University of South Carolina Libraries
. i ' CHER AW GAZETTE. .vi m. maclean editor & proprietor. CIIERAW, S. C., TUESDAY, MAY 3, 1836. . . r0L 1 Published every Tuesday. TERMS. If paid within three months, - . . H. 00 L If paid withii.three months after the close of the year, 3. 50 | If not paid within that time, . . . . 4. 00 1 \ company of 6ix persons taking the paper at I tho same rost Office, shall be entitled to it at $"15, ; paid in advance, and a company of ten persons at #20; provided the names be forwarded together, accompanied by the money. f' No paper to be discontinued but at the option of the Editor till arrearages are paid. Advertisements inserted for 75 cents per square the first time, and 37$ for each subsequent insertion. LPersons sending in advertisements are requested to specify the number of times they are to be inserted; otherwise they will be continued till L j ordered out, and charged accordingly. CTThe Postage must be paid on all comraunications sent by mail. KEDICAL. From Combe on Health and Mental Education* Excessive Exercise of the Brain The evils arising from excessive or illtimed exercise of the brain or any of its parts, are numereus and equally in accordance with the ordinary laws of physiology. When we use the eye too long, or in too bright a light, it becomes bloodshot, and the increased action of its vessels and nerves gives rise to a sensation of fatigue and pain requiring us to desist.. If we turn away the eye, the irritation gradually subsides, and the healthy state returns; but if we continue to look intently, or resume our employment before the eye has regained its natural state by repose, the irritation at last becomes permanent, and disease, followed by weakness of sight or even blindness, may ensue; as often happens to glass-blowers, smiths, and others, who are obliged to work in an. intense light. Precisely analogous phenomena occur when, from intense mental excitement, the brain is kept long in a state of excessive * activity. The only difference is, that we can always see what happens in the eye, but rarely what takes place in the brain, t Occasionally however, cases of fracture of the scull occur, in which, from part of the bone being removed, we can sec the quick- i ened circulation in the vessels of the brain < as easily as in those of the eye. Sir Astley Cooper had a young gentleman brougt j to him who had lost a portion of his scull j * - # '? ? ?. u Or? Avamininrv , JUSI aoovc me eycuruw. V/ 1J CAaiiiiiiing | | the bead," says Sir Astley, "I distinctly saw the pulsation of the brain was regular and alow; but at this time he was agitated ty some opposition to his wishes, and directly the blood teas sent with increased fore* to the brain, the pulsation became frequent and violent; if therefore" continues Sir Aaley, "you omit to keep the mind free from agitation* your other means icill be ungwinng" in the treatment from the injuries of the brain. We are conscious, indeed, of a flow of blood in the head when we think intently, or are roused by passion; and the distension or the small vessels of the brain is not the less real or influential on account of its being hidden from our * T/w* nfuMi it reveals itself by its V dk vv v* ?v?* *? efforts when least expected, and leaves ] traces after death which are but too legi. i ble. How many public men, like Whit- i break, Romilly, Castlereagh, and Canning urged on by ambition or natural eagerness of mind, have been suddenly arrested in their career by the inordinate action of the brain induced by incessant toil! And how many more have had their mental power for ever impaired by similar excess !? \ When tasked beyond its strength, the eye becomes insensible to light, and no longer conveys any impressions to the mind. In like manner, the brain, when much exhausted, becomes incapable of thought, and consciousness is almost lost in a feeling of utter confusion. At any time of life, excessive and continued mental exertion is hurtful ; but in infancy and early youth, when the structure of the brain is still immature and del icate, permanent miscbiet is more easuy inflicted by injudicious treatment tban at any subsequent period; and, in this respect, the analogy is complete between the brain and the other parts of the body, as we Bate already seen and exemplified in the injurious effects of premature exercise of the bones and muscles. Scrofulous and riekety children are the most % usual sufferers in this way. They are generally remarkable for large heads, great precocity of understanding, and small delicate bodies. But, in such instances, the great size of the brain and the acuteness of mind are the results of morbid growth; and, even *' - 1 1 ?"