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m i , LIME FOR SOILS Crop Growth Indicative of Condition of the Soil?Lime is Important for Growing Leguminous Crops?Manure Spreader May Be Used for Applying Lims Mr. O. C. Rotiel, Marble, Washington, writes as CdIIows: "Please let me know If our mountains of lime rock here In Stevons county could be utilized Cor commercial fertilizer by grinding it fine without first burning." j Unburned but finely ground limestone is best for correcting soil acidity. Tho use of lime 011 soils is beneficial In places where is deficient. Some crops roc*, dr. : , r calcium than others. Thi:, in em y tnio of clovers, alfalfa, ,u;d other leguminous crops. Whether the p*ol 1 re aires calcium depends upon its condition, and this can be determined by one of two J methods ? either by a close examina-! tion of the plant growth or by the use of litmus paper. If you find horso sorrel present in largo quantities It i indicates that your soil requires calcium; also. If clovers do no? grow well that is an indication that calcium is lacking. Hy the use of litmus pacers, which may ho purchased at almost anv drug store, you will be able to determine whether your soil is acid. Take a small quantity of moist soil and press it around the paper for ten or fifteen minutes. If the hlue paper Is turned *to a pinkish or reddish color, it will indicate that your se ll is acid and an application of lime will be beneficial. There arose*, eral (at least ten) forms of commercial lime on tho market. The best form to use is finely ground limestone: Find: because it is cheapest, and, second: the effect on tho humus 1s not so s< idons us with other forms of lime?especially cam tic or quick limo. The action of finely j ground limestone in its attack r ?i the* vegetable matter is loss noli.- able than wilh other forms of brno. The amounts to apply depend on how badly your soil requires calcium, and also I upon the availal le supply of lime stone. We have known of Instances I where ,'ts high as eight tons have been ! applied to the acre with good results, I and as low as a tc.n or a ton and a half I nag noon uscn very naiihihcioi iiv. i The usual amount varies from threei j to six tons to tho acre. Tills materia! : should 1)0 supplied to tho surface after I the sood tied is prepared, and harrowed in by the use of a peg-tooth or dial: harrow. ft may bo scattered by the use of rw,ruire spreader; in fact, thir1s tlio rn" 1 machine for applying finely pround limestone. k DESTROYING GRASSHOPPERS 4 n<*ply to Jacob Mathlason, Walnut drove, Minn. "l'le.ase send me by 7nnil directions for killing grasshop pors." He fore attempting to give a remedy for the grasshopper plague, a few words In regard to its early stages of growtli will not be out of place. Tn order for the grasshopper to multiply to any extent, the soil In which th? eggs are laid must be undisturbed and there must be an abundance of fond available. The most favorable conditjon for grasshopper development seems to be found in the alfalfa sections of tho west. Where It is possible, one. of the best preventive measures I? to cultivate the ground. Tho soil need not be disturbed below tho first two inches of surface, for most of the eggs are deposited very shallow. We fully realize that in many eases this 1 ...v ..A 1.^ /I /-? n/\ n n f s\ oom 1 > 1 n f r* 1 v j UitllPUl IM1 uuin: (in tu viuiii|'iv iv i.i . rl oh troy the grasshopper, but wboro it ! is possible to plow and cultivate in tlx? fall, tbo number can bo greatly do creased. There are two ways of destroying the adult or grown grasshopper. One is by tbo use of the hopper dozer. I Various forms are in use, but one that j has given very good satisfaction can | bo built of sheet iron, ten or twelve feet long, and about twenty-six inches wide, with a board across the bach, against which the grasshoppers will fly and then fall into tlie bottom of the hopper dozer. The bottom of the hop. per dozer should bo made water tight, so that a ouantity of water may be poured Into it, also a small quantity o' kerosene. The hopper d< zor should br mounted on'low skids or small wheels a.id drawn by one or more horses The grasshoppers