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TELLING THEN i II? :: _ . ym. iPhotograpli by Frank Fourmer, Staff 1 Each star is grown And holds a bl Where freedom stiri Lifo casts its fa ALL SHA RE IN GLORY 1 Lesser Known Signers of the lm- J mortal Declaration. * t SHOULD NOT BE FORGOTTEN * i t JThelr Courage and Faith Deserves * Recognition Along With Those f Whose Names Are Now House- ?4k hold Words In the Nation. r ? F THE flfty-aix men who j signed the Declaration of s ^?^rW Independence, but a scant \ dozen attained immortality l 1L ?Thomas Jefferson, John < Hancock, Richard Henry j ** Lee, John Adams, Benja- ] min Franklin and a few x others. But what about Josiah Bart- ( lett, Thomas McKean, Charles Carroll, ] Robert iMorris, George Taylor, Edward 1 Rutledge, John Hart, Francis Lewis, * Button Gwinnett and a score of oth- j < ers? I j Fifty of those fifty-six men were 1 present during the discussion and i 1 adoption of the Declaration, and, as! ] delegates to the continental congress, 1 were essential factors in its ultimate j ratification. The other six, elected members of congress later, neverthe- 1 less took part in the general move- ? ment by signifying themselves in fa- ' vor of it, and were allowed to sign. 1 Thomas Jefferson, as the author of < the Declaration, attained a lasting, fame, as did John Hancock, president of the continental congress. Ail Bravely Did Their Chare. But of the men who stand outside of that ring of immortality much can be 1 said. If Je;T* rson, Hancock and Loe J were g n nis, the others were at the same time essential to the Dor-hirst inn They, us much as the otlu rs, affixed their names to what was at that time nil extremely dangerous durum at. They, as well as the others, hurried their bridges behind them and tool< .their stand firmly uprn their convic-1 tion. It required the signatures of recognized delegates from each of the, 13 states to make the Declaration of Independence complete. ; If the veil of 138 years could be lifted and those days lived over again, it ;would be interesting to see with what emotions those men among men took the stand for independence. It would be inspiring to hear the tone in which j each gave his answer when called upon to vote for or against the ratification of that which was to give this country its freedom. Hut it would Jbave been even more dramatic to have ;hovered near the desk on which the Declaration lay and watched each man as he came forward and affixed his signature ? lasting testimonial to the World, and Great Britain, especially, of the courage for and faith in thG new country these men were creating. The precise hour of the day of the adoption of the Declaration of Independence is not determinable from records. It is known, however, that run gress entered upon direct consideration of the question on the first of July, 177G, by voting to resolve itself Into a committee of the whole to consider the resolution introduced by Richard Henry I^ee, and to refer the draft of the Declaration to this committee. It was Richard Henry Dee's resolution that ran: "That these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent states." Adopting the Resolution. Benjamin Harrison of Virginia was chosen chairman of the committee. After a discussion lasting the entire day the resolution was adopted. The committee then resumed its standing as a congress, and President Hancock received Mr. Harrison's report. It was then voted to postpone action on the resolution until the following day. This course of procedure was carried cut, and bo the second of July la the i ?MB? I THE STORY, |\ M ':< . , *? ?'..".,:v : micJm 9k/ \ ^hotoRrnpher. a talisman, essing and a hope; s the heart of man lirest horoscope. *eal Independence day. The resolution idopted, congress again resolved it*elf into a committee of the whole, "to jonsider draft of a Declaration of Iniependence, or the form of announcing he fact to the world." The consideraion continued throughout the third ind fourth, it being on the evening of he latter day that the committee irose. President Hancock resumed he chair, and Chairman Harrison re)orted that the draft had been agreed lpon. It was then adopted by congress. , The draft was ordered on the 19th >f July to be engrossed, and on August ! the engrossed copy was signed by >0 members. George Wythe signed ibout August 27, Richard Henry Lee, Slbridge Gerry and Oliver Wolcott in September, Matthew Thornton the folowing November, and Thomas McLean even later, probably in 1781. Such is the account of the signing as ecognized in an official history of the Declaration, despite the fact that, in