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THE TESTIMONY; i tConttnued'frorn pago one.3 words spoken by either Gonzales or Tillman. 0. M. Lide. i Personally, appeal's Emma C. Melton, who says ou oath: I am, employed as clerk In the engrossing department of the legislature of South Carolina; that 3??|. '- in the afternoon of the 15th of Jan uary, 1903. shortly before 2 o'clock, I left the State house on my way up town. 1 walked down the steps on, the left hand side of the capitol build " lng, but crossed over to tue right or east side because it was very cold and I wanted to walk in the sunshine. As 1 was passing over Gervais street, where it-lntersects-wlth Main street. I noticed that I was walking behind ' three members of the legislature, Lieut. Gov. Tillman being on the out side of the pavement, Senator Brown on the inside; 1 did not know thc gentlemen walking between 'them at ~ the time, but afterwards learned that it was Senator Talbird. These three gentlemen retained that positian after they croised over Gervais street into Main. I have no doubt about this, because I knew Gov. Tillmau perfect ly and Senator Brown was an old friend. 1 was walking rapidly in order to reach the bank bet?re it closed, and for that reason it was my purpose to Sass said three gentlemen, when i saw Ir.N.G.Gonzales approaching, coming diagonally across the outside of the pavement on Main street to the inside -this was after thc three gentlemen named had entered Main street and were about at the transfer station on the corner, at the intersection of Main and Gervais streets. Thinking that we (Dlr. Gonzales and myself) would pass them at the same time, to avoid tho crowd, 1 waited for Mr. Gonzales to pass Hist. As 1 was looking at him, expecting him to pass, my friend Sena tor Brown turned and looked at me, but before he could speak 1 heard the report of a pistol shot. 1 was walk ing behind these three gentlemen and towards the inside of the Main street pavement. 1 was very near Lliem and could almost have touched Mr. Gon zales at thc moment of the shot. 1 have alway noticed that Mr Gonzales walked with his hands in his pockets. lt was a habit of his. 1 saw nothing unusual about him that day; his arms were down, pressed close to his side, and he certainly did not move them in any way up to the moment the shot was fired. I saw nothing and heard . nothing after tbat moment. 1 was so [ near Gov. Tillman (obliquely to the right of him as he walking north"on the outside of the pavement) that 1 thought it an explosion under tho pavement, the noise was so near and so great. 1 glanced down in a ilasb, and seeing nothing wrong it then oc curred to me that it was a pistol shot; so I ran, hot knowing who had fired the shot. My friend Senator Brown . came to my assistance, taking rmi across the street. 1 was looking at Mr. Gonzales until the snot wai tired with a view of speaking to him. He did not look in the direction of Mr. Tillman, lie was looking directly ab thc opening between l he inside gent leman (Senator Brown) and the transfer station, to w hich open lng he was walk ing and lo which 1 bad slowed up lo let him pass. Mr. Gonzales' face was perfectly placid: he had no scowl on it a nor was lie glaring at any one. 1 was looking ab him to speak to him when the shot was tired. 1 had no thought then of danger, was perfectly cool ant Helfpossessed until the shot was fired Mrs. Emma C. Mellon. Personally appears Arledge Ly les who being duly sworn, says: I attenc the fruit stand nt the transfer station on thc corner of Main and Gervaii streets; was standing in the transfei station door thc day James II. Till man shot N. G. Gonzales. 1 was stand ing to the left of the door opposite ti the first pane of glass, looking to wards the clock in the transfer ottlce and turned just as Tillman shot They were to my left nearer tho cor ncr;.that the tirst,tiling I noticed wa; Mr. Tillman with his pistol in Iii.' hand pointing towards Mr. Gonzales chest; Mr. Gonzales was facing to wards the State House, and Mr. Till man was on the outside of the pave mont, almost facing Mr. Gonzales and they turned and both faced ead other soon after the shot. The pis toi was very close to Mr. Gonzales After the shot Mr. Tillman hackee off from Mr. Gonzales towards thc drain, after wiping his pistol on uh coat sleeve, lie was looking in everj direction. I never heard a thing be fore thc shooting; after the shooting Mr. Tillman said: "You will lot me alone now," or some similar worth having the same meaning. When 1 first saw Mr. Gonzales after the shoot ing, he had his hands in lils overcoat pockets, as he always carries Hiern, and X am most sure lie had his thu mr. sticking outside. When I first saw Mr. Gonzales, just as the shot was fired, he was standing up straight looking towards thc State, house, and he bael almost passed Tillman; ono more step and he would have shot Mr. Gonzales in the back. lt was a long, blue, big pistol, different shaped from other pistols. After Tillman stepped hack from Gonzales, lie then took sev eral steps towards him and raised Iiis pistol as if he was going to shoot again. Mr. Gonzales was staggering by the corner. Tillman then dropped his pistol to his side, and when Mr. Gonzales walked along by the side walk towards The State newspaper office, Mr. Tillman followed along in thc drain, with his pistol in his right hand, pointed to thc ground, and then Mr. Tillman went slanting across the street car track, and turned and went around the car and then went to thc sidewalk in front of the town hall, then Policeman Poland arrested him, but he would not let him catch him by thc arm, and they went on down the street to police headquarters. Aller Mr. Tillman raised his pistol the second time I ran back to tlie fruit stand, but again came forward anti saw Mr. Tillman and Mr- Gonzales as 1 have described things. Arledge Ly les. Personally comes