Professor Daniel Scoates of the A;<- j ricultural and Mechanical College of < Mississippi, says: "The disk harrow's t special duty is to take the soil after , the plow has done its work and put j on the finishing touches. The result of these touches act in different ways under as many different circumstances If the land receives a heavy rainfall, the disk allows the soil to take up larger quantities 01 tnis moisture than could be obtained under the form er condition. Then the absorption of this water has not only the benefit of' storing up moisture for the future use of the plants, but by allowing the water to soak into the ground, it prevents to a certain extent, the surface washing of the land. Further, the disking of the surface gives still an1 other advantage in that it forms a | mulch which breaks up the effect of what is known as capillarity, thus causing the rapid evaporation to ' cease and saving ity the moisture stored in the soil." I What these men have to say in re' gard to the value of the disk as a crop factor is emphasized by every experimental department work along farm i ines. Their official O. K. confirms vhat thousands of farmers have prov?d. Seeding Helps Make the Other Crops Secure. Xfter the seed bed is in a condition satisfactory for the proper developuent of the seed, the next important ?tcp is to sure that the seed iisown just right. It is only within re rent years that definite, decisive tests lave made between sowing will \ drill and sowing broadcast, but sc >ne-sided have been the \arious test* ii regard to these two methods that jroadepsting is fast being numbere? imong the many old methods whicl farmers are now discarding. Broad casting requires more seed, and yet t produces a smaller crop of low*, jrade grain. The reason for this is ;hat the seed thus sown is not distributed evenly over the ground. It does lot at all start from an even depth lor does it begin germinating uni'ormly. By the use of an ordinary Irill even without the more modern attachments, the seed is deposited in ino, slightly compact, moist soil, all ri it at a uniform depth. It is thus arefully covered by the cover chains >r press wheels, it all has anr even 'hance of germinating, and all the jrain will tend to ripen at the sanu ime. It requires, furthermore, much ess seed to get a good stand with a Irill than by broadcasting. Proper disking and proper sowing ire the best ways to help nature give i good crop. There is very little more ixpense in doing it right than in doing t wrong, and the returns are much greater. The handwriting on the wall P ilainly visible and we should prepare mrselves to meet the crisis before the risis meets us. It tneans much, and ret, all that we can do is to do all that ve can with the exercise of care and hrift. Our work begins this Fall in ur plowing and seeding, and our op?ortunity to help will come next year ,t our harvesting and selling. We iave more at stake than our profits, Ithough our profits will be a goodly take. We have at stake our supremcy, our agricultural leadership and bove this, towering over everything nd stifling our selfish hope of gain, r our commercial instincts, is our bility and willingness to fill the pitiu 1 hands which we know will be tretched out to us from the devasted, wasted fields across the seas. fILL STORE COTTON IN PEOPLE'S WAREHOUSE lans Are Laid to Store Cotton and Give Receipts. As will appear by reference to' an dvertisement in this issue of the j>aerf the People's Brick Tobaccd Wareouse will be opened on September Gth for the purpose of storing cotton, leorge L. Marsh will be in charge nd cotton warehouse certificates will e issued. Full details of the plan for taking are of the cotton will be published ext week. FIRED OFF PISTOL. l"as Arrested by the Authorities and Fined Last Tuesday. Irvin Singleton of the Pee Dee secion was in Conway last Monday durig the time that the farmers were ere in numbers attending the tobac[> sales. There was some little troule between Single to nund the Marsh1 in the afternoon. After advising im to go home, the Marshal went on omcwhere else. A little later SingBton pulled out a pistol while walkng along the street between the Nicholas corner and the Johnson resam'flnt. jinrl witKnnf an\r iiiat "uhqa ?V?. Ml. VJ M?B\? If BVIIVUV ?