ecordlng the happening of the Fourth )f July, Jefferson himself said: "The Declaration was reported by the comnittee, agreed to by the house, and signed by every member present except Mr. Dickinson." The journal giving the record of the congress states ihat It was "Signed by order and in behalf of congress.. John Hancock, president. Attest: Charles Thomson, secretary." First Celebration. The first celebration of the event was Thursday, July 8, 177G, in tno state house grounds, Philadelphia, where every eye could gaze upon tho bell that proclaimed liberty throughout the world. The Declaration itself was read to a largo gathering of peo ! le by John Nixon. The king's arms were taken down in the courtroom in Lho state house, and in the evening there were bonfires and great demon at rations of joy. In a letter John Adams wrote to Samuel Chase on the ninth, he thus describes the occasion. This letter is now in the possession of the Massachusetts Historical society: "You will see by this post that the river is past, and the bridge cut away. The Declaration was yesterday published and proclaimed from that awful stage, in the state house yard, by whom, do you think? By the committee A safety, tlie committee of Inspection and a great crowd of people. Three cheers rended the welkin. The battalions paraded on the common and gave us the feu de joy, notwithstanding the scarcity of powder. The bells rang all day, and almost all night. Even the cliimers chimed away. " in the evening our late king's coat of arms was brought from the hall, in the state house, where the said king's courts were formerly held, and burned amidst the acclamations of a uruwu ui spectators. OUT OF SIGHT. ' ^ "Looking for a balloon, my boy?" "No, sir; Eddie lit seven cannon crackers hero an hour ago, an' I'm waitin' for him to come down." It isn't always the firecracker with the longest fuse that makes the most noise. THE GLORIOUS FOURTH. Hero ft Is. the "Fourth" ag'ln! Sake* alive, how time does spin! Don't seem like -t's ?lx:y year 8tnee I first begun to hear All the loiul. tarnation noise We stirred up when we was boya. All of us a-wlshin* powder Was lots cheaper and lots loudcrl Recollect with what delight Used to be up half the night Ilelpln* fire the anvil or Makin' other sounds of war? Used to wish the earth was drilled Out Inside and powder-filled. And that I could somehow just Touch her off and hear her bu'stt Weren't no cnnnon-crack^rs then, Kind o* wish th had n-boen? Then they would 'a* soumlod sweet; Now they lift mo oft my Ret. i ve iH'Bim to ip.jniv mat noise Was invent*' 1 just for boys. Fourth o' .Inly don't seem to me 'T all like what it used to bo. Jvrt as patriotic, still Somehow I don't catch the thrill Of the loud, tumultuous joy T.Ike I used to when a boy. Nothlu' doln' then but 1 Had a flinter in the pie; But that finger, as you see, Clot blowed off eventually. ?Nixon Waterman in Sunday Magazine. y i Our j $ Independence I i s y i By MARGARET E. SANGSTFR $ l?\ *L I sometimes wonder whether we prize as we ought the great boon of independence under our flag. Once in a while I hear women assert with emphasis that whoever else may be free they certainly are not so, and that they never will be so until they have the ballot This special problem of voting or not voting does not concern you and me when we look at our position and compare it with that of the women of other lands. For many reasons thoughtful women are coming round to the belief that they ought to have the I ballot. Others, however, equally thoughtful, take an opposite view, and until a majority can agree that they desire to have a share in nominating and electing those who carry on our government everything will remain very much as it is at present. Surely we have little of which to rnmnloln at this hour. The independence which I is the special boast and pride of Americans and which moves us all to demonstration when the Fourth of July returns is as precious to women as to men, blesses their home lives and con' veys to ttem a great many privileges. 1 Ask thv. ordinary child who Is the most important person in the family ^3? A V? EC r agS ^-r c'" %?T 1 -f) _WL.1I ' ninifK r ,:'r7.< /> <5 TV ;; J- V> A A-/ ?? 3?-"- ,/ &** * r ^ u^v/Tj. : r-\"V- V i? d*,-T - ; >(Ay>> .iv . ?