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-V # / VOL. XL THE VALUE OF GOOD COUNTRY ROADS. TUN NNKDON A I'KHMANKNV 8YS-' ? TNM IN ROAD BUILiDlNG. History ofIlio Movement lor Improved IIiKlnvti)8--A Matter lor CarrlYil .Study l>y AM Men. I Never before in the history of the United States were the necessities and advantages of good wagon roads more fully appreciated or more generally discussed than at the present time. ivoouir nan a century ago the question of good roads became a leading one in Tennessee State polities, but unfortunately party spirit ran very high in those days and political prejudice influenced tho minds of a vast numbe?* of voters and they were blinded to the State's future prospects thereby. Hut a dominant political party of that day, taking into consideration the im mouse advantages that accrued from tho early crude, costly efforts of tho early pioneers to establish highways for immigrants from Virginia and North Carolina to tho fertile lands of Middle and West Tennesson, succeeded in engrafting upon tho Stato policy a system of internal improvements by wh'oh tho Stato was to pay one-half tho expeuso in long time <? per eont. bonds and the promoters and contractors of all roads wore to receive tho other half of tho cost of construction in stocks of tho road. These stocks wore made valuable by reason of a generous enactment authorizing the stockholders to establish toll gates not less than ono mile from tho limits of any incorporated town and not loss than five milos apart in tho rural sections. Tho toll charges at all those gates wore fixed by law for every kind of vohiclc, loaded or empty, and for every kind of live stock, and printed eopies wore required to bo displayed in plain typo on tho outside of the toll gate houses at all times, day and night. With very few exceptions, the locations of tho toll gates and the lixed toil,through tho internal improvement policy by tho State dates hack to 1840 and was perfected in 1858. This policy was inaugurated and perfected by what was then known us tho "Whig party. Tho party went down in hopeless defeat in 1850 00 and one of tho grandest monuments to its memory is tho magnilicent macadamized roads in many parts of tho State that are still operated under the laws and penalties adopted by that grand old party. One of tho requirements was that tho charter of any toll real could ho annulled by the county court in any county whenever, in tho opinion of tho road commissioners appointed under enactments, the condition of tho roud was not kept up to charter requirements. Tho powers of tho county road commissioners were, however, limited to tho opening of the toll gates only during the time that the road was out of condition required. This feature permitted the stockholders to put tbolr roads in repair and again close gatos and exact legal toll. The policy has worked well in this Stato up to tho present date. The. State of Kentucky adopted a tq system of public road improvement somewhat similar to that of Tennessee, but it contained some defects that during tho past eignt months have given .. ,1.... t -f t 1-1- 1 i iou tv? i\ ^ i uuo urui ?m liuuuii; UUU many lawless acts. During the war betweon the States and for some years subsequent the toll roads of Tennessee and Kentuoky paid no dividends and fell into a condition far below legal requirements. In view of the great cost of putting the roads into a dividend paying condition, the stocks and bonds of the toll roads went down to merely nominal prices and woro scooped in by shrewd speculators and tolls exacted often when the roads were not up to legal conditions. No serious trouble, outsido of the courts, have occurred In Tennessee on this account, but in Kentucky the toll gates in live or six counties have been destroyed by armed mobs and in somo cases the innocent toll gato keepers have been threatened and assaulted. The Kentucky people argue that tho present owners of tho toll roads bought tho v stock and tho bords for a song ; that they aro now paying full 0 per cent, interest on the State bonds that paid for tho building and rbpairs of the road, and that the payment of tolls, to corporations that novor expended a dollar in their construction or repairs, is an unjust taxation. Failing of relief in tho State courts, they resorted to the only means left them for redress? 