will be collected in | the hopper dozer and killed by cominr ' in contact with the kerosene. This J wholo structure is rather inexpensive J and 1ms proved a very good method of destroying the grasshopper. The bureau of entomology of the . United States Department of Agri culture has recommended a poisoned box u'liloh is known as the "erlddl. mixture," and lias given very good results In some sections. The mix ture is made as follows: One-half barrel fresh horse drop J pings, in which is mixed one pound each of salt and parts green. If the j droppings are not fresh, tho salt Is j dissolved in water and mixed with thr . manure and poison. Then this mixture is scattered freely \ about, where the grasshoppers arc j abundant. Dr. Fletcher, entomologist f for tho Dominion of Canada, cites an . instance where this poison mixture j was scattered around a portion of thi j field, with the result that this portion * stayed green while tho grasshoppers | seriously injured other parts of the ' same field. The criddle mixture has / been preferred to other brands of poi- j son because its effect on other forms < of animal life is not so serious. , i Before the frost is tho timo to pre- , pare for next year's crop by selecting seed corn in the field. \ * MEAN WILSON TO , SWEEP COUNTRY Democratic Gains in Vermont and Maine Impressive. . v. V OTHER PARTIES' PLIGHT Third Termers to Poll Their Entlr? Strength From the Rapidly Thinning Republican Ranks. That thn result of the state elections in Vermont and Maine mean a trenn ndous Democratic victory in Novoinbor, is freely admitted by all except the bitterest partisans. l'oliIleal experts have done some analyzing, and some claim to have reached novel conclusions. Rut those facts utund j out: On Monday, September 9, 1912, the j Itepubiican and Third Term parties combined elected William T. Haines governor of Maine, over Frederick W. i L'luisted, the present Democratic in- ! cluinbcnt, by 2,922 plurality; in 1908,! a presidential year, a Republican vraa elected governor by 7,052 plurality; in J 901, tiio plurality was 25,800, and in i l'JUO it was 2i,122. In other words, in I 12 years the Democrats have cut j down thn Republican plurality in state . elections by 21,109. In this period tho Democratic vote has increased from 29,000 to 08,000 whereas the itepubiican vote lias do- i created from 74,000 to 71,000. The ( Domocrutic vote of this year exceeds ' that of September, 1008, by 1,000, but ' the Republican vote is about 2,000 loss ' than that party cast four years ago. The split in the Republican ranks, following the election of William T. Haines, is pronounced. If tiio division in Maine in November is as it I was in the recent Vermont election, I six-tenths of the Republican vote will i go for Tuft, three-tenths for Roosu- I \clt, and one-ientli lor tiio lX'ino-J urate. It Is significant that the latter ; party has to date suffered no losses, i I as compared with the vote in previous : years, from the Third Term movement. On the contrary, it has gakned. The result In Maine may be expected to be something like this: Wilson, 74,0(JU; Taft, 42,600; Roosevelt. 21,300. The returns from tiio recent Vermont election show, In round ilgures, that the joint Republican and third j party vote was eight per cent, short i of the Republican vote four years ago, I while the Democratic vote in that stale shows a gain of twenty-fivo per cent, over that of 1008. It is of special interest to speculate what will happen next November throughout the nation if the Republican and Democratic vote for t a national tickets happen to be affected as me gubernatorial veto this month in Vermont has been affected. Tho New York livening Post has done some interesting figuring along this lino and as a net result it is shown that, under the contingencies mentioned, President Taft would carry only two states in November, Rhode Island and Vermont, all the others going for Gov. Wilson. The conclusions reached by tho Post-follow:, "To comnuto this result wo should have to deduct 8 pfcr cent, from the vote cast for Taft four years ago and apportion the remaining voto in the ratio of G2 to 38 between Taft and Roosevelt, and wo should