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iltl? FREE SCHOOLS. Supt MoMahan Points Out De ficioncie8 in System. RECOMM EN DATIONS MADE. Homo of tho Nooda Are Crying One?. Should be Reor ganizad on a Scien tific Basis Tho anuual report of tho Stato aupor intondont of oduoation has boon oom ploted and is now in tho hands of tho public printer. Tho report is full of information about oduoation in South Carolina and it ia prosontod in an at traotivo manner. Tho extracto found bolow from tho intrcduotory portion will bo found of oonsidorablo pubiio in tcrost; tho rooommondations made havo boon givon by Mr. MoMahan af ter a oaroful study of oxiating condi tions: When wo rdlcol on the complexities of modern lifo in moral, social and in dustrial relations, and tho problems that aro pressing for solution, wo roal izo that ono's opportunities and obli gations in lifo aro meosuiod only by tho equipment and training of tho mind and oharaoter Siuoo tho Stato has n.cooptod her pro por insk of pro viding for tho education of her pooplo nbc cannot dieolmgo lu r responsibility by anything a ort of buch au oduoation a-; tho timos demand. Mor pledge ia to pr?vido for all tho pooplo nu cduoation ndtquato to tho demanda of lifo. To redeem thia pledge ia now rooognizod as tho primo funotiou of*a State Tho enlightened opinion of today gives to it a broader and dooper meaning than that understood whoo tho plodgo waa first givon. Tho oharity witton in tho past gonorationa gavo freo school cd uoation to tho indigent helpless for their own wolfaro was a aeod which lins gorminatod and grown, until now it io tho rooognized duty of hooioty aa an organic whole to pr?vido a auoooa aor to itsolf tit to tako up ita burdon of hil man nrmri-nuo at..I nrr.ug QGWSrd. It is a misnomor to say that wo havo a system of publie sohools. In tho na nni working of tho great majority of tho sobools in this Stato thuro is no bjfltcni, no orderly organization. JOaoh county Bupports it own sohools, with prsotioally no help from tho Stato as a whole. Eaoh district has as poor aohoola aa ita pooplo will tol?ralo-and in nomo districts anything will to tol erated. Each teacher worka along in hor own way, whatever that may bo, almost unintluonocd by thc txiatonoo of any other behool or school authority. Isolation roigna. Thia ia not inspiring --OF-stimulating. If, on the other hand, a toaobor wero fil.hg her a'aignod place in a eyBtom, she wt ubi know what Was expooted of bi rand feel her accountability to noe. m pl inti it, and abo could look with cm tide lice ft-r tho aid and onoouragemont that hbo might need. If wo had an adequate sj atom of edu cation from kiudergnrlou to university, or evon Buohiajatoui as our financial resources justify-und tho boat thought of tho Stato appiovca under tho oir oumstanoos, it would,not bo in thc province of thia report to rooommend legislation. "Lot well onough alone*' is a safo rulo where conditions aro toi * - orablo, and limo and growth will bring tho remedy. Char gos in tho law should not be mado unno?ossnriiy. Fully recognizing thc so facts, and oontout to trust to timo for many im pro vernen ts, I am, nevertheless, convinced that our ?-educational BJ stem has oortain fatal "!'?fqots, and that all elf orin atimprovo Orn.muH fail of tubstanlial results ?rjy tho necessary legislation thoso dofoots aro removed and tho system is put on a sound and safo basia for growth and dovolopmont. The stato superintendent of educa tion might satisfy tho public and mako lifo moro agrooablo to himself if ho would confino bia energies to tho don en! and routino dutioa of bia ofiioo. Ho might mako no ri comme editions but thoso for which pu olio opinion is idly frropnrcd. But thou ho would bo of ittlo sorvioo to tho Stato. If ho puta his heart and his oonaoionoo into his work-whon tho system ho ia doaling with is as dofootivo aa in South Caro lina-ho will find himself face to faoo with dutioa whoso importanoo is bo yond computation or expression and whoso oxtont is porhaps boy?nd tho power of any ono man to comprehend or accomplish. The law proBoribos that "it shall bo his duty to visit ovcry county in tho Stato as ofton as practicable for tho purpoco of inspecting tho sohools, awaioning an interest favorable to tho oauae of cduoation and diffusing aa widely as possible by pubiio addresses and poraoDal oommuoion with school offioors, teaohors and paronts a knowl edge of existing dofoots and of desir able improvements in tho government and instruction of tho said schools." (Section 2 ) lt furthor diioots that ho ahall roport to tho gonoral assembly plana "for tho management and im provement of tho sohools and for tho moro porfoot organization and cfli oionoy of tho Ireo pubiio schools." (Sootion 3 ) Upon him ia thus laid the apooial duty to investigate tho way to bettor sohools and to urgo its conclu nions upon tho minda and oonaoioncos. of tho legislators and tho pooplo. ito ia ahargod with loadorship in oduoational improvomont and ia recreant to his trust of. through indifforonoo or through {lolioy, ho dooa not strenuously Book to ead whon ho knowo what ia noodod. Tho law assumes that ho is qualified to lead in thoso mattora. However in ferior in personal qualifications, ho has by virtuo of his position spooial and poouliar opportunities aa woll aa obliga tions to acquaint