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CAMfc 10 LIGHT ' Ancient Records About Babylon Being * Found and Deciphered. INTERESTING STUDY Everyday Affairs in City Long An, tcriating Birth of Christ?The ^ A en it< r,?..oi ii^iiiiv iixwi ? ^ M III* J IFV17VI ?*r\/<i Vital Importance of the Waterway to Welfare of the People. A correspondent of The London Standard gives some interesting details of a store of cuneiform written tablets recently discovered at th'e ancient town of Dilbat, near Uahylon. The tablets tell in graphic manner the story of the citizens, their business transactions, disputes and everyday life. They are not the usual royal edicts and records, but what may best be termed family archives. They relate to a very early period, being mostly dated in the reigns of the predecessors of that mighty monarch Hammurabi, who codified the Babylonian laws, and so were composed at the period of the first Babylonian dynasty. From these newly found tablets and previously deciphered references in the records of Babylon we now know that Dilbat was a small Babylonian town 011 that great masterpiece of Mesopotamian engineering, tho A rah t u canal. "The canal," says the correspondent, "must have kept near to the great river Euphrates, for it washed the southern face of Babylonian's ramparts and upon it opened one of the great city's gates dedicated to the god Urns. It led away southward to Dilbat, which, as the newly found records inform us, was built, between the canal and the Euphrates, for some of the tablets refer to pieces of property in land or houses, described as within the city or its suburbs, as bounded by the river, and others by the canal. As the present natives of the district will not reyea) the site of their And we unfortunately do not yet know precisely where Dilbat stood. "The Arahtu canal not only watered the soil and so produced the crops, but carried upon its surface the harvests it had created. Tims an old tebt lays It was tne "Dringer of the life to Babylon.' Dilbat was probably the great southern granery for the capital, for Hammurabi, in his long autobiographical panegyric boasts that he 'extended the plantations of Dilbat and accumulated corn for I p.* "When the Arahtu was first constructed it would be difficult to say, b'. t its benefits to their people caused the kings always to keep it in repair, and vice veysa, Invaders of Babylonia in war time damaged it as a preliminary to starving out. the capital. "The special deity of Dilbat was Ip, probably a shortened form of Nimip, and liis temple was called Imbi Anum, 'Proclaimed of Ann.' ' There was a city wall coeval with the foundation of the city, and restored by King Sumu-Abu, predecessor of Hammurabi. The town appears to have possessed three harbors or dies and a market, and one can imagine the busy hum of commerce upon its streets and wharves. \ "r; lie documents rescuuu irum us ruins almost all concern the sale or renting of houses and lands and fields or the hire and purchase of cattle and crops. Dilbat being the center of a rich agricultural district. The terms employed are common to all the Babylonian cities. The ground and the houses are clearly defined by the enumeration of neighboring properties and the names of the vender and purchaser, and at the end of the bargain the deed discloses comes the oath sworn before the god of the city In the temple and also an Invocation of the reigning king. The Dilbat scribes also added a clause placing the ones of any subseuent dispute of the deed upon the seller. 'For all the contests concerning the property A.'B.) is responsible.' Finally follows the names of the witnesses, and often also the scribe of the tablet, and generally several sig *~ ?-vf norennu rnnpprnfi<t Ilt'ia Wl IIIC (IVIBUMU "Legally the vender should always pen! the tablet, but If he has not a signet then some or all of the wit?nesses applied theirs. Properly speaking also, the tablets should have j been in duplicate. The first was in- j scribed and baked and copied, then a cover of soft clay placed over or around it and the document re-engrossed upon this cover from the copy, so that it could be referred to at any time by paying the required fee at the record office. "In case of a dispute as to its accuracy for an extra sum the outer! envelope was broken and compared with its interior duplicate text, and the litigant who proved to be in error in his allegation that the two versions were not identical paid a considerable forfeit, and a new outer case was placed over the original tablet and reinscribed. This procedure is mentioned