%?IJ JVBOt VttMOV r provocation so far as could be learn d, went to filling the dirt of the treet with bullets. He was taken ino custody by the marshal and brought o trial on Tuesday morning for dis rderly conduct on the streets. Kan Into Automobile* Last Monday morning as the 'reight train was going out along Vlain Street, Dr. J. S. Dusenbury was coming down the street meeting the ;rain, while Archie Sasser on a bicy:le was. going along on the opposite side of the train. Just as the trair passed Sasser he crossed over the track in front of Dr. Dusenbury anr there was almost a collision with ser ious consequences. As it was the bi cycle struck one of the fenders an< bent it out of shape. The rider of th; bicycle was unhurt. Both partioi were frightened considerably by the incident. (HAS. K. SCARBOROUGH, Conway, S. C VVa(i>pu/ni*l/ci llntmn ^wii?|r?v?v f? u?>vi f? ui i*o> lIUIITA tor and Hot Air Heating Plants INSTALLED ANYWHERE Only Plu MnR and Heating goods ani material of highest quality used. Full line of Tub, Toilet, Lavator Sink and other Bathroom Accessoiie and repairs on hand at all times. Plumbing and Heating PIT WATER AND HEAT IN YOUR HOES! ' 1. | REDUCTION MUST COME. Less Cotton Should Be Planted to Save Day. To the Editor of The State: We are very much .nterestcd in your "buy-a-bale of cotton" movement?especially in the plan of spreading it to the North ami West creditors. Your movement is a most important immediate relief step but the next vital step is the reduction of cotton acreage for 1915. This, in our opinion, is even more important than the "buy-a-bale" movement and should be simultaneous with it. That is, every farmer from whom cotton is bought on the above plan I should be pledged then and there to ret lute his 1915 crop at least 50 per cent. Also every farmer to whom credit is extended or to whom money '* is loaned should be pledged likewise and this pledge attached to his note. This notes should be made to fall due in May or June, 1915, right when his crop is growing?and the note of every farmer keeping his pledge < should be extended until December, 1915, and those who had not kept, their pledges should be forced to pay, ' even if such enforcement send such farmers to the "poor house" or the insane asyiiim. We must reducb the'* 1915 crop if we want our work to amount to anything. Assuring you of. our cooperation in this important i work. Harry R. Wilkins, | Greenville, Sept. 10, 1914. BlTT TWO CUTS MADE IN SOUTH CAROLINA. LiU'-. Pee Dee and Lumber River? anJ Orangeburg-Charleston Projects Suffer. The senate committee on commerce last week finished its work revising the river and harbor bill for the present year. There is a total cut of almost $20,000,000 but it was stated by Senator Fletcher, chairman of the committee, that another bill would be passed in March, 1915, which will take care of all existing projects and which may also provide for a number , of new ones. The only cuts which this committee ! made in the South Carolina items | were to eliminate tne appropriation of $20,000 for Little Pee Dee and Lumber rivers and $35,000 for the waterway from Orangeburg to Charleston. The Horr WILL HC N pr ON THE PLEASANT A] COI TUESDAY, WED October 1 i FINE EXHIBITS OF? Agr ( . Domestic Science, . i ELABORATE EXHIBP i Assured by the Liberal I ? iums Offered. 1 ___________ EVERTHING TO EN' SPECTACULAR FREE A , THE FAIREST OF A You Will Miss it and Regret it il EVERY DAY A HUM A FA Watch the Newspapers Tor \m The I d j L. H.BURROUGHS, 8 TO OIVK MY L ..K \ f'v,. ' '-VY * li 4?- - U GERMANS STILL GOING, MAKE RAPID RETREAT. t The Beginning of This Week Saw Great Change in French Situation. War ' news the early part of this week showed that the war situation in Franco1 had considerably changed in the course of a week by reason of the rapid retreat of the German army. The German army, which a week ago commenced a series of violent attempts to break through the French f AlinJ f hniu n fVnvf e fnfil a a a/1 VV- t4 w * f I. VM11VI V11V. li VII VI WO I UtllV) Ullll evacuating Vitry-Lc-Francois, the piv ot of their offensive, and where they had fortified already strong natural positions, they retired northward. This retirement was made imperative by the continued retreat of the German right wing, which was somewhere northwest of Kheims, and the defeat, of an army corps, which was operating just east of Vitry-Le-Franc'bjfe* around Revigny and Sevn\-..zs and which, in its hurry to join the retirement, left a quantity of war ma iorial behind for the French to pick rip. ofacial statement issued says: "The German retreat is rapid. The pursuit is vigorous. The ' Germans have abandoned niany "mortars." 