^n>on( ftlO nVll Ifl THIS Wllfl IHC DC91 uiaua^?i<iv>ii>| >?v t ses the first years of its life constantly on the brink of active disease. Instead, however, of trying to repress its activity, j the fond parents, milled by the early promise of genius, too often excite it still further, by unceasing cultivation and the never failing stimulus of praise and emulation, and, finding its progress for a time equal to their wannest wishes, they look forward with ecstacy to the day when its talents will break forth, and shed a lustre on its name. But, in exact proportion as the picture becomes brighter to their fancy, the probability of its being realized becomes less; as the brain, worn out by premature exertion, cither becomes diseased or loses its tone, leaving the mental powers slow and depressed for the remainder of life. The expected prodigy is thus ultimately and easily outstripped in the social race by many whose apparently dull outset promised him an easy victory. Taking for our guide the necessities ol the constitution, it will be obvious that the modes of treatment commonly resorted tc ought to be reversed, and that, instead o! straining to the uttermost the already irritable powers of the precocious child, ani leaving his dull competitor to ripen at le {^sure, a systematic attempt ought to 1 made, from early infancy, to rouse to a -tion the languid faculties of the latter; whi no pains ought to be spared to moi erate and give tone to the - activity of tl: former. Instead of this, however, the pr< maturely intelligent child is generally sei to school, and tasked with lessons at a unusually early age; while the healthy bi more backward boy, who requires to b stimulated, is kept at home in idleness perhaps for two'or three years Tongei merely on account of his backwardness A double error is here committed, and th consequence to the clever boy is frequent ly the permanent loss of health and of hi envied superiority of intellect. In youth, too, much mischief is done b; the long school hours, and continued ap plication of mind, which the present sys tern of education" requires. The law o arap/>ien flint tnnnr.onclnino^ arliftn ov VAV1V.IQV9 IVIIg-OU^VUIIIVU UVllV/lt VA hausts the vital powers of an organ, applies equally to the brain as to the muscles; anc hence the necessity of varying the oceu pations of the young, and, allowing fre quent intervals of active exercise in the open air, instead of enforcing the contin ued confinement now so common. This exclusive attention to mental culture fails as might be expected, even in its essentia object; for experience shows that, with c rational distribution of employment anc exercise, a child will make greater progress than in double the time employed in continuous mental exertion. If the human being were made up of nothing but a brain and nervous system, it would be very well to content ourselves with sedantary pursuits, and to confine education entirely to the mind. But when observation tells us that we have numerous other important organs of motions, sanguification, diges fl 9 u tion, circulation, and nutrition, all demanding exercise in the open air as essential both to their own health afltl to that of the nervous system, it is worse than folly to shut our eyes to the fact, and to act as if we could, by denying it, alter the constitution of nature, and thereby escape the consequences of our misconduct. Reason and experience being thus set at naught both by parents and teachers, in the management of the young, the latter naturally grown up with the notion that no such influences as the laws of organization exist, and that they may follow any course of life whicq inclination leads them ro prefer, without injury to health, proviJed they avoid what is called dissipation, [t is owing to this ignorance, that we find k'oung men of a studious or literary habit inter heedlessly upon an amount of menal exertion, unalleviated by bodily exercise or intervals of repose^ which is quite incompatible with the continued enjoyment of a sound mind in a sound body. Such, however, is the effect of the total neglect of all instruction in the laws of the organization during early education, that it becomes almost impossible to warn an ardent atudentagainst the dangers to which he is exposing himself, and nothing but actual experience will convince him of the truth. PARENT'S DEPARTMENT. v.nm AfntVior'i! Magazine. JL 1 VM1 bUV 4?