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From thfl American Farmer. I The Cotton Worm?Southern Impobta. ( tions, &< . i Clinton, Miss. Sept. 9 h, lflJW. i J. S. Skinner, Esq.?Dear Sir?The , prospect of co ton lets changed very much siacethe Is: August, for that lime we have had no rain at all; and with the dry weather came myriads of worms on the cotton, and destroyed it very much. How they are produced uq ojie knows. They attack tlie forms first, then the blooms, then the young bolls, and even eat those that are full size before opening. If they make the slightest puncture it dies. I. noticed several eaten out entirely, but this is not common, as they seem to take a distaste as soon as it bebecomes acrkl from fermentation. They vary in.length from an eighth to one, inch, nre of uniform size in the girth, except the head and tail. . Their hoods are a little flittened nnd turned downward, with a fang ou each side of the mouth. The tail is ra? ther more pointed than the generality of worms, aipf is quite transparent to the end from where it begins to taper. They have a row of|-gs on each side, which are very proportionate in size to their general structure ; vol are little longer towards the head end tail than in the centre. Their feet are black. They hav^ 3 ftiw black spots estending from *the hea l to the tail, in rows which are on the concentric rings arourd the b??dy a pale yellow indented streak running the full length. They seem to prefer the rare atmosphere of the highlands to the more dense sections of Mississippi and Ya. zoo, or even that of our creek bottoms. They seem worse in those place* where the louse prevailed last spring, i am thus particular in order to let you know, as fur I am able to inform you, the kind of insect they n re. Altliough worms are considered the low. est in the scale of animal beings, yet they are capable of doing great injury ; and in order to give you an idea of tho extent, I will cite you two examples : Owe planter who has in 280 acres, has propoposud to pick it ou% gin, dec., and let any one have tne Wuole crop for 100 bales insured. This plontation is one of the richest, and the crop was at one time considered among -l - ? --J Km! tnc uesii uiiu t: uu ciiauuinjr ui n?c nun occured, would have turned out a bale to the acre. Another gentleman proposed his whole crop of 350 acres ( hat he might hire out his hands) to any one who would give him 70 bales, lie is an old and experienced planter, and has very good land. Some crops of corn are gathered in fine order. Wc are rr.ising very fine and heavy wheat in the northern part of tho State. Not many planters will purchase meat this coming season. Upper country produce will never be again n such universal demand. So you may readily discover the salutary lesson necessity has taught us. Now if we were but free of debt, and would engage in a direct trade with any portion of the world our interest might dictate to us, we would not be burnt by the fires of the Upper country and New York. Those who hold the tight reins over us. would then com?> to us, instead of our going to them as now, for our own means by which foreign importations are introduced among, us, and at a very heavy per cent, advance. If co'toji brings a higher price in Liverpool and Huvre by stopp ng at New Orleans and N,,vv-York. (and particularly the latter,) to make a profit to others than the growers, and if gooas am made cheaper by sloping at many plates before they reach here, for Drofitsto be made by adding on heavy p^r cen's, there must be tome legerdemain about ihe operations beyond my ken.?I am not against the not them capitalist making os much as he can?I am not against any place or people?but I do not think any one ought to be allowed to speculate on the cotton wc make, for the manufacturers ought to have it direct from us, and we their goods direct from them, no metier tn particular where they aro established. I know it is a hard matter to divert the course of trade from a channel it Ims been running in for any length of time?but depend on it, we aro losing every year millions that might be saved to the south if shu would but transact her own business. Very respectfully, your friend and obodh. serv't. James M. Smith. on the selection of male animals in breeding cattle and sheep. In tho May number of tl?e London Far. mer's Magazine, ifi a valuable papcron this subject by Earl Spencer, who is one of the most successful breed rs in England, and whose sheep, produced by a cross of the j New Leicester and