bimsolf with condi tions and nooda in his Stato and wfth tho oourso of oduoational oxporionoo, thought and improvomont in other Statos. Whon ono is thua appointed to make a spooial investigation of a spo oial subjoot, and ia afforded tho facili ties for poraonal intorcourao with ox- , ports in that department and for study of tho litoraturo of tho suv joot, ho ia expected to apoak with moro authority than otb ors whoso labors and studies and thought have not boon thus direct od into this particular lino. ,. ty'jfl pos sible for a physician to bo mistaken i his diagnosis of a caso and Iiis prescrip tion of tho remedy; hilt tho patient who has omployod him will minaliv ac cept his judgment, v It is, theroforc, with a j?olunn sonso of duty to tho,tiuat committed to mo thatl mako recommendations; to. yeur honorable body thouohing the-"moro perfoot organization and dlio.iondy of the froo pubiio sohools." X?boliovo that as legislators of a sovereign Stato, responsivo to tho progrossivo domands of tho timos as wolf as-to tho oommand of tho constitution, you will give atkin* oat thought to ?ho quoaiion of provld* iog "a libo-ai syatoro of freo publio pohoola," which, now, wo havo not. All Hohool authoritioa aro agreod that tho ono primary essential to an oiUoiunt aohool ayBtem ia tho guaran too of export suporvlaion, and thoy aro furthor agroed tt?at a skilled pro fesaioual suporintondont or iuspootor nf ?fthool" OSj?MOt bo ??nnrrt?l whorn (1) tho Balary ia inadequate; (2), tho ton? uro short or unocrtain, or, (ii), tho ohoioo is by popular olootion. Our stat utory law for oounty suporintondonta of education oombinoB all throo of thoBo dofoota. Until thoy aro romovod thodutioBof inapootion and supsrvis ion oannot bo properly dono through out tho Slate, and it would bo a waato to pr?vido more aohool money. I know that many friondo of oduoation do not BOO thia. Thoy havo not studiod tho question. But thoy ought to pul oom o faith in tho conclusion roached by ali studonta of tho sobool promlom boro and in othor oountrioa. Lit tho sobool systom pr?vido export suporviaion and all othor wantB will , bo Buppliod. It is tho ono thing noodful, tho overshad owing nood. Salary.--Tho avorago salary paid oounty suporintondonts of oduoation in South Carolina ia $423 75; tho usual salary ?B $300 or $400. Thia is prepos terous. Tho o?ieo ia regarded and made by law insignificant, subsidiary to tho incumbent's private business, or a small pension for a good citizen. ' Poor pay, poor proaoh." In my an nual roport I urged an inoroaBO of tho salary of this c nicer in ovory oounty, and diaousssod tho qualitioa and work of a oapablo superintendent, stressing (1), his exeoutivo dutioB as a buainoaa and financial managor; (2), hia profoa sional work ns an expert, inspootor of schools and teacher and trainor of tonohors. I shall appond to this roport some extracts from what I thcro said. Tonuro of Offioo.-Tho Bamo argu ment tlint holds for tho ooniinuation of a faithful and efficient teaohor, gradod school euporintondont, oollogo professor or preaidonls, applies to tho euporintondont of tho sohools of tho oounty. A chango of management ev ory two or four years will retard any systematic work. A. now managomont, however intelligent, requires nomo timo to booomo aoquaintod with and adjuatod to conditions. Mea uti mo thcro is friotion, and friotion ia waato. Just when a faithful and oapablo officer be gins to get everything tonod up, un der control, roady to bo brought to high efficiency, ho must abandon tho managomont to ono to whom the wholo business is ontiroly now and strange. Possibly ho suirondora tho work though oongonial and inspiring, bo oauao ho oannot afford to give hia timo for BO small a Balary. Possibly ho is dofoatod booauso ho "has sor ved his two terms" or "has had it long onough." lt may bo that ho is dofoat od booauBO ho baa refined to prenti Luto, tho o iii oo to tho onda of a politician, and his opponent ia a demagogue that playa upon low passions and narrow prejudices, or makes unscrupulous combinations. Ile may bo dofoatod morely booauso ho is known to bo ablo to maso a living without tho salary and his opponent is in nocd of a pen sion, or booauso his opponent has moro kin in tho oounty, or ho is a jollier com panion. This is not tho way a mill or rail road or other successful bini ness is con ducted. Nor is it tho mothod for schools in ?States where public aohool oduoation bas provod moat successful Nor is it by this method that our town schools are operated Only our coun try aohools aro thus sacrificed. Like wise thoy aro subjootod to the frequont charging of teachers This ia tho fatal woaknoss in tho country sohools. This ia tho vital difforonoo botwoon tho oountry schools and tho town sohools. Aro our oountxy schools not worthy to bo givon tho samo advantageous managomont that is provided for tho town schools and thocollcgob? An oduoational system ia a great businoBs. A business, although con ducted by tho Stato, should bo con ducted on business principles. Tho faot that thcro is a tondonoy not to do this but to lot small politios control, ia tho oauso of tho Btronuous opposition >f so many intolligont citizens to the jonduot of any buainoaa by govorn nont. Improvement has always hoon iffootod by aboil-dung tho methods of politico. Tho ollioionoy of tho United Hateo Boionti&o bureaus, and of tho metal aorvioo, has boon obtained brough an organisation which ox dudoa politics and guar?ntoos thc par nanont omploymont of oompotont work irs In tho dispensary aystom of South karolina the neootsity haa boon ex (orionood for tho application of the arno prinoiploB. Shall wo do loss for iur publio sohools? Popular Klootion.