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WILSON DEFENDED I \ BRYAN REVIEWS DISCUSSION OF ^ REPEAL OF FREE TOLLS. - ' TWO PLANKS CONFLICT ? ' lu Vigorous Utterance Secretary Aril, gues That the Little Free Tolls Plank Should Not Dominate the 1 i larger Anti-Subsidy Declaration ; 1 and the Party History. r Secretary Bryan In a statement > made public Sunday lengthily re- ' views the Panama tolls question, and 1 I in the course of the statement do- ( \j* clares that the repeal of the tolls ex- 1 w emption in the Panama canal act 1 "can not be construed to be a construction of the Hay-Pauncefote treaty," but is "simply a refusal on the part of the United States to raise 1 that question in that way." 1 Mr. Bryan dlscussos various feaf tures of the subject?the limiting of debate in the House of Representatives, the Baltimore platform and the 1 effect of repeal on the treaty. Claiming that the opponents of the repeal had seized upon the charge that the president was "surrendering to England", Mr. Bryan declared that the 1 opposition to the repeal had attempt* ed to appeal "to prejudice rather than reason". 1 "What has Great Britain done," he asked, "to justify the accusation that 1 she is trying to dictate to this country? She has simply called attention to tho terms of tho treaty, and ask- 1 ed for arbitration of the question of 1 construction, in case this government differs from the British government 1 in the construction to be placed unon the language. The very men who are 1 so Insistent upon construing the treaty to permit free tolls delayed for months the ratification of the treaty with Great Britain because of ? their opposition to any abitration of 1 the subject? In other words, they construed the treaty to permit discrimination, and then objected to allowing any international court to ex- 1 press an opinion on the subject. "If, afl a matter of fact, the treaty 1 grants the rights which Great Britain 1 a claims, is it a 'surrender to Great Britain' for our nation to repeal a law that raised that question? The repeal of the law can not bo con- ' strued to be a construction of the treaty. It is simply a refusal on the \ part of the United States to raise that question in that way. In the con| troverey over the Welland canal, CanI || ada withdrew a discrimination which she had made in favor of Canadian ship.*, 'in order that no cause for friction with the United States authorities in regard to the matter should exist.' "Why can not the United States withdraw a discrimination for the a same reason? When the treaty in\ * volved was before the Senate for rat iflc&tion an attempt was made to so amend it as to permit a discrimination In favor of coastwise vessels, but it vae voted down by a decided majority. With this record to support them, is it strange that foreign na^ tions question our right to make an exception in favor of American vessels?" Discussing the president's right to expect the support of congress when he deals with international questions, Secretary Bryan adds: "The chief executive speaks for the nation in international affairs, and it is only fair ? to assume that he speafs advisedly when he declares that intercourse with other nations is seriously embarrassed by the free tolls low which he seeks to repeal. "Wo occupy to-day a proud position among the nations; we are the foremost advocate of peace and arbi^ tration; we are becoming more and jT more a moral factor throughout the world. Con we afford to surrender this position? Can we afford to belittle the great enterprise which has reached its consummation at the isthmus? If our nation desires to bo measured by intellectual and ethical standards, hew unworthy to brag of our strength and to threaten to use that strength. 'Wo are ready to light' does not arouse the enthusiasm now that it did a few centuries ago. Brute force is not the level upon which this nation settles its controversies today. i "The question Is not what we can do but what we ought to do. The path of history Is strewn with the wreck of nations that boasted that they were all powerful. This question must bo decided on moral principles and not by the counting of our regiments and battleships. What shall it profit a nation if it conquers the whole world and loses its faith in a the doctrine that righteousness cxalt& nth a nation?" i Mr. Bryan was a member of the resolutions committee of the Baltimoe convention and his observations on the platform constitute his first utterance on the subject. Mr. Bryan g argues that there are two planks in 4 the Baltimore platform, pertient to the discussion, one which declares i the belief of the Democratic party in the encouragement of the merchant marine but states that it