August Schlede ihan, aged ?" years and a Western Un ion telegraph messenger, who says on oath: That tlie afternoon ol' thc .shoot ing of X. G. Gonzales he was on tho street crossing between the opera house and thc transfer station, on thc corner of (Servais and Main streets, city of Columbia, S. C.; that just as deponent gob just beyond the street car track hear to the pa vernen I where the transfer station is and while he was going t o said station, he heard Hit pistol shot and saw Licht. Gov. .lamen H. Tillman,when he raised his pislol and fired af Mr. N. G. Gonzales, wi ic was only a few feet away from thc muzzle of the pislol when t he shot wa? fired; that. Mr. Tillman had been iq. to thc time of the shot walking up tia street with two other :nen, Tillman on the outer edge ol' the pavement near thc station that Mr. Gonzalo; was on the inside of the pavement near thc st al ion door when tia;shot WHS /ired, with his side to Tillman as if he was going around Hie three men walk -lng abreast : t hal Mr. Tillman said nothing uni i! he [ired, when justas he fired lie said, "1* received your mes sage." or like words; that, as the shot was fired a lady very near to Mr. Goo zales,almost within touching distance, screamed and ran oil, whereupon one of the gentlemen who had been with Mr. Tillman ran after lu .. and took her across thc street; thal when Mr. -ry-1 . ----"v----? w.ieuvnviiiuv shot,:Wheri Mr. Gorlzalea s?id 'some* thing to him which deponent did not understand; and that there;\vas a gen tletnah about that tim? who got be tween Mr. Tillman and Mr. Gonzales, but deponent did not know him; that Mr. Gonzales hold himself.up after the shot and if armed had plenty of time In which to uso his weapon, but he made no effort of that sort. , August Schtedeman: 'Personally comes before me-Joseph R. Allen, who being duly, sworn, says: I was standing at my desk the day of the shooting looking at Mr. N. G. Gon zales walking towards tho State houses His hands were in his overcoat pocket arid am positive his thumbs were out side. Mr. Gonzales appeared to be par ticularly pleased over soinothirig. I never saw the shot but stopped to the left as soon as .tho. shot was fired and saw nothing as a street 'car was be tween us.. Then 1 stepped outside my olllee and saw next a lady walking rapidly and a gentleman following close behind her. The next thing that I saw was James II. Tillman, who came around thc car and turncd,walk ing north. He had a pistol in his hand with a very small barrel-a black pis tol. Tillman had his head turned to the righi, watching the opposite side walk. Then Policeman Boland came and arrested him. The policeman walked up within four or five feet of him; they stopped and Boland said "1 am ari otllccr, and pulled his coat open and showed his badge. They were not over six feet from me. I could not hear what Tillman said, but he did not want to give up the pistol, but Boland took it out of his hand and car ried him over to the station house. There was some further conversation between them which I did not hear, but 1 heard Boland say, " I cannot al low a prisoner to be armed." lust as Tillman came around the car Mr. ISL G.'Gonzales appeared ; in vie w on the opposite sidewalk, between two men, Mr. LaMottc being oro of them, Mr. Gonzales' head swinging from side to side. Joseph R. Allen. Personally appeared W. F.Stieglitz, who on oath says: 1 am a merchant in the city of Columbia, doing business in sporting goods and a gun and lock smith. On thc afternoon before the day of thc shooting of N. G. Gonzales by J. H. Tillman, Slr; V. H. Dominick came into my store and showed me a magazine for ii Luger pistol and said he wanted one like it. 1 told him I did not have one hut could repair the one lie had. Ile said he wanted lt at once and I told him I could not repair lt ac once for him, for some time was required for the glue to dry, but If lie would leave it he could get it early the next morning. He then said. "All right," left tile magazine with me and went out. Mr. Dominick ?.'ame in next morning about ? o'clock. 1 handed him the magazine. Ile then exhibit ed a Luger automatic pistol, saying this is what takes the magazine, slid ing in the magazine as he spoke. Ile asked me the charges for repairing. 1 told him that I would charge him nothing; he thanked me and wont ont. Since, Hie shooting of Mr. Is*. G. Gon zales I have seen a Luger automatic pistol, said to be the same one used by .1. H. Tillman, and the magazine in said pistol appears lo bc Hie same magazine that I repaired at the re quest ol'Mr. Dominick. A few days after the shooting L was sent forby Mr. .l.l<\ Walker, clerk of the court for Richland county, and 1 went to Iiis ellice. I le showed mc a Lugerautoma tic pistol. Ile wanted me to extract ? lie loaded cartridges from Hie barrel, as he could not operate it. I did so and it was then that I noticed the magazine, containing several .oaded cartridges, appeared to be the same one that I had repaired. W. V. Stieglitz. Personally appeared before me a no tary public of South Carolina, W. .1. Iluiet, Mark Toney, Willie Clark, T. li Denny, C. J.Terrell, Lewis Holmes, C. B. Boat.wright, J. H. A. Williams and M. W. Clark, of the county and Stat e aforesaid, who, being duly sworn say: Thal they each for himself know Richard llolsonhack::, who is a resi dent of Edgelield county, and that they each for himself know Biella rd Helson backe's general reputation for truth and veracity in Hie neighborhood in which he lives and it is bad: and from his general reputation deponents would not believe ani statement made under oath by tiic said Richard llol sonbacke. M.W.Clark. Wi J. Iluiet. Mark Tolley; T. R. Dennv, C. J. Terrell, Lewis Holmes, C. B. Boatwright, ' .). Hi A. Williams, ' Willie Clark. Sworn to before me this 14th day of February, 1003. Wm. Toney, Notpary Public for S. C. Personally comes William Toney, of