the Merino, have attrac. | ted so much notice, both on account of weight and wool and extreme bcuu?y of form, at the Smithfield Fairs. Earl Spon' cor controverts the idea advanced by Air. Cline, the celebrated surgeon, th it the male should be smaller than tho female. Earl S. is of the opinion, that in crossing differ* ??nt in uH>ir>li nnp urnc nitiph InffTfT w ... - ?vr..? O than the other, tho male should always be sclecled from the smallest; but that in the same brmJ the male shout 1 be, as na ure has provided, the largest animal. In our apprehension, there is a good reason why in crossing different breeds, '.he female should be selected with a roomy ches', and the male of a sm;ill* r size, as we have known within a few years several instances fatal to calves and to cows, in which a large bull of the Durham or short horn breed, had been put to oows of tho common breeds of 1 q small size. In these cases, calving was j impossible from the size of the young, and l d-ath to parent and young was the result ' The following is tho directions given for I selecting a buH or a ram, the particular i . qualities desired in crossing or propagating < tho breed having been determined before* t band, and the kinds to be crossed chosen s with reference to that point. / Gun. Farmer. 1 4 The first object which any breeder of c catt'.o or sheep must keep in view, whether f lie intends to breed bulls or rams, or whether s hiaahn it mc?ily*1o .breed oxen or wethers, d is that the stock he breeds from shall be s healthv. The first thing, therefore, in the c ???^p??? ? f lection of a male, is the indication of a good consitution. In all animals, a wide chest indicates strength of constitution* and there can be no douht that tins is the point of hape most material for a breeder to look at in the selection of either a bull or a ram. In order to ascertain that the chest of these animals is the wide, it is not sufficient to observe that they have wide bosoms, but the width that is perceived in looking at them in the front, should be Continued along the brisket, which ought to show great fullness in the part which is just under the el. bows ; it is also necessary that they should bo what is called thick through the heart. Another indication of a good constitution is, that a male animal should have n masculine appearance. Willi this view, a certain degree of coarseness is by no means objectionable, but this coarseness shouKJ not be such as would behkely to show itself in a castrated animal, because it might thus happen that the oxen or w?th*rs produced from such a sire, would be coarse ?l?of which in them woulJ be a fault. Another point to be attended to, not merely as an indication of a good cons;:tution, but as a merit of itself,is that au animal should exhibit greai muscular power, or rather th >t his muscles should be large. Tnis is an usual accompaniment ofstrength and constitution, but it a!so shows that there w 11 be a good proportionate mixture of lean and fat :n ths meat produced from the animal ; the muscles being thnt part which in meat is lean. A thick neck in both bulls and rams is a proof of the muscles being large, and there can hardly be a greater fault in the shape of a male animal of either sort, than his having a thin neck. I am inclined to say, thai in the New Leicester breed of sheep, which is the breed to which I am accustomed, a ram's neck cannot be too thick.?Oilier indications of musde in sheep are more difficul* to observe than in cattle. In a bull, there ought to be a full muscle on bo h si l< s of the backbone, just behind the top of the shoulder blades; he ought also to h ive the muscles on the ou'side ofthe thigh full, and extending down nearly to the hough. L will seldom happen that a bull having 'hese indications will be deficient in muscle-" Wm. Garbutt,esq. of Wheatland, N. Y. in a communication to the Genesee Farmer, dated 19th July, announces the arrival of a bull and two heifers, impo ted by Mr. Vernon, from the stock of Mr. Duvy, one o the most celebrated breeders of the pure I North Dcvons in Devonshire, England, and I say9 : - I I M | 44 i he animals are very Dcautilui ana sumI ciently forge for profit, and a valuable ac. qubition to Western N. York, for which we aro indebted to Mr. Vernon. I con. aider the Devons better adapted to the wants and habits of the fanners in Western New York, than any other of the improved stock, not excepting the improved Short, horned Durhatns. The want of size in the Devons is more the fault of the breeders than the