should be I developed "without imposing addi- i - tional burdens upon the people and without bounty or subsidies from the 1 /V * (/ public treasuries", and a second plank declaring In favor of the exemption from tolls of American coastwise ships. Mr. Bryan declares that the opposition to bounties is a doctrine "for which the Democratic party has stood from time Immemorial". He refers to the exemption plank as a "little plank" and to the pronouncement on bounties and subsidies as the "larger plank" and says: "What opiate does the little plank contain that it can make those who accept it oblivious of the larger plank? By what rule of construction can the small plank be made binding and the large one ignored? The secret of the strange power exerted by the little plank is to be found in the fact that it carefully conceals the meanB by which it is to be carried rvi.4. TT? J 1 ? 1 * * - dui, nuu inw wuru suusiay" or bounty' been insertod In this plank, [t could not have secured the Indorsement of the convention because the contradiction between this plank and the larger plank wbuld have been Immediately apparent. "If the same care had been used In the drawing of this plank that was used in the uf&wlug of the plank du the merchant marine, the tolls exemption plank would have read as follows: 'We favor the exemption from toll of American ships engaged In coastwise trade passing through the canal but without imposing additional burdens upon the people and without bounties or subsidies from the public treasury.' "But even if the platform had not contained without itself a complete refutation of the position taken by the advocates of free tolls, the president would have been justified in the position that he took by the changed conditions which confronted him. A platform is a pledge and is as ibind Ing upon an official as tlie command of a military officer is upon a subordinate?tho statement can not be made stronger. But the subordinate officer is sometimes compelled to act upon his judgment where a change of which the commanding officer is not aware has taken place in conditions. It is not tho right of the subordinate to judge the situation for himself where conditions have changed since the order was given, but it is his duty to do so. "In the case under consideration tho president takes responsibility for an official act which he regards as necessary for his country's welfare and the people must decide whether or not he is justified; and those who refuse to act with him also assume responsibility and they, too, must abide the judgment of the public. Such a change has taken place since the Baltimore platform was adopted. Had the Democrats in convention assembled been confronted by the condition which now exists and had they known what those now know who voted for repeal, no such plank would ever have been placed in the platform. The convention's attention was not even brought to the fact that a majority of tho Democrats in the House had voted against the free tolls measure and that it had, in fact, been passed by a combination of a minority of tho Democrats and a majority of the Republicans." Mr. Rryan says that platform planks dealing with international questions must be accepted with the understanding "that we act jointly with other nations in international affair^," that even if the plank had not been contradicted by another plank in the platform and even if it "had not concealed a subsidy policy repugnant to Democratic principle and history," that even if conditions had not changed, a platform plank should be taken on international questions "as the expression of a wish rather than as the expression of a determination, for no nation can afford to purchase a small advantage in the face of a universal protest." "If a nation," continued the secretary, "desire to array itself against the world, it should he sure that the thing which it is to gain is worth what it costs. The president, knowing that every commercial nation except our own construes the treaty as a pledge of equal treatment, would have been recreant to his trust had he failed to point out to the American people that our diplomatic relations would be seriously disturbed by the carrying out of the free tolls policy." Considering the repeal measure upon its merits, Mr. Bryan said there were just two questions to he decided: "First, it is desirable for the Democratic party to abandon its historic position and become the advocate of subsidies and bounties? And, second, if it is desirable, what is the Democratic party willing to sacrifice in international prestige and world influence in order to secure the advantage which the^e subsidies promise to a few people." . Rail Passed Through Body. The entire