Johnston, S. C., in the County of ?dge field, State of South Carolina, wlio, being duly sworn, says: That lie is personally acquainted with Richard Holsonbake of county and Slat e above named; that on or about the nth day of January, he, Lewis Holmes, and Richard Iloisonbackc engaged in con versation in Hie store of C. IL Rech inan, in the town of Johnston, in thc county and State aforesaid, late in thc afternoon; that said conversation was relative to Hie shooting of N. G. Gon zales by Lieut. Gov. J. Hi Tillman. That the said Richard Holsonbaeke said he was an eyewitness to Hie affair. That he heard Tillman say, "I got your message," and then pulled Iiis pistol and tired. That when asked for further particulars, he, t he said Rich ard Iloisonbackc, replied, "That's every damn thing 1 know about thc case. William Toney. Before mo personally appears Lewis Hohnes of Wards township, in thc county of Edgoficld, S. C., who, being duly sworn, says: That lie and Richard Iloisonbackc reside in Hie same town ship; that he has known said Richard Iloisonbackc for over twenty years; that on or about thc 10th day of Janu ary, 1003, at Thomas Holmes' place (new house) in said county, at about Hie hour of 3 p. m., deponent engaged in conversai lon with C. B. Boatwright, Thomas Hohnes, Willies Clark, and said Richard Iloisonbackc: that dur ing said conversation said Richard Llolsonbaclce exhibited ? letter and re marked that he had been given ten dollars, and produced same; that saki money was given him to pay his ex penses io Columbia, S. C.: that he was going to gel a joh, but did not think he would get it, and that he had sonic oilier business in view that would pay him much better, or words to thal ef fect; that said money consist ed ol' two live dollar bills. Lewis Holmes. Personally comes William J. Clark of Wards township, in the county of lOdgc?leld, S. C., who being duly sworn says: That he has read the attached allldavit of Lewis Holmes and that thc matters and things therein stated arc substantially true. Willie Clark. Personally appears (>. I). Black, who, being sworn, says: I am thc l.'ag man between Columbia, S. C.. and Jacksonville, fla. I was formerly on the run . between Columbia and Augusta, Ga. At tho time Hon. .rames IL Tillman was coming to Columbia to count the oilicial ballot.,, about turee weeks before tho shooting pl N. G. (ion/ales, I was flagman between Columbia and Augusta, and heard the said Janies ll. Tillman say, in the siiioaking cur, thal he was going to whip or kl M sn id N. G. Gonzales: Along in November I was in thc Albion hotel t'? Augusta, With Bald JH. Tillman .and theil I saw a blue steel magazine pistol; said JamesH; Tillman intimal ed to me that waa the pistol bo In tended to kill J*. G. Gonzales with. I said, "Don't kill him, whip him." Tillman replied, "By God, I am going to kill, him?' Said Tillman pulled too pistol above referred to out of his hip pocket. O. D. Black. Personally comes W. B. Gaus?, a member of the legislature of-theiStato of South Carolina from the county of Florence, who being duly..sworn says: That on the 13th day of January, 1003. deponent rao't lames H. Tillman, then lieutenant governor of the State of State of South Carolina, in company with several . members ol the house of representatives; that while said mem bers, in Company with said Tillman and said deponent, were here In the city of Columbia, the question was asked as to wore we were stopping. Some of thc gentlemen's named their respective lodging houses and others told where they were Btopping, where upon Gov.Tillman spoke up and said, " When I left home I did not "tell my wife where I was going to stop at. I just Stuck those editorials that Gon zales had written about me in my .pocket and told her I might be stop ping in the penitentiary before I got back home." W. B. Gause. Personally comes ?T. Shorter Wat son, who on oath says: That "nc is a native of Edgelield county, now of Co lumbia, S. C. That deponent has known J. A. White of Edgelield coun ty for the past ten years, that his gen eral reputation is bad; so bad that de ponent would not believe him on oath. That on iuformatlot. und belief the said J. A. White some time ago was stricken with paralysis, from which he is now sulfering and which is perma nent in Its effects. And further on in formation and belief that said White is repdtcd to be over 50 years of age. II. Shorter Watson. ' Drs. D. S. Pope and Hubert Clayton, of Columbia, testilied that any one who has had a severe stroke of paraly ! sis is necessarily alTccted ment. Hy, arid such a one would be more easily in duced from snell mental weakness,and (to sei ve the purpose of anyone who would do him a kindness) could be, led as a child would bc, induced to aid such a person in any way that thc pa ralytic would not lend himself to if he had not had the stroke. Personally appears A. G. LaMotte. who, being sworn, says: Ile reached the side ol' Mr. N. G. Gonzales a few moments after he was shot on .lan. Kith last, and was with him con!bili ously until some considerable time af ter his reaching The State ellice, and until after the arrival of the doctors; deponent saw no weapon of any char acter on tile person of N. G. Gonzales and does not believe that a weapon could be removed from bis person dur ing the time he was with him without deponent seeing it. A. Ganicwcll LaMotte.. This affidavit was corroborated hy M. C. Wallace, Lewis G. Wood, Jr., F. C. Withers, L. A. Grifilth; M. D., and Jas. H. McIntosh, M. D., who were thc persons that lirst reached Mr. Gonzales after he was shot and took olT his overcoat. Messrs; E. J Wat son, W. E. Gonzales and .his. A. Hoyt, Jr., who worked in the ollice with Mri Gonzales,testilied that they never had seeu Mr. Gonzales with a pistol on his .person at any time. They had seen him hundreds of times io his shirt sleeves and had he carried a pistol in the hist ten years they could