1 n ... Ill Ml 11 1 ^ II U lliwu l?l?. In Tennessee no such violent measures are popular, but there is a growing sentiment in favor of the purchase by the counties of all toll roads, making them free to public travel and keeping them In repair by luxation under the more or less excellent road laws of thp State now, and for several years past, in effect. Bedford County and ono or two others in middle Tennessee, whore tho best system of macadam roads in this country exists, have made moves in this direction, but so far nothing deilnite has boon accomplished. This much of what tho present genoration of readers may consider as ancient history, with a modern supplement, is doomed necessary to a full understanding of the motives inducing tho people of ibis State and Kentucky to ask for an improvement upon tho system of toll roads inaugurated half a century ago. Increase of population and production of commercial commodities with increased facilities of transportation by other means than wagons and teams have made tho question of good roads a very lively and pressing issue in nearly overy Stato iu the Union. Tho value of farm lands and timber lands depends largely upon their accessibility, and so also do tho values of the various products of farms, forosts and gardens. I n some sections of Tennessee tho transportation of lumber and logs by wagons ovor bad roads costs more for a ten-mile haul than for 300 miles by rail or river. Similar cond ition exist in all the States and the domand for better roads is general because it is in tho lino of economy. Over some roads in this Stat j tho extra cost, woar and tear of wagons, teams and farmors during tho past fifty years would more than sufPco to have built a standard gauge, double track railroad over their entire length. Tho growing agitation in favor of good roads has a deeper sign finance and will result in a more widespread i t * effect thun is supposed by thoso who have given the subject little or no thought, it begins to i)o realized that our national prosperity depends to a great degroe upon good roads, and in most of the older States we may confidently look for a thorough reform in the present methods of road building. This applies to railroads as well as to n.viintHnaSa All I O.AM> 1.. vuuumji i wrtvio. x\u \Ji bliuiu nuru UI 1^* inally b lilt with a view to economy and wit.i the expectation that both would bo Improved upon in location and construction when increased traffic would justify. That time bus arrived in many States and sections. Owiug to the vast extent of the United States and tlie comparatively sparse population we can not expect for many years to come such magnificent roads as they have in older countries, England, Germany and France, for instance, but we can and should begin now to lay the foundation for a system of road building that will ultimately lead to that result. One of the most powerful stimulants to the movement for good roads is the wide riso and growing popularity of tho bicycle, and it has made zealous converts to tho cause of better roads of thousands who would give it no thought as a mere economic question. Hut the putrons of tho wheel, unless they uro assisted by tho general public, will be apt to oxpend all tholr energies in tho construction of bicycle paths instead of wagon roads. The profits of the farmers and the lumbermen and the plcasuro of tho wheelmen and wheelwomen can all bo equally subserved by building first-class macadam or telford roads. Five thousand dollars will build a mile of macadam road in the most unfavorable location and it would be far more profitable to expend this amount to build one mile of durable road than to scatter tho same amount in temporary repairs over fifty miles of roadway, us is tho general rule. Til is matter of goon roads should receive tho careful attention of every person bccauso tho interest of twothirds of tho people of tho United States are directly involved. Some radical action on tho matter will ho taken within a few years. It should bo-thoroughly studied to the end that whor. action becomes necessary it shall lie intoiiigently directed. Our country is too old, too prosperous and too rich to make any more pioneer experiments in road building. Our existing highways are a reproach to our othorwiso highly developed civilization. They must ho brought up to tho sianuaru 01 oilier nnesoi progress and the work must bogin soon.?Daniel W. Haird in tho Tradesman. UlDlj Altl* ON i'OSTAIi AFFAIRS. Ho Tells of tho Times When Cotter 1'oHtaKO Was Twenty-Five Cents and Under. There is perhaps no invention or contrivance that has brought more comfort to mankind titan that of letters and their easy transmission by modern postal sorviee. IIow wonderfully cheap they are and how swiftly they come and go ! Only 2 cents to the utmost limit of the United States, say, 4,000 miles, and only 5 cents to ho carried across the ocean. It takes only 2 cents to carry a letter to tho City of Mexico, hut it takes 5 cents to bring one hack. My wife says that is hard on Carl, for besides his weekly lottor to us, he has many friends, and the girl he left behind hi.n, and his postage is quite a tax. Sho thinks 1 ought to write to President Diaz and Mr. McKinley and demand reciprocity, just for Carl's sake, hut 1 compromised with her by promising to inclose a dime in every letter I wrote to tho hoy. In almost every mail that comes sho is on the lookout for a lottor from some of the absent ones, and when sho gets ono sho reads it two or times and liles it away on her side of tho room. Tho morning and tho evening mail has bceomo as important an ovont in the routine of our daily life as our dai ly meals. It is an event that has grown on usand become indispensable. Time was when neither sho nor 1 received a letter a month, for sho had no lovor hut me, and I had cone