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BY U. f, IUKI, STATK PMIMKIt. ?^ CAROLlirA, OCTOBER ftS, IBM. Bt7& ^ . t VOLUUE* XV. MM 5! !HBt> KVERV PRIOaY MOhATm" TKMf9?1%rtt OoUmrtf*r mn.ttm, pmufblt n iiu?ci, or r?r tHUmrtwMtllkunJoj np ??. ADPBRTl8lilKMT8*m*rtttl mtlk9W$*Mlr*in FOETBY. TIIK LOVER to lUt Ml?Tttli88. Thou baal been cih*!?Oil bow Ion*! WblU> |my?i and plaint* wtre |?>urad in vain? Now M (by lwr? moral Mt|*. Tbe ???*<,tad aoog?Ihy tmilfa obtain Look li Ibat naai 1 atraam?Ha ware* rfow ob, Sow on?and naVr raturn; 80 noftoli bostm to tk*W *r? vn ; 80 e'en tty bonaty toobo Hi orn. i \^ s j. Yost sotbyyoera deport, went Mold, Era tbou f?*at dreamt I bey fly *0 Out; Tboy cannot b* redeemed, nor paid With begaof Gold?if mcb (boa ka?t. . Com* (Iiod, enjoy (hen- for regret Will come too Into %rhen tint" li fled ; The honr f??r bliaa It dawning ya'? Bui thee* W darina** oW Hie dead. *,t, SSBSOBBBtSLM JJ-H. 11 ..1 . BB3 TEXAS. * | /<</iffero"e/l* AT. Xouii Ihac'jn j In my last communication I stated and proved, thai the present boundary iinu be twfeen tho United Ntates and Mexico, was conceived and established for the purpose of obstructing .Mexican Independonrc, and checking the growth of the Went: and, ptomisod to demonstrate that the lino so established, is, in point of feet, prejudicial and injurious to both republics; and that it wottldT bo to their mutual advantage to abandon it at once, and establish a new one founded on mutual convenience, adap ted to the localities of tho country, and cal culated to be aa durablo and permanent as the existence of the two republics. To the nxecution of this promise, 1 now prooeed, and shall commence with demonstrating the truth of tho Ant branch o? the proposi tion, namely: That the firetcnt boundary it dlsatlvontagrou* to both countrle*. To undentand and appreciate what will bo urged on this head, it will be nccomary for tho reader, if not already well acquain ted with the locality of this line, to take up a map of tho Valloy of the Mississippi, to trace our western boundary upon it a* es tablished by the Florida treaty of 1810, to observe its new and arbitrary course, its immonso length, and projecting ancles; see how nearly it approaches New Orleans, deeply it cuts into the south west quarter of the Valley of the MiMissippi, and how much territory it severs from the country to which it naturally belongs! After view ing the portion and courao of this Une, it will be necessary also, to a full comprehen sion of what is to bo read, to run the mind forward, and viewthe V. States and Moxi and free from all cause of dissension, but as they wUlbesomeyearshenay-some forty or lifty yean hence when the young men now coming on the stage of life, and the boys now at school, will be at the head of affairs in the two Republics?and when theao two young and flourishing nations will be the most powerful on earth; their popula tion fifty millions: their territories inhabi ted and cultivated to their extreme verge, their frontiers covered with fortifications, and themselves sabjoct to all the wars of interest and ambition to Which neizhhor ing nations forever nave oeen, and forever will be liablo, it is under this sspcct of the ftUure, more thsn of tho present that the actual condition of these two young Re publics must be viewod. Tho patriots of the present day, the statesmen who are at the head of amirs 'in tho two countries, should look to their descendants, to tho ri sing generation, and endeavor to lay tho foundation for friendship and harmony lm~ tween them, by preventing, or removing, as for as pofttible, all the causes which may lead to collisions With these preliminary remarks, I will proceed to shew, that tho boundary in question la injurious to the U. S. and M ex wo in many inspects, and for the sake of perspicuity, wilt point the n out under diitinct head*. Finer: It k toyuriou* to the V. S, #i rth* txjttntc U VfUl