not have failed to have seen it. as they were in timately associated witli him for that many years. Personally appears S. T. D. Lancas ter, lie being duly sworn says: 1 am a member of the St ate house of represen tatives from Spartanburg county. On the 14th day of January, 11)03, the day preceding the shooting of N. G. Gon zales by James II. TilTrnan?J walked past Tillman, who was standing on t he outer edge of I lie pavement, in the Stale house grounds with Iiis back towards me, and I saw a pistol st ick ing out from the rear coat pocket, of t he said J.H. Tillman, t hen lieutenant governor. S. T, D. Lancaster. Frail?is W. Smith and Veddcr Zim merman, two twelve year old boys, stated that on a day previous tot lie shoot ing they saw a man with a pistol showing in his hip-pocket from under a Prince Albert coat, whom from a picture, they later believed to be Till man. They said he was on Main street near the State ofllcc, and seemed to be looking for some one. Next week we will publish the testi mony of the defence In rebuttal of thc above. We would do so this week, but the want of space forbids. Cnre ol'Nick Ic Ware. The nickel-plated teakettle which looks so llkesllver when it lirst comes into the kitchen, will soi n become tarnished and old-looking if it does not haye good caro. The proper treat ment is so simple that every ons who has a bit of nickel plating about lier Stove or cooking utensils may keep them bright with very little trouble, liogin at once, without waiting for them-to grow dingy, as ''an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure." Pour a quart of hot water over a tea spoonful of powdered borax, and wash thc nickelware with the solution, then wipe with a dry cloth, and polish with a piece of soft lianne] or.chamois-skin. A daily treatment of this kind will leave very little to bc done when tho weekly polishing day comes around. If a spot or stain on the plate and thc borax wash does not entirely remove it, dip the damp cloth in a little, sil ver polish, and rub the place gently. Thc stove rods, plates ariel oven doors and warming shelves need thc same treatment. Blown lo Atoms. ' The State says soon after !) Relock Friday morning residents of thc southern part ol'the city were startled hy a loud explosion ai??? subs?quent shock seeming to originate from tile mill village. Thc force of thc ?ex plosion was much greater than that Incident upon thc usual blasting at the quarries and tho general idea pre vailed that au accident of some kind liad occurred. And so it proved. News;soon reached tho main streets that ll) pounds of dynamite had ex ploded at the Stewart quarry, thc aw ful shook hurling heavenward thc mangled forms of til rec negro work men. As is usual many persons im bued by curiosity went to the scene. However, by the lime tho greater part of the crowd bad arrived what was left of the bodies* of the men had been removed and only silent pools of red blood and herc and there frag ments of clothing and gory hits of (lesli were left to tell tho story of the tragic incident to the morbid onlook ers. How tlie catastrophe occurred will probably never be known. Only tim thioC dead men could tell and their pathetic story is locked with their graves. ? ? A Costly Tree. . . The Atlanta Journal says "au or chard near Lebanon, Mo., produced $1,000,000 worth of apples last year..' That's nothing. A single tree.in the garden bf lOden bore fruit wiiidi has cost the world more than *2,O0o.0t>0, IOOQ.OOO. About tlio Discovery ?xj?awo i*r?mul Kntod BoAire Moses Lived.' ?'?} An iritovesting story from yiepha ls going, the rounds of tho press. It ls to the effect tb?t the welPknown AssyrJologist, Dr, Hugo Windeier, has published thoiiccountof the legis lation promulgated by King Amraphel of Babylon, which, so far as ls known at present, was the Urst book of laws ever given to thc world. King Amra phel lived 2,250 years before Christ, and is mentioned' In tho Bible as a contemporary of Abraham, so that his statutes were drawn up fully live centuries before the hiws of Mases. They number 282, and contain the following: "If a'woman who sells beverages gives bad value for tho money paid to her, she shall bc thrown into water." "If a wife commit adul tery, both she and her lover shalljjc thrown into water." "If a wife be a spendthrift, or ir she otherwise neglect her duties, her husband may put her away without compensation; but ii a man put away his wife for no other reason than that she has no children, hu shall return lier whole dowry." "If a betrothal bc rescinded, thc man shall pay the woman com pensa tlon." "A widow with grown-up children may not marry again without permis sion from a Judge." "If a doctor opens a .swelling of the eye and there by robs a man of lils sight, both his hands shall be cutoff." King Amra phePs laws also defined which classes of society were to receive "salaries" and ,whi?h "wages." A doctor was a day laborer and received wages, but a builder was a worker who had to bc paid in the form of a salary. Thc rate of payment lu all occupations was iixed as well as thc rent to he paid for a house. At Hie conclusion of the laws, Amraphel inserted high praises of his own work in promulgating them, together with terrible curses on those who should dare lo destroy the tab lets. SEVEN BAPTIST GOVERNORS. That Dchoiiiliiatioh l?an- Ucea Suc cessful in Southern 1'olitics. Seven governors of southern States have been invited to attend tho an nual convention of the southern Bap tists, which will bc held in this city, beginning May 8. In the list o? celebrities that will attend will he many of the ex-governors of southern States, President Eagle of Arkansas being one and ex-(!overnor Northern of this State, who is vice presiden!, of the convention, being another. The governors ot the suuth who are Baptists rule over the following States at this time: Virginia, North Caro lina, Georgia, Florida, Arkansas