have to add 36 per cent, to Iiryan's vote In 1908, and give the 'demnition total.' to Wood row Wilson. In other words, glvo Taft 67 per cent, and Roosevelt 36 per cent, of Tuft's voto four j^ears ago, and give Wilson 125 per cent, of Uryan's voto four years ago. "The result in round numbers would bo as follows, so far as regards Taft and Wilson. States. Taft. Wilson. Alabama 11,000 93,000 Arkansas 32,000 109,000 j Call fornla 122,000 100,000 j Colorado 71,000 159,000 | Connecticut G5.000 86,000 ! Delaware 14,000 28,000 Florida 0,000 39,000 . Georgia 21,000 90,000 Idaho 30,000 46.000 Illinois 360,000 603,000: Indiana 199,OoO 423,000 Iowa 157,000 226,000 Kansas 113,000 201,000 Kentucky 136,000 305,OUO " i nnn mm I Louisiana ?l?wu Muino 38.000 44,000 Maryland 66,000 145,000 Massachusetts 152,000 104,000 Michigan 102,000 210,000 Minnesota 1*2,000 136,000 Mississippi 3,000 76,000 Missouri 100.000 448,000 Montana 18,000 33,000 i Nebraska 73.000 164,000 Scvada G'??? 14'u(,? Sew Hampshire 30,000 42,000 Sew Jersey 161,000 208,000 Sew York 407,000 834,000 Sorth Carolina .... 66,000 171,000 Sorth Dakota 33,000 41,000 )hlo ..327,000 528,000 Oklahoma 63,000 163,000 j Oregon 30,000 48,000 j Pennsylvania 420,000 561,000 rthode Island 36,000 31,000 South Carolina .... 2,000 78,0)0 South Dakota 39,000 50,000 Tennessee 68,000 170,000 Texas 37,000 271,000 Jtali 35<000 63,000 Vermont 23,000 14,000 /lrginia 30,000 103,000 Washington 61,000 73,000 West Virginia 79,000 139,000 Wisconsin 142,000 208,000 Wyoming 12,000 18,000 i FEEDING CORN FODDER Experiments Show that Corn Stover > la Valuable In Beef Production? Corn Stover Is One of the Many By-Producta of the Farm. (By J. K. Waggoner of the I II C Service Bureau) Profit Is a stimulus which causes men to engage in some one or more of the many phases of business. It may be commerce, the industries, banking, farming or some other activity, yet when all is said, the profit from that particular line of work is usually the attractive feature. Competition has become so strong that profit In many undertakings is made only by practising the strictest principles of economy and exercising unusual care in looking ufter the small things and what might be termed "by-products." For instance, one of the sources of the banker's income is the small increase in the rate of interest on money loaned over what it cost him. The same is, true of the farmer. The increase in j the value of land has necessitated i putting farming on more of u business! basis ii. order to realize a proiit on the' Investment. Much has boon said nnd written re-( Rai ding sa\ing and utilizing the waste. products of the farm, and it is en-| couraging to note that more farmers} arc making better use of all the prod-1 uclu of their farms than ever before. I One of the most serious wastes has j been the neglect to save and utilize} the entire corn crop. The principal market demand has been for the grain. This, combined with an abundance of hay, has not boon conducive, to tho use of corn fodder as a rough} forage. Conditions have changed the! past few years; among other things,! hay has advanced in price to such an ' extent that it is only good business practice for a farmer to supply his rough forage in the form of corn fodder and put his hay on the market. Every grower of an acre of corn should know the feeding value of the entire crop. It is quite generally; known what rcturriR can be expected J from the grain, but few farmers know} it a- ?if 1 _ c 11 ^ ifi?* ueuuif; vaiue ui 1110 i:uni biuvui , (stalks without the ears). Reports j from the Nebraska Experiment Sta tion on experiments made comparing! combinations of shelled corn, snapped corn, alfalfa and corn stover show j that when stover is used as half of the roughage it reduces the cost of. pains on two-year-old steers from 40 to 48 cents per hundred. The stover was found to be actually worth per ton as compared with alfalfa fod alone at $0.0X1 per ton. The farm value of alfalfa and other hay crops reached a mark of more than twice tills amount the past year, thus increasing the value of corn stover from $S.OO to $12.00 per ton. With these figures bofore us, it la plain to see that the