in the Old Testament as inquiring of the outer and j the inner tablet of a deed. | "The fellahin with their picks and 2 MAY MEAN MUCH SEARCH FOR POTASH MAY PROVE OF GREAT VALUE. A men il men t to Appropriation Hill Suggested by Congressman Lever Affects Fertilizer Situation. A special dispatch to The State from Washington says James Wilson, secretary of agriculture, does not hesitate to express the belief that 1 the amendment to the agricultural j appropriation bill, offered by Representative Lever of South Carolina, will be of national benefit. lie has written to Mr. Lever expressing that j belief and congratulating him upon the important work he has accomplished for the farmers of the country. The amendment provides for an appropriation for an investifation to determine a possible supply of potash, nitrates and other natural fertilizers within the United States. That this amendment is regarded as the beginning of an undertaking of vast importance to the farmcis of the nation is shown by the favorable way in which this matter has been received by the agricultural scientists of the country. Mr. Lever himself believes it to be one of the most important undertakings ever put on foot by the department of agriculture. In arguing for his amendment, he set out cleaily and concisely the facts that the entire section of country which he in part represents is at the absolute mercy of a great German syndicate for its supply of potash, one of the necessary ingredients of a complete fertilizer. It was nhown that this country consumes $8,000,000 worth a year and it is of interest to know that of this amount at least 00 per cent is consumed in the South. According to a statement of Prof. Harper of Clemson College about $ i,4f>0,000 are expended for potash in South Carolina, while Commissioner Watson makes the expense to South Carolina for this fertilizer Ingredient slightly more than this. The freight from the German mines to this country amounts to about $f> a ton and this Itself, it is urged by the men interested in the outcome of the investigations authorized in tills amendment is no considerable item that may he safed if potash deposits are discovered in this country. Secretary Wilson of the department of agriculture is enthusiastic about his investigation. * Murdered Klectrocutcxi. James H. Allison, of Asheville, was officially electrocuted at Raleigh, N. C., Friday. Floyd McGee, in a quarrel over a woman. He was the flret u/fiito m j> ri oloft rnmi f nd in \f)l*t h Carolina. * shovels have, however, broken most of the outer covers of the Dilbat documents. These methods for the enregisterizaMon of transactions necessitating legal formalities to enable them to he cited as 'evidence' in the law courts, or the municipal tribunal (for in one case, at least, he Mayor was the judga) were sine'nr to those at other contemporary neighboring cities, but they possess their own peer Mar phraseology, providing that Dilbat had his own type of citizen, though comparatively an insignificant town. So a flourishing school of scribes and solicitors dauntless crowded the shady corridors of its temple and the halls of the god's t ribunal. "Truly its properity was but a reflex of that of Babylon, but the city's existence was not ephemeral, for it commenced with the first regions of .1 1 1 \ i ~ I.' 1 l11u ult'hl ik'ii',11 [iui 111^ * ii hto imii^o and endured until the Persian era. "The majority of the tablets found often merely register plots areas or 'orations, for most of the litigation was about boundaries. Others, however. are for loans or hiring agreements, one being for a period of three months only. Huzulum hires a bull from the great temple gods of Sippara, Shamash and Ala for a year. Doubtless the joint deities had a shrine at Dilbat and a farm for sacrificial cattle and did a thriving trade in stud cattle and rams. "People also hired out chariots and agricultural Implements, but loans wero mostly in money and seed corn. The interest for the latter sometimes amounted to 3 6 per cent, but it was payable in kind out of | what it provided, and if the farmer I had parted in the previous season I with his reserve of seed, because of la specially high offer for it he could afford to pay such interest to obtain a freah supply. "Some deeds concern the hiring of j harvesters, and they were often registered before the engagement matured by the crops ripening. A clause was therefore inserted that if the men contracted for failed to apnn'ir Mm ffirmer rould hire others at I ho price paid that season by the | King or his own estates, and it may he