and Louisiana. The governor of Alabama is not a churchman; but his family are members' of a baptist church. The con volitions of thc lia ptist church are always noted for bringing together many of thc brightest minds of thc south, as it always includes in its makeup many of the leaders of thought. Thc mee tings nf the convention will be held in thu t alwin ide to ba built iii the park extensi?n soon, jr th. :1c sired permission can he secured for its use. It is quite probable that thc permission will he granted by the city council and a monster tabernacle erect ed which will he able to accommodate thc great crowds Mint will come. lt is estimated that at least 2,500 I visitors from a distance will be pres ent, and in addition hundreds more from all of thc nearby territory can be counted on to attend. Trie meet ing will bc a groat one and liiere is no church in the city tint I could begin to hold the crowds, as hundreds and hundreds of all denominations will he on hand, tor the occasion will be one ot' thc big events in cl ni ich life in the south during the year. All around Savannah is a large Bap tist population and these will swell the crowds Lo a very huge extent, and I the fact that there is a population of nearly 2u0,ooo communicants in the Stale, means that Savannah will have to prepare for a crowd.-Savannah Press. CRIMINAL STATISTICS. Tin? Number ol' Cuses Tried in Our Courts Last Year. The annual report of the attorney general of South Carolina, which hus been prepared, cntttains interesting statistics of the slate fur the year 1002. Between the anea of io ?ind 15 years tue te were 12 while, 57 blacks, 08 males and 1 female oirenders. Pet.ween 15 and 20years there were 2:i white, 220 colored, 238 male and lo female oirenders. Pet ween 20 and 30 years, there were 120 white, (i'll) colored; 715 male and l l female offenders. Between 40 and 50 years there were 50 whit--'. 100 black, 150 male and 0 female offenders. Petwood thc ages of 50 and 00 years there were lo while, 51 black, Ol male and .'I female offenders. The covictions were 202 white, 1.051 black: acquittals, 170 white, 305 black. Th? vitrions crimes arc thus classi fied; Against tile peace, 2u5 white, .175 ; black; against property, 105 willie, 757 black; against morality, 22 white, 2ii black; against the dispen sary, ;t:t white, 00 black Thc total 11 Umber ol' eases were 1,731; The several circuits given a total of 223 cases of manslaughter during the year. The verdicts in the cases that went to trial were'"gull ty," of murder or manslaughter, in all cases except h)2. which resulted in a verdict of guilty. 'l'aken I bi: (.'alee. Kansas is claiming the meanest man, hut we ure still inclined to rely upon that linn of New Englanders who came down *o tile Georgia coast and engaged thc negroes lac and near to "gather Spanish moss for them for hall' ul' what they collected." When there was enough on hand for half of it to lill their ships, they divided, loaded up and sailed incrily away, leaving tim darkies their promised share. Mother and Child Killed. ? dispatch from Willoway to The State says a heavy rain and wind Storni passed herc Monday afternoon about -P.'U). Not 'much damage to property" in (own was donc. A negro woman and chi Ul We're killed in Pong town hy a-fulling house. No other casualties are reported. EAC? Qt??STlON. Mrs. Teresa Dean Writes of Condi tions In the South, TWO STANDARDS ARE NEEDED. White unc? Blade. Shbuld Not Bo Treated A li leo. White Suprem acy Absolutely Necessary to Preserve civilization. Mrs. Teresa Dean, who writes for Town Topics! of New York under the designation of "TUe Widow," writes on tbe negro question generally from Columbia as follows: Conditions are al1, wrong In tlie South either for carrying out high, moral purpose, for instantaneous changes. The negro is the stumbling block. "Northern politics have placed him where, under tlie flag and con^ stitutionally, he bas the same prtvi leges as a white citizen. Politics did not remember that the negro in his natural state is a savage and in his civilized state a dependent slave. To give him his freedom does not take fro.n him the instincts of his nature or of the later servility; can not put into him force of character or ambi tion. Freedom, if it means anything to him, means doing as he pleases, with uo knowledge whatever of thc finer sensibilities that make thrall dom of one's conscience. Free as the negro ls, the Southern negroes must be led, or must be driven, or else must be given time and the right conditions for development into respectable law abiding, law-protecting citizens.: This can not be brought about by politics. Politics,. however, through franchise and wire pulling, can bring about a condition that makes the negro vote legal. Should this ,become general in towns where the colored population is the largest, it would mean disaster to the South and a racial war. This country is supposed -to be a white man's country. Even the most dar ing and unscrupulous politician would not in his senses assert that the stars and stripes are meant for more than to protect colored people under white rule. Yet, under present conditions witli colored political appointments rasping against traditions with com pulsory education being legislated reading and wrltting being the test that makes the negro a voter-our Hag does not seem much of a protec tion. Surely the problems of the South are a Chinese mizzle! With two distinct races in color and mental development there should be different laws-one for the negro, one for t he white race. I heard a promi nent judge, who luis been on the bench for years in South Carolina, say that lie always meted out much severer punishment to the white prisoner than to the colored; that ho considered the white man much more responsible for his sins than the negro; thal the in telligence of the negro fell lar below even the lowest class