hut her, and our postal system was a darkey hoy. It was like that of Zeb Vance, who received a note from some fashionable woman in Washington with tho mysterious letters, "It. S. V. 1'." endorsed on it, and when ho answered it ho put on ono corner "S. II. A. N.," just to keen no with societv. ho said. Who.n she afterwards asked for an explanation, he smiled and said: ,lOh, they stood for 'Sent by a nigger.'" I remember when the postage had to bo paid at the last end of the lino hy the person who received it, and it was 2"? cents if it came 500 miles. If less than that, but from out of tho State, it was IBS cents, and, and if within the State it was 12i cents. Wo had no decimal currency then, but wo had tho seven pence (12* cents) and tho thrip (<>) cents) and they were worn to tho quick from constant uso. Nothing told their value except their size. Wo received tho great United States mail twico a week and the tooting of the stage driver's horn as he rose to the brow of tho distant hill aroused all tho people of tho little village, and most of them gathered at the post otlico to hear the news. Perhaps thero were as many as twenty weokly papers taken in tiro town, but none of them rnado mention of murders or suicides, or lynchings or elopements, or baseball or football, or bicycle races or tho fashions, or rewards for guessing or* advertisements of celery compound, or photographs of men or womeu or babies, or tho arrival of anybody loss than a I'resident or a Governor. Hut in our Stato 'papers thero woro some little pictures or cuts of hasty departures runaways and all woro uniformly advertised: "Kan away from tho subscriber, my hoy Dick, etc., and I will give $10 reward for his apprehension." But now tho letters?ah, tho lottors that corno ovory day! Besides tho family letters from kith and kin, thoro are scores of lotters from good people who are working for church or charitv, or want information about Florida, or Mexico. Very often am I comforted with compliments i lovo to receive, and very often I got a goo I, long letter Irora somo oldtimo Georgian who for half a century has boon living In Texas or Arkansas, or somewhere in the great West. It pleas s me to reply to all und make the best answer that I can. i V OONWAV J i'orhaps I had hotter say just hero that I havo long since cc-ased to writo compositions for the school iriils or to as rfist the boys in thoir debuting societies. 1 wish sincerely thut I hud time to holp them, but I have not. I know how it is, for I used to get holp myself. Hut some of those letters are amusing. One recoived a few days ago is very urgent to have my opinion upon the propriety or impropriety of aohristlan man digging a storm p't and getting in it when the cyclone gives its warning. Is it sinful or not to show such lack of faith in God ? ilo says they are making a church question of it in his community. I have had several letters asking for ussistunco in guessing the missing word that the Constitution otTers a thousand dollars for. Thcso lettors, of course, are confidential, and some beg me not to mention it even to Mrs. Arp. Hut the delicious humor in one of thorn is the offer to give mo half the reward if I will disclose to her the word, That Is very like the generous fellow who told the boy thut if he would furnish his own hooks und lines and bait he would give hiiii half the fish he caught. Since my last letter about how to raise children was published 1 have had several very comforting epistles from friends and some from strangers. Kev. William II. Strickland makes mentlou of several families from old Gwinnett whoso children are ull grown and are estcomod by all who know Jthcm as good people?houcst, law abiding and temperate. lie names the throe sons and live daughters of my old friend, Jim Dunlap. Also the eight children of Kov. I). 11. Moncrief, , one of whom now lives in Atlanta and has five sons and five daughters, all grown upand all good men and women. John and Mary 11. Summons, his wife, had thirteen to grow to maturity, and they were all good. How rich those parents were!?richer than Vandorbilt or Aster. Anu so were the children of 11. W. Spenoo and Wush A lieu. Cine had eight und the other ten. Well, now, one of the reasons is that all of those families came from old Gwinnett, and most of the children were from thut old Summons stock that lived on Alcovy creek when 1 was a hoy. The lirst couple I o/er saw married outside of my father's house was Jim Ounlapand UebeuoaSatnmotis, ami J iin outmarrled himself when lie got her. That was an old-fashioned, country wedding, and it was a hig ono. They had turkeys and roast pigs end pound cake uma/.ing, and they hau thousand-dollar candlesticks all about, for every .likely negro boy had a torch. Hut tny wife and I left there fortysix years ago, and did not know that these good people had had so many children.. May all such bo perpetuated. And 1 have a good letter from Huena Vista, telling of old Dr. Uooso, who has raised seven boys and two girls, and they are all good, sober, industrious, Christian children, and hud a