-The law pro oriboB. no qualifications for tho offioo >f oounty suporintondont. Only in a ow oountios is thcro a eontimont vhioh insures that ho must have boen teacher. But ho may bo tho poorest rhito teaohor in tho oounty, In many ountioB it ia not oxpootod thar,ho shall 0 an oduoatod man. In a fow ho is ttorly incompetent. Ho may be a col J go graduate and yot by tomperamont oiuttorly unlit for tho work, In loorgotown, whoro tho whites havo an grooraoot to give somo offioo? to tho ogro majority, tho offioo of suporin >ndont of oduoation ia aolootod aa ono ) bo giVon to tho nogrooa-a fit indi ?tion of that oounty's oo :ooption of io aasistanoo tho whtto toaohors lould rcooivo from a euporintondont ' cduoation. Tho odored inoumbont an. intolligont man, and has dono uoh to bonedt tho toaohors of hia raoo 1 bia oounty. In Hamborg tho aupor itondont of oduoation ia the auditor, hia ia consistent with tho idea that he is none but olorioal duties. Tho rule i tho Stato ia that he shall bo no more ian a businoss man; but ho may not ) even that. As long as tho position is eleotive, it politioal and oxpootod to bo rotated, the suporintondont doon his: duty rohuouely ho will frcqiiontly seem to > hastening tho rotation prooonn. Ho ight to sottlo,,. l^i.vfeyAboiity - whore tat 1B tho only 'fromc/ty, tho. numerous fcooliqu^ 'tho ed-, ?tiohal interest in many oountry dil io't^G/IaelouWit to put his foot down i tho noodloas multiplication - :of ?teolS^whfoh fritters' away' the in oaaod sobool fund and hoops ?tho av ago aohool weak, and worthlOns. He ight/t<y, doo .that tho diatriots aro rmcd and tho schools located in ao rdanoo with tK?iliwotie^''efi'the'Von-' ifuUoh io. tho .bqBt. int0fcoats-<Ofy * the* !0p)b, whothor 'ojf uotit., anit?^oV?ry dy afc tim timo. lie ought-to seo that cry now^-.eejJOol houao ia built upon <V:bdut platff jtoiho' money, M lUt i trasteos shall bo impoaod Upon wtVh )rthloBS or noqdleaaly oxpenaivo hool flupnljos,^but ths.t tlroy shall bo foriAod ?ud?d?rootod'laft'to tho best r their partioular oirpur?sJahoflB. Ho ght to soo that no borliftoato of alifieation to toaeh shall bo grantod oon tin nod to an. in oompotont teaohor, on though she be.'tho aiator or tho tighter of tho strongest politician in tho oounty. He ought to BOO that eaoh toaohor shall mako tho propor roportB and loavo a proper record of tho work accomplished by each pupil BO that the Bucoooding toaohor may know what eaoh pupil has dono and should next begin, lio should bri og prossuro to boar upon tho lOaohorsto do bettor work, to nu provo tbemsolvos. Ho should diaoovor and uiuator out of aorvioo tho uooon sotontieus tesohers, tho tiuis-servers, who ?morely "koop sobool for tho monoy." Ho should look af tor overy do tail ol tho school businoBs of tho oounty and hold a tight roto, though with a kindly heart and a broadly, sympathotio intelllgonoo. Hat, would ho bo ro olcotod? Would tliero not bo a host to olcotioneor against him?-thoso whoso potty notions or sol Uah intorosts he. with a largo viow of tho educational intorosts of tho county, has orossod or balked? Hardly doos ho got his dutios woll in hand beforo tho campaign for ro oloolion is in sight. Ho is tempted to try to aocommodato ovorbody, to bo polito rather than to do his duty and mako a fow onomioB. Polioy diotates inaotion-do nothing, risk nothing, and you may bo ovorlookod, and allowed to oontinuo io oflioo. A MYSTERIOUS (JASE The Pitiable Condition of a Young Man in Columbia Tho Columbia Stato sayB thoro is a young man in ono of tho boat rooms at tho Columbia hotel who will probably havo to aooount, as soon as ho regains his sonsos, for tho appoaranco on his person of oheoks aggrogatfng in value about $4,000. Tho namo is not givon in viow of tho faot that ho may havo ro gistorod under an assumod ono. Tho wholo story is a poouliar ono though tho polleo and o thom inter, ?tod aro kooping their mouths shut about it. Tho young follow, who is about 30 yoars of ago, and who is said to havo boen iu tho employ of Soutbor Expr?s* ooinpany at Oharlotte, N. U, until ree, nt ly, carno horo a day OT two ago. Tho hotel pooplo say ho had probably $1,000 in ons h. What has become of it nono know, On.Thursday night from hoavy drink ing tho young man got into a torriblo atato. Ho had boon trying to commit euioido. Somo gentlemen who woro iu tho hotel about 1 o'clock Friday morning saw him go out. Thoy followed him, and acquainted a polioo ofiioor with tho statements thoy hadhcard Tho man was soon io ohargo of tho oinoor and takon to polioo headquarters. Lator on ho was oarriod baok to his room at tho hotol, owing to his condition. Pro yiously a bottlo of laud.mum was takon from Lis pocket. On getting him to his room an offnor was derailed to provont him from oomuaittlng suoido. Thia offi cer prooeodod to put him to bod. " Tho man aeemed to bo uneasy about a grip that waslooked, concerning tho key of whioh ho told several tales. Whon his trousers wore being lulled oil throo oheoks that