breed, for animals soon adaptlhomselves to the quuli'y nnd quantity of food they have to l.ve on. Tiiey aro excellent feeders, and the beef is of the best quality, being well mixed. They nre fair milkers, and yield a great proportion of butter and cheese to the quantity of m Ik?they are very active, tough and hardy?excellent travellers, and first best for labor. Bui permit me here to add, that we farmers must learn to take better care of our animals before we can receive much benefit from improved stork. If we canno' supthem with a sufficiency of nu'rilive food, and shelter them from the inclemency of iho weather, it is of very lit le consequence what the breed may bo?th?y aro all unprofitable. * * * * The most effi. cient moans of improving our domestic animals would be the in'roduction of agricultural exhibitions?by comparing each o: Iter's stock, wo should become competent judges, see their defects, find the means ol correcting them, and receive a powerful stimulant to improvement." A correspondent in the same journal from which the above extract is taken, in hia second No. of a series of44 Notices ol Improved Farm Stock,*' in New-York, thus sp?aksofMr, C. N. Bcment's, at his Three Hills farm, near Albany, than whom a more distinguished and successful breeder ia not, perhaps, to be found in the state : American Farmer. 44 Mr. B's Durhums, like every other breeder I have called upon, have become pretty well thinned in poiut of numbers ; he has, however, a few still for sale ; among theso I would particularly notice his yearling bull Astoria, as being of good size, and | ui vcry pencil o^iuuivnj v?i iuiuk ? mou I took quite a fancy to a large three year old heifer, the name of which I do not re. collect. But Out hams as I have before hinted, I do not think the proper stock on light soils, cither at the North or South. There are exceptions, but as a grand rule, they must have a luxuriant pasture that produces a good thick bite in summer, with generous feed throughout the winter; or it is idle to think that they can bo kept up to good flesh and great size. I believe Mr. B. for one, is becoming convinced of this, and has accordingly procured some Devona. an Ayreshire heif? r, with more expected soon to arrive from abroad, and also a few good native cows. One of these hist of handsome color, limb and shape, unites extraordinary milking qualities. From the 19th Dec. to 18th Jan. she made 56 lbs of well worked butter, which is nearly 2 lb. per day, a great yield for the dead ot win. ter. She is what 1 think Col. Jacques would class amoi g his celebrated " Cream Pot" k rnn/l lifillimit ki>cilnliAn T ha VP PVPr Itppn i great advocate for the improvement of i jur native breeds of ail description of stock, ind 1 am glad to s<:e Mr. B? enter upon die lubjeet so spiritedly. Massachusetts* able Agricultural Commissioner, Mr. Coiman, ias shown by his reports, that we are not leficient ih first rate dairy cows. These lave only to be caiefully selected and crosied with Durham bulls of fine points, mid. Iling size, end of deep milking families, to oon ensure as valuable a breed of dairy :ows, as could be imported at ten times j their expense from abroad. In this way, the Ayrtshircs have been made, that have become second, now only, to the Durhamg. 1 Could the attention of stock breeders be better employed than turning to this suhject? 1 It really seems to me the only way that our country can ever be filled up with good milking and fattening animals. A few years of such breeding, would assuredly do more for us than a century of importations." Fine Barbs. The following description of two fine Barbs we take from a letter in the New York Spirit of the Times, dated St. Mary's, Onio, Sept. 14. I had seen Capt. Riley's notice of these horses in the Spirt of last October, and recollected reading it, and comparing the horses in my mijirt with Ciay's Stumbotil, nn I the two horses brought by the same gentleman to Gen. Jackson in 1833, but never until accident threw me in the way of them and their present as worth more to breed from than native stock. But, Mr. Spirit, 1 feei so fully convinced that these horses are the fountain mire nf tl?