*VkMV? w LITTLE FRANK OR THE AFFECTIONATE CHILD. Mother, I have picked the sweetest flower I could find in all the field for you. You are always pleased with flowers,. are you uot, mother? Yes, when they are plucked by little Frank. Mother, I want to tell you something, but T fonr it will make vou foel bad. What is that, my boy? Why, mother, the boys say tiiat father was poor, Does that make you blush, mother? No, Frank, I am not ashamed to be ealled poor. But, mother, the boys laugh at poor peopie. They call them mean. I don like to have them say that my father was poor. Is it wicked to be poor, mother? No, my son, not if we are honest and in. dustrious. Mother, the boys laugh at me, at the Sab. bath school. They point at my shoes anc they say they are coarse and mean. Shal I go anv more to the Sabbath school? The boys do not hurt you. do they? No, mother, they do not hurt me, bu they make me feel bad when they do no like me. I want every body to love rne I love every body, mother. It makes mi happy to see you smile,and to hear my teach er say, "You are right, Frank, you ar right." It almost makes me cry when think you love mc, and that my teachc loves me; but I am not sorry, mother. Frank, if your mother loves you, an your teacher loves you, you must not min what the boys say. But, mother, I think I should be happie " '* /tnnln m ?v\ Ill nau line CiOUll'S, UIIU aumc luhj in in pocket, and some bright buttons on m jacket. Frank, could you recite your lesson an better, or should I like you better, or woul vour teacher like you any better? No, mother; you like me because I ai your little boy, and my teacher likes me b< cause I study to get my lessons, and I ti to be quiet and attentive to what he sa} to us. You see, then, my dear Frank, that it not riches that makes you either good, < f happy; and that it is not fine clothes tb ' makes your friends love you. Sensifc > people think but little about fine clothes f f children, if they are kept neat and clean. Ever}' boy's mamma docs not think i i j oU do, mother. Jack Woodbull's mamr ii- gave him, the other day, a shilling, to buy )e him sis rolls of gingerbread and some-sugar c- candy, for being good ; and she promised lo him a line suit of clothes on his birth day, if J- he would not strike the baby, and if he would ic not pick the buds from ofTthe lilacs, and did not tread upon the beds in the flower garden. !t Will you give me a new suit of clothes n when 1 am eight years old, if I am good ? No, my son, I shall never hire you to be e good, or reward my children in that way. 5 If you should be a disobedient boy and r should spoil my plants, I should not give / you sweet kisses, I should not smile Lupon g you, I should not receive your flowers, but I . should have to separate vou from mv coin's " Mother, I should rather have your sweet kisses, and your pleasant smiles, than ten rolls of gingerbread. I should soon forget what I had been eating, but I should not p -forget it if you were angry with me. I could not be happy if you did not love me. But, mother, you arc not angry with me ! now I No, Frank. I shall never be- diseased with you when you try to do right. [ Mother, you was not angry with me ' when I broke your large pitcne#, when Pompcy ran against me, and knocked me J down. You said it was an accident. You are right, my love?lam only d ispleased with my children when they are dis| obedient and idle; when they are careless ' and inattentive; when they arc unkind to each other, or impolite to strangers. 1 Mother, I remember that Dr. S. called 1 me a polite little boy, the other day; but I 1 did not know what he meant; I do not un' derstand.that word. . What were you doing Frank, when Dr. ( ' S. called you a polite little boy? ' ( I found his whip for him when he* could not find it. I thanked him for coming to { see you, when you were sick. It was the ( same night, mother, that I walked on tiptoe, in your room, because you said a noise * , made your head ache. ^ Well, Frank, I understand politeness to mean, doing the same for others that I ^ would have others do for us. I . Mother, I did not understand Dr. S. be- ^ cause William Lacy said that I should ne- . ver be polite unless I went to the dancing , schonl. whom I chnnld tmifrht tn nn ??? - ? my head, and to make a genteel bow, and to