of white. Yet politics and the franchise place them equally in the affairs of the country! For very shame's sake, and perhaps to have something to legislate-these people seem to be indefatigable Legis lators-bill against child labor, bills for compulsory education and bills for bettering of ail condiciona in the South are introduced in the State Legislatures and tben fall flat dr be come inoperative because of struck qui) clauses or from the fact that the negro must he helped thc same as, and hy the side of, the white people. There, is no class of white child that will hit down by the side of a colored child in the soho--ls of the South. They can play together as children, but tlie black child fetches and carries for the white child and is still the subject as in the slave days. The great question of child labor has for lus strongest point the fact that while thc white child is employed in these mills, tlie negro is getting ahead in education. Thc negroes knowing that they are not voting citizens without thc know! edge of reading aud writing, and lie big taught that to vote is power, crowd tlie schools with a seeming ambition away beyond tlie whites. Their ambition does not go beyond thc franchise clause, excepting in rare in stances where ar. intelligent hair-an cestry has overbalanced the negro drifting instincts. Compulsory education which lias become a law In this State, has been made inoperative by striking out the clause lining or imprisoning parents who do not enforce the law. In every instance the incentive for this condi tion of things is to keep the negro be low the privileges accorded by tlie government, lt sounds badly to ad mit or assert that the South does try to keep the negro down, but the Southerners know the negro. They know Iiis possibilities and impossibili ties. They know lils condition is bet ter when entirely cared for by the white people than when he does for himself. They know he can not get on without tlie guidance of tlie white people. They know he lacks the reasoning power that makes an intelli gent, wide world in one accord, lie cause of this lack of reasoning power and the impulse that alone guides his actions, and with his ideas of license misunderstood liberty-the negro is the menace to Southern civilization as we gauge it from tho North. Thc negro is not held down by the South, but the negro can not he made into au independent citizen as a race. Ile must now and always he lcd. The Southerners know, as we do not, and in their knowledge ol' the negro character have the best interests of the colored race at heart. When franchises and politics get the negro on the wrong plane, then tho South erner must do the best he can for the Southern country, and thc result is li condition that makes problems. These "walking arsenals," this con stant, "killing his man'' in the South, this ever ready use cf a weapon that is concealed, arc indirectly the result ol' forced contact with lawless negroes. Ile ls a mighty brave man who goes, ut all times, without a weapon. Still it is not tlie custom to carry weapons. Many men say they never carry a weapon, and none ol' the better class o? men-the more intelligent class considers it necessary. Yet, thc most conservative, relined and broadest thinkers of this class will tell you in detail or thc unsettled conditions, and that there is risk in going without something for self-protection. "But," they add, "it is so cowardly to go armed." Thc colored people, if they can scrape, together chough money, always carry some kind of a weapon - a razor or a revolver. And you can never tell when you run up against the sharp edge of their impulsive un controllable tempers. Late at night you may "accidentally jostle' a negro; ho feels Insulted, Immediately whips out a razor or revolver, and can only bc subdued'by^w1[B^f6^tS???>*T?e ' most" c?ns??y?.t?vO'j-jn'^it who say.: the . revolver ls, ?ntiecessar'y will ?idd, "Well I must admit tba* every worn- . an who lives out bf tba city Jim Itu should go armed/' Whlt? w?imeii 'ure never Baie from. the brutality, of these black beasts." "Tho moat; intelligent men and women depbr? tho fact of r.he carrying of li rearms, and - really believe.themselves .when they; say: the j impression that it is a custom is erro neous. Yet they will tell you ot a time wheo they "really needed a re volver," or else of a time "it was lucky they chanced to have a revolv er!" - Two or three years ugo, a represen tative man met au acquaintance on the train who said, "I am going to , stop in Columbia If you think I won't run into a shouting; I declare I am almost afraid to stop there, your bul lets Hy so easily." "Nonsense!" said the Columbian; "you have an entirely wrong idea; you people of the North are always tilled with wrong ideas of the South. Just get off thc train and I will show you the most peaceful law abiding lit tle town you ever saw." The acquaintance decided laughing ly to run thc risk, fie went to the hotel, started out to see the town be fore supper, and at the tirst corner ran Into the worst shooting affair of the year. So he returned to the liotel? took his satchel, went supperlcss to the station and left on thc tirst train. I atrived hereat night. The next morning's paper had in the tirst col umn the killing of a father and son by a neighbor for some dispute over a deg, in a suburban district. Each day there seems to be an- allah- that values human Hie very cheaply, <buti tlie.su < dear, good people don't notice iti If 1 : .speak of lt they Immediately remind me of tlie cold-blooded murders, horri ble butcheries, trunk discoveries, man hole concealments, dismembered bod ies, saloon 'death blows and a few other killings we have in the North, and they have thc best of the argu ment. Tlie murders here are clean cut and sure, not dis li gu ring; if meth ods must be considered, these seem tlie most respectable. There are a lot of things these