> knrKQ*i. ! r - an country, an I just the thing for our Southern climate to bring up. and impart to our small horses more bone, solidity, and strength, that I believe it a duty as a patron of the turf, to call the attention of some of the knowing ones, and suggest the propri. eiy of ascertaining by ov-ans of such m ires as Black Maria, Randolph\ dam. Angora, and others that could be detailed from many of the stables of Virginia, Kentucky, or Alabama, whether one or both of 'hem may no; prove Godolphins : anil now declare an intention of practising what I advise, by scndiug one mare to each next year, if I can procure those which have bred winners at a price within the size of my pile. Maiyoube, a barb, or half barb, is the most powerful, active and quick motioned horse [ ev< r saw, and 1 am familiar with the western iurf and stallions, for the last twenty years,?the Eclipse, Archy, H^nry, and Timoleon stock, as well as the Leviathan, Luzborough and Margrave; but in saying thus much, I wis!) to detract from none, nor speuk in terms of more deserved commendation. 1 have bought, sold, trained, j and run horses of all s z-s, shapes, colors, and d'mensious, and been a regular attendant at the course whenever in my power, but never bred them. Yet I consider this horse unique, and as is well observed by his own- r, unable to be matched, until he shall produce his own likeness. I have measured him carefully, and find him so different, that I send you a part of lh? results as a curiosity, and intend to preserve a copy for fu'uro observations and comparisons. His head is up likethatofa giraffe, and he looks about on ail below him with & dignified fierceness no other eye can express. He stand full sixteen hands and an inch, m -asured back of the fore leg; yet, two feet nine inches fills the space from hi? chest to (he ground ; girth six feci two inc ies; from fho point on the-wfTTiern wh?*re the mane starts, to coupling, including back and loin, twenty inches ; from same point i i : r._. ~_l.. :?l~? . lounu inu un?< w BIA ICCI cigm niuiics , from the point of hip to quarter, twenty-six inches; from point of the hip over the other round the lower extremity of the quarters, seven feet seven inches ; arm, twenty inches ; knrc, thirteen and a half; cannon, eight and a half; pastern, eleven ; small do., seven and n half; with a foot like a mule's, deep, hard, and firm : he is an iron-grey, most black, with heavy mane and tail; is a trotter and in exercise springs wi.th prodigious ?triJo?-?OnMft t# S Wyandott, or somewh.?t like Tranby ; he is a jet black, and ulmost faultless; stands fifteen and one-quarter hands high, and shews capacity for strength, speed, and game, so much, with the most approved race horse form, I can hardly decide which is in my own opinion test. PATENT BUTCHERING. James Carson, M. I)., of Liverpool, has taken ? ut a paten' for what he calls a "New quick, easy, and humane method of Slaughtering animals." The advantages of his method (of the mode of performing which his paper gives no description) as stated by himself are the following : "An increase of the edible parts of a carcase to the amount of at least one-tenth beyond that which it would supply, by any mode ofslaughtering hitherto in use. The meat thus obtained is more juicy, tender, and far better flavored, ft sets sooner, and of course is earlier fii for use. It keeps much loneer sweet and untainted. In some CT experiments made on meat killed in my mode, and some slaughtered in the usual way, at the same time and kept in the same place and circumstances, mine continued sweet, while the other gave the most une. quivocu! signs of incipient putrefaction. I< never shrinks, bu' on the contrary enlarges in cooking ; the fa: being supplied with the juices which enrich the muscular or red portion is much more savory and is more acceptable to delicate palates, and is there, fore the less wasteJ. It requires less time to cook The centre of a large joint is done nearly as soon ns the surface. These qualities are derived from the meat being less spongy, and a better conductor of heat, than meat obtained by any of the mode of sluaghtering at present in use. It preseives well, and requires a much less quantity of salt." If Mr. Carson has discovered a mode of slaughtering animals which will realize one. fourth of the advantages he claims, he has made a discovery of great value, and we shall hope to hear of the speedy introduction of the patent mode of butchering into the United States.?Genesee Farmer. INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE UPON SEED. We received, la t spring,tw 've ears of Dulton coin fiom Me 0>born, from Oswegocounty, his residence differing from ours in latitude and altitude, about two degrees. 