ho had stuffed in tide slip pod out Ono was fir $2,200. anothor for $1.000 and another for $377 All woro signed by tho prosidont of Bovcral Union ootton mills and wiro payable to ibo ordor of tho Souther i railway agent at Union, who had endorsed them. Southern railway officials woro sum moned, along with otooT and an in vestigation started. About all that could bo learned as to tho rusult is that those ohook8 wcro tumod over to the Sou.horn Express oompiny at Un'oi to bo shipped to CliMdotio, on Dooom bor 3 Thoy woro addressed to a bank in Oharlotto, and, it is said, tho reoord shows thoy woro dolivorod. How they ouno to bo found hore is tho all im priant question. Tho mattor is ono of mystory and somo pooplo aro looking sloop over it. It is ocrtainly & oaso of many poouliar foaturos. Tho young man has boon able to say nothing sinoo tho finding of tho oheoks, his condition boing pitiablo. Suporintondont Sadler of tho oxjross ooinpany arrived hero Friday morning, and ho and Boute Agent Richardson, who roaohod hore at 9.30 p m , wcro in oonau/lotion during tho night_ A Greater flout h. "Alabama, Mississippi, Goorgia, tho Carolinas, Virginias, ovon Tosas, aro rapidly rising to a position in tho in dustrial world rivaling that onoo oe oupied by Massachusetts and othor Now England Statos," says tho Phila delphia Manufacturer. This is an hon ett oonfodsion on tho part i f tho Manu facturer, which goos oi to say that "tho roBOurocs of tho S >uth, roaching, as they do, untold, almost untellable, millions, mako pojsiblo u' position for boyond tho boundaries of our host mon's ambitions in tho days boforo our ooal, iron and othor minos wero oponod. With all hor natural wealth, tho South is not safo or socuro. What is wanted is boing urged upon hor by hor best businoss mon and by hor most thought ful Btatosmon. Tho groat need now is teaohnioah industrial art and oominor dal education. This is being urged by tho loading lights ia tho editorial sano tums of tho South. Tho building of mills will bo a botter paying business by and by if thc South is wiso onough to antioipato tho rivalry and oompoti tion that is bound to como. It is tho old story. Captains of industry, so nooosaary for success, must oomo in from tho outside Thia is irritating to a proud pooplo. Naturally they ask if others aro able to organiao and intro* iuoo higher forms of industrial, indus trial art education, why not tho South? Tho South aituatod as it is on tho Gulf, Atlantic, and not far in its wostorn parts from tho Paoifio, with its wondorful corn mtton, rioo, poanut and potato fields, of dion* kinds tho beat in tho world, with mal, iron and limo contiguous to oaoh )thor, with a wator supply peronnial ind powerful, with wator-w?ys cxtond ng far inland in ono ORSO, tho Missis dppi cutting into tho heart not only of .his oontinont, but running through mo of tho ri oben t, if not tho rioheat 'alloy on earth, must make groat ifforts for tho ono thing it nooda to put t into ? position to oompoto porma lontly. with not only Now England, mt with tho outoido world. What ?thors havo done, say el o quo nt South 'rn men. tho South oan'Mo, and the louth will do. Tho toxtilo, iron and grioultural intorosts of tho South hould soo to it that all kinds of schools tcoOsBary in tho toxtilo and iron linos ro added to tho oities and towns of tho louth. With thom BUCOOSB, progreso nd prosperity aro cor tain; without hom tho South will havo to orawl 'hilo oihoro movo forward ore ot, with onstantly-aobolorating spood." Tho boyo is sound sonso and tho gratifying art about.iit. is.wp, Southornors have tamed td \\ndors>.an;d, appreciation and refit by n.ueh .ploasarU locturos. '-'Xi , '"'ft'*' .? ,., ? Smaeiipd Mirrors. Mts. CandoNation,' proaidont of Bar or oounty Kappas W. O; T. U. ontor i trio Caroy Hotol barroom today ned i th a stope amashod a $300 tainting nd a' mirror valuod at $100. Mrs. Na? on..Moke mirrors in two saloons at dov/rt, somo months ago and doolar Uhore ia no law undor whioh si o eau oJpfQ?obutcd. Sho was lodgou'in tho )-rnty j tdl thia aftoraoon ohargod with lUlioiOus dosttnotion of proporty. THE YEA R'S RECOlil) Groat Ru?h of Oupitol Into lall K?nd? of Enterprises FACT8 AND FIQURE8 QIVEN. Cotton Oil Mills, Banks* Manufac turing and Other Concerns Classified Olficlal State ment Is Oiven. Sooretary of Stato Uooopor's report of tho KO nc ral assembly, tho oopy of whioh will be plaood ia tho hands of tho printer in a few days, will not only bo tho host over issued from that offioo, but will mako a romarkablo showing for South Carolina's businoss activity during tho past yoar. Tho incorpora tion of privato companies was plaood upon the soorotary of Stato's ornoo in 1888, and daring the 12 years about 2,300 charters have boon isssuod. It is a romarkablo faot that onothird of that numbor has bonn icauod within loss than two yoats. Tho romarkablo showing of now o?pital in oct ton mills published sovcral days ago, consequent ly, is not tho only ovidonoo of progross and entorpriso whioh it will show. Tho comparativo statement of ohartors ?ranted during 1900, by oountios is as ollows: Num- Capital bor. Stoolc. Abbovillo . ;. 3 $ 80,000 Aikon. 5 367,000 Bamberg. 1 25 000 Barnwell. 3 40,000 Beaufort. 3 72.500 Borkoloy. 1 10,000 Charleston .34 2 140 000 Cherokee. 4 222,600 Chostor . 3 105,500 Ohostorfiold. 