>-' ; ? v r %. > ' & - 'v.' * !: . ' V. .. ' : V . . P^Sssp Independence Hall. and the answer is usually "Why mother, of course." Ask an American husband to name the power behind the throne in liis home, and ho replies without hesitation: "My wife." When Abraham Lincoln was nominated for the presidency ho said to the group around him: "There Is a little woman at home, who will be glad to hear this." It is the little woman at homo who sends the husband forth day by day to his fields of endeavor; it is she for whom he toils, and it is she whose ideals Insensibly become his. The little woman at homo molds her boys and girls into whatevei shape ah6 pleases. Why not? God and mother have the children flrsl before any other influenco can toucb their lives. If our women are ab sorbed in trivlalties, if they care lit tie about honor, duty or conscience, il they are vain and consider dress anc luxury as more Important than educa tion and piety, if they scorn simplic ity and put the emphasis of conduol on show, they cannot help dragging down the men. Pew men have high er standards than the women neares' them, mothers, wives, sisters anc daughters. If our country is to do 1 ~ I 9 ? 4 - 1 14 1 11 w X3 ui *3 IU 1UVC3 1L I08S and think more of amassing wealtt than of standing together as our fore fathers did, for virtue and freedom tho blame must be laid at the door oi our women. Women should be pa triotic. Napoleon condensed a greal truth into a single word when he salt in reply to the question: "What does France most need?" He said, tersely "Mothers." We are on tho eve of another Inde pendence day. In my early girlhood the Fourth of July was hailed witli enthusiasm by old and young. Children walked in procession behind soldiers, nnd oands of music tc the town hall or a grove, or soro y Mher designated place, and here eve?yb?dy sang patriotic songs and everybody listened while a j:dge, a tsiulsWr, or It might be the governor of the state, read the Declaration ot Independence. Tue ore.tor of tre day, in flowery sentences, reminded us of our history, of our pledges to the world and of our grand opportunities. He did not torget to tell is of the growing splendor of our galaxy of states, of our rivers, our mountain ranges, our mines j rich in coal or copper or silver, of our ! groat fields from which the granaries j of the wide earth could be supplied, 1 . end of the bravery of the men who fought under Washington. One and all wo revered John Hancock and the other signers of the Declaration, and the thought of that gallant group of gentlemen who took their fate in their i hands when they met in Philadelphia in 177G, made every young heart beat j faster. The little girls wore white dresses with sashes and shoulder knots of red and blue ribbon, and the boys wore white trousers and blue jackets with gilt buttons, and had silk badges and rosettes o? red, white and blue pinned on their breasts. There were salutes, there was a good deal of j noise, there was the crackling of tor! pedocs, and, too, there was the snap, ping of firecrackers, but nobody mindj ed the clamor. Everybody in these j days tries to get away from the noise, i and it is very much the fashion to de- j : plore it and declare it crude, barbaric I and foolish thus to celebrate the glo- , ; rious Fourth. When I was a girl we . did not mind being in the very heart j of the noise, and 1 can remember. well that the old people of that day enjoyed it all as merrily as their juniors did. We may be patriotic without indulging in dangerous explosives and with- ( out investing in casualties that so j often have marred our celebration of Independence day. What I deprecate is an obvious in- j difference on the part of too many, women to pride in their country and love of the flag. There are so many other attractions, there is so much else to be done, and life is so inter- j estingly complex that we do not take the trouble to Instil Into the children ! an adoration for the soil and n strong determination always to stand firmly for their banner of stars. Sir WnltA* Scott wrote thrillingly: TAvps th^re a rrmr> net po dead Who never to hlmselt 1iath,#<ahl. This Is my own. my native "land? Should we visit Europe today we would find the highlander and the lowlander Intensely devoted to the mountains and glens and rushing ' streams of Scotland; we would find the Englishman proud of his moors and fens and citfft, so that let him go i where he may to always looks back to England and thinks of It as home with m capital letter. We would find the peasantry of France, of Hungary and fiohemla proud o? their long descent, and everywhere around the globe we should Vseover the same impulse on the part of man in love to the lanci of his birth. We, for our part, have become at once so cosmopolitan and so prosperous that we are less spontaneous and less enthusiastic than other nations are in caring : about our hallowed anniversaries. TIere is a field of legitimate endeavor which women may cultivate in j