tm+lve for furiijtca -thru. Hupposing it 16 bo permanent, it must 1ms fortified. Alt nation* must have (heir frontier* covered, oither by natural, or ar tificial defence*. Mountain* and deeert Sain* form the natural defatee; where e*o do not exi*t, vrtiflcinl defence* must be aubatituted, and fortification* are the only Nuhntitute. Tho tine in question nei ther follow* the ridgo of a mountain, nor traverace a doaert. It ran* throughout it* entire length, from th? mouth of the fabine following all it* angel*, to the head of the Arkaneaa, over a level and campaign coun try, fertile in noil, salubrious in climato, without a point of defence upon it, without a solitary position which would commr # J an inch of ground, or obetnict the pesnage ofa soldier an Inch beyond the range of it* cannon. Every part of this lino of 9000 mile* in length will need defence.. We need not begin without going through with the work, for on? fbrt would bo use less, could he pMned with impunity,?with out a complete chain, within Rupporting distance* from one end to the other The expanse of constructing *uch a tor don Of porta, of arming them with cannon, manning them, and aupplving them must be enormous and incalculable tiut groat as Would be tho expense, the pecuni ary objection i* not the only owe to whieh R would he subject. Another objection praaanta itself in the large and numcroua S which it would be mcoeaary to and which might eventually be *i tba tthertie* of tho country? - ^MTiMln troop* of the Rhifte the IHnuhe, and the Hkiphratee, whose attach meat to their country wa* deadened and blunted by long eevvico on distant IVontim, bat were fatal to th*- liberties of Rome. Ifler all, the MMMal boundary h no ade> uate suhatitute ft* the twhtral one* Of PVance ie the moat eminent example, seldom invaded on the tidefnf the .Ill WN uhjuujt amu moos V tlMDlaOA Ht ||MIB> doubwud tmbhUnn Aba and the dm I room often on Umi every mouiwi exhausted to ?, tainous float Us Of atnoondoUH foruucmuona. vH: ?^va Secondly: In brim*t*gtjbrrtgn fad er within the natural limitt of the United Statrt. jztmw i&wSi the globo, (bey belong to MfcSCippi* The one half of a?d of Uw> territory drained by I nowt belong to a foreign power. iu dominion, it will be settled, and the aet tlerswill be subject to a foreign govern ment, and bound to take a part With it in settlepients have abends begun, and eventually bo dense and powerfal. salubrity of the dhnate, the fertility of the tntfnwof valuable staple*, will insure this result This will be inconvonieht to us peace, and dangerous in tine of war.? Thoy are near tho heart of;the coun try and can do inunenao mischief either by the intelligence which they givo, the sup plies which tliey' furnish, or tlio blows which they may strike. If tho Red River nnd Arkansas remain a permanent part of tho Mexican dominions, it is clear that their population will he an advance guard oftho nation, occupying a position within our natural boundaries, upon the banks of rivrrs which lead into our territories, and to tho emporium oftlie wont, and ready in tl?e event of hostilities l?tween the tlvo ountries to invade the U. 8. or toAirnfrh |a ban ler to their own. TinnDLv: rttRivlngforclffticri aright to 'luvftrate our rtvrr?. It is Kern that thU boundanr give* to Mexico about two third* oftho Red River and ono half oftho Arkansas. The law of nation*, the same under which we claimed tho right of navigating the MuwiMippi thirty year* ago, when the lover partofit was owned hy Spain, and the tamo under which wo now claim the right to navigate tho St. 1*awrcnce, would give the Mexican* a right to navigate tho riven of which they own tho upper part* even if tho treaty un der which they acquired them wax silent. Hut it is not silent. It recognizes thi* right of navigation, tho oxlent of which i?, on the Red River, from tho Mexican bounda ry to it* mouth, about 460 mile*; on tho Arkansa* river, about 