5 255 000 Olarondon . 5 78,000 Darlington. 4 292 500 Edgofiold. 2 1,000 200 Fairfield. 2 6,000 Flor?nos . 2 27 500 Gcorgotown. 5 251,000 Groonvillo.22 862 600 Groonwood. 6 200 600 Korry. 4 18 000 ltorahaw. 2 202 5?0 Lanoastor. 3 40,000 Laurens. 5- 237,000 Loxiogton. 2 80,000 Marion.10 223,000 Mar'.boro. 5 265,500 Nowborry. 7 265,000 Orangoburg. 5 222.200 Piokons. 3 330 000 Richland......22 1,476,000 Sumter. 4 208,500 Spartenburg.16 1,860.600 Union. 5 921,000 York. .6 234,000 Total.209 $12 724,000 Tho above doos not inoludo, tor 1900 ohartors grantod to churches, railroads lodgos, sooiotios, or eleemosynary oor poralioof; nor doos it takointo oonsid oration thoso partially formed. Tho ab Dvc array of ftjuros represent iog tho birth of a number of corpora tions that will booomo important fao tors in tho fu'uro prospority of tho State. Inoludod in tho list aro th? fol lowing man nf ac'ur ing corporation? (exclusivo of ootton mills) Fivo with a oapital stook of $202,000 Tho Poroival Manufacturing ooci pany of Charleston, $16,000. Caroline Portland Comont oompany Charleston, $10,000. Carolina Door, Sash and Lumber company, Charleston, $20,000. Intorehengoablo Window Display oompany, Chostorflold, $100,000. Laurons Ku m i turo Manufacturing oompany, Laurons, $25,000. MoOoll Novelty Works, Marlboro, $15 000. Nowlory Handlo a?d Shuttlo oom pany, Nowborry $10,000 Union Hardwood Manufaoturing oompany, Union, $6,000 Three with oapital stook of $13,000, as follows: OharloBton Iron Works, $5,000 Chorokoo Foundry and Maohino Wt rks, $5 000. Q?b?wey hon Works, $3,ooo Two with oapital stook of $240,000, as follows: Riverside Paper Box Fto'ory, OharloBton, $15,000.' Royal Bag and Yarn Manufaoturing oompany, Charleston, $225,000, Two with oapital stook of $30,000 as follows: Spartanburg Loom Harness oompany, Spartanburg, $15,000 Andrews Loom, Rood and Harness Works, Spartanburg, $15,000. Willard Manufaoturing oompany, Riohland, $10,000. Citizens' loo oompany, Charleston $5o,ooo. Southern Harrow company, York $5o,ooo. Throe notablo companion eroated aro tho Goorgia-Caroline Manufaoturing, Anderson, tho Twin City Powor, com pany, Edgofiold; and the- Catawba Powor oompany, York, with an aggre gate oapital stook of $l,2oo,ooo Throo mining oompanios have boon oreatod as follows: > Standard Kaolin company, Aikon, $15(ooo Now Cut Mining oompany, Chorokeo, $2,500 Palmetto Gold Mining oompany Spartanburg, $1,000,000. Tho ootton sood oil and fortilisor oompanios obartorcd aro as follows: MoCormiok Cotton Oil oompany, Ab novillo $15,000. Pondloton Od and Fortiliser oom pany, Andorson, $20,000. Andorson Fortilisor oompany, Andor son, $100,000. Farmors' Oil Mill oompany, Ander son, $25,000. Cotton Oil oompany, Bamborg, $25, DOO. Etiwan Fertiliser oompany, Charles ton, $125,000. * Manning Oil Mill and Illuminating lontpany, Clerondon, $30,000. Fermors* Cotton Oil eompeny, Clar endon, $30,000. Poo Doo Oil end loo oompany, Dar ington, $30,000. Farmors' Cotton Sood Oil Mill end Ginnery, Groonvillo, $15,000. Tho now tolephono end oleotrioal lompinios ero ton in numbor end havo m eggrogete oapital stook of $766,500. Thoy aro as follows: Soe Inland Tolophono oompany and slehd Tolophono oompany, Charleston, 110,000 end $1.000. rospootivoly. Ashworth Elootrioal oompany, Ohos ot hold, $100,000. Goorgotowa and North Island Tole ?bono oompany, Goorgotown, $1,000. Ninety-Six Tolophono oompany Iroonwood, $1 000. B lon hoi m ?fe Brow ovillo Tolophono ompany, Marlboro, $500. Consolidated Tolophono oompany of OUth Carolina, Riohland, $100,000. ' South Carolina Long D?atenos Telo bono oompany, Riohland, *Rft,^fta" Glonn Springs To?0no. ?0WP?V. p'artenburg, $500. ' Oitiaons Tolophono ?ud Tolograph oompany, Spartanburg, $50,000. ^ Ton building and loan asBOoiations with an sggrogato oapitat Btook of $1,355,000;olovon banks wltbjao aggro gato ospital H tock $-115,000, and fif* tuon roal OB'a'o, savings and invost mont ?ouipaniof?, with an aggrogato oapilal stook of $841,?oo aro inoludod in tho year's record. Colored College Cloted Tho Columbia Hiato sayo Friday aftornoou Prcaidout Thos. 10 Millor of tho Siato Colored college at Orango buyj oallod on Gov. MoSwoonoy and prosontod ibo following for tho gover nor's approval, it boing priv?n as soon as tho govoroor bad road Dr. Lowmen'a slatnnoni: Hon Thomas IO Miller, PrOBidont Stato Colorod College Doar Sir: O ving to tho presenoo of fcstivoaulumnal malaria in tho teaob ing foroo of tho State Colorod oollcgq and of la grippo among tho students' and also on aooount of tho insufficiency of tho heating arrangemontB in Morroll Hall, produoing a muoh moro aggra vated form of said ailmonts, I rospeot fullv r'oommond through you to tho board oftrustooB that tho Christmas vaoation be extended until Fsbuary 1, 1901, *t which time I am convinced that tho atmospheric ir ll uenoo oausing tho cxtonsivo indisp >aition will havo boen dissipated, Sinocroly, J. W. L>winau, ML D. Physioian t> the Stato Colored Collogo. Approved: 0. 