gentle, kind, loving, Christian mother, who is now among the angels. That is it, after all?the mother?the mother? the gentle, kind, loving, Christian mother. So I am encouraged to recall my apprehension concerning the black sheep being in all large docks of children. Bill. arp. i i i Stick toti^k Farm.?A friend of ours owned a good farm a few years ago, about two miles from a thriving city, lie and bis sons lived ou it, and had a tine homo, and were prospering slowly. Hut they got it in thoir heads that they could live easier and do bettor to move to town and go into some business. And they went, routing the farm. They borrowed money on it and put with what they had.and started a grocery store. He is a man of more than average ability. They all worked early and lato for sucess. Last year, however, was too much for them. They had to trust out too much and the laboring people had so little money, and there was so much cornpetition amo. g dealers to gut that, that tho weakest had to go down. The sheriff has sold the farm, and everything olso is gone. Thoy have nothing. As they are particular friends of mira uirt fn/il .1 nKli> , ,f v/ # v/v? * v? uimj dv/i i y mi Now, my good friends, don't you often think that farming in a poor business I ijnd wioli you wore out of it and at something else ? And don't you know that the usual result would bo about as described above? You cannot sell your farm and put your money into any business to day that is honorublo and legitimate und safe that will pay you as well. Let us look this matter squarely in tho face, then, and take courage and go ahead and mako tho best of our business. There is no chance to do any better, as a rule, nor as well, all things considered, with tho capita^ invested. I was talking tho other day with a shrewd old gentleman, who has considerable property, lie remarked " I keep enough money in farm land all the time to support myself and family well if everything else went to the dogs. I risk tho rest in business." There is nothing safer than good farm land. We have got enough, too, to support us well, no matter what comes. I'eoplo must oat, and farmers otiu always llvo,;On tho average. Tho groatcst business prospect on earth would not tempt wife and I to sell our land or put a mortgage on it. Wo have soon too many friends with great prospects go unuor. Wo will stick to a sure, safe thing. A family out of dobt, owning a good farm, reasonably improved, are well fixed In this world's goods. If you haven't got that far along, good friends, work for it as fast and hard as you can. Wo will do all wo can to help you. Go right to work, now.? Practical Farmor. * ?A young eocioty woman, of Marion, Intl., ha* been adjudged insane by a commission and will bo sent to an asylum. While suffering from mental aberration recently, she armed herself with u revolver and created a sensation by holding up a crowded street car. Sho was placed under arrest. Tho Supremo Court of Missouri has decided that women are eligible to hold any elect!vo olllco in that State from which they are not specifically dobarrcd hy statute. A supposed insane woman throw her two little children from a ferry boat into tho river at St. Ixmis, and then followed them. The children wore rescued, but the woman drowned. 3. C. THURSDAY, AF MYKltH Wllili NOT 1IANU. Ooveruor Kllorbe DellevcH i!??? Man W?h Unduly Convlctc-d?The No^ro Con loaned to 111m Captors With a ltopo Around IIiH Nock. Governor Ellorbe bus commuted to iiuprisoniiiuot for Hie the sentence of Frank Myers, colored, who was convicted of arson at Georgetown, and was sentouced to bo hung on Friday, l(>th inst. The Governor respited him ton days ago, bocauso tho day sot for the ' hanging was Good Friday. Tho Columbia correspondent of tho News and Courier gives the following ' statement of tho case : Myer's ease ha- attracted considerable attention, and there lias boon a ' very great deal said in favor of tho granting of the commutation of the ( sontonoo. There will bo no protest against tho action of Governor Kllerho in this ease, as there lias been a general | request for tho commctaiion since tho 1 facts of the case have boon known. Frank Myers is very much of a law- I breaker, but he has boon sentenced to 1 death for tho burning of an outhouse I in which no one slept, a crime for ' which no one has ever been hanged. Governor lOllerbo last week granted * a respite for a week on account of tbe 1 execution being fiv <' f i Geo*; Fiiii.?j, ' and to-day. alter i.caring argument, he 1 decided that under all tho circumstances lie .vould commute tho sontencO 1 to life imprisonment in tho poniton- 1 tiary. lie says that he has not taken 1 this action bocauso of his desiro to an- 1 tagoni/.e tho existing law, or through 1 any admission that Myers would never 1 have been convicted if Ills color had ( been dilToront, but because of tho fact that there is in his mind a considerable * and overpowering doubt whether Myers I would over have made tho confession 1 ho is alleged to havo made if lie had I not been threatened with lynching. There appeared before Governor Kllerho