walk gracefully. ' ? Well, my dear Frank, we will talk mc about this another time. I see fromtne ? window-that our neighbor, Mrs. Jones, is coming in. You must not interrupt our conversation, for that would not be polite. ? You may now take your book, and get " your lesson. - r Good morning, Mrs Jones. P How are you, Mrs. Smith? I hope you e will excuse this early call; feeling unhappy v at home, I have come in for a few minutes; ^ but I see you arc engaged, as usual, in con- 1 versation with your children; for my part, I ti never find much to say to my children. I v am always glad to get them offto school or li out of the house; for they arc such noisy, 1< racketing children, that I cannot collect my o scattered brain where they are: they are so e wild that my house is in confusion when they are at home. But I never was fond of g children. My husband and I try to do the r best we can for them. We are busy night 1 and day, trying to scrape together a pretty p little property, so that we may educate our c children when they get old enough to send t them away from home. . * b But, my dear Mrs Jones, I fear there is * often a sad mistake as to the import of the word education. Many persons do not I seem to be aware of the fact that some men 1 and* women, are well educated, who have sel- ^ dom, if ever, been sent abroad, and who have had but limited advantages, even in a 1 common school. Is it right, Mrs Jones, to send our children to school, expecting the teacher to give them habits ofindustry and application? How can this be done in the course of a few months, in opposition to all tlieir former habits? How can parents expect teachers to form useful and agreeable habits in their children, while there is little or | no pains taken with them at home? How ] can parents expect a teacher to correct a ] selfish, and covetous, and ill natured dispo sition in their children, while they are indul ged in every idle whim at home by them selves? My dear Mrs. Jones, before I had I a family of my own, I taught school for a I number of years. I found, from my own experience, that those parents who felt the least responsibility for the improvement of t their children at home, and took the least j pains to form their habits and manners, to make them respectful, affectionate, and con* descending, were always the most difficult * to satisfy and please. The experience I e then acquired has led me to take pains with j my own little flock, and I find I need not r wait till they are grown, before I see and taste the fruits of my labors. Ever)' day I j am more than compensated for the care and j labor I have bestowed upon their education, and I never find myself so happy as when nnd what i? mrvst rrrntpful to. tp 111 I Ills 11 j ? .W --r? y a mother's heart, all my feelings of affection v are fully reciprocated by them. My dear Mrs. Smith, this conversation y will put you in possession of a secret I no d longer wish to conceal from one on whose candor I can so fully rely. I have, for some, n time, been sensible of the amazing differ2 ence there is between your children and y mine. It was this conviction that brought ,'s me to your house this morning. I fear my children are already beyond a mother's inis fluence. I lcar I shall never know the sweet Dr comforts of domestic life, while I have no at one censure or to blame but myself. My poor ile poor children! I need your advice, but I or have already trespassed" upon your time. Permit me to request the favor of resuming as the painful subject of my present grief and fi.a anxiety at a future time. A MOTHER.' The late Rev. Robert Hall hadNflj an aversion to every species of fal^ and evasion, that lie sometimes expre himself very strongly on the subject, following is an instance, stated in his lif Dr. Gregory:? Once while he was spending an cvei at the house of a friend, a lady, who there on a visit, retired, that her little ,gii four years old, might go to bed. Sh< turned in about half ati hour, and said lady near her, "She is gone to sleep* 1 on my night-cap, and lay down by her she soon dropped ofF."?