1). Kortjohn, W. R Ljwman lOxocutivo Committco. M. IL MoSwoonoy, Govornor and Chairman. Thoro havo boon tbroo doatha during tho past month in tho oollogo, tho first to ooour oinoo tho institution was opon ed The atudont body being somowhat panioky, tho faoulty boing shorthanded and tho boating applianooa bad, tho abovo aotion was doomed nooossary. Terrific Explosion Ono of tho most disastrous aooidonte in tho history of railroad building hap pened at Bakor oamp noar Durbin, Po cahontas oounty, W. Va., on tho lino of tho Coal and Iron railroad now build ing out from 101 kins. As tho result of a dynamito oxplosion six mon aro dnsd and sovoral othors aro not cxpootod to livo. Tho aooidont happouod at noon Friday whilo tho mon word at dinnor. Somojdynaaiito bad boon plaood about tho stove to thaw out, a?dnhortly after a torrifio explosion wroobed tho oamp. killod throo mon outright and injuroa oight othors, tbroo of whom havo B?OOO died. The doad moro blown into atoms, logs, ,arm? and hands, and otbor parts of tboir bodies boing found in diffor ont dirootions from tho little building in whioh they lived among tho wild mountains. Phyaioians hurried from Greenbank and worked all n'ght with tho woundod, somo of whom beggod tho dod ont to shoot thom instead of holping them to livo to b) blinded or maimed for Ufo. On aooount of indi rect connection1! with the oamp it is impossible to secure tho oomploto de tails._ A Rare BirdT Tho most striking Christmas prosont ia said to bavo boon that of Russell 10. Gard nor, of St. Louis, a looal manu faoturor to his employe*. Wo aro told that in winding up tho yoar's businoss Mr. Gardner dfsoovored that tho pro fits for the twolvo months oxoeodod his expectations and nooda by $10.000. Mr. Gardnor oonoludod to divide that amount among, thoso whose industry Mid application to his businoss had mado it possiblo for him to roalizo BO woll on hie invostmont^. Ho announood to thom that he would Uko to mako them a present of tho $10,000 on a basis of tho timo they had boon in his employ and tho worth thoy wero to the oonooin. Thoro was no murmur of dis sent. Drawing out his ohoohbook ho gavo away tho ontiro $10.000 within 20 minutos, one omployo reeoiving $1,000. Mr. Gardnor is 31 yo&ra old and bas aooumulatod a fortuno of $250,000 in 14 years. Although riob, ho noorna greatwoaltb. Ho says that money-raak ing is tho oasiost thing in tho world, and boliovos that every man at tho ago of 35 should bo ablo to rotiro with all tho monoy ho will evor nood. Ho does not boliovo in pooplo ohaining thom Bolvoa to business after they have got enough. Chips. "Maw, I guess I don't have to ?ut any lttnlin' this winter," ventured lit tle Willie. "Que?? again, ?on.' "Well anyway, I hoard paw tollia' Mr. Blake tnat ho bought $36 -worth of ships tho other night, ?4 I thought that ought to 1 fi f* t quit? a apell. '-Den. ver Tl mea. ' Too Satrsaatl Firat Theatrical Manager-I thought you wore going to put on "The Win ter'? Tale," and now you nre billing "Midsummer Night's Dream." Second Manager-Yea; I didn't like the nam? of the other piece. It sound ed too much like a frost.-Philadel phia Itecord. Wireless Telearrnphy. In an ascension made recently by Messrs. Vallot and Jenn and Louis Lo carme it wns found that it is possible to communient? by wireless telegraphy between the earth and a freely rising balloon at great distance?, without.any tonductor from tho balloon to th? f round.-Cosmo?. To Se* Herself. Mr?. Qlvom-Isn't Mr?. Loudlelga rath?r ostentatious about her charita ble works? Mr?. Roa a Um - Oat-en t allons? I mould cur ao. Why, that woman would i ko to have a pier glas? ev?r her ment?? vi oharlty.-Baltimore Axnerlean. Clearer Vision. She-Befor? w? wer? married yon toed to say I wa? tb? apple of your ?ye. n?-Maybe I did; but I've had my yo peeled ?inc? then.-Philadelphia bulletin. Pabilo Spirit. "Mr. Blggleson is quito a phllan hropist, lan't ho?" "Ye?. II? always draws up the sub. crlpt ion .papero ot lier po o y lo ar? ?ked to sign."-Chicago Tlmes-Her. lld. Verdi's New?. Verdi i? (Hooting- a home for enper mutated Italian nrtists of nil classe?, ilthough almost 00 years of ago, ?ay? ho Washington Star, he ls himself ar from being eligible to admission o ?uoh an Institution. Tho no oro t ?wy of the troasury has re livod from a town in the south a eon lenee contribution of $100. In tho ur HO of his letter tho sondor says that ) dofraudod tho' government out of vonuo tuxes on tobooeo for that amount 1871 -72 73. It is a pity that the eon Sion ooo tff those pooplo who have ?alon usrtUit of the subscription to ifm could not bo awakened. f m ?0* THE i Grove's' Thc formula know just what y< do not advertise tl their medicine if y Iron and Quinine p form. The Iron malaria out of thc Grove's is thc Or Chill Tonic? are ir chat Grove's is s arc not experimen and excellence h only Chill Cure s thc United States. To Improve the Ltaple. Tho Boston Journal of Commoroo is authority for tho statomont that tho United Statos doparlmont of agri culture is now ongagod in a sorios of oxperimonts with a viow to producing a spooio of hyhrid cotton that will havo a staplo of a flnor quality and greater length. Tho experiments aro being oarriod on at Charleston, 8. C. Tho objoot of tho tosts is to produoo a cot ton that will havo a staplo as long and firm as Soa Island and ono that* can bo 6rown in tho cotton holt, Tost aro alao oing mado with all variotios of Egyp tian ootton. Tho dopartmont is very rot loont in regard to the suoooss of tho oxporimonts, hut it is rumorod. with how much truth wo oannot say, that tho tests aro mooting with fair suoooss and should they bo as Bucoossful as is ho pod will be tho tho oaso, our