presumed that the person who had promised to supply the men made up the difference, if any. "Such was life at Oil hat, about 2,000 years before the Christian era, as revealed by the small clay tablets | that the patient industry of many intellects have for the love of science ; enabled us to read." WILL FIND A HOME DESTITUTE CHILDREN CAN NOW <iO TO COLUMBIA. Covornor lilcaso Approves tlio Act Entrusting Children to the Rescue Orphanage There. "Destitute, abandoned and unprotected" children, for whom no other | special provision is made, will herej after be committed to the care of the Rescue orphanage, Columbia, wherI ever they may be found In the State, j The act so providing has been ap 1 proved by Governor mease, and tne affixing of his signature made it effective. The act provides: That whenever any girl under the age of 14, or boy under the age of 10 years, shall be found by any policeman, sheriff! constable or other person in any county, city or town, in circumstances of destitution or suffering, or of abandonment, exposure or neglect, or of beggary, or in any house of ill-fame, it shall be lawful for, and the duty of, such officer to make report thereof to the probate judge of said county. Thereupon, such probate judge shall forthwith fix a time for the hearing and investigation of such case, as speedily as possible, and give notice of such hearing to the parent or parents, if known, or to the guardian or custodian of such child, it known. And such probate judge shall hear all the evidence offered before him and investigate fully the circumstances and surroundings of such child. And if, upon such investigation, the said officer shall find that said child is abandoned. or is being brought u i> in immoral or vicious surroundings, or without any atie quate or proper care or custody, a shall be lawful for, and the duty of such officer to issue a warrant ot commitment, committing eaid child to the custody, care and rearing of the Rescue orphanage, situated at Columbia, or to any similar orphanage in the State, devoted to the relief and eare of such children. The said orphanage and any other orphanage devoted to the relief of children who are destitute, abandoned or l>eing raised In immoral and vicious surroundings, shall have full care and control over any child committed to it, as herein provided; subject always to the right of the courts to inquire into the propriety and sufficiency of the care and maintenance being provided for any such child, and to modify or change the care and cuatory of any child, as the court may deem proper. That any auch orphanage to which a child has been committed as provided in the two preceding sections shall have the right to entrust any such child, for its care, maintenance, rearing, education and adoption, ,.0 the care and custody of any iiulivid? c - i? 1. i - 1, I i. uai or ramily, wiucu it may uitiu proper, upon such guarantees as may he required by such orphanage. Hut this right shall be subject to the supervision, investigation and control of the courts of common pleat for said State of South Carolina, upon appli cation made to the courts. CAN'T BK FOl'NI). T. Hawkins Missed Since Thursday ] on Broad River. The States says friends of T. A ugh try Hawkins of Sheiton are very I much worried over his disappearance. I'M. M. Scott of the Scott Bros, com pany, by whom Hawkins was employed, was in Columbia Friday night making inquiries. The last, seen of Hawkins was f> o'clock Thursday evening. He was out on the Broad river in a bateau. The regular ferryman was In Winnsbo ro attending court and Hawkins had poled some passengers across tho ferry. He was wearing overalls at i the time, his other clothes being in J tho store. He had no money with him. Hawkins is a nephew of T. B. Aughtry and a brother-in-law of Dr. LeGrand Guerry of Columbia, and is about 2 7 or 28 years of age. Mr. J Scott is very anxious to got any ini formation of the whereabouts of I Hawkins. The boat which ho was I rowing, or poling, has not been seen. * The Deadly Auto. At Fort Worth, Tex., Harry Sears, : a contractor, is dead, his daughter, Mrs. O. T. Uamos, is seriously injured, and the latter's husband and Miss Maude Berry are suffering internal Injuries as a result of tho wrecking of their automobile when the maj chine skidded, turning turtle. * Negroes Not Dosirtnl. The Dominion Government decidled to stop the immigration or nei groes from the United States, and, I stopped at the boundary a party which intended to go to Western Canada. The negroes are repareded as undesirable citizens. * ? Follows Wife to