000 mile*; from the mouth of tho Arkansas, down tho Miesiti sippi to the gulf, about 800 miles: in nil, above 2000 mile* of tho mo*t important na vigation in the United States through the centres or along the borders of states, the most exposed of any in the Union, to for eigif invasion or domestic (servile) insur rection . The mischief* to whieh this right of navigation may bo turned, are too nu merous and palpable to noed enumeration. Smuggling good* into the country?slaves out of it?dissensions between the boatmen of tho two nation*, would ho necessary and ordinary occurrence*?Add to this that sueh a of navigation would be a pow er to invade us, would lay o|ien the coun try to an enemy aliove New Orleans and lay us tinder tho necessity of fortifying as *trongly above, as bclor that city, to seeuro it from attack. FotrnTHLv: In the lou (>[ wetter n ter ritory, which wot ceded army for the Jiur fiote of ettnhlbhinu a detert between the front kr% of the United Ht a let and Mexico. In the first number of Amkricanus, this sacrifice of territory urn# stated at 200,000 square miles; but it is since ascertained, that that estimate Was far below tho reul extent of the loss. Tho province of 7'exat, the whole of which was ceded a*vay, but which did not constitute the whole extent of the cession, alone contained 240,000 square mile* Its boundaries nnd superficial contents, are thus stated in Darby's Western Gazetteer, published in 1*18,before any question about the cession of theprovlncc had ever been agi tated r?"Bounded on the West and South by the Rio del Norte, on the South by the Gull of Mexico) East by the St*'e of Louisiana; North by the Red Kivcr. Its greatest length 800 miles {breadth 500, estimated by the rhombs on Melish'* map to contain 240,000 square miles, and to be equal In extent to New York, NAp Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, VirgHs, Ohio, and Kentucky." Our title to the whole of Texat, had been previously vindicated by Mr. Adams him self, who shewed from Im Ilarfie't Journal. una otncr early writings that the French, under whom wc claimed, had established themselves under !/i Saile, nt the Bay of St. Iternnrd, the oldest settlement in the Kro\ hire, upwards of 56 yearn before the pnniardt erm*?<l the Rio del Norte, lit had declared our title tobt- Mclear to VV .r-, at ns to New Orleans; yet the whole of 7V r ?' at was celled away, and, in nddition to it, nil the country between the Hnl Itivcr jum! Arkansas, to the west of the ICOtb degree f longitude; an area of eight dejpres r>r l?n? gitnde in length nn4 fonr of latitude in breadt ii equal to alxut 110,000 sonars mites,or near ly double the extent c,f tl?e six New Kng hnd states. Adding thU area to Texas, nnd the totality of t!?e ce?si??n is 550,000 square miles, containing 329,000,000 acres, and w6rth, according to the lowest federal e?timnte of l^nd, 81 23 per acre, the sum of $311,240^000. Sue It was the si*e of the DKsr.Rt^Mteh its value In money*?which the ncgot>atot of the Flotidit Trraty under jUW?k to create within thn acknowledged li* mlta. and most of It within the nntmifbotin dartes, ol the United States, for the avow ed purpose of otxttuning Mexican indepen dence, and fr>r the ftalftabU object of abridg ing the territorial extant of the WmT? ami Sreveoting the future nbtwi of the slave intra, hrhich might have h?e? formed uj?on IM in (Tftmc IMS tne ivegotiMOr of that treaty lulfllkd thv nhhrM ot th? MHvtirl He*trictWmi??*,iuwl r.f the did (vpponrnt* to thr nr<|uUUrtn of Lnnhlttrm* beyond their utnioit fi'i/ir*. II. | ivr b irk ?? moth of l^iiUlHiin, it* ?i u'd form ,*<? >l Ketttin ky ? He wn?iitttofk upon th* Ho nth H'ril, with h?? ?K??,n^iry ftne, wMIt they wtrt ?t work upon tho Mrth tVnf, with their pomiiwwl* lute; nod l?etWcfn the ?.*voict? of op?w??ri, the miip of Ji<wt? Sf"- ?? ?M outlet for the jj?jj7 'JggJ ?/sSoSoo *quarT'iXU KBHS^saws "*?