-M* 'Hall, \ overheard this, said, "Excuse me, ma3i do you wish your child to grow up a Ks "Oil dear no, sir; I should be shocke< such a thing." "Then bear with me w 1 say, you must never act a lie before 1 children arc very quick observers, and s< learn that which assumes to be what is i is a Jie, whether acted or spoljiwi." T was uttered with a kindness which preel ed offence, yet with a seriousness that co not be forgotten. ' rl'ral ecoxojiy. From the Lexington (Ay.) Intelligent . CULTURE OF SIi<K. The following remarks on the subj of the culture of Silk, are from a let of a gentleman of Lexington now in \ ginia to his friend. Valley of Virginia, 5th March, ) 1836, j Dear Sir:? With some limitation, it is confesses ?n axiomic truth, that he who, by prope directed effort, become^ the instrument :ausing two blades of grass to spring ilace of one\ or, in any way multiplyi be available means of sustenance?fo )r raiment; is regarded as one of t greatest temporal benefactors of his ra< Believing in common with a compai ively small number (I am sorry to sa; )f the American people, that an extend ield is now certainly open in nearly atitudes of this widely extended count! or individual enterprise and ernolume n the Silk Culture, I have taken the libei or the want of a better subject, to a Iress you briefly within the limits of ingle letter, a few conclusions which ha >een arrived at on this subject by exten id trial, in the experience of gentlem ioth in the Eastern and middle States. I write yoti with the more willingne ?n this subject, because I recollect lave heard your favorable expressio especting this branch of national ind endence and profit?and believing, furl r, that there are few in my adopted Sta rho have the means more at disposal Like the lead, by introducing immediate he Morus Alba and M. Multicaulus, rue'Chinese Mullberry tree; and w vould become the organ with more w ingness, of widely disseminating kno' edge to our fellow-citizens in the Wei ?n*this interesting branch of pastoi iconomy. My principal design shall then be five you an abstract drawn up by a gentl ^ - in (Ka oitir Iiail U1 UApoi iViiiuvm ill k.iu V.>^ Ubany, New-York, embracing the e >endituYcs and proceeds for seven su cssive years, commencing with 200 ci iugs, chiefly intended to show that t usiness may be commenced without ca tat, successfully. As follows : FIRST YEAR, lent for 1 acre for Nursery, $ 5 ' Two hundred cuttings, sav, 2 1 Trouble of Collecting, Setting, &c., - 2 deeding 500 Worms, 2 11 CR. 50,000 Eggs, sold at 12 1-2 per 1,000 6 4 SECOND YEAR. Rent for Nursery, 5 Propagating by Cuttings or Layers 1000 trees, C Feeding 15,000 Worms, 10 Reeling 6 lbs, Silk, 4 25 CR. Six lbs. Silk sold at OA ?5 per lb., ou Nett gain second year. 4 THIRD YEAR-STATEMENT. Rent, 5 Setting 7,000 Trees, 21 Feeding and care of 5,000 Worms. 25 Reeling 20 lbs. Silk, 15 66 Twenty lbs. Silk sold at So . per lb., 100 Nett gain 3d year, 30 STATEMENT FOll FOURTH YEAR. Rent of Nursery, o Rent of field 20 acres, at 2 dolI lars, 40 j Preparing ground and transplanting 1200 Trees, 12 Attendance of Worms, and reeling 50 lbs. Silk, 100 151 CR. 50 lbs at $5 per lb. 25C Nett gain 4lh year, $92 FIFTH YEAR. Rent nursery and field, 4: Transplanting of 7,000 Trees Feeding and care of 1,000,000 ^ . Worms, 250 00 Ereat Reeling 416 lbs. Silk, 312 00 639 50 416 lbs. Silk, at $5 per lb. 2,080 00 '*< Net! proceeds 5th year, $1,441 50 n,n8- ' SIXTH YEAR. fcgnt, 42 50 rl of Twnsplanting 47,000 Trees, 235 00 34f rFecding and care of 2,5000t? k 000 Worms, 300 00 Mf Reeling 1041 lbs Silk. 205 50 an<r interest of Cocoonery supl^foaed to have been built rlip^ear, 210 00 l?! j, . 1,308 00 Mc 1.041 lbs. Silk, at $3 per lb. 5,203 00 ier; Nefrfcain'etli year, $3.897 09 MEVENTH YEAR. "IS A Hrttuinn 4kr ran I and in I HMVWHIg -fvt (VII t HUM IUu, j terest tbi# year as before u feeding and care of 15,536,* 000 Worms, and Reeling 6,886 pounds Silk, $4,000 00 6,886 lbs. Silk sold at $5 per ;er lb. 34,430 00 ' Nett proceeds, 7ih year, after liberal allowances, $30,430 00 ;ter rir- We arc assured that there is nothing visionary in this calculation ; and there is no item in which it has not been far outdone ir\ practice-nothing in it but what .. any practical grower of Silk know* caif be -v realized. ry . Comment on the above is unnecessary: ? every one at a eingle view, may see and *** decide for him or herself that even in this rw* - . . / ., p. j "jj notable age and generation, tor innu ana ; speculation, that no branch of business or pc investment can possibly yield such an "e* astounding dividend, after the first few rfi o t * ~ years of preparation. In a national point of view, ita importance can only be e.