southorn plantors will bo ablo to produoo a oot ton that will havo a staplo tho oqual ol any now hoing grown in Egypt or in any foreign oountry. From what wo havo boon ablo to loam, says tho Jour nal of Commoroo, wo asoortain that tho now varioly of hybrid ootton will not only havo a longer and furor grado sta plo than our upland ootton, but that it will also possoss Bovoral other advanta ges ovor our prosont staplo. It is re ported that these plants possoss muoh woro vigor than do tho prosout ones. That tho bolla havo muoh moro ootton in thom, and that those boll) aro muon oaaior to pick. All of thoso advanta ges, if oorroot, should mako tho ootton tho suporior of tho prosont Egyptian variotios. Tho nooossity whijh has lod to those oxporimonts is tho alleged fact that our up\'*nd cotton is of such short staplo that it oannot bo successful ly used in making tho finest linos of] ootton goods. Tho tondonoy of ootton manufacturing is towards flnor grados, and it is stated by tho Jot mal of I .Commoroo that "wo havo not got a| singlo truly Amorioau colton that oan bo used to spin good yarns abovo 80 s Sea Island ootton oan bo used for yarns as fino aa 10O's; and Egyptian oan oasily bo spun to 180 sj but whon wo como to tho host grado of what is classed as truo Amorioau ootton it is hard for tho I spinnor to go ovor 7fr's to 80'e." Tho1 Augusta Chronicle says tho dosiro for finer goods has made tho demand for a cotton of floor fibre, and m&nufaotur ors it is claimed, look to Soa Island ootton or to Egyptian ootton to got tho staplo that is noodod. It is in tho of oultural department is now experiment ing. It is vory ooi tain that tho vast bulk of ootton in tho world is our American ootton, and it is usod not only in this country, but in all o-mo nies whoro ootton manufacturing is! known. Can it bo possible that it isl not suited for tho finorgradoB of oloth? Talking* Through Bia Hat Viotor Smith-"Tip of tho Tongue,' in tho Now York Prose-carno south on a Christmas visit to bis father, "Bill Arp," at Oartorsvillo. Ga., and Bonds to his paper, a Republican organ, somo Georgia impressions, We give the fol lowing samples: Whorovor I go mon are discussing tho cow whito man's llopublioan party in tho south. It is tho settled belief that al) the negroes aro to bo turned out of offioo next March and that their places aro to bo givon to rospeotablo whito llo publioaos. Tho wholo south ii alivo with good oitizona who will join tho Re publican party as soon as tho disfran chisement of tho colored brother is completed. Thia is no idlo thorory; it is a condition. Gotrgis ia a stato of a singlo party, and hor legislature is perhaps tho rot tenest aggregation of ambitious states men this proud ropublio could furnish. A member of assembly from Gwinott county is so ashamed of himaolf and so disgusted with tho lato eosoion of this body of law breakers (trot maker*) that ho has refused to amopt his hono rarium of $4 a day from tho stato. Ho declares ho has not earned it. This ia a proceeding hithorto unhoard of in Goorgia politios- Tho strange man's mino is Perry. To rosoue Goorgia from hersolf and hor 80,000 demooratio ma jority is tho ambition of many domo orats who will join tho ropublio tn par ty in tho noar future. Whenever a ootton mill or a faotory of any kind is built in tho south tho domooratio ma jority is reduood. Tho Augusta Chronicle, from which paper wo clip tho abovo Bays it gives it without comment. Nono is noeded. This Goorgia born gentleman BOOS through a glass darkly. Wo should Uko to havo a photagraph of "Bill Arp" whon ho roads somo ot tho son's pro ductions. $100 Reward, 9100 The madora of this paper will be pleased to loam that thoro is at least ono droadod disoaso that aoienoe has hoon ablo to ouro in all ite stages, and that is Catarrh. Hall's Catarrh Oura is tho only positivo ouro known to tho modioal fraternity. Catarrh hoing a constitutional disenso, requires oonsti utional treatmont. Hail's Catarrh Ouro is takon internally, aoting directly upon tho Wood and mucous surfaoos of tho ayatom, thomby destroying tho foundation of tho disoaso and giving tho pationt otrongth by building up the eon? Btitution and assisting nature in doing its work. Tho proprietors have so muoh faith in its ourativo powers, that they offer Ono Hundrod Dollars fer any oaso that it fails te euro. Soul for list of testimonials. Address, F. J. CHENEY & OO. Props., Toledo, <). Sold byDrugglsts, 7Bo. \ j mi Hall's Family Pilla ara tho ba fkinf 3 ? i av?a, Chills ^ JEST PRESCRIPT Tasteless Ch is plainly printed on cv?ry oil arc taking when you take icir formula knowing that y ou knew what it contained, tit up in correct proportions a acts as a tonic while thc system. Any reliable druggis Iglnal and that all other nitations. An analysis of oth< uperior to all others in cv ting when you take Grov aving long been cstablishe old throughout the entire i No Cure, No Pay. Price The Terrors of War. < Tho Augusta Chroniolo vory truly nays people who woro uoablo to find words in whioh ndcquato'y to exproas thoir o ndoncmatioa of Sher man's burning of Columbia and Atlanta, and many hous?s along his "marou to tho eoa," hear with muoh oomplaisanoo of tho looting in China, tho work of dosooration and doVABtation in tho Philippines, and tho brutality and inoondiniisin in South Afrioa. Winston