* *? any one M^Wir 5 ??. JiTf158 ****** from Mr. !?g8&i2?^*s? 1,'Ww watered by them, a km aims ti km. l,w*w'A**,t dy owy thing*** ad ducedby you, a* by any thing wAieh had rvrrMKCfcDKO Uin thedUcusUonabetween uUd&SS^HT^ ,T * ????****? ?/r ?"Tn?? co*r*or**?T, Z^iVL ****"C"V V*90L/Htirflo*tO **"**?DUCE "ooruwAM have already ZV?' *" 0Het *** ??***, and whlfh mr. IHUtt IIXXCKVOKTH or considered by the United State? aa NOT w2S2i!i*L 5f "station, "-a ,bl8' ?hatMr. Ad S2?^f.uh^in?U,5 ,rt*nd iM ,,eh*1' ?* SK United ?" /Ar land end a// the water in the v*lky of the Mis sissippi; and it was on the 6th Jar ofPebru '7', *hat he offered mi article for n tablishing a boundary between the United ?f^nn!!2? Spanish dominions, which lift 200,000 square miles of this land and the tVhy this change in thrcathort mouths? It wns be !!?!!?* V.?* months was the exact pc - of the most violent operations in uud out ?f i^ugrea* against the spread nf slave ry beyond the Mississippi; the |?eriod when the leading political and personal friend* of the negotiator, declared on the fleor of Con ye?s their wishes. that l^ouisiana was dtvi , dedfrom the rest of the Union by a jury stream at imfiaisabte, as the burning lake\ which divide* good from evil,?that it might ft""'? remain a haunt for wild beam! In establishing the hkskrt of 350,000 square mile?, the?e impious wishes bcem to reccive their consummation. Fifthly: In bringing a uon slave-hold ingempire to the confine* ?./Louisiana, and Jtrkan*as, and to the neighborhood of .Yew Or/rans and the Lower MissSssi/i/ii. Mexico is a imn-slavcholding empitc, and will remain so. Sbc imw borders upon the state:* on the Lower Mississippi, and will' naturally heroine the refuge o| fugitive] slaves from that Quarter. Many slaves now make their way from the state* vault' of the Ohio river nnd Potomac, and nr rnsit I the lakes to Canada, although several states nf the Union, hound to deliver up fugitives, lie between, and increase the difficulties of the distance which they have to go. In the south-west, where the Mexican boundary approaches nearest,?where the communi cations arc all open,?the slaves in greatest number,?the means of escape easy and ccrtain, nn well from the contiguity of ter ritory as tho free navigation of our rivers,? the evil* of desertion roust become exc.es ..?? - l- on'X Louisiana and Arkansas will suffer from It, but the states of Missis* Kentucky and Missouri. The desettion of slaves, besides the loss in prcpcity, will endanger the peace of the frontiers, by the pursuit to which they will give rise, and the affrays which msy take nlfice. The peace at neighborhoods in Pennsylvania, Ohio and Indiana, has often been endangered from this cause, even where all the parties were subject to one ge neral government, and had laws co compel the delivery of the fugitives; how much greater, then, must be the danger from this source, when the pursuers ar<vforeigncr*r? | when tho scene of contention is on foreign soil} and when force impelled by passion, rules the hour! Sixthly: In furnishing a refuge to fu gitives from Justice. This will result from the position of the1 ccdrd territory, firor to the United States remote from the scat of government in Me xico. Escape to it from the United States is easy; punishment by Mexico is difficult. Hence Texas is already notorious as un as ylum for the fugitive offenders; and in some parts of It they are already in sufficient force to set the laws of the country at defiance, to trample cn every moral sentiment, and to rate a man's standing am.>ng themselves by the amount of the reward that is offered lor him ih the state from which he fled. Seventhly: In giving facilities for smuggling by land and water. The Sabine is made a common boundary; it is to be navigated by both parties; the Gulf of Mexico west of the Sabine, posses ses .inmerous ports; the country isnpen ami level to the Red Hiver, and to tlie numerous bikes and bayous which communicate with the Mississippi. Smuggling in all this quar ter will he easy, especially as the rignt to navigate the Red River is secured. Ktohthlyi In the tos* of harbor?. 