corn bolt farmer is neglecting one of his important sources of income by letting his cornstalks stand in the field. Considering the small yield of only one ton o? stover to the acre, the returns of the! American farmer would have been j increased millions of dollars last year; If this what might be called by-product had been saved. Coming back to the individual farmer, he would have It 1 UI>. ~ * iU I.. reitn/.eu uis pr opuiuuu ui mis pruiu. During this summor is the time to plan on cutting the corn for fodder this full and utilizing to the host advantage the entire corn crop. We find that the Nebraska bulletin No. 100 says: "By feeding corn fodder, we utilize the stalk and yet are put to no extra labor husking it. Tn fact, corn can be cut with a harvester and put in the shock cheaper than it can be picked and cribbed, inasmuch as throe men with a team and harvester can cut and shock seven acres per day. Records from the farm department of this experiment station show that It costs $1.18 per acre to cut and shock corn, which figure does not allow for the wear and tear on the! machine. Three cents per bushel j should cover the cost of harvesting corn with a machine and putting it in the shocks." Tho logical way of saving the corn crop Is to shred tho fodder. Extensive experiments at the Wisconsin Experiment station show that about V.\ per! cent of tho feeding value of fodder is lost if loft exposed to the elements. By shredding and storing, this loss will, be prevented. The fodder Is also in a much more convenient form for handling, and is relished more by the stock. Shredded fodder does not occupy as much room for storing as the unshredded, and the stable manure is much easier handled. In summing up the results of vari ouf feeding experiments with corn in all forms it is found that the best way to utilize the corn crop is to save the stalks either In the form of ensilage or shredded fodder. Tho records; of the Nebraska Experiment Station dispel any doubt as to the economy of harvesting corn by the use of tho corn binder as compared witn husking the standing corn In tho field. Under the . latter condition the stalks would be lost. The value of the stalks as a much feed, considering hav at the ' present price, Is at least $S.OO per ton. An ordinary yield of corn will produce 1 two or threo tons of stover to the acre. Compare this value with the price of fifty cents per acre, which is usually paid for stalks standing in the ' field. Whjen corn is fed as shredded 1 fodder, the loss of stock duo to corn- { stalk diseaso is entirely prevented. < Every farmer that has stock to feed i should plan to supply the most of his roughage in the form of shredded corn fodder, thus utilizing in the best possible way his entire corn crop. * , i Forty per cent of the feeding value 1 of the corn crop is found In the stalk, ] REPUBLICANS' 1 EXTRAVAGANCE Government Cost More Than Doubled Under Roosevelt. DEMOCRATS' GREAT RECORD Startling Figures Which Show That : the Cost of Our National Existence ! and the High Cost of Living Must LJ c nc^uuuuui Under a proper downward revision | of tho Republican tariff schedules the ! people of the United States would save $2,000,000,000 each year, or over $100 per family on manufactured goods ! alone. President Taft's vetoes of tho wool i tariff bill and tho steel tariff measure ' passed by a Democratic house COST THE PEOPLE OF THE UNITED ! STATES AIJOUT $050,000,000 PER ! ANNUM. j The cost of conducting tho federal : government MORE THAN DOUBLED 1 between tho close of President Clove- j land's second administration (Demo- ! cratic) and the beginning of President Roosevelt's second administration (Republican). As tho DIRECT RESULT OF IIIGH j REPUBLICAN TARIFF SCHEDULES tho people of the United States j pay a tax rnu.vi iniiniu iu HhJViurMTY-EIGHT PER CENT 011 food and I ordinary household articles used in the 1 home by every family, rich and poor. Tho total cost of running the federal government in 18G0 was $55,000,000. The amount appropriated at a single J session of the Sixty-first congress for i the fiscal year 1911?