1 We planted with this seed about eight rows across our field, the residue being planted i with seed ef our own raising. The Oswe- I 50 corn tasselled about two weeks earlier < than that form seed raised in Albany, thus bi showing six or seven day's difference for a tf computed degree of l-t i ude in the earliness w of the crop?the northern seed g ving the o! earliest crop in a ratio inverse to the for* fc wariness of the spring. This will serve as a hint to farmers in districts whore corn is liable to be cut off by early autumnal frosts, ( to obtain their seed from a more northern latitude, or from a dis'rict of higher latitude. 01 [Albany Cultivator. tr Let such as ridicule the idea of making a' Ol improvements in agriculture, mark the diff- . erence in the appearance of farms of equal j? natural ferility, occupied by different indiv. du ils. Notice the change that comes over r| the face of the poor, run-out farm, when if 3 exchanges its indolent, heedless and slov- e' enly tenant, for the indus'rious, intelligent, 0 thorough farmer. A farm may be run up . by good husbandry, as well as run down by bad. And to look around and see the many farms in every town, which to the passer-by appear as if tht u man were dead, . and the woman absent," who will say that ^ there is no chance for improvement? It L J - J ? L . I LI C may oe ai*u*rtninen wnn toieraoie accuracy ^ by the stranger in p issing, who does and who does not take an agricultural paper. r Ceshira Farmer. > sTlK tULiUUC. " l' ?- 3 From tho Journal of American Silk Society. w The following correspondence is pub- r lished for the public good. We have recei- P so many letters of inquiry on the subject, a that we have concluded to furnish all our r renders with our opinion at once. With us there is no doubt on the subject?that there is much doubt with people generally, our extensive correspondence fully proves. 1 STRIPPING OFF THE LEAVES OP MULTICAULI9. C G. B. Smith Esq. ? Harrishurgh, September 15, 1839. ) Dear Sir,?At the instance of several of my friends, who are, as well as m>self en- * gaged in the rearing of multicaul s trees, 1 c take the liberty of addressing you for the purpose of eliciting information on a ques- r tion which we deem of some importance. A Mr. lias a large lot of morus 1 multicaulis trees, growing in our neighbour- 1 hood, and is now stripping them of all their ' foliage, excepting a few leaves on the ex- ' treme ends of the branches?his reason, is, that ' the buds will not be so liable to i jury from frost, and that they will mature more | readily and sooner, than if the leaves were permitted to remain on.' Mr. ', also, has a large quantity of trees growing in a lot adjoining Mr. 's. On being questioned * why he did not strip his trees,' his reply was, * that he followed that plan last year, but thought that it injured the buds.* Presuming on youi long experience in the cultivation of the tree, 1 feel confident that you are fully capable of satisfying us by giving the desired information?whether in your opinion that by permitting the fol- , rago to romaiaon the trees, subject to attacks from frosts, thereby causing (Tie stem or* petiole' to become shfFand hard, consequently injurious, if not to:ally, destroy* ing the bud ? or if it would be better to strip the foliage off? ? ?. ANSWKK. Baltimore, September, 17, 1839. Dear Sir.,?In answ/r to your letter of the 15th, I would remark, that I am opposed to stripping the leaves from the muliieaulis in the fall. The leaves are as necessary to tite perfection of the buds and ripening of Ibe wood, as iliu roots are, and I should as soon think of digging under the tree and cutting off the roots, as of taking off the leaves. If the leaves are stripped off, the buds ure almost certuin to start to supply their places ; especially if we have a warm spell of weather,?and thus the buds are very much iujured for planting next season. The functions of the loaf nri as necessary to the ma urity of ihe bu I as the tree itself is, and without this aid, I do not believe they can become perfect. As to any injurious effect to be apprehend-d from the pe- f lole (or stem of tho l?*af) 4 becoming hard from fros1, and consequen'ly injurious to, if not to ally destroying the bud,' a little re. , flection will show the fallacy of the supposi* tion. The very first effectual frost will turn the leaves yellow, and b? fore twelve o'clock i of the day after each frost, every leaf will i have fallen to the ground. No hard stern j or petiole will be left. The bud will he per- I feci; ahd after the leaf falls of its own maturity, the bu?