length of a 90-foot steel rail, red hot, passed through the body of Charles Miller of Braddock, Pa., as he worked at a finishing mill in the Edgar Thomson Steel Works Fridav. Miller lived half an hour. Killed by Twenty-fourth Operation. Mra. Mary Wilson of New York died Tuesday as the result of the twenty-fourth operation in the last Bix years. She was thirty years old. ? ? + Collision Kills Eight. Four men were killed and two hurt at Georgetown, Texas, Thursday, when a passenger train crashed into their automobile. % ^ w FOUR GUNMEN DIE; i NEW .YORK .MURDERERS .PAY PENAL.TY FOR CRIME. m. TELLS OF SLAYING ? One After Another the Convicted New ] York Cangsters Are Put in the 1 < Electric Chair and Sent to Their Doom?Warden Relates Confession ! < Made Before Him. i < The four gunmen convicted of the murder of Herman Rosenthal died in ( the electric chair at Sing Sing prison, near Ossining, N. Y., at the break of dawn this Easter Monday morning. 1 In the death chair none confessed , his guilt and none mentioned the ( name of Charles Becker, the former ( police ieuieimiit found guilty of instigating the murder but saved by the court of appeals' reversal. Of the four Frank Seldenshner ("Whitey Lewis") made the only statement. Even he did not flatly assert his inno- , cence. "Gentlemen," he mumbled, as they strapped him in the chair, "I did not shoot at Rosenthal. Them who said I did was perjurers. For the sake of justice, gentlemen, I say I did not. The witness Stannish " "Whitey" did not flnsh the sentence. The strange harness had been adjusted and the current threw his body forward in the chair. lie had meant to say that Stannish, a waiter and a witness at the murder trial, had lied; but death intervened. Seldenshner was the second man to die. "Dago Frank" (Frank Ciroflci) came first. "Gyp the Blood" (Harry Horowitz) was tlio third and "Lefty Louie) "Louis Rosenberg) last. In 4 0 minutes all four were dispatched. This would have been shortened had nr?f lmori t ? ? e lv uw? uuvm iui in* uvuiuiutvuiag Ol newspaper reporters. Their numbers necessitated a shifting of witnesses for each execution. All four men walked quietly to the chair and only their quaking knees and the sickly green pallor of their faces attested that the realization of death was upon them. Shortly before "Dago Frank" Ciroflci went to the death chair he told ^Warden Clancey that "Gyp the Blood" Horowitz, "Lefty Louie" Rosenberg and Harry Vallon, an informer, fired the shots which killed Herman Rosenthal, for which crime the four gunmen paid with their lives. "So far as I know Becker had nothing to do with the case," the gunman also declared. "It was a gamblers' fight." Cirofici averred he was five miles away at the time the crime was committed and that "Whitey" Lewis Seidenshner, although present at tlio scene of the shooting, did not fire any of the shots. Cirofici made no attempt, however, to deny that he was included in the original plot to slay Rosenthal, even admitting that two nights before the gambler was slain he went with other gangsters to look for their intended victim. They were frightened away from Rosenthal on that occasion. The condemned man also admitted that early on the night of the actual killing he was in the gray "murder car" with the gunmen, but he insisted that he left tliem hefnre tbov *? _w.v. v UIIUU lllO fjlllll" bier. He did not explain precisely why he left the other gunmen Just prior to the shooting, but two reasons are advanced. One is that he became frightened and the other that he deserted in order to bail out his sweetheart, Jean Gordon, who had been arrested. The statement which was made orally in the principal keeper's ofilce was the result of the insistent plea on the part of Coriflci's mother and his sister for the truth. They had been here and made an unsuccessful appeal to the governor to save the prisoner's life. Returning to the prison near dawn they were met by the warden and taken to the ofilce where they met Cirofici. Mr. Clancey told his story to Superintendent John R. Riley of the State prison department and Gov. Glynn. The warden first issued a formal statement rehearsing a part of what Cirofici told him and later added details which included Ciroflci's admission that ho and the other gangsters had sought Rosenthal nights before the slaying. The formal statement of the warden follows: "About 8 o'clock Sunday night Rosenberg asked me to save Frank, saying ho had nothing to do with the shooting; he was not there. I went over and asked Frank why he did not toll the truth. He replied that ho knew what was going on, but was not there when thfl ?v?nrkH r> rsf\)r I I place. T advised him to tell the whole story. He said if ho did they would kill his brother. I asked whom he meant by 'they'. Ho replied that there were ISO men In New York he could name. He sa^d: 'I don't care about myself, it's my family I care for.