Grave. Unbalanced by poignant, ftrief over; the death of his wife, which occurred Friday morning at her home, at Warrenton, N. C., M. M. Hendlelon j fired a bullet into his temple and expired in 3 0 minutes. Their married life was an ideally happy one. NO USE FOR IT GtTornor Blease Say* He Will Hereafter lgoor< pardon Eoa d. HE ASSIGNS NO REASON Simply Says lie Has Wilidrawn AH Papers in Hands of Members and Will liefer No More to Them? The Ofllco is Not Abolished by li?W. The Columbia Record savs renorr ers who asked Governor 131 ease, Friday, what was the status of the State board of pardons, were told: "Well, 1 have recalled the papers that were In their hands and I do not intend to refer any more cases to them." Which means the practical abolishment of the board, if the uovernor stands by his expressed intention; yet the law requires tha: the board shall met regularly, on the first Wednesday in each quarter, and so it will continue to meet, its members drawing $-1 per diem and their mileage, although their occupation be gone. The governor has not the power to abolish the board, nor is it within the discretion of the board to neglect the attending of the reg ular meetings merely because the governor has pensod to r< for In if I any matters for consideration. The board is composed of Messrs. fl. Mayes Cleveland of Travelers' Host, C. A. 3ava?e of Walterboro and Washington A. Clark, Sr., of Columbia, Mr. Cleveland being chairman md Mr. Clark secretary. Mr. Savage's terra expires next month, Mr. Cleveland's about a year hence and Mr. Clark's two years hence. Mr. Clark said that he had not been advised of the governor's intention not to refer any more cases to the board, but that if the governor did pursue thia course, the board would have no choice but to met regularly, on the first Wednesday in each quarter, notifying the governor that it was in session, awaiting his pleasure, and, if he laid no business before it, adjourn; and so on until the general assembly should see fit to repeal the act creating the commission, or the boa id should go out of existence by expiration of the terms of its members. The pay of the board, Mr. Clark said, is limited to $4 per day for members while the hoard is sitting, and the usual mileage to and from their tinnio* nn nft'i/ii'i! hnuinoau The act creating the board provides that within 30 days from ihe appointment, said hoard shall meet in the city of Columbia, and organize, and at once notify the governoi of their readiness to consider any petitions he may see tit to lay i efore them. They shall keep a comply ? record of al! their proceedings, and hold same subject to the orders from the governor, or the general assembly. It shall bo (lie duty of said boamt to consider any and all petitions for pardons or commutation of sentence which may he referred to them by the governor, and to make their recommendation to the governor regarding same; provided the governor may or may not adopt such recommendation, but in case he does not, he shall submit his reasons to the general as sembly; provided, further, that the governor may art on any petition without reference to said board. Said board shall hold regular meetings at least four times each year, beginning on the first Wednesdays of January, April, July and October, respectively, and as many extra meetings as the governoi may, through the secretary, order. The members of said board shall receive as compensation for their services the sum .of four ($4) dollars for each day they shall be in session, not to exceed 20 days, and 10 cents per mile, one way, for the most direct route to and from such meeting; said sum to be paid by the State treasurer, on warrant of the comptroller general. Said hoard shall have authority to preserve order at Its meetings, and to punish any disrespect, or contempt committed In its presence. A majority of said l>oard shall constitute a quorum for the transact.on of husineps, and a majority shall rule in all Its deliberations. The members of said board shall hold no oth?r public office than that of notary public." Falls Heir to Fortune. The News ami Courier says L. II. Adams, a yeoman in Uncle Sam's service at the local naval plant, has been informed that he had fallen heir to a fortune of $27,000, left him through the death of a distant relative. Yeoman Adams' home is in Benton Harbor, Michigan. He has been in Charleston about nine months. * Hig Strike Still On. The Charleston fertilizer strike remains on with more than 2,000 ue-! yroea idle and declaring their in ten-1 tion to remain away from the works j until their demand