to-day, In connection with tho ease, Mr. Wilson, solicitor for tho circuit ; tho solicitor's brother, whoso property was burned; Mr. Huron Grior, who prosecuted tho cases, and Mr. Khom, who lost property by tho lire. It was brought out in tho testimony ottered to Governor Kllerho by Mr. I. Wilson, that a rope was put around Frank Mvnr's nnnlf anil I.tint, it until uftur the rope had been put 1 around bin neck and threats had been ' made that Myers confessed to what he did in the hope of saving his life. Governor Kllorbo is strongly of the ' opinion that if this fact had been ' brought out at tho trial, while Myers ' would huvo been convicted lie would ' have been recommended to tho mercy ( of tho court. Tho fact that such pros- 1 sure was brought to get the confession 1 was not brought out at tho trial, and 1 Governor Kllorbe and others aro docid- 1 edly of the opinion that if it had not 1 boon for tho confession, or what is I alleged to have been a confession, there 1 would never have boon a conviction ( without a recommendation to mercy. ' in addition to these facts Mr. VValtor Hazard, who bus worked hard for ' Myers, sent up to-day a hatch of alii- 1 davits and papers that hear directly on 1 tho case. S. VV. Kills and Charles W. House, members of the jury, say, under oath, that they did not know that Myers would ho sentenced to he hanged upon tho verdict that was rendered, and that they would never have eon- 1 sontcd to the verdict had they known that it would have involved a death sentence. An atlldavit is also offered, in which it is stated that one of tho jurors gave the impression that lie was in for hanging some one because he 1 had lost a barn by an incendiary lire, and it was his idea that it would ho a good plan to keep up tho hanging until his negro wus roachod?tho ono who ' burned hia harn. Theao aflidavits, together with othera, wore sent in hy Mr. Hazard, 1 with a long letter and atlldavit from ; him, in whieh ho shows that Frank Myora' eonfeaaion waa forced out of him, and that it waa not worthy of ho- 1 lief, and that Myora told the straight atory at the time of hia trial. Indeed, an affidavit ia offered that Pedro and Lawrence Myers were at a tar kiln ut the timo of the burning, and 1 that there ia no ground for the con- I viction of theao two men. 1 Mr. Hazard in hia correspondence makea out a forcible argument to show why Prank Myers should not ho made to suffer tho death penalty, and the i new phase ia presented that the father and brother were brought in hy tho < confession of Prank Myers, and that "the only evidence on which Lawrence and Pedro wore convlctod waa a similarity of footprints and tho confession 1 of Prank Myers. < It ia seldom that a eaao excites such general interest, and it was hecauso of the unusual severity of tho punish- i merit that there waa such a general 1 protest against tho hanging. i^1 i W" ?Congressman W. S. Holman, of Indiana, died on tho 22nd inst., at hia residence in Washington, after a month's illness. Mr. Holman wua in the 7f?th year of hia ago, and waa just entering on tho .'flat year of his connection with the House, where ho waa known as "tho groat objector." Ho hae generally boen a member of tho committuoa on war claims, commerce and appropriations. At tho last session of tho forty-fourth Congress he was chairman of tho committee on public buildings and grounds. He was chairman of tho cominlteeappointed by tho forty-eighth Congress to inquire into Indian affairs. In tho fifty-second Congress ho was chairman of tho committee on appropriations, and in the fifty-third Congress was chairman of tho r.ommittdfton [mli?n ulTnii-a ?The President has appointed Harold M. Sewall, of'Maioe, to bo envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to Hawaii. Harold M. Sewall gained prominonco during the last campaign by reason of his advocacy of the Republican ticket and platform, although his father, Arthur Sewall, was the nomineo of the Democrats for Vice President. Mr. Sewall had the endorsement of the Maine Senators for the Hawaiian mission. He was a Democrat until two years ago, whon he became a Republican. Ho is about IIS years old and is a graduate of Harvard. ? Do not toll what you are going to do ; if you do not do it, the pooplo will 1 laugh at you. "" T I DRIL 29, Til K Tt'ltKS AND TI1H OltKKKS. What the War Meant* Itotwci'n Hiohc Nations?The C'iuih<>h ami Develop meets of the StruKKlm Perhaps no declaration of war in rocent yours has created such wide* spread interest and excitement throughout the world as that made hv tho Sultan of Turkoy against tho nation of Uroeco. Tho attempted tnaroh of tho Turk dp to Athens, every foot of which ho would crimson with Christian blood, if the Creek army does not whip him at the start, will ho watched with intense Interest tho world over, lie will move, It is true, should he defeat Prince Constantino's army.