| measured by reference to the item of Silk in the Treasurer's Report, which causes P'' an annual drain from the United States of from six to ten millions of dollars. Y The Morus genus will thrive well in the poor lands of Virginia, and I am very j " - *r n V? T* ' " happy to say that iu. iv. r.sq., my *e brother, has obtained through a correspondence with Judge Spencer of Albany, en the seed of M. Alba, the growing shoots from which I saw in his nursery yesterday. ss P. S. For want of room elsewhere, I wish to say here that the Morus Multins eaulus may be obtained at Prince's Garden, New-York, St. Clairs, Baltimore or Philadelphia, or at Newton, near Boston, ite to Surface Manuring. y [From the Farmers' Register.] ?r Until very lately, the opinion was very v.? general, if not universal, that fermented- manures should be turned under with the ploqgh wI as soon as put on the land ; and that otherj j wise their value would be much impaired, if I not totally lost by evaporation. This was 1 - * " thought especially necessary, 11 uio uwnurc j *? used was rough or half rotted. Ic" I hare thought much on this subject, and ?' for the last twenty years marked the effects x" of manure in all its various modes of appliIC" catiom both on my own farnrr and on my neighbours'?and now propose to give you he the results of my observation, leaving it to P' persons more learned than myself to recbncile these results to the principles of philosophy. Fifteen or twenty years ago, I observed an old man of good practical sense, 00 and successful as a farmer, carting manure out in the month of July, on a field intended 00 for indian corn the next year: this was spread 00 as fast as carted, and remained in that situ? ation until spring following. He justified 00 this practice by a perfectly unanswerable reason, viz. that experience had taught hjjp, 25 that both his crop and his land were more ? improved by the use of his manure in that 75 way, than any other lie had tridti. The I ennfiHence I had in the integrity and good sense of this old gentleman induced me to 00 make repeated experiments on this subject, all of which have been decidedly favorable 00 to top dressing, or surface manuring, and 00 proved to my entire satisfaction, "that ma50 nun?, when in contact with the earth, does not loose its strength by evaporation." This, 50 I was exceedingly loth to believe, and I made many efforts to account for the fact?(for oo that 1 could not doubt)?and at length came to the conclusion that the chemical affinity 50 between the parties of manure and the earth | was too strong to be overcome by the power j qq of evaporation; and that the apparent evaporation is nothing more than the passing off of the water, which had been contained in the mauure. Whether this is so or not, I am sure I do not know. But I do know, that in the many different experiments I have made, both the land and the crop are more benefitted by the application of manure on the land, than by turning it under the land. I hope young farmers, who are not yet wedded to any set of opinions, will be induced (at 00 least) to make the experimont. Not having fame as a farmer, to give 00 weight to my opinions, I shall sign myself Abator. 00 Note.?The late Mr. Thos.West, brother of Sir Benjamin West, settled on a farm in 00 New Jersey, after he had reached the age of forty. His object was to make it a gra> 00 zing farm. He used no plough whatever, but the hoc and scythe to eradicate briars, r 00 weeds, &c. He top dressed his fields, or > 00 some of them, every year, and in a few years, he had the richest farm in the whole country ! 09 around. See Memoirs Philadelphia Agri cultural Society. 2 50 On the feeding and management of milch 3 00 coics.?It is of great consequence iu th< management of a dairy that the cows ?????a in saggar * i should be treated with gentleness, so that*. they may not be afraid of being milked of dislike the milker. A cow win Hot yield . $ her milk williogly to orre She fears, rates, or apprehends ill treatment from. Yootig cows particularly may have their character for gentleness and good milkers formed ; by the manner in which they are treated. This truth, of much importaneetoollcdQ* cerned in a dairy or its products,, ia well established and illustrated by a com? ,-A munication from Mr. Bussel Woodward, publ ished in Memoirs of the New Yotk board of Agriculture, in substance ra fol- # " lows. Having formerly kept a laigojnumber of cows I observed many them dried up their milk so early in the Ml that, they were not profitable# whHer ethers with the same keeping, gave tnRfc plenty until late in the season. I likewise have