for $2.10 is met.. There has b? en no disorder worth speaking of however and It is en-j tirely possible that the men may yet go back to work without the increase. DOING GOOD WORK PASTEUR TREATMENT GIVEN IN COLUMBIA FREE. Ninety-Nine Per Cent of Persons Bitten by Rabid, l>ogs Saved Says Rei>ort. The Columbia Record eays since the beginning of the present year, 19 persons, of various ages, have received the pasteur treatment for hydrophobia at the State laboratory In this city, at no expense to themselves except that of the cost of living. For a year or so past this department of the University of South Carolina, un der the efllcient^ management of Dr. F. A. Coward, has been treating this disease most effectively, and it is beyond question that through its in sirumenrauiy, a numoer or uvea nave been saved from this disease, which when once developed, can not be cured by any means now known to medical science. Five patients are now taking tlie treatment under Dr. Coward. This method of saving human beings from death by bites from the so-called "mad dogs" was discovered by the famous French scientist whose name it bears, and since that time, all the skill and knowledge of scientists have been devoted to perfecting the methods employed. It has now been reduced to a system by which 99 per cent of those bitten by mad dogs have been saved from the dread disease, which inevitably results in death. The process is interesting. The treatment is practically painless, and during their treatment, the patients are In t lDiprtv p*ppiit for a few miniiios each day. The treatment consists essentially in innocnlating the patients with the virus containing hydrophobia germs, very weak at first, but becoming gradually stronger, until finally the system is accustomed to the poison, and rendered immune. Thus when the disease develops, it is rendered practically harmless. Furthermore, the patient is immune from further mad dog bites for a period of nearly a year. When a person is bitten by a socalled mad dog, the first step is to examine the brain of the dog for serins of hydrophobia. If these are found, or even if not, if circumstances are suspicious, the treatment is given. Ordinarily, the disease will develop in a human being in from three weeks to six months. By beginning the treatment at once, the patient is saved. To begin with, a rabbit is innoculated with hydrophobia virus taken from the brain of some animal which has died with the disease. The virus is placed in the brain of the rabbit, and he is sot apart, for the disease to develop. This takes place in about - - -1 At. - 1 1 ? nine nays, i no <l111111<11 ih'cuiihii^ p.nalyzed at the end of that time. The spinal cord of the rabbit is then removed. cut in pieces, and placed in the cooling incubator, which is maintained at a temperature of 22 degrees centigrade. At the end of the first day a small particle is taken out, and preserved on ice in glycerine. Another portion is taken out at the end of tlie second day, and preserved in glycerine, and so on, for eight days, the bottles being numbered to show the number of days in the incubator. Those particles which have remained eight days are the weakest, being practically inert. In general, the patient has first in jected into him a small quantity of the eight-day spinal cord, ground up to the consistency of human blood. The next day, the seven-day piece is injected, and so on down to the one-day pieces, if the bites Indicate a dangerous case. The next week, the treatment begin again with a four or five day piece of cord. The treatment generally lasts three weeks at the end of which another injection of one-day virus is made. Ry this time the system of the patient has been gradually accustomed to the poison in its strongest form, and now when the germs from the bite begin to develop, they are practically harmless. It is a case of fighting poison with poison. This is the only way now known to treat hydrophobia successfully, but the success of this method is proven by the numbers which have taken it and were probably saved from death. Once it develops in the normal human system, hydrophobia is incurable. The treatment can do no harm, when well managed, even if there were no disease germs originally in the body. This department is operated undir the State government, ana all the expenses are paid by appropriations for this purpose. Patients who ha?o been bitten by dogs supposed to have hydrophobia, can receive the treatment at no cost to themselves except that of living expenses while in Columbia. This treatment is the same as that given by