* "I caused Frank Ciroflci's to be brought from the condemned cell house to the principal keeper's office about 4 o'clock Monday morning. He made the following, among other I statements, in the presence of myself, Mclnery, principal keeper, the chaplain, his mother and his sister. They THE STING OF LAZINESS MOSQl'ITOES SPREAD MALARIA AND CHECK CROP WORK. ? United States Experts Find That Malarial Pests Are Causing Tremendous Ijoss to South Eaeli Year. Malarial mosquitoes are the v/orst pest in the South to-day, a<. wording to statements issued by specialists sf the Bureau of Entomology of the Department of Agriculture. These statements follow a study of niosquito-infected plantations in Ixjuisiana made during the last cotton and corn season as a preliminary to a moro extended investigation of the effects of malaria on farm production and profits. According to data in the hands of the investigators, more than 650,000 persons in the United States suiter each year from malaria. They are compelled to be absent from work an average of eight weeks during the businest seasons of the year, causing an annual loss of nearly $100,000,000. The Agricultural department is now planning the eradication of the malarial mosquitoes. At present drainage and the use of oil on stagnant pools are believed to bo the most effective means of attack, as the negroes of the South refuse to stay within screened houses or to submit to careful medical attention as soon as they become ill. On the Louisiana farm selected for the preliminary study, there were 3,5 4 0 acres, of which 1,8 0 0 were under cultivation and 1,740 acres were in swamp land timber. The farm is typical of an area of 200,000 square miles of Louisiana land. Sixty-four families were employed either as laborers or tenants. The investigation revealed that of tho 64 families 4 6 suffered from malaria just at the time when crops were to be planted and cultivated. Federal experts declare that the only solution to the malaria problem in the South lies in the drainage of I swamp lands. Tt was found on the Louisiana plantation that negroes wiii congregate out of doors regardless of malaria mosquitoes, and that even when their houses are screened they will not keep doors closed. For this reason experts see no hope in the | suggestion that every precaution be I taken against the pests. ! N EG I tO SHOT TO I>EATH. Tragedy Occurs at Hot Supper Over in Lexington County. Ernest Robertson, a negro, was shot and instantly killed by Arthur Mayer, another negro, at a negro hot supper at New Hope church, about fifteen miles from Lexington, in the Dutch Form section of that county, about 12 o'clock Saturday night. According to evidence adduced at the hearing, Robertson was raising a "rough house" in general. It was alleged that he had attempted an assault upon a negro woman previous to his having been killed. The woman struck Robertson in the head with a rock, causing an ugly wound. Robertson then followed the woman Into the church and there proceeded to continue his rowdyism, it is claimed. An effort was made to eject him, according to witnesses, without avail, Arthur Mayer rushed in, and, it is said, drew his pistol and fired three shots, two of which took effect in the body. So closo was the ran en nt which the shots were fired that the clothes of the dead man were set on fire and had to be put out by those who came to him after he had fallen. urged him to tell the whole truth, lie hesitated and said: " 'I don't want to make any statement for the public. I do not fear for myself, but I do fear for you.' "His sister replied: 'Don't have any fear for us; wo will take care of ourselves; God will protect us.' "His mother and sister continued to urge him to tell the truth. "Ho said: 'I did not do the shooting. The men who fired the shots were Gyp, Louie and Vallon.' "He said: 'I was five miles away at the tini8. So far as I know Becker bad nothing to do with this case. It was a gamblers' fight.' "Ho mentioned several raids on gambling houses and said that the story Shapiro told to Commissioner Dougherty was true. Ho said: 'I told somo lies on the stand to prove an alibi for tho rest of the boys. The testimony about the conversation with Rose in tho car on the way down was not true. I was in Bridgie Weber's when the arrangements were made. I did not know just what the arrangements were. I knew something was coming off. I did not soo Louie pack the trunk, as I testified on tho stand. There were guns thore but. not the ones they uaod.' When asked how lie pained this