^only so far as their Most Christian Majesties Wilholm of Cernianv, Fran/. Joseph, of Austria, Humbert, of Italy, Victoria, of Falkland, and Nicholas, of Kussia, and the president of Franco will permit; hut lie will go that far notwithstanding the protests of civilization. What is patriotism and right in the cause of Creeoo will he made subservient to the polities of Furopo. Tho hungry Musiulmun may he fed by nations calling themselves Christian with the possesdons of a nation of inferior numbers >n the pretext that those things are eossary for the preservation of the Dulanco of power of Furopo. The Powers, as these nations are called, are actively, though not more ipenly than necessary, allied in the in.orost of Turkoy. Tho preservation of ,ho OttDinun empire, they contend, vliilo an evil, is a necessary one if a jhock is to he kept upon the ambitions if the Kussians. Turkoy insolently declined to abandon ,o Greece the possession of certain jortions of Macedonia, whicli were jedod to it by treaty. For many years last Greece recognized, as did all ither nations, that it could count upon 10 active aid in reclaiming this torrlory from Turkey. A portion of it, dount Olympus included, appealed to .he patriotism of tho Greek with pe;ullar force. National pride was stir ed, anil there was formed the Nation11 League of Greece, which was largoy composed of ollicors of the regular irmy. There was no attempt to dlsrilisi* 1.11 >i i* imriuwiiu Tlwiu ?<>.l.> .otiso that their objoot wiih other t\ian .ho insistence, so far as thoy could, .hat their country should have justice. In Armenia they luid some allies, rhcro is a community of interest so ar as Turkey is concerned, between irecce and Armenia. King George looked approvingly upon thu conditions which lie could not fail to see lovelop. lie was not recruiting his iriny, but his people were fast becoming prolicient as soldiers. The National League saw to it that tkie peasantry wore drilled. Kuropo looked on with some amusement at first. It regarded tho movement with little seriousness, hut gradually thu tone of Greece became so strong and resentful that the Turk took notice of it. lie did this in hit} usual way. He mused an awful massacre of Crooks und Armenians in Constantinople, with no other design than to strike terror into the hearts of the Creek nationalists. Numerous massacres in villages followed. Benevolent old gentlemen in Kngland and elsewhere expressed horror and resolutions were passed declaring that the Turks must stop ; hut he stopped only when his lust for blood was satisfied. Thu powers lifted their voices, but not their guns. Greece was not ready for war at this Lime. The Nutional League had scarce well begun upon its elaborate plans, it wus a yeur or more away from the conditions which it desired to create. But the individual Greek could stand the atrocities no longer, in Crete some Creek priests incited tho people to rebel, and what at first only was a riot lias now developed into a war. Turkey sought to ciiastiso the rebels, and then Crcoco, as a nation, interfered. King George sent his fleet down there. Tho sympathy of Christendom was with tho Creeks, and the powers hesitated about permitting Turkey to declare war. They requested tho Creeks to get out of Crete. Tho Creeks declined to l'o. The Creeks also proceeded to take every place except tho towns protected by the guns of tlio powers, who sent their warships and threatened to blockade tho ports, so that no provisions could reach tho Greeks. Then tho Greeks sent an army to tho Macedonian frontier. Turkey, whieh had been supplied witii arms and ammunition by Emperor William, responded with another. * Two or three clashes ensued on tlio frontier. Each side denied responsibility for attack. Then followed the raids of Greek irregulars, backed by tho National League. Some small Turkish towns and some good stragetio positions were captured. < >n Friday night lighting began between regular troops on the frontier. Within twenty-four hours openly declared war followed. Tlio Grcok army on tho frontier consists of about 80,000 men. Tho Turks aro said to havo 1 .">0,000 mon with which to attack 1 'rince Constantino's forces. Tho Turks aro equipped much tho boucr with artillery, but tho Greeks roly on uprisings in Macedonia Hud olsowhoro to strengthen their forces and give tho Turks more to think about than a direct campaign toward tho South. HOME-MADE IIOHIGKV I'rogrUHH of tho Knitted Goods Industry in South Carolina. News and Courier. We have had tho pleasure of seeing and handling some of the products of tho Manning, S. (J., Hosiery Mill, which afford most gratifying evidenco of tho [.regress of tho knitted goods industry in tho'Stato. A very fow years ago thoro was not so much as a single pair of coarse stoekingsor socks knitted by machinery within the boundaries of South Carolina. Then a concorn which employed convict labor in tho I 'enltontiary introduced the business in the State ; its exampl i was followed successively by some enterprising citlxens of Che raw una ^nuneaton, wno omrmi'Kcu in tho manufacture of'comparatively coarsa half hono, for men's wear, and made a conftptcuous success of their venture, and now the now Manning I mill presonts both womon'u houo and ?gr py &AKI POWDER Absolutely fifuro. ColoVatod ft?r