the pasteur institutes in various parts of the country. In this connection it might be mentioned that contrary to the nine-day ; idea in regard to hydrophobia, scientists state that it is only the smallest animals which develop the disease in that time. Dogs generally take about three weeks, and human beings sometimes wait six months after being bitten before showing the symptoms of the disease. The treai AIMED AT SuUTH Want Nigra Vote in This S^clioo Counted is Senator's Election. A REPUBLICAN SCHEME Would (Jive Congress Kight to Supervise Senatorial Flections in Event of Passage of Ilesolution?May I>e font the Resolution for Direct Election of Senators. In less than an hour Friday the Senate voted the Sutherland into the resolution providing for the election of United States Senators by direct voto; fixed next Tuesday as the time for voting on the resolution itself, made the case involving Senator Lorimer's seat tho unfinished business and received the Canadian reciprocity bill from the committee on finance. No sooner had Senator Ueveridge concluded his speech, in opposition to Mr. Lorimer, at 4:20 o'clock, than Senator Hale asked that the unfinished business be laid before the Senate. This was the resolution providing for the constitutional amendment for the election of United States Senators by popular vote. This demand met the approval of the Chair and the resolution was taken up. Almost before Senators could have time to realize what was taking place, the Vice President directed the beginning of the roll-call on the amendment. offered by Mr. Sutherland, eliminating so much of the resolution as takes from Congress the right to supervise Senatorial elections. The vote resulted in favor of the amendment, 5 0 to 3 7. Seven Republicans, Messrs. Borah, Bourne, Bristow, Brown, Cummins, Gronna and LaFollette, were recorded with the majority of the Democrats,, in opposition to the amendment. Immediately following the announcement of the vote, Senator Bacon, of Georgia, declared his opposition to the resolution as amended. While he had favored the measure as reported from committee, ho said that now it would b? impossible for him to vote for it. and he gave notice that on Monday he would address t I... I.. f 1, I n ?/. i 11v5 ofiiaic in rA|M?u?iiuu v/i uir> |?usit ion. It is understood that the adoption of the amendment will have the effect of alienating the votes of a number of Southern Democrats, as the result of the new law would be to force the South to count tho negro in all elections for United States Senator ? This is a direct slap at the South, and should have the effect of causing all Democratic Senators from defending Lorimer, who, with the other stand-pat. Republicans, is in favor of tho movement to make the South count the negro vote in the Senatorial elections. O, THAT IIAUHM SKIRT. It Must Go! Skirts a Woman's "Crowning Glory." The emtnine world is exercised over tho possible invasion of the harem skirt, or trousers. Concerning the new style, the fashion writer of the Baltimore Sun has the following: Tt is all right to talk about the harem skirt, but the sagacious readers of this column know full well that no normal minded woman will ever wear such a thing. The hobble skirt is inetrinslcally beautiful: the harem skirt Is intrinsically hideous. No feminine person, except Dr. Mary Waler, has ever been known to deliberately to assume trousers unless for purposes of disguise??not ever a suffragette. >A woman's skirt Is really her crowning glory, more so than her hair. It helps her to appear in varidus characters. Thus, when she puts on a very trailing skirt, she feels like an empress, and sweeps about in a way to impress the most unconcerned. How could she flounce without a skirt? We have all seen ladies flounce with indignation. Well, that flounce was 9 9 per cent skirt. By a ruffle or two on a skirt a woman makes herself plump, by a tuck or two she makes herself a soubretto. If she has large feet, her skirt carries first aid to the afflicted: if she has small feet it is no bar to their exhibition. When its wearer is sad, a skirt slinks down until it trails In the back; when she is Kay and coquetlsh, there is a delicious frou-frou to it. Trousers are ugly, they are unromantic, they are misshapen. No woman with a grain of the feminine left in her would assume them; she would never give up her beloved flowing breadths of material for them. It isn't necessary to say tlm harem skirt must go; it is enough to say it will never come. * ment can be given to advantage only during the period before tho sympI toms appear.