information he said: 'I heard the boys talking about it sinco I was here.' " ? ? Cousins Arc Killed. Mrs. Frank D'Angels of Somerset, Pn., was wounded Saturday when ho went in the rear of her home to investigate sounds of firearms. She stumbled over the dead bodies of her two sons, who had just been killed. U1VES HIS VIEWS ? . ? CHAS. A. SMITH TEL?L? PEOPL.I OF THINGS HE SUPPORTS. ? ? ? MAKES UP HIS PLATFORM ? ? Lieutenant Governor for Four Year; Now Seeks Elevation?Points t< Ills Service in the Past and Out lines Position on Questions of Im portance?Asks for SufTrnge. Lieut. Gov. Charles A. Smith has made the following statement rela tive to his candidacy for governor: To the People of South Carolina: Four years ago and again twc years ago you elected mo lieutenan governor of our State. My promise was to maintain the high standards of my predecessors in oflice, and Ir no word or deed bring discredit t< those who chose me. Has this prom ise been kept? I am now a candidate for governo and ask a continuance of your conli dence and suffrages. Am T worthy o promotion? Will the interests of th? people be safe in my hands? I pre sent herewith, in brief, my platform After all, a man's life and characte best indicate bis platform. Believini in true Democracy, when the peopl have spoken on a public question good citizens sink their individua preferences until another free expres sion is offered them. I believe I ar the logical candidate and entitled t your consideration. 1 promise, i elected, careful attention to you wishes and faithful service to th State. I stand for economy in government No extravagance. No waste of th peoplo's money. No appropriation beyond the State's income. No in creased taxation, except as towns townships or counties vote specie levies for schools or local necessities A business system that will insur economical expenditure of approprie tions. I favor a flat 2-eent passenger far on our railroad systems and n -1 1 ! 1 . . _ nt-igiiL uiscriimnauon against Sout Carolina points as compared with at joining States. The railroads hav had a largo share in the prosperit that has come to the State, and d not, as public service corporation, show proper appreciation of obligi tion to the source of their income. I favor the submission by the lei islature to the voters of the State t the question of outlawing) the sale c intoxicants within its borders; measure which would insure the bei efits of the Webb law, uplift publ morals and promote temporal pre perity. I favor legislation that there ma be no discrimination against the poc man for violation of the criminal lav For the same offense one man pays fine within his means ans goes free another because of inability to pa goes to the chaingang or pen'tentiar; I favor proper legislation to secur honesty and freedom in elections; bi am opposed to any qualification thf will deprive an honest white citize of the right of ballot. I believe implicity in an educate citizenship and in placing adequat ffl pi H f ina ~ * ? ?1 - ,.v...?vs nivuiu ill*" I DIIUU t)l U ril ing generation; believe that the con pulsion o? love and pride and publi opinion will as readily banish illitei acy as mandatory legislation, and ai for compulsorv education only shoul the people so declare after the sul mission of the question to their sul frages. I believe as a matter of econom and public interest in a restriction c local and special legislation by th general assembly, that more time ma bo devoted to matters of State-wid importance. I believe earnest consideratio should be given tho demands of th farmers of the State for rural credit and for agricultural industrial educa tion in our public schools. I stand loyal to Democracy, whic means government by all the people for the best interests of all the people and not government of the many by proferred class. I Charles A. Smith. ? SEIZE MAN'S HOME. ? United States Oulcials Take Unusua Action. Followiner tho flnHInc nf on hum t, .... X/l Mil lllltl distillery on the farm of James Pat ten in Oconee somo time ago, govern ment olTlcials have now seized Pat ten's home, barn and othor outbuild ings. This action is considered b local revenue men as a very unusua occurrence and only happens whei the illicit plant is found in close prox imity to tho restdenco in which th alleged operator resides. In this case the accused man stil lives in his home but does so undo a heavy bond. When tho officers raid ed Patten's placo they destroyed i distillery which was in full operatloi in the collar of a newly constructe< barn, the entrance to the place beta, gained by a trap door in tho loft o tho barn. Don't have the gall to blame you laziness on the weather. INTEREST IN MEETINGS IjIXI) TO SEE WIIaSON AND niXA TO MEET CARRANZA. Washington is Expecting Definite Ke> | suits in Conferences Between leading Men on Roth Sides. ^ Washington officials and diplomats were speculating Sunday night > outcome of two conferences to be nek! thia week, one in that city between " President Wilson and his personal representative in Mexico, John Idnd, and the other at Torreon, between Gen. Venustiano Carranza, first chief of the Constitutionalists, and Gen. 3 Villa, the victorious rebel army leader. President Wilson returned to tho . 