$1,027,133,416.44? was more than doublo tho amount? $954,496,055.13?appropriated for the fiscal years 1897 and 1898 at both sessions of the Fifty-fourth congress, the laRt congress of the second Cleveland administration. Only eight years elapsed between the. close of the second administration of President Cleveland nnd the beginning j of tho second administration of Prcsi-! dent Roosevelt and yot the amount an- i propriated during the four years of the latter ? $3,842,203,577.15?was more than doublo that appropriated in the j four years Mr. Cleveland wa3 at the ! helm?viz, $1,871,59,857.47. For 1910, tho last fiscal year provid-j ed for in congress under President: Roosevelt, the higliwater mark In ap- j propriations? $1,044,401,857.12 ? was I reached. Prosldont Taft's estlmato to tho last! session of congress for government support for the fiscal year was $1,040,648,026.55. In other words, governmental expenses for the FOUR YEARS of Pros!dent Cleveland's administration (Democratic) were only $830,861,551.92 more than President Taft's (Republican) estimate of the amount necessary to cover tho expenses of ONE YEAR of President Taft's administration. Congressman John J. Fitzgerald of I New York, a Democrat and chairman of the committee on appropriations, in addressing the house Aug. 26, 1912, on tho subject ofl appropriations said, "Thoughtful men havo watched with alarm the rapid increase in the cost of government in tho United States." lie further said that two causes seem responsible for many present evils: "One, tho UNFAIR AND UNJUST SYSTEM OF TAXATION by which nn undue share of income by those whose circumstances in life are not considered more than reasonably comfortable Is taken through our customs laws for tho support of our govern- I ment; the other, the difficulty or inability to readjust our system of taxation and to remove many taxes from tho ! necessaries of life, so long as tho GOV-} ERNMENT IS EXTRAVAGANTLY CONDUCTED, or the instrumentalities provided for the conduct of the public service are either inefficient cqr are not utilized so as to render tho most effective and comprehensive results." Mr. Fitzgerald then called attention to tho fact that tho Democratic party pledged itaolf if intrusted with power to do two things?REDUCE TARIFF dttttes and % retrench public expenditures by eliminating waste In administration and the abolition of useless. Inexcusable offices. Tho Republicans talk about tariff' 1 revision, and yet when a Democratic house In fulfilling Democratic promises j . to tho people reduced the tariff, a Republican president vetoed tho measure. "By their works shall yo know them." j - j Democrats in every stato of tho i Union should organize and prepare for polling a record breaking vote Nov.1 5. Be it remembered that no matter , 1 h/vnr In irl et Av?ir oaa va n aitakaam n. ulkj y\ \A'i una i ivyi?wi j ocuiiiD, u v v;i \.a;iuideuce 13 always dangerous. t Is there any reason why the Demo* crntlc party should go out of existence simply because Mr. Roosevelt has taken up the Progressive moasurcs adopted by the Democrats eighteen years 1 Eigo??W. J. Bryan. j Mr. Roosevelt stood as a guarantor 1 tor Mr. Taft. Mr. Bryan says, "Now, < when Roosevelt has failed so utterly ( in his judgement of men, i ank can ho j pass corroct judgment on himself?** ; ? FARMER GETS LESS, BUT? He Hat^to Pay More for What He Doesn't Raise. Tho U. S. Department of Agrieultuhe has just announced that notwithstanding the increased cost of living among tlie people as a whole there was a greater decline in the prices-paid to farmers from Aug. 1 to S pt. 1 this year than there was last year, j The average farm prices of the important crops (corn, wheal oats, bar- ' ley, rye, flaxseed, potatoes, tobacco. [ cotton and hay, which represent 1 about three-fourths of the value of all tho country's crops) declined 7 per | cent, during the month, while in that j time last year they dcclliu d in price only l.i per cent., and during the last i four years the decline in price averaged 3.8 per cent. The average of C....... 1~. ... 4 1 >> O I ill ill IJI ICi'S (111 CH'I'l.. 1 Willi ~.o I?WI j cent, lower than on that da to last i year. Prices paid to farmers on Sept. 1 j this year, with comparison of prices j paid on tho same date last year, fol- 1 low* Articles. 