1 lie best and most numerous harbors on tlu: continental coast of theGultof Mexico, he between the Sabine and the mouth of the i tih del A'vrte. As a naval and commercial power, owning tho great river which carries the commerce nf an empire into tlie Gud, , wc hud the gicatest need for these harbots. ' li) the acquisition of Ijouistana we obtained I them; h/ the new boundary established ?n our ?->tllh west frontier in la 19, we gave i litem away. Ninth Mr i In laying oficn t.'ic lAtvjcr Mi* to iirvatfon from above. Before the ertabltihment of thin l>oun<M ??>, all the country to the we* o! the Lower Mi?*i??ii>pi, quite to the Hh dH Abrtr, ?im our*. An American population waa to in habit it, and would have istvervd New Or leant and nil the lower country on that *?dc. The new boundary ha* givenH up to for eigner*, hat uncovered tiie right flank of l<oui?iwnat and laid it open to invnion. ?PoMCMCd of the Ked Kiver and Arkansas a foreign power may prepare an tnvawm from above, collect her troopa and muni tions, descend to the MiMiMtppt, rat?mg an the ?luvee an they come, mm! mi-once ot cap ture the emporium ot the West, or excite a imile war, before the citieen Miidun. 1 the njfper ?tate? could come to fur aid. In another contort, with lUgland, the in hlit choote thi? route, come hi upon the hack ot I^outturn*, end apt ead cootternatton t it rou n the ttftte. To K^onV agaWW ?hi? danger, Nfv? Oilman* wmil'1 ht?*o to '?? fortHi^i Hbovt the city, and all the approach*** tc the MM?*ippi by the Red rtfver md Ar kiiiiv ix watched ami Kiurdt-<1. Tkntmly: In fur nM In fa harhnr totfn Indian* who kilt und rob our ciiizcn* on ihrtr taey to Caravans from Missouri, Aritiwn ami Louisiana* have repeatedly suffered from the depredations of the Indiana who arc ihelleml by thi* harbor. The Comancket inhabit it, or rather roam over it,?the Be douin A tab* of America^?like these Arab* forever Mounted, always seeking for |>rey, always ready to attack the merchant and traveller, und too often escaping punishment by the fleetness of their nor *r*. Missouri has complained of their depredations, but complained in train, wh!> the projector of the desert they jinhabit waa at the head of nfhirsj but upon the acces sion of Piiiidkht Jackson their com plaints trere heard, and a military escort or dered out for the protection of their cara vans. But military protection, though emi nently dedrable, is still inferior to the true remedy the retroicssion of thu country op on the Arkansas and tbe Red River* to its natural OwiMrs, whose mounted volunteers would quickly teach these .marauders to re spect the lives and property of American i-itixens. ElkV*wtiii.y: In losing the Naviga tion of the Ufifier Hed River and Arkan ?at. The navigation of the upper part of these rivers, even for small craft, would facilitate the commerclsl intercourse of Missouri, Arkansas and Ijoutslana, with the northern parts of Mvxico; but it is no longer in their power to command It. The treaty of 1819 did not reserve the privilege, and the right of navigation, accruing under the laws of nations, only applies to people who live on the upper waters of streams which flow in to the sea, and who ate admitted to have a natural right to go to the ocean in the channels which God has created for that purpose. I'wrr.Lrrnt.rr In diminishing the outlet for the emigration of the Indian* which inhabit the utatct of Aliuiui/i/ii, Alabama, Georgia, and Tttmrittee. " ThtW Indian* ought to emigrate. It in due to the atatv* in whirh thty are, that (hey khould be put <>n a footing with ail the ktatcH north of the Potomac and Ohio, whose j Indiana have liven sent away, and their tor* j ritory cleared of the incumbrance of u pop-' ulafion w likIt pay* no taxes count* nothinj; j