/s never start till next year. < But if you lake them off, before they have t p- rformed their functions, the tree naturally t tries to supply the deficiency by sending out I new ones in their places, and thus the bud < intended for next year's growth of wood, is < made to form a leaf this year, and by this j extra exertion the eye is more or less injur- i ed. L t it be borne in mind, tiiat a tree | cannot grow without leaves. They are the < the lungs of plants ; through thom the plant < breathes, and by means of the oxygen they t extract from the atmosphere, the plant is f matured. The leaves are merely attached < to the tree by a temporary fixture, and held s to it so long only as it of use. The moment t the tree ceases to have use for it, it lets go s its hold and falls to the ground. Thecir- a culatmg fluid, or the snp of the tree, returns ii to the roots, or at least cesses to flow, as ? soon as ttie tree is matured, or ihe cold p vvea'herput a sop to vegetation; and as u soon as this takes place, ttie leaves fall from tl ihe trees. The only reason any one can w give for stripping offiho leaves prematurely, o is that they, (the leaves,) keep up the cir- tl culation of sap by the force of suction long p er than is useful to the plant. This seems tl to me u most unnatural supposition , the leaves are not the cause, but die effect of 01 the circulation of the sap, as is proved by ui ihe fact that If you strip a multicaulis of all gi its leaves in summer, it immediately puis y< out new ones, which it could not do if the in circulation of the snp was suspended. at But I do not depend upon mere theory, m year before last I wished to preserve some leaves for use iu spring, and in October I m ttrippod a few trees for the purpose. Every e<; u I immediately began to grow, and when ie frost s^t in and stopt vegetation, the trees ere covered with young leaves of the size f a dollar, and there was not a bud formed >r the next season's growth. Respectfully, Gideon B. Smith. chinese mode of propagating trees. According to Havison's account of Chicse horticulture, the nurserymen of the ce. stial empire have a mode of propagating <*?s, which promises some advantage over !lo;h> rs. A brancn of good growth, and ne that will not disfigure or injure the tree, selected for operating upon. Around lis branch, at the place in'ended for sepaition, a snail rope made of twisted hay or raw filled with cow dung is wound repeat. Ily around the branch until quite a mass f the material is accumulated. Above this hung a gourd or other vessel, punctured i such a manner that but a drop nt a lime scapes and falls on the mass; and the frouency of the fall is graduated so that the tass shall bo constantly moist. An incis. in is then made, and the bark removed om a narrow space three.fourths of the ircumference of the branch, immediately "low the rope. After remaining about a lon.h, one-half of tho remaining bark is moved, the mass boi..g kept wet as before, n another month, and sometimes earlier, ie roots will show themselves at the outide of ihe muss, and the whole be filled nth their ramifications. The branch is iow carefully separated from iho tree, and Janted in the position it is to occupy ; great Mention being given that the rope, now early or quite rotted, is not in the least dinurbed in the process of removal. The lenefits of this ays'era, are, that trees of n uvorite kind may be multiplied, where here are none suitable for grafting or inno:ulation ; and that trees so grown will proluce abundance of fruit in three cr four rears from Hie time of removal. The Chinese select a place where the > ranch is enlarged, or the commencement >f a year's growth, for winding the rope, it >eing found that roots spring at such points nore quickly than at others. Alt< r the )ranch is sep a.aled, the stuinp from which t is taken is cut off to some proper place. ir:d covered with some substance to facilinte the healing or covering of the wound *ith bark. Exportation op Multicaulis. The Tables Turned.?Recent accounts rom Paris and its vicinity state, that so inpropitious has been the season for the :rop of Morus Multicaulis on account of he cold and wet spring and late frosts, that ? U?. ..A o nrl tliAfa I1U priL't'5 iiuvg auvail^'U j;irauj% uuu uiviu 8 some propoct that oNers may bo sont to his country for supplies of our superior :roes, as our fine climate an i powerful sun cuuses them to grow far more vigorously, and to make a much more ample development that they do either in Franco < r Italy. In fact, our fittest trees, ofono year's growth attain to thrice the height, and have