1912. 1911. i Corp $0.77(5 $0,059 Wheat 838 .8 IN Oats 850 .4'?i Parley 535 .770 Ityo 70S .709 Puck wheat 7(56 .740 Flaxseed 1.(520 2.03(5 Potatoes 050 1.137 Hay 12.110 14.010 Cotton 113 .lis Putter 212 .231 Chickens 113 .ill Eggs 191 .174 Put the prices on tariff nurtured articles of manufacture which the farmer has to buy continue to soar. TRUTH ABOUT THE TRUST "Expected Economies from Combination" Do Not Materialise. (IiOuis D. Hraudels in Collier's.) Leaders of the new (Third Term) party argue that industrial monopo Ilea Glioma be legalized, loot we lose tho efficiency of largo-scale production and distribution. No argument could be more misleading. * * * It may be safely asserted that In America there is no line of business in which all or most concerns or plants must be concentrated in order to attain the size of greatest eilicicncy. For while a business may be too small to bo efficient, elliciency does not grow indefinitely with increasing size. What tho most ellicient size lvs can be learned definitely only by experience. The unit of greatest elliciency is reached when the disadvantages of size counterbalance the ad vantages. Tho unit of greatest elliciency is exceeded when tho disadvantages of size outweigh the advantages. The history of American trusts makes this clear. That history shows: First?No conspicuous American trust owes its existence to tho desire for increased elliciency. "Expected economies from combination" figure largely in promoters' prospectuses; but they have never been a compelling motive in tho formation of any trust. On the contrary, tho purpose of combining lias often been to curb elliciency or even to preserve inefficiency, thus frustrating tho natural law of the survival of the fittest. Second?No conspicuously profitable trust owes Its profits largely to superior efficiency. Some trusts have been very efficient, as hnvo some independent concerns; but conspicuous proms navo oeen sccurca mainly through control of the market? through the power of monopoly to tlx prices?through this exerclso of the taxing power. Third?No conspicuous trust has been efficient enough to maintain long as against the Independents its proportion of the business of the country without continuing to buy up, from time to time, its successful competl- J tors. 1 There la plenty of peace about, the < Tal't candidacy, but nobody claims "It 1 passeth understanding." I 1 i Wood row Wilson says to tlio long- ( suffering farmer who buya In a tr^pr- , controlled, highly protected market j and sells his wares in a freo market: ( "Walk into your own houso and take possession." f > How many of those who arc strug- j gling with the "High Cost of Hiving" ! believe there is to bo any relief if the I ^ Hepubllcan party, which brought it about, remains in power? Tho Bull Moose ran things with a j big stick at Washington for seven and j \ half years and didn't by act or word v smite the bosses he now rails against 0 or promote the causes ho now "ero<- c bodies." Being "a practical man," ho j isles a third, etc., term, i v : j, By applying tho common sense test * o Keo .e\ eUia.i romance Governor ' iVilatr. b " tho country 1 joth a' :l' thou Jhtful, e What d a *v v.. v: v. o ? A Thlrd Torm ^ ^eekuboo! * t] Gov. Wilson said tx> tho newspaper is i\en. at tho NTcw York Pross Club t< Muiquct: "StippoBO you had a House* >!* lie present alives mixed like the presnt Senato. I think wo could all go shins the next two years." Hut ( ui'fr at the helm and there won't be . jj iay mixing. Democrats?that's alL 1 a m+ Jm *? ?.. h..