Churchill ?ofenda tho dostruo tion of homos in South Africa, and says "if you havo a right to kill a man you oortainly havo a right to burn his house" War doesn't givo tho right to murdor help'.caa non-oombantants, and though savages maseaoro womon and ohildron, it is not rogardod as log I iniato warofaro by onlightonod nations, j To say that soldiors have tho right "to j burn homos and dovastato landd, loav I ing womon and ohildron, houioloss and boggarod, to dio of want, is to oarry modorn war baok to tho standards of barbarism. Cbarlos Williams, who is a veteran war oorrospondont of olovon I campaigns, and ono of tho most din jguishodmilitary journalists in Eagland, ?writing in a rooont numbor of tho Spoakor, ha9 thin to say: "it has per haps osoapod notioo how many senior ?oilicors bog*nto oomo homo justas soon I as thoy understood thc now polioy of "donuding" tho country; or burning homcstoads booauso a railroad Bovoral milcB off was brokon in.tho ordinary courso of war; of looting farms of all that oould bo oarriod and burning or blowJJ j ing up tho rout; of leaving womon ana ohildron on tho baro, oold voldt; of foroing folk against whom somothing j was suspootod, but nothing oould bo provea1 tfJCfjPt tho absonoo of thoir malo adult?, to oonoom';vk'nv in tho towns whoro thoy had no moans or*subsistence; Bonding out bands, without an otoo jr, with ordors to burn ovory homo thoy oamo aoroBS-for all whioh thor? is abundant ovidonoo ovor tho signatures of tho vory mon who woro so disgustod with tho j )bs put on thom that they oomplainod to thoir fathers* and moth ors at homo? I do not say all tho of floors roferrod to oamo homo booauso thoy doolarod thoy oould not stand that sort of work; but thoro woro sonia. And I fifty, with Homo exporionooof half barbario warfaro, that many a Turkish goneral in 1877 would have boon ashamed to oarry on a oampaign as Homo part of ours has boon oarriod on in South Afrioa. THE Constitution follow tho flag said Mr. Bryan in the late campaign, and ex-President' Harrison now says the same now then Mr. Bryan was right I thing. If Mr. Harrison is right) two months ago, and I^r. Mc Kinley wag wrong. Saw Mills, Corn Mills, Cane Mills, Rice Hullers, Pea Hullers, Engines, Boilers, Planers and Matchers, Swing Saws, Rip Saws, and all other kinds of wood working machinery. My Ser geant Log Beam Saw mill is the heaviest, strongest, and most e?&cient mill for the money on the market, quick, accurate State Agent for H. B. Smith Machine Company wood working machinery. For high grade engines, plain slide valve-Automatio, and Corliss, write me: AUa?, Watertown, and Struthers and Wells. V." 0. BADHAM, 1826 Main St., Columbia, S. 0 Murray's Aromatic Mouth Wash Whitens the Tooth Cleanses tile Mouth Sweetens the Breath Murray Drug Co., (CQJUI;MBIA,?. ?o ..i ?n? anfl^?^w^l ..a?ng ?t?tr An ,/Ar?to thom. All thj ^-gr'oos. i 'ION l$i ill Tonic. bottle--hence you Grove's. Imitators ou would not buy Grove's contains ind is in a Tasteless Quinine drives thc t will tell you that so-called Tasteless :r chill tonics shows 'cry respect. You c's-its superiority d. Grove's is thc malarial sections of 5 oe. to Bett our Line of Machinery anti Mill Supplies. --LEADERS: L*ne, Chase, dog?, Lid.toll ami High l'oint saw milla The Murray Cleaning and Distributing System. .. Liddell Automatio and ptain Hughies, "filoux" Oorllw Engines. "New South" Brlok Machinery. Farquhar Throshers uud Uraln Drlli?. Dlsston Sans and Files. Pearle?? Paoklngs, SjeTene Honor Pipe, and Supplies genorally. Erle Oliy Engines aud Boilers Igen Woodworking Maohinery. "ijaeen of the Boutn" Urlst Mill? Kelley Duplox Feed Mills < Bundy Traps and 8team Speolaltlos Magnolia and Columbia Babbelt Metal?. .Y. H. Sibbes * Co., MAOHINERY and MILL SUPPLIH8 804 Gervais Btroot, COLUMBIA, H. 0. TBL LEADER INDEED. The New Ball Bearing Domestic Sewing Machine. lt Loado in Workmanship, li o au ty, Oapaoity, Btrongth, LigbiRunning. Every; Wom*z Wants One. Attaohmouta, Needles Par tn for Sewing Machines of all makes. When ordering needles send sample. Price 37c per dos?n, postpaid. Agents Wanted in Unoeoapied Torr! tory? I, L. Bli ULL, 1219 Taylor Street, COLUMBIA, 8 O 5 " !/ OLD NORTH STATE OINT MENT, the Great Antiseptic Healer, cures Piles, Eczema, Sore Byes, Granulated Eyelids, Carbuncles, Boils, Cuts, Bruis es, Old Sores, Burns, Corno, Bunions, Ingrowing To?nalls, Inflammatory Rheumatism, Aches and Pains, Chapped Han As and Lips, Erysipelas. It is something everybody needs. Once used always used. For sale by all druggists and dealers. At wholesale by THE MURRAY DRUG CO., Columbia, 8. 0 ? Ortman fays the Express Steai^ ?yeiug of every defjoriptlon. Steam, N^p tba, Ftenoh Dry ; and chemical cleansing. Send for our new. price list and oironlar. AU work guar autoed or no charge. Min's Steam Dye Works 1810 Main Street COLUMBIA, B. 0 A. L. Ortman, Proprietor. PITTS' ".7'^" Gare? La Urlppe, dyspepsia, ladtae?Uon Ad all stemaeb and bowel tro ubica, ?oilo o? helera morbus, teething troubles with Mldren, kidney. trouble?, bad bleed and di torte of ar ?, rjoinga or felon?, eu? and' wrns. It \\> *? gooden tlioptlo, when lo fe? Hy ,pp?ed, as anything on tho harket. Try lt a*d you wi? pra}?? 1? t* others. I your druggist doesn't keepit, write lo . MURRY DRUG COMPANY, COLUMBIA, S. 0. ... rvaato j?reaue KSHifSSsStSlBfHHnN