1 Another official communication sued,- says: "First. On ourVleft wing the general retreat of the Germans cbnitinucs before the French and British to ? s v\vho luive reached the lower course of the Ainse. i v "Second. Likewise in the centre the German armies are retreating. We have crossed the Marne between Fpernay and Vitry. On our right wing the enemy in like manner has begun a retiring movement, abandoning the region around Nancy. We have occupied Luneville." Cotton Meeting llelo. Charlotte, N. C.r Sept. 12.?A mass meeting of farmers, business men and others of Mecklenburg was held in the court house here last Saturday morning to discuss the cotton situation. The out-standing feature of this meeting was a resolution which was passed unanimously asking Governor Craig of North Carolina to call a special session of the Legislature to enact such measures as would tend to relieve the situation. ... y County Fa >LD ITS SECOND ai: STD COMMODIOUS GROUNDS OF T1 NWAY. S' NESDAY, THURSDAY AND FRIDA 13, 14,15, iculture, Floriculture, Horticulture Mac Woman's Work, Dairy, Live Stock, 1 1 4" TS ? FAM Prem- AttVa v Hung PERTAIN?Makes This a Week of Edi TTRACTIONS?The Best Obtainable iLL FAIRS EVERYBODY GOES?V r you don't. If you want to know all a Secretary for a Premium List and Pre MEIi?And Delightful Crowds will Fill IRJVVRSTMEKT, A VISIT TO TMI5 I I uniiuements of Special Features. Get Secretary and Make Your Arrangement PIS. c.v n \ V A Si* QVAUTKa TO SER THIS GRli* J I , ' n * ?' ? ITEMS FROM GEORGETOWN After having such warm weather it has turned cool and pleasant. There was a party given by Mifi Maggie Crib!) last Wednesday night. Those present wc:e as follows: Mis^? Hattic and Lizzie Sanders, Helen Anesworth, Lillie Roberts, Fancy L?^j? Nellie Cribb, Ella Bourne, Mary Birch and Messrs. Paul King, Eddie Rawles, Belton Dusenbury, Donie Duscnbury, Ollie Young, Malcolm Bellam, Luther Roberts, Robert Richardsen, Elma Webster, Itobie Bourn and 4 Herbert Loyal. , Mr. and Mrs. Joe Williamson have ~ returned home after spending some ^ time with their relatives and friends at Long's and Loris R. F. D. No. 2. Miss Lillie Roberts gave a party last Friday riisrht for her cousin. Miss Fancy Lbe of Lorls, S. C. A large crowd was present Miss Fancy Lee of Loris, S. C., R. F. D. No. 2, and her cousin, Mr. Malcolm Uellamy. of Long's, S. C., arc, i spending some time with relatives v and friends in Georgetown. Miss Vcrnie McElvene of Georgetown is visiting her cousin at Hemingway, S. C. Miss Julia Rose, of Georgetown, is spending some time at Andrews. Miss Lizzie Sanders of Georgetown has returned home after spending some time at Summerville. Miss Gertrude Wiggins has returner after spending some time at Savannah, Ga. TRANS-ATLANTIC SHIPS ALMOST 1IACK TO NORMAL. Arrivals and Departures at New York Nu merous. New York, Sept. 12.?Arrivals and departures of trans-Atlantic ships 1 day were almost as frequent as though war was not in progress in Europe. Nearly 4,000 passengers most of them American refugees, reached here from British, French and Italian ports. Frederick It. Coudcrt, a lawyer of international repute, was a. passenger on the France, from Havre. In Parte Mr. C'oudert registered his automobile at the American ambassy, flew the American flag and started oni a tour through districts where fighting was in progress. He was present at the battle of Amiens. ? r iir Ass'n I ANNUAL I 11 HK ASSOCIATION AT 1 c. Y 16, 1914 *. hinerv, Manufacturers, Apiary, Poultry, Fine Arts. OUS FAST FLYERS ^ cted by the Big Purses W Up I 1 neation and Enjoyment. I for Our Patrons Pleasure. I /Iiv ivovrw i' * rn i l IUIK bout This BIG FAIR write to the gram. the Grounds Each Day. I 5 FAIR I a Projrram and Premium List of s to Attend. I H SCARBOROUGH, SEC. I iT fair mm