dear Columbia people refer to about the North If I try to get at conditions here. So i am being ' led to believe "seeing oursel's as 1 there see us," that the South is much more civilized-problems or no problems tliun the North. Anyway 1 am culti vating a humble and neutral spirit, and trying to have no prejudice', rio favor. A TERRIBLE CATASTROPHE. Seven School Cliihlron Killed in IV Collision. '; At Newark. N. J., a fast express on on the Lackawanna railroad o.?t through a trolley car crowded with school children at the Clifton avenu i \ Thursday. Eight of tlie children . were killed and a score or more ul' them injured. Both the express and trolley were on steep grades, going at right angles. The express was signalled aud the crossing gates were lowered while the trolley'car was yet half way down the hill. Tlie motorman shut oil" tlie power and applied the breakes, 1 but almost immediately the our-began- ? to slip along the icy mils, .lt gained tremedous momentum at the bottom 1 of the hill, crashed through the gates, directly in the track of tlie oncoming train. The locomotive plunged its 1 way through the trolley, throwing tlie children in every direction. The accident happened within three blocks of the high school building and in tlie car at the time were nearly one hun dred pupils. As many as thirty others had managed to throw themselves fruin the car before the crush came. The trolley was one of the specials which every day bring the children to school, lt had more than its ordinary load Thursday owing to the cold, lt contained every child that-.could' squeeze inside and many others stood on the rear platform. Because this car had been so crowded, many who, were waiting fon it before thc lilli was* reached could hot get on although some climbed on the front platform with tue motorman. A score or. mord, children were compelled to walk and. they followed the car afoot. Within live minutes as many dead bodies had" been laid side by side in the snow alongside the track. One of the bodies, that of a girl, was found a block beyond, lt had been carried there on the pilot of the engine. Load after load of the injured was sert t away in patrol wagons and ambu lances. Within a short time there was no injured person near the scene of the wreck and the dead were, on their way to the morgue. Tlie Knee Problem. - Recently in speaking on the race problem Dr. M tuart J. Savane, Pastor of a Unitarian "church/in New York said: ''Slavery would lmve'?ontinufe? to exist in thc North as it did in the South had it been equally profitable herc. Senator Tillman, whom I heard speak at a dinner recently, says that if the social and political equality are allowed the colored people, it means, in his judgment, a gradual . mixing with a mongrel race, thus degrading to the entire country. Tho black man cannot bc a white man with a colored skin. 1 have never been in favor of the kind of suffrage 'conferred upon the people in this country, either white or black. T would give thc bal lot to persons who have character arid intelligence enough to make good citizens, but it is too late nowv for that. Thc question is, what are wo to do now, ami I say I don't know. 1 would like to have the colored people scattered over the country in groups, and let them have control of some towns or small cities, and thus learn self government." Tho Ne^roo'H I-'ranetilse. The Augusta Chronicle says Judge William P. Eve, of that city, has re ceived a letter from a citizen of New York which indicates the growing political sentiment with re fe renco to the negro at the North. Tboiigh cer tain Republican leaders, for partisan purposes, are.agitating the question of negro su IT rage iii the South, it is evident that public sentiment in? dorsos the coiitse of those South?rif states that have provided in their new constitutions for the disfran chisement of the great majority of thc negro votes. lt is a pleasure to note-the success of the Bobbitt Chemical Company,.of Baltimore, Md., manufacturers of Rhouniacidc-, which is said to bc avery superior remedy for rheumatism and other blood diseases. This Company lias grown from a small beginning un til it is now one of the most'extensive advertisers in tho United States, using newspapers any other methods, also. '*1 ;?.'* .;?-?' . li . nw end scientific compound tondo.f] neither ?plate* ;noj^pwUmh?.^tt^#ttW< . rfcrumatltm ?nd ?ll blood.disease* "AnyS \ItlU safety. Doe? not Injure Ul? dlmU^' / TWO CU .;. FLOMHOB, 8. C., Aop. 10,:1003: Gentlemen:-I, began to sutler from rheumatism about tnro?y pars ugo, nutl - ;had lt v?ry bait In my limbo.- At times 'I could hardly walk. Was treated by a pby 81 ci taw 1t Uo ut bond? t.'Muro'than a roar ago. Mr. George Wilson, an engi neer on tho Coast Lino, living in Flor ??noe, told me that " HnEUM??mE" toured him. I got ii bottle- and lt bo.no <fitted mo. I: took flvo bottles ?nd nm now as well as I over was In my lifo. ? regard "RHKOUACIDB" ns a great medicino, j I 'know of others lt has ourod. - Truly, 8. T. BURCH. 3 Sold,by Druggists. ..Will.be.scnt c Bobbitt Chemical Co.'. iTLORs S w.Viii rokee Kem?dy'o? vy v TAYLORS Cher* ('ores'Cough*. Cold J, Wh<-o'pii Tlirout'ail'I Lung 'J roubles M;. lein and Ilouey^ Votir j)4jUg?is If.* .?r.full line of Hardware is not Our salesmen are out. . ' Coleman-Wagener Ha 363"KING St. " '."*'' j : -r-til iv I.AW-1'.ST- MA? ilifgir Oy?^ic.' Pia (VctiyVleSj Chicago A. ra ?r Charl .; . ,. *:/..^1 . : ou-r.it,-l.^a', >.MJ '. I>Iililli House, 282. Killi St..L 'arl? 1?AKOt 'AND' Off OAKS -.Sr 11 w >U. .or-our 0.1 ta i gue.ni. 1 terr**; A iui.lv.iu of Sheet .M-i'-.io air'.! THE './T?.-^LJE: t ?i?u?i??i 'Tiifvaii, oeo?s, IM??NOS, sr ?i"G AND i- JUMBB?, A:?!YQU Go?ai?Tsb? i^2? .-HnVilUU'S JJUMn i>tfi)iutHM?,U?