ht the federal tenuis, hoar* no arms, uxuept for mischief to the whites, and nbt.linctft the acttlement and cultivation of the statea.? It ib better for the Indians thom?clvo? that thov should go. Hi nee the time that tho children of Israel were in Egypt, it lias been auen that the two different nations could tint live together without injury to the weaker, and that tho road of salvation to the weaker party, wm through the door of emigration. This truth b now enforced upon the Southern Indiana: tho land of promisefor tlnun,?detcribulhu Gen. Pike, 9J VWlgo, a* the 'termtrku ftaradUe of ,ava/e. ? \* beyond the Mississippi; the/ are now going to it, and thy only objection it, that they hare to atop too near the white*, and that the outlet t* not sufficient. It waa tho boundary of 1810 which made thin outlet ton small, and stop* these emi granta too near to the whites. Such are the evils, a brief and rapid sketch, which will result to the United States, from the continuance of the present sooTii-wKSTKan novftnAMY. To Mex ico, It will also bo prejudicial and injurious not to the same extent, but in a suAcisnt dogree to mske it her interest to hare it changed. Inthr firat place she will be invol ved in the same ruinous expense for fortifi cations that we shall be. In the next placo these fortification*, when built by her, so far bovund her natural frontier, will k? tin. tenable lo time of war; the lino of the &i hine, the Jfrrf Hiver and ufrkanta*, will In to hot What the line of the Kbro wan to France when Charlemagne had oxtended his empire to that river; an* ten able against the people within whose naturafboundarh* it in. and lout In tho ftmt war. In the third plaee, all the evils of smuggling, and offender* e*eaping from They are (bgitire*, or emigrant* from the United State#, speaking a different lan pM^e, bred tip in a different religion, de pendant for market* and an outlet to the iea. upon the master* of the MWwi?ippi, and naturally looking toward* the reentry from which they came. and haek into which their rivet*, their trade, tho tiea of blood, ami the force of feel in if are rontinusl lyleadint them. In the tilth place, all the evil* of border population, not operated by natuml houndariea. would nl?o bo com mon to both Republic*, ''/in'I fence* mate hart neltfhb^ft1* had honnriarit*, or no boundaries, make hoatile nations. The present south western Itoundary in essen tially a l?*d ene, for both Meaico and the United State*; it pre*ent* n tthing to divide the nation*, and the border people, their alare*, cattle, hor*e*. will be perpetually crowing, committing trespasses, and pro 1 during collision*. In One, it in a lino mutually ?limdvanta- > IMNM to Mfvii-o ?nd the United Staton, | mail* in n spirit nflwutilitv to the indepen-* donee of one. ttnil aeetional jonloway In the1 Other. mide without noceeelty, Tor tho I^nitotl Htatc* were in powaeaaion. and held ?>y a title "iot ?tt*rrfilihlr of rrfntotl*ni" *n<1 made with a kinc that had ho to make it, and whoar grant, if ho had jrran tct anv thine loua on the ?kl* of Mexico, would have hean invalid and inoperative; far Maxien waa then virimlljr independent and not mihieot to have her territonr* cur tailed hv i ?reatr between the Wing of Spain and the (tailed AtMaa. It waa a atipulation for ahottndarv hr whleh the It. ftfeite* mijht /#?*. and rrmM not hjr whirh theWnaT could htHlmhthheff/ but could not he rnfarffrrt. and thia eonatituted ita Rrerhe recommendation to the acititora of ir Mi??o?iri (piewtion, and the old oppo nent* to the aorpiMttftn of l<o?