their bringing up of children and in their influence upon men in general. > Fourth of July exercises in the pub-j lie schools, the recitation of poems! and ballads which have a national significance, music at home, and most of all, some knowledge of what our country stands for. will aid the children as they take their first, steps toward fu-1 ture citizenship. Wo need not say "our country, right or wrong," b it we; may well say our country and tiro? Y*i (r]> t WA ??v% y-.t- , * ?v. iau n<j wo nava much to learn, we are still a young nation, but we are growing and going forward, and the world itself Is knock.; ing at our door. A great work of assimilation is progressing under our flag. Our independence bought with a great price Is a heritage which, I i repeat, we should prize as our most precious possession. i . i POOR RESULT. ; ra^n1 | c The Envious One?Humph! If I'd t had a whole dollar to spend I'd a' I blowed myself up worser'n that! ) Sane Fourth Desired. 1 By slow degrees we are getting away from the belligerent spirit en, kindled during our independence strugf gle. For more than a eenturv wo woro - accustomed to burn tons and tons of I t gunpowder on every glorious anniver-! 1 sary of that day when we declared our? selves free and independent of King , George and his tyrannical rule and at ever) repetition of our furious joy we blew off fingers, hands, noses and ears with a patriotic disregard of consei quenees. We have not entirely rei formed our Fourth, but we are reform? ing it. WITH THE SAME I^f^S Mm WW jf If Stri f.:;.V?;V^ :. *? -" % w~ ri""i- 'V.*S\Y ISfil Photograph by I'rnnk Fournier, St a ft' PI mmm ? Celebration of Nation's Birth Proper Time for Rejoicing. u ftl J< JOHN ADAMS' HOPE REALIZED h p : h Great Statesman Predicted That the ^ Day Would Be Observed Always as a Time for Demonstrations of Thankfulness ar.d Joy. ! ^ v. ^ HE letter has become his- , g toric, that one in which f\i John Adams predicts the j n AfU, com^n8 celebration of the j e fourth July. "I am j Vy apt to believe," he wrote, M ^JjTStc f "that it (the clay) will bo c ftti celebrated by succeeding j 81 * generations as the great anniversary festival. It a ought to be commemorated as the day {J of deliverance, by solemn acts of u devotion to God Almighty. It ought to bo solemnized with pomp and parade, j-j with show^game3, sports, guns, bells, n bonfires illuminations, from one p end of this continent to the other, ^ from this time forevermore." j His prediction has become so true (1 that now we seek to curtail the bom- n bast of the day as a rank overgrowth ^ not foreseen by our forefathers. A y proud, glad time, the nation's birth- a day; a time, not for unworthy and injurious celebration, but for renewal of e loyal citizenship, and for private re- n joicing in the privilege of American ^ citizenship. ; u The first celebration by congress of1 ri the Fourth has been preserved to us t, in a letter to his daughter penned by t that same splendiii old John Adams. e "Yesterday being the anniversary of n American Independence, was cele- Cl brated here \Vith the festivity anil c ceremony becoming the occasion. I \\ am too old to delight in pretty descrlp- g tions, if I had a talent for them, otherwise a picture might be drawn which would please the fancy of a Whig, at least. The thought of taking any no- (| tico of this day was not conceived un- { til the third. It. was loo late to have 1 a sermon, as everyone wished, so this ^ must be deferred to another year. ,j Congress d< ten.lined to adjourn over ( that day, and to dine together. The' ^ general ofilcars and ot.ii rs In town (j were Jnvl; d, after the president <?! . council and board of war of this state. Celebrations on the .Ships. j "In the morning the Delaware frig^ \ ? * uuv;, stJVUi'iW JlirgC gclllCyS, UJKl OtllfiF j, continental armed vessels, galleys and ^ guard-boats were hauled olf in tho river, and several of them beautifully ^ dressed in the colors of all nations ^ displayed about the masts, yards and rigging. At one o'clock the ships were1 all manned; that is, the men were all ordered aloft and arranged upon the j topyards and shrouds, making a slriking appearanco of companies of men drawn up in order in the air." ^ He tells how he went on board with ^ tho president and the marine commit- ^ tee. Each armed vessel fired 3 3 salutes, then the galleys and gunboats. He describes much shouting and huzzaing "in a manner which gave ^ great joy to every friend of this country, and the utmost terror and diemay to every lurking Tory." Dining at throe, they were "agreeably entertained with excellent company, good cheer, fine music