often heard my neighbors observe, lost >- .. .L L. -J iiSt_ some o? weir cows, tuougu verj gvuu ?f*~ the forepart of the season, dried up thtff., milk so early that they were unprofitable* fcv ^ and they would have put them off; I accordingly found it expedient to find^u! the cause, if possible; and when I brought to mind the way some of my young, cows had been kept and milked, I attributed the cause to the milking of them the first season they gave milk ; and by many experiments since, 1 have found that young cows, the first year they pare milk may be made, with careful milking and good keeping to give milk almost any length of time required, say from the first of Way to the first of February following, and will give milk late always after with, careful milking. But if they are left to dry up their milk early in the fail, they, will be sure to dry up their milk each succeeding year, if they have a calf every year the same season of the year?and nothing but extraordinary keeping will prevent if,, and that but a short time. 1 have had them dry up their milk in August and couldnot by any means make them give milk roachpast that time in any succeeding year. 1 had two heifers which has calves in April, and after getting them gentle, I set a boy to milk thetn for the season, (which is often done the first season on account of Iinninn amall toala A tlO l*flrflll>88 11j11 uaviiig oiiHi i ivuiaf j mv ? ?? w? and dried them both up in August. Although I was satisfied I should lose the greater part of the profit of them afterwards, yet I took it upon me the following, year to milk them myself and give them, good feed,,bot to no purpose. I could not make them give milk much past the time they dried the year before. X have two cows nowBtbat were milked the first year they had calves, until near (he time of their calving again, and have continued to give milk as late ever since, if we * will milk them.?Geneuet Farmer. FOREIGN. The orange Associations in Ireland; have been finally dissolved, a measure which will probably be productive of inK portant results. The Duke of Cumber- ', land,?the grand master,?in obedience to the command of the King, has given, formal information of this event to the subordinate lodges, arid it would seem they intend to foirow the course of conduct* of which he has given them an example. A select committee of the House of Commons were in session on the subject of the money, which Mr. Raphael asseis ed he had paid Mr. O'Conuell to obtain a return for that place to Parliament^ The examination of Mr. Raphael had began,, and thus far nothing more had been elicited than a confirmation of what he stated, in his published letters, except one important point, which was that O'Connell in a letter to Raphael asks him " Will you. let mo linnu) it* villi u'aiiId like to acceot of & ?..W .. j __ _ Barronetcy ? I do not make this offer without authority.". New York, April 18.-^Latest fvm Spain.?By the brig Caroline, we nave a file of the Gibraltar Chronicle to the. 12th of March, inclusive, it bra remark* able circumstance, and without a parallel, in our recollection, that we have'ini these Gibraltar papers advices from London; and Paris as late as we have received; direct, previous to the anivaii of the Sylvie de Grasso and OcwulgeCv y ester*j day. The intelligence from Spain, is not important. No event of importance bid taken place nt the seat of war ; them had: been marchings and counter:-marchings,. # some changes of position,, ana * ijsw skirmishes, in which bod? sides*,'as usual* K.-> claimed the victory. - The Cfriaibi had made themselves masters of another small fortress called La Plencia. The elections were not yet completed?, it was confidently expected that they would terminate greatly in favor of the ministry. *' From the following paragraph* which appears in the Chronicle of the T5th*TiL~ r appears that the war is still carried on^n Catalonia with more than savage ferocity: In orderto avenge the death, of hia old mother, executed in Tortosa, pursuant to Gen. NuguerasUorders, confirmed by Gen. Kina, the Carlist leader Cabsera directed whatever prisoners should be , taken by his followers* to be shot; and ' the wife of Col. Fontileras, military com. mander of Chelva, and three mote ladies who were in his haods, to be shot, and the number to be coafepleted to thirty; and i farther announced, that for every Ceriist ; that should henceforward be put to death, j twenty relatives of those by whom sucb