three to four times the number of branches and buda livat Ruwpgiin trees have. . This point is readily accounted for by the fact that th>' Multicaulis is an exotic in Guropo as well as here, and is a native of a climate which approximates far more closely to ours th-ic to the humid atmosphere of Gurope, where the power of the sun is comparitively feeble The experiments made in Texas havt proved that country to be very congenia to the mulberry. The greaiest exciti?m?m exists there in regard to the silk cul ure and immense plantations are about be n$ formed in that fine region. We must be gin to look about us, and no longer be s< recreant to this all-important object as tc let our sister republic leave us in the back ground. N. Y. Star. From the Silk Culturist. |p Messrs. Editors:?I have been engaged f>ur years in the cultivation of the Morns Multicaulis, and the experience through which I have pass d, nnd the knowledge which 1 have obtained in this business, dor ing this period, has satisfactorily convinced iw, tint success in the pre<erva ion and propagation of,he Multicaulis, depends very much upon the quality of stoc k. A VISIT TO THE BURNING MINE NEAR POTTS. VIL&E, PA. A large party of gentlemen assembled At Minersville a few days since, for the purpose of visiting the burning mine, on the jugular vein, at the gap of the Broad Mourn ain. Bonding above us foi some hundred feet, md belching forth smoke and flime, arose he track of the vein, which we ascended on he crop. A little puffing and blowing brought us to the second level, where the disaster commenced during the extreme :old weather of last winter. A hanging grate placed at its mouth to equalize the emperaiure, communicated fire to thecou. plings of the gangway, and was the primary ;ause of the vast damage which has accrued. Some hundred feet farther up the hiil, i large space had caved in, and down the issures between the upper and lower n eks, :ould be seen a yawning fiery gulph. A ulphurous exhalation issued from it. About he jaws of this vast cave, were deposite of ulphur, and some alkulino substances, in ;reat quaoities. Large rents and fissures n the ground showed the extent of the ra. [ing internal heat, and many places ap eared ready to full in, arid precipitate the icauiious spectator into the chasm. Down le old air shafts, the currents of air rushed dth a rumbling sound, to feed with their ( xygen the volcano beneath. Now and ion a crumbling mass of slate, or a detached ortion of'rock, would plunge headlong into le smoky crater! Tue vegetation on the summit and sides f the hill, showed the scatching effects of nnatural heat; the tall pine dropped its iunt arms, the hemlock bowed its head, the oung oak and chestnut were clad in a prelature 11 sear and yello.v leaf,'* and here id there, the mountain vines seem to cling ore closely to their parent trees. A dreary, spot, is now that once lovely ountuin gup! the voice of industry is hush* ! When, or in what manner, the ravag will be stopped, is a matter of uncertainty' (n the mean time, the loss of time and materia la fills heavy on Mr. L. C. Dougherty, the leasee, who has used every possible ! means within his power to check the de. jstructioo. Attempts have been made to smother tho flame, but it always breaks out in some new place with increased fury; and baffles its opponents. Pottsville Jour. THB DISPUTED TERRITORY. Governor Fairfield, of Maine, has ad. dressed n letter to the Land Agent of that State, Tul'us Mclntyre, Esq., apprizing hina that \ery extensive preparations are being made by a set of lawless men in the province of New Brunswick for the cutting of timber the approaching season on what is colled the disputed territory, and requesting him to give notice to said persons, and to all others, that no exertions of the Executive of Maine will be remitted to breakup this atrocious system of plundering, and to bring tho9e engaged in it, and their abettors, to condign punishment. He thinks a lenient ^ course has been pursued long enough. His Excellency adds: 44 Information has also been received that a latere number of* permits,* as they are O " w ? - 9 w _ called, have been solJ and issued by the land agent of Massachusetts to the citizens of New Brunswick and others to cut timixr on lands claimed by that Commonwealth, lying within the disputed territory, and bordering on both sides of the Aroostook river, notwithstanding the earnest but respectful remonstrances of the Executive of this State. And it is represented by those in th immediate command on the Aroos ook that it w ill he impossible for them to execute the severul resolves of the Legislature providing for the prevention of trespassers, if Massachusetts persists in granting these permits, thereby openings door foradmiaiios into the tern ory of foreigners, without^wnt, to surround and render n ff ctual t'.e efforts of the small force which this Stale is compelled to keep ttv-re to save our noble forests irom entire des'ru lion ; and inasmuch ns many of these permits, it is said,wijf probably be obtained as a mere legal pretence and cover for the most extensive depredations, I trust that, under ihese Arcums'unct.