- j . Commenting, ?ort thfi r-rcoeptlpn of Lhc ruiiuK />f ?.Justice Tope iu relmipg lim Tillman bail, the Columbia Record says: "If-tho decisi?n'-was* unexpected by a great majority <>r the ' people,'"il t-certaiiily .was--a deep and bit^^dt?fcippoiot,meivt to Tillman. .'So confident was he, .that he would be allowed balli that hu liad his bond j already signed, bj good surit ii s," and ' all that remained to bc doue was to, insert-, the aruuitnt, and oppose the sureties.. Jt is said that Col. Tillman, bad submitted ,his securities to Clerk of Court Waiker,' who had to'a pprove tbe'iu in order .that" tnere should be no delay In' furnishing tho bond and securing.his releaser ! Ileis very tired of confinement .and firmly expected to be set at liberty. ' The'decision o'f " I he j chief JustlcV' .?impl?tely^ iYps'et' lils-} plans."-'fy '. \ : ' s '.'"?' j Tr-ngeil>' 10 Crowded'St?-eeT. . The* grealesi'suciai' Min ?criminal* s'en's?^i?h"'l{'ah^^h-;'; &>?tb.V 1>ft* ever ' knihv'h developed at 4*20 o'clock .Satur day* tfftcrhuou-when, von '.J/ayctbevillc street; . Ernest Haywood, shot and killed'Ludlow .Skinner. The promin ence of both families ls marked.' 11 al - wood is a grarrdsoVr- of ?he late "State'-. Treasurer'Jrjhh Haywood ay ds son .of jthe-tlate* Dr..E. Iturkp IJ.aywood and, one., of . Raleigh's.' leading lawyers.^. Skinner, grandson bf. the late Mr. Ludlow ?if*'New York, arid a son of J.lcv...Dr. Thoma's E. Skinrrbr* pf Haleigh; ohe '?P the best knVw'n Rap- . tlsts 'in the south; At least a -bun--; dred persons "must have seen the; shooting, certainly -Chut number saw . thc victim, of Haywood's revolver as he reeled and fell upon his face on the car track in front of the post?nico and Yarborough house and not 40 rumor there is tliat tho tragedy grew out of a reported secret marriage in the. family bf dbe oJtr;.llie cum con cerned. '.__,..*' ' ' Clonk Room A tl re. j At Washington some little excite- ' ment was created'-in ' thc house of rep resentatives just before tbat b.idy con vened by the discovery Wednesday Of? a slight - blaze in the Mooring ol'the east rek'?rv?d gallijry. ' Tlie dooring liad become ignited from a defective j Hue In the Democratic cloak room and I when discovered about 15 feet of the j moulding was ablu/et ,T,he doorkeep; ? ers., and attendants rushed into the \ gallery Kind the bJa?o' waS soou extin guished. A few wisps of smoke! which arose from the fire lilied the hali with the odor of burning wood, but other wise the .members suffered no- incon \enicnce:wheii--*ho hou^e ntet^ ? -!"i-'-*^?-r i At Newport News two small schoo ners, the Unger Qiiarles and Decatur, laden with building materials,. sank in thc harbor Tuesday during a severe squall. Both will bc.JloaXecU. The crews osea i ?ed. i If you are not-'wi PR. HATHAWAY. ..0 .vant to kbnw tho .' .ri:ih a ho ui your |p>uhle,,8ana Tor my freo booklets und sell rxnminathni blanks. No. lj Nervous Debili ty (Sexual Weakness), No, 2. Vancoeele, No. . ^Striotore, No. 4, Kia .\cyaiul l??ulder Com plaints, No. 6, Dlsessa of Women. No. 8, Tho Poison King (Blood ?tolson). No. 7, Ca i-arrh. These hooks hhonUlbeln thehands of every person nfllint cd; .-.ft br.'nifl.thaway, Uso author, ls reco?- . nlKPd as tho best au thority nn.1 expert in Hi? United Htate? on V|h?*edisessVH. "Write or nnnd for th4 book yjwlwant to-day. and it will he sent you free, seahV. Address J. N?w \ ton Uotliftwny, M.I>- . . A.,. 88 Inman llulldlng Hroad Atlanta, Ga. ' rom roots, herbs and barks-<?ntajn? a? DIcoil and remove? tho ca u J ia oj nc cnn toko KMliUnACiDU Witto abso organs* HES." ' ; - P???i^Mlrt*8?o:f?Ai'g^ OoaUomen:-About two" years BRO I iad ttjery Rovofe ?ttac*of ???amma-.; ory rheumatism, i fcumirodtrreatiMUa ind WMi confluya to wy bodv?or??v??^ .y.'wo Physicians without pcrmaneut Pu<?rv, Curt, Harker, a 'conductor ott bo Atiantlo Coast. ?Uno heard of mr' ?onditiou auu BKM mu two bottles or ' HUBDIIAOIDE-" I booran to tako it md in ? wceit I. got up and walked on Hutches.. After takiuir threo bottle of he, rotuedy I Rot entirely wolf and ?eat bacl?o my buslnekb. I-personally know. of. a number of i.thor bad cases that woro cured by tho ?se of your medicino; in this town and ?ciulty. lt ls all that you claim for lt. Truly, J. L. 8ISKRON. _d?_ xprcss paid on receipt of $1.00. i'?!t;rt:orc, "iii., Li. S. A. E22SS Gum & Vf u-Heiu nu Cough, \j'.\'i t ipi e ? nd all de uf I'ure S wem (juin, Mul >t sella it 25 nu'i.fiu -belier than other, don't buy it. ? .* . /(jware Company CHARLESTON, S. C. Company, SUFACTURERS OF nbs and Organs cs. Illinois. ILLION DOLLAUS, $2,?U?,?00. iSt?n, S. (J. on Easy 'Terms. Before -buying Factory prices made, miall Musical Instruments in stock. .1. V:..WALLACE, Manager.': COMP?WY, ?v>N, S'.^C. ' BER & MFG. GO? ?iTr.P^OR FINISH, MOLLDi. a, ?. C. "lt is more economical and dura ble .".;iu<r is whiter than any ?White Lead over made. Will ; cover- more surface p?.und for !?pjin'd, and will nob chalk or -peel oil". ' Al! we ask is a trial. : '":* V?li SAliK BY ; i^o y t I I fe?STER N Li M h & CHM E NT COMPANY. .All classes building material, CHARLESTON, S. C.v Twice, Yes, .fully r.w'ce as quick. WH carry.a large crock of all ordinary tizna of Sash, Doora aiiVl B'iuda, and can ship im mediately upon receipt of or der. . Then our p ice, though not quite twic- na cheap, ia the b-st you can get Try u ? L (?15 Plain St., Columbia, S. C. SH Billers SuDDiy Co, ~ 2 O o o > ? = <i> rt 3 <u "li yA "'.SSO - Ix:-?. g si s? S ? ? ? (/) s Yw-WOSf?. ??- C- J- OLIVEROS, iiU^J^ .> . -SPECIALIST KY !. ..Ali, NOS IO AND THROAT. i? M I Spectacles Gimranteod, r ):.;.. N24 and M20 Id a rion Street Columbia, S. O. ..' .' i x r^t-, f f? CHARLESTON LCniei/ t V.U., south Carolina, gager's White Lime, Cements, Fire Uriels, Terra Cotta Pipes. -27-Iv. 'V-.',v? . (iiivKUNoit Hoyward has announced, the app:iintment<?f Vt R. Hammct, of RarirwcU, as State constable,, under thc recent, act. creating this important oftlce. Mr. Kammel is an excellent man firr trie place, and We feel sure he vvifl HU it to Inc satisfaction of,tho public.