{aiafta, who wore ih? n unW*d In nollev and In ftraat forrr at Wiahiw*tonoitv. ?nd ?erf>4heper **nal and political frienda of tho oagotm tor. Kxeoralde ?? It waa. the ntificatif.n of the treaty wa?eertain and hwihMc The realnctiomsisi and the old opponents to the acquisition of Louisiana, to conformity to whoso wof(jd wishes it vtas mad*, con stituted nearly on* half oif the Senate, ami thejr voted for the ratification at counte. A stipulation tepay #5.000,000 to the AUantie taervlianU, wno J tad lout property by Spanish spoliationa, com manded another interest; and the oen sion of Floridss, oomiMfeded the votes of most q| the southern members. But the ratification wan not obtained without a strug gle. Several KenatornSetnpadecidedoppo sition. and in theothor blanch of Congress Mr. Clay thought It so fraught with injury to thelT. Statin, and especially to theTVent aa to justify the extraordinary Interposition of tffi Mouse of lU-prewDtatiVCf. He ac cordingly submittal two resolution*, In condemnation of the treaty, one for its un constitutionality, in undcrtahinc to ceda away natural territory: theotfeerfbr its in expediency and ? injustice to the U. States.* These Resolutions wen over powered In jtha House of Representatives by the Mune eauaes which ensured tho rat ification in the Senate. Having now demonstrated that the line! of 1819 is a disadvantsgcous boundary for both countries* it remits of course that It will be to their interest to abandon it, and to abandon it at once* before the expense of fortv tying it is incurred, and to establish snother which, leaving the valley of the Rio del Norte to one, and of the MissUsip pi to the other, shall fallow the ridge of mountains which divides them, until it sub sides into the vast prairies which lie between the Colorado and the Rrauoe de Dlot,nt.d thence along the highlands between those rivers to the Gulf of Mexico. This would give a natural boundary, and would leave to each power a frontier that could be easi ly guarded and defended, and would give to neither a foothold, or position, within the proper limits, or upon the rivers of the other But it would leave to the United States ter ritory which now belong* to Mexi.'o, and for which she Ought to be compensated, although the gave nothing for it, and placed so little value upon the toll as to grant it away to citleens of other countries who applied for it. Forty-eight milllonsof acre* were lately granted to one ajipUoant, and he offer* it ?o emigrants at a cent an acre. Numerous donations of millions of acres had been previously made. Little more than the barren sovereignty isnowleftto Mexico, and the sovereignty over a country can be worth but little where the soil Is a gift, and the population not homogeneous. Mexico coulo hardly wish to retain It, to her own ul timate prejudice and to ours. Her territo t v, within her natural boundaries, is ample, greater than any nation ever possessed la a climate at mild and salubrious, and a terri tory so fertile. The line which would reach from her capital to her frontier settlements on the Pncific, to Monte Rey, would also reach to Philadelphia In the United States. Such is the extent of her empire. Increase of territory can be no object totuch a nation nor to the United States; what they both want, l>eing neighbors, and destined to be poworfal, is a convenient, natural and par* manent boundary, wbleh will give to their posterity the best guarantee lor the peace, security, and mutual independence which ought to prevail between them. ' AMERICAN US ' St. Louis, Aug. 1,1889. ?The following are the Ratolutioni ?ul,allied bjr Mr Ct*y. " I Jbttfr?i, Tint the ComtltotJon of the United State* ve*t* in Congrew the power to db? rn.o of the territory belongfe* to the*,end lh?t no treat* purporting to alirnM* any pert there* of, I* valid without the content of Congree* "??. IUntr'4, Thm tho equivalent propote.l to be given 17 Spain l? the Cnitt A State*, in the |r??ty r.mct.ided between tltrm bo Ibettdof iVI.ruary. 1810, for that part of Louisiana lying weat of the Sabine, wa* (it) Inadequate ; and that it would !??