-s, the utmost rightful power will be oxerted on your part to prevent any lumbering Ojtcratious upon the disputed ten itory for the present, under any pretence of authority whatever- Should the authority prove insufficient, the power of the S.ate, in its legislative capacity, may soon be brought o bear upon the subject by a "eg imate exercise of the sovereignly of the State over its public streams. ** You had better, therefore, forewarn those who have obtained these permits. that, even if they should oe successiut ut their opera'ions of cutting, it is not improbable tha the timber would be rendeied entirely unavailable to teem from the coor.se , which tne State would find it necessary to take ft r the maintenance of its rights and I the prese rvation of its inter s:s. it is sin. cert jy to be hoped therefore, that, if none [ of tne high considerations which the case I presents to the authorities of Massachusetts . are sufficient to prevent the issuing of those ! p rimis, no citizen of Maine, at least, will , attempt to exercise any supposed rights utiw der them, when it woul 1 manifestly prove , so pernicious to the best interests of tho I State, and especially at so important a crisis t as the present may fairly be considered in regard 10 the great question of boundary. ' * Very respectfully, your ofr-dient servant, JOHN FAILFELD, Governor." , Agreeably to the Governor's suggestion, , public notice has been given by Mr. Mcln. tyre, cautioning ull p rsons against cutting timber on the d sputed terriory, whether with or without permits from the land agent of Massachusetts f Journal of Commerce. I l From the VVestfiold (Mass.) Spectator, i Great Explosion.?-Three Powder Mills blown up ; one Dwelling-house, one Barn, and two oat buildings blown to aims; and, strange to say, no lives lost.?On Mon. ^ I day morning last, at about holf past ten o'clock, the powder mills belonging to Messrs. F? o & Gillwit, standi g about two miles 0 west of this village, were blown up. There were three explosions, at intervals of twenty or thirty seconds. The first was the cylin* der mill, which was n short time before pu: in operation, and the workmen had left but ubout five minutes previous, and who were at tho time working in tho corning null, about five rods distant, and which blew up wiihin twenty seconds, giving the men bare, iy time to leave the in II, and throw themselves into the brush within twenty feet of it. And, strange as it may appear, they escaped slightly injured?one without a mark of injury, except from being blackened by the po\vd* r ; the other receiving a billet of wood in his breast. They had scarcely risen from their hiding place, when the packinghouse, which contained four or five hundred barrels of powder, exploded, prostrating them strain. and lf*nvin<r not m res ii/e to ... -- ? 7 D ? D mark (he spot on which it stood. The ground for several feet around was swept clean of every thing. A dwelling-house standing near it was unroofed, two sides were blown in, and not even a joist left standing. The plastering of the standing walls was shaken from them; the partitions broken to pieces, feather beds were44 shook up," and not a person of tne six or seven in the house injured. The conclusion was so great that buildings in the village received considerable injury from it. One building, at least a milo and a half from the mills, had twenty or thirty lights broken our, and another hud one window totally demolished, the casing being carried across the room. Abont ten thousand pounds of powder, ready for sale, I and nearly the same quantity manufacturing, were burnt. Commendable Coortesv.?Mr. Holmes the General Ag? nt of the American Bible Soci. ty in the Western country returns his acknowledgments, in one of the Cincinnati papers, to the many landlords of public houses who have entertained him without charge during his travel as agent, and also