1 \r/-.rwi?? ? i-i,. * VMA inuiiuaj 11 win lli? * trip to Wast Virginia. Mr. Rind Is ^ coming up the coast from Vera Crux aboard the yacht Mayflower, ana ? though 110 word lias been received * from the yacht since she left M?xi1 can waters, she is expected to arrive Tuesday. About the time Mr. Lind making his report to the president 1 the Mexican rebel leaders will be1 meeting for the first time since the I days of the Madero revolution, and p on this conference much is believed to depend. Oflicials think that n. face-to-face talk between Carranr'. r and Villa will result in a clearer un^ derstanding concerning the rights of ? foreigners in Mexico, and espociaRr ' their privilege of pressing clalmasi * through American consular ofllcerfSu No news from the scene of iratr n came to either the war or nary cfe? partment. The navy department ateo ^ without a final report from Rear Arir mlrnl Mayo on the outcome of his 0 m?nd that the Mexican Federal commander at Tampico salute the Stars ^ and Stripes as a part of Iif? apology ? for the affront to America in the ars rest of United States marines. OfRl" cials declared, however, that no anxicty was felt over this matter as asII suranees had been given that proper 3- reparation would ho made. e It was reported that important dfsl~ patches had come to the state department from the City of Mexico. Seee rotary Bryan said, however, that hr ? had nothing whatever to gtve out. The secretary commented on the ab~ sence of press reports from the MeocS? can capital, and remarked that appar? y ently a rigid censorship was being ex? ercised. lie had nothing to sar* s? about the possible cause of this. One of the results of the Torreon meeting is expected to be a reply to ? the state department's latest reprcv ^ sentation, especially in the case of Spaniards exiled from Torreon. Ala though Carranza has told the dep&rtr l~ ment that ho is not disposed to lc terfere with Villa's course toward* s" the Spaniards there is a frankly expressed expectation that this stand iy may be modified. >r Should the two rebel leadens dev' clde to pay no heed to Secretary a Bryan's demand that the cases of alt 5? Spaniards be settled on their Individy ual merits the United States will V' confronted with a problem of the? e greatest gravity, since Spain has plaeed the safety of her subjects in AivierL* ican hands in representations mado n by the Spanish foreign office, both through Ambassador "Riano at Wasbington, and Ambassador Willard, im 0 Madrid. J- ? TO WIPE OUT MAIiARIA. c # r" Public Health Service Report Says* n (1 Disease is Preventable. 1 There was only one case of mala i rial fever in tho South during 19t3 to three during the preceding year, ^ according to the public health report The states included in the canvass 0 were Alabama, Arkansas, MississlfvJ pi, Georgia, South Carolina, Nortfu 8 Carolina and Florida. Statistics were obtained by the service through post 11 cards sent out to physicians in thesv? 0 states. Totals for various states follow: l~ Alabama, May to November, 12,000 cases; Arkansas, August to Novem1 ber, $ 1 8,f?00; South Carolina, August, to November, 12,000; Florida, same* ' period, 9,000; Georgia, Augusta to a October, 9,99 0; Mississippi, full year. 02,000. The report shows that out of 91,000 cases, 27,000 occurred in children under fifteen. The disease is preventable, and can bo controller i if not eliminated, health service re?-, port declares. 11 BODY FOUND IN FTFJiE*. * Inquest Fails to Solve Death Msyterjr Near Brunson. Tlx? (lead body of a young man was. y discovered in a field near the lino >? 'j the Charleston and Western Carolina ' railway, about one mile from Brim son, Saturday afternoon. The pere son discovering the corpse reportod it to the sheriff of the county, who, unable to readily xeach the coroner, informed the local magistrate, and nr r inquest was held and a verdict rendered that "the deceased came to Hfc" a death from a blow on the body fey at a blunt instrument delivered by a party or parties unknown to the Jury". In* vestigation showed that tho negro was from Barnwell County, near Allendale, and was known by the name*? of Fim Hughes, r j ? Old newspapers for sale. <