* ineipedieat to auk* a tmnifer thereof to any foreign power, or to reoew the In the diKtaiot of three Rexolntionr, Mr. Clay, after pooling a torrent of indignant el oquence npon the Treat v, tamed npon H* au thor, Mid accused Mr. Adam*, a* dblindly aatho rale* of debate would permit, of having betray , edhU trait and gtanted the Spaniard'* mere than the king'* inttrnetloa* required. The fnf. lowlnRiothe tenteace which lmpli*i thi* aero* ?alien; " Art w? a*/ Mi Iy Me &ttr*t?ry of tUaH, in the b?ti ani ?mrfi*w tknt Dan ImU it Onto we* rmtterfaed fe grduf it* hoc it mere, end Ihmt Spain n*aa net ding htoimtrnr Hont,?<that Tttr. link or nanaacATioa i* FAR wiTNia Ml* MBIT*??N. B. The word* M muth" "inre" and far" are alt Halieleed in Mr. Clay'* rpeeeh a* printed In the National Intel!! Itencer, and on reading thi* pregnant Intimation of treachery, the mind i* irresfotthiy hnrrieo bark to the date nt the negotiation a* It tnlti et Madrid la Jaty, liW. and a* it e^eaW at Waihin|ton In frebrw?ty 1810, to comider how lillh wa* mkti by Don Phurm Mere, aad how muth wa* ?fftrti by John Qnincy Ademi htr -(*w the (lr?t number of rfmtritwnui) Mr. Clay ?*m th??n the. champion of the Weat and tnninH in<*d h<-r Iniertft a*aln?t Mr. Adam* ; af ter'h*-(nt?l coalition, ha joined Mr Adam* In o'tninlnc fiom Mrii o heraiaeat to thi* treaty whWi'i !(?? *o vehemently rnndenwM'd STATISTICAL. w?mw IN i KRNAIi 1MPHOVKMP.NT. The Yeoman'* Gaxette give* (he follow ?t>g summary \ lew of the principal chiiiO* now finished, in progre**, or in completion In llic l!nlted Stnte?: 1. MitliUrwx Canal ?'Thin ha* been fin ished ?r??1 in operation for several your*: it* length is 20 J milt*; it has 136 fret lor knur. It rims from lloston harbor to Chelmsford, in tnl* county. 2. lilac ketone Canal.?Thi* undertaking it not yet finished, hut i* in rapid progrrss. It* length is 45 mile*, from Worcester, Mku, to Providence, H. I. 1 3. farming ton Canal.?This is unflnith ed. Length37 miles, from Nmthampton, Mum. to New Haven, Con. 4. Nud*m and Jltrlr Canal.?This Is In operation. Length 360mile., from Albmv to Buffalo, N, Y. i. Chaplain Canal.?Com* letcdj length 62 miles, from Albany to White I fall. 9. Oiwtro Cana!.?C?n\\>Ulength 3R miles, from Hallni to Os?*?emtn<? t ?*gth?? Hudson and ILcio catnl with Luke mfimmk ? ' ? ' j f. Smtra f'rtn?A-^C^ple?ed?'t?leoetli SO miles, connecting the wnnra and Cay it gn Ink*** Mr??h II'mKop and T|e1<? ^nnaV t. tJeta^areaHit FTui?h cgnal<?kj*ti$\ Stfttstt?'^rvcMur 10. Ctican/ieatc and Defaitarc cart it.? 11. Port DfftotUe canal*?Completedj length 10 mile*, from Port Deixnitc on the Huwiuetiannah to the Maryland line. & . It Chnafieate and Ohio conef.?Tbi* *m begun on the 4th July, lead when ground was broken by the President of the, United Btates. Length MO mite*/ ftW Georgetown, D, C. to near Pittsburgh, 13* Ohio State canal.?Unfinished j length 8Cd miles trooi Cleveland on Lake Brit to Hie Ohio, at the month of the (Mot*. 4 14. Miami canal.?UnSolshedi lengtU 365 ro ilen, from Cincinnati to the Mattatec, near the head of Latei Brie. If. Lehigh rana/.??Unfii?*died) ItngtH 46 mile*, from Btnddartytfla on thi Lehigh, tu Bastnn on the Delaware? . . 16. iMtU Schuylkill caval-AM fcngtlt 9 miles from the moutfi of Little 8chayt Kill river to the coal mines. . '* 17. Conmoga ca*?/-?Length 18 miles from Lancaster to the mouth of Consstogo oreek. '' ' ' * '' 18. Schuylkill cabal.?FiuWiedj length 180 miles, from Philadelphia to Mount Carbon. 10. Union canal.?Finished} length 79 miles, from Herding to Mkldletowo. 30. Penn*$ Ivania canal.?In progress. It having been commenced at both eitreml tiesi length 306 mile*, from Middletawn to Pfubm F . The three last mentioned canals foi'm a line from Philadelphia to the Ohio, at Pittsburg, nnd may be considered jMrteof the same grant enterprise. ' <? 31. Ohh and Krie canal.-Ax* length; 313 miles, from Pittsburg to Erie, On Lake? Brie. 22. Delaware canal.?This will mn from Philadelphia to meet the l>elaware ami Hudson canal. It has already been begun/ [Fri'to'lltf Boston UtiSeite.T CENSUS OF SOUTH CARQUKA H10 f1*? WWteinbabi 