^. - v. ? i ? am . toa - m P'iWM . J THIRD TERMER'S 1 JOKE ON LIBOR Brandcis Shows Right to Organize Is Not Recognized. THE PLATFORM IS SILENT Noted Lawyer Exposes the Fllmslneso of Promises Made to Worklngmen by PcrUns and His Candidate, Who trcaeas xor prsvaie monopoly. "The now party pledges itself to social and industrial justice and specifically to 'work unceasingly for effective legislation looking to the prevention of occupational uiAensi a, overwork, involuntary unemployment and other injurious efftcts incident to modern industry,' * * but nowhere in that long and comprehensive platform * * * can there be found cno word approving the fundamental right of labor to organize cr even recognizing this right without which all other grants and cor.ccrsions for improvement of the condition of the workingmen are futile. The platform promises social and industrial justice, but docs not promise industrial democracy. The justice which it oilers is that which the benevolent ami wise corporation is prone to administer through its welfare department. There Is no promise! of that Justice which free American) workingmon are striving to secure fo * im .i.M'i 11 ,i iiiruuga indeed, the industrial . iicy advocated by the new early wcuhi result in the denial of labor's right to organize. "The new party stands for the por-j petuation and extension of private monopoly from which the few have ever profited at the expense of the many and l'or the di thronemcnt ofj which the people have, in the past, fought so many valiant battles. That cursed product of despot ban, lite new party, proposes to doinoe.ieale in our republic, proclaiming, 'We do not tear commercial power.' Certainly organized labor has had experience with the great trusts which should teach all men that commercial power may be so great that it is the part of wisdom to fear it." The above, declaration was made by Louis D. Brandeis before the convention of the American Federation of Labor, Massachusetts state branch, at Fitch burg, Sept. 18. Of Supreme Importance. Ho urges a careful study of the now party platform, particularly its effect upon labor, noting not only WHAT IT CONTAINS, but WHAT IT OMITS, adding, "When you make that examination you will find that there is a significant omission and that this skillfully doviserl platform TAKES FROM LABOR MORE THAN IT GIVES." Labor Record of Trusts. Mr. I3randeis then lays bare the la* bor record of the trusts, declaring that "great trusts?the steel trust, the sugar trust, the beef trust, the tobacco trust, the smelter trust and a whole troop of lesser trusts?have made the extermination of organized labor from their factories (he very foundation etono of their labor policy. The ability to defeat labor's right to combine seems to have been regarded by tho trust magnates as a proper test of tho efllclency of their capitalistic combination." Mr. Brandeis sliows that in 1S99, during the Colorado smelters' strike, the American Smelting and Refining company closed its mills where tho strikers had been employed and transferred tho work to other mills, thus breaking tho strike. The United States Steel corporation had similar success In 1901 with the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers. Had tho association been dealing with competing employers tho result would tiave been different. The United States Ucel trust was prompt in introducing this plan. Juno 17, 1901, tlx weeks iftor it bogon it3 operations, its exocuivo conr i.rc passed this veto, which ivas offered u. Charles Steele, a partner of Geco .7. Perkins in tho fh'.i )f J. P. Morgr.Ti A Co.: "That weai< .. dterably opposed lo my extension union labor and addso subsidiary companies to take firm position when these questions come up ind say tiiat they are not going to rcc- r >gnizo it?that is, any extension of unon in mills where they do not now jxist." Union Pvlen Not Wanted. Tho result was that the hulk of American union laboring men in the ron and steel industry were made to mdcrstand that they were not wanted! it tho works of the United States Steel lorporation. Places r ace filled byj American laborers loyar to their union rero given to others, and, as the Staney committoo found, "Hordes of la>orers from southern Europe poured nto tho United States." lence about SO per cent, of tho unbilled laborers In the Iron and steel msiness are foreigners of these class's. the profits going to tho steel corporition. Mr. Urandois declared that MtM tnmediate and continuing result W he steol trust's triumph over orgal ted labor has been an extensive syA qui of espionage and repression." \ There has been no disturbance of I uslness interests during this presldon J lal campaign. Why? Confidence in I ho integrity of tho Democratic uonii- I ees and right purposes of tho party. I