from the band of Heselans taken at Trenton, and continual volleys between every toast from a company of soldiers drawn up in Second street before the city tavern, where we dined." Maneuvers on the common by light horse and trains of artillery, and a thousand infantry filled tho day agreeably for the crowd. "In the evening I was walking about h A 0 f lixxl? * ' ' mo niiccio iur & iiLiiis ircsn air and exercise, and was surprised to ilnd tho whole city lighting up their candles at tho windows. I walked most of the evening, and I think it was tho most splendid illumination I ever saw ?a few surly houses were dark, but * the lights were very universal. Con- f sidering tho lateness of the design, n and tho suddenness of the execution, P I was amazed at the universal joy and A alacrity that was discovered, and at h the brilliancy and splendor of every v part of this joyful exhibition. I had t forgot the ringing of the bells all day, t and the bonfires in the streets, and p SPIRIT OF 76" J (M\ I 2 SMh Jlli lotographer. )>j fireworks played off. Ha 1 General lowe been lu re In disguise, or liis last.er, this show would have given lem the heartache." When Enthusiasm Waned. We have an account of the Fourth 3 celebrated in Tyler's adniinistraon. Already it lacked the freshness ^ nd spontaneity of those early ones ohn Adams witnessed, one of which e saddened by his own death. "Indeendence forever," he murmured, as e lay dying, his ear caught by the aunds of fireworks. It was the toast o had sent In response to a request >r one to be given in his name at a ^ ? ourth of July banquet to be celerated many hundred miles from hero the sands of life were running wift with him. That of Tyler's breathes nausea of oise and distaste for vapidity. An ye-witness writes, "The Fourth of uly passed mucn as usual everyhere; squibs and popgun3 and . racked bells, with vapid oratlous, ^ Lupld toasts, and execrable speeches; nt Tnnatu m Yw> />u<it/vr?t vj v, tiiv/uio auu vuiu ?? Iiirn, Hie t'usiuur ry laudation of the nation, and the uantum of headaches that follow un8ual indulgence." There was a levee at the White iouse, and the Sunday school children larched through the walks of the cap-^ ol grounds; "Mr. Adams watching :iem with satisfaction and interest." ohn Quincy Adams, then shared the uiet enthusiasm of his father. The larino band comes Into prominence, itizens of every class thronged the yhite House, listening to tne martial irs received by the president. "The deportment of Mr. Tyler was ' asy and natural, yet sufficiently digified, placing everyone at his ease, .nd nothing could surpass the quiet, nafffected grace with which the ladles ta eceived and acknowledged the cour- ? asles of all who paid their respects, he throng, comprising beautiful wornn, grave senatois, cabinet and foreigp^ linisters, dashing army and navy others, offlceseekcrs, citizens and loungrs, was great from twelve to three, letwcen live and six about forty entlemen sat down to dinner witli 10 president." Dar.icl Webster's Speech. The Fourth in Fillmore's days^. nwned for the. laying of the cornertone of the extension of the capitol. >aniel Webster, secretary of state, in dive-ring his oiation as speaker of lie day, ncconr li.-hed in- re than "tho ustoinary laudati u of the nation." Jo stepped forward, ccpy in hand, but xtamporized r >v thoughts and highly* itoresting i 11 ions. "i have said, gentlemen, that our iiherif.mce is an inheritance of A morion liberty. That liberty 's charactor ?tic, peculiar and altogether otir own. lothlng liko it existed in former times or was known in tho most, enllghtr? fi /I otnf/^< --?i f n * * * icui ntrtUM Wl HIJlHJUliy; wi11j0 wjlh s its principles havo become inter- , /oven Into tho minds of individual*^*rieu, connected with our daily opinnna and our daily habits, until it is, If may ho Hay, an clement of social a? /ell as of political life; and the conequence is, that to whatever region n American citizen carries himself, io takes with him, fully developed in is own understanding and experience, x >ur American principles and opinions, / nd becomes ready at once, in co-oper- \ ,tion with others, to apply them to the v ormatlou of new governments." 1 A CRACK 59MPANY. ^ , .?******* ' ; Quieter Celebrations. Various ways of celebrating the " ourth havo been substituted in dlf^ erent American cities for the old proaiscuous celebration, in which every atriotic individual spent money for reworks and held a celebration in ,v is own back yard. The old method /as fearfully wasteful?it was dls- . rlbutive effort. And it distributed j he noise in a way to set elderly peo* le wild. J | 1