its great leavening strength and lioultlifulness. Assures I the food against iilum tind nil forins of adulteration common to the cheap brands. UOYAL MAKING l'OVVDKK CO., Now York men's half hose of " line " quality, and of such character in ail rospcots as to challenge competition with similar goods made any whore. It is a notable advance to be made in so short a time, and wo cannot say too much in recognition and commendation of the enterprise of the new company. The goods speak for themselves host. They are suoll as any merchant in the State can olTer lor sale with eontidenoo and pride in their quality and llnish, and any lady or gentleman can buy with full content. They compare favorably with any "line'' goods of their kind and grade manufactured without the State. Their colors are fast black and brown, of Kruno It dye, they are guaranteed to he " stainless,'' and they have double heels and toes. They ought speedily to displace all similar goods made outside the State, and we hope they will. Wo advertise them froelv and irladlv here, for iln? omMwwn of eaH'ng t ho attention of our merchants unci people generally to them. It is both u duty uml plpasuro to " patroni/.o homo manufactures" of such quality. It is to 1)0 notod that tho goods in question aro really of " lino " texture, and aro line enough for any lady's or gentleman's wear, as they present tho general appearance of the well known " Halbriggati " and other like goods. They would have made a groat " sensation " If they had been exhibited a few years ago as the product of a South Carolina mill. They should command tho trade of every community in the State whore they are exhibited now. They are made, as wo are informed, from line yarn spun by the Clover,? S. C. Cotton Mills, and are known as 1(10 " needle goods," and one of tho important lesson.^ they toacli is that Southern cotton mills should put in mule spinning " frames " and make line and soft yarn. The quality of tho yarn which they can obtain, it appears, is the only limitation on the fineness of tho hosiory and underwear to bo made by our local knitting mills! As wo have suggested before, tho population of tho South utTords a certain homo market for the products of hundreds of knitting mills, located in our territory, which outside mills cannot dispute with them, it only remains for us to make use of our opportunities to insure the retention within our territory of the millions of dollars which we have boon sending abroad every year heretofore to supply our wants for this class of goods. There are nearly a million and a half of people in South Carolina alone to he supolied with stockings and socks and underwear, of dilTerent grades. South Carolina mills should meet this demand in full. Tho Manning Hosiery Mill is well prepared to meet a large and important part of it. We commend its claims and its goods textile consideration of all our morc.td.nts and citizens who desiro to support our home industries without sacrifice of their own interests and tastes. t ? - ? WF-KKIjY CHOI* IH hLKI IN. Tlie Weather and Crops for the Week Kliding April 17, IH07. Tiio following is tho report of tiie weather bureau for South Carolina during tho week ending April 17th : Tho temperature averaged two decrees per day below normal during tho past week. The day temperatures wore warm and tho nights rather cool, with light frosts on tho mornings of tho lllh and Kith, which, however, did no noticeable damage. Tho highest temperature reported was Ho on the loth at White llall ; tho lowest wa.-> .'1.7 on the liith at Liberty and Saluda, and tho State mean for tho week was <10. Tho normal for tho suiuo period is approximately The rainfall during tho week was light over the entire State, and fell in scattered showers during Wednesday and Thursday. At quite a number of places no rain fell during the week. Tho heaviest weekly rainfall reported was 0.01) at Greenville. Twenty-two places reported some rain, the average amount being 0.10, and the normal for ther week is approximately 0.82 of an inch, ltain is needed to bring up lately planted cotton and for gardens, also to soften the crust on heavy lands that were, until recently, too wet to cultivate and which baked in drying. Tho light rains did not interfere with farm Iwui-k, wiuuii was uninterrupted during tho entire week. Thore vviw more sunshine than during any previous week of tho season. Partly cloudy weather prevailed on Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday, and generally elear weather tho rest of the week. The percentage of possible sunshine for tho week was 80, and the normal percentage is about 70. Tho nights were generally clear, with tho exception of Wednesday night. Tho estimated percentage ol sunshine ranged from 48 at Orangeburg to 05 at St. 1 'aul. Tho winds varied from brisk to light in force and in direction from norther 1 ly to westerly. The week was very favorable for thi : preparation of lands and for planting I and farm work progressed rapidly ovoi NO. B I tho entire State. Under the influence 'of bright Miln?hitie and drying winds oven low lands became tit to cultivate . Tho nights were loo cool for the best growth of crops, especially cotton and corn, which in consequence aro reported sickly in places but generally are growing nicely. Corn planting made rapid progress during the week and is nearing completion in the more easterly counties, and central portions of the State, where tho early pluntcd is corning up to good stands; but stands are damaged In the southeastern counties by cut and bud worms and by birds, which are reported very troublesome, necessitating considerable replanting. In tho western counties corn plunting is well under way, and early planted is corning up. Cotton planting Is now general over tho entire State, and about two thirds finished in tiro eastern portions. Karly planted coming up to fairly good stands, hut is not favored by tho prevailing cool nights. In the western counties where the season is late, cotton planting is given tho preference over corn in many place s. In tho tobacco districts plants aro line and plentiful. Considerable transplanting has already been done, and this work will become general when ruins come to supply the needed moisture. Ho .ting out tobacco is in advanco of last year. iviuu planting 11uh neon pushed during tho wook. In tho lower districts, ^ # Including the Combaheo.Sitlkohatohie, ? the lower Kdiito and around Charles ton two*thirds "f tie' crop planted : & but on tho Santeo and near Winyah . Hay planting la much delayed by high water. March rice coming up well. Wheat, oatn and rye are growing rapidly and look very promising, but need rain In placer. Ityo is heading over tho custom and central counties. i Sweet potatoes coining up in beds. Irish potatoes doing well, hut need rain. I'otato bugs have appeared in Charleston County, but aro not numerous as at this time last year. lie ports concerning peaches aro more favorable generally than last wook, and unless injured horeaftor promise a fair crop. Apples and pears still in bloom and apparently unharmed. Gardens growing slowly, but are yielding early vegetables over tho greater portion of the State. Trifcking intorosta need rain and warm weather for host growth. Favorable reports were received concerning all the minor crops usually cultivated at this season of the year. Tho fooling of discouragement has disappeared and farmers are pushing their work with energy. Tho National Hullctin of April 12 ' gives tho progress of corn and cotton planting as follows : " Corn planting - has continued, where not linishcd, in the Southern States. But little cord lias yet been planted in Tennessee arid none in Kentucky. Throughtout tho Ohio valley preparations for planting have been greatly retarded by excessive moisture." ,t "Cotton planting Is becoming inoru general and in active progress over the central portions of the cotton belt. Some has boon planted in North Caro urn uuu preparations lor planting are in progress in Arkansas. Cold weathor bun proved injurious in Texas." j. W. Uaijkii, Director. Tlio Whole Slory Of tiio sales attained and great cures accomplished by Hood's Sursaparilla is quickly told. It purities and enriches the blood, tones the stomach and elves strength and vigor. Disease cannot enter the system fortified by the rich, red blood which comes by taking Hood's Sarwaparilla. HOOD'S HILLS cure nauboa, sick lieaduchu, indigestion, billiousnoss. All druggists. 2.">c. ?A train was rushing through some swamps in northern Indiana. The track was fringed on cither side with u cat-tails," literally thousand of their brown heads bobbing around in the breeze. A small boy eagerly drank in the scenery. Ho was evidently a citybred boy, for lie presently exclaimed, " Mamma, I didn't know that sausages grow in that way." If you're in doubt whethor your trouble is indigestion o Dyspepsia, just take a few doses of .Simmons Liver Uogulator it will settle the whole question. "I have tried Simmons Liver Kcgulator for Dyspepsia and find it just the tiling to relievo mo. A small dose alter meals is sure to prevent Indigestion." ?S. S. I'orkins, Sharon, La. "it is tho best medicine to aid digestion."?J. J. Hlack, Duncan, Arizona. THE BEST SPRING MEDICINE is Simmons liver regulator. Don't forget to take it. Now is the time yoft need it most to wake up your Liver. A sluggish Liver brings on Malaria, Fever anu Ague, Rheumatism, and many other ills which shatter the constitution and wreck health. Don't forget the word Regulator, it is Simmons Livbr REGULATOR you want. 1 he word RRG* UI.ATOR distinguishes it trom nil otl^u* remedies. And, besides this, SlA\MO^f> i.ivr.r Regulator is a Regulator of wfc Liver, keeps it properly at work, that your system may be kept in good condition, cnu run hi unit ...i,,. n... . v, . V IFi.wvir l.W\C JllT\|7\Uia^ LIVRR REGULATOR. It is the best Mood purifier and corrector. Try it and note the difference. Look for the RSiD t < on every package. You wont find tt on any other medicine, and there is no oUnr Liver remedy like SIMMONS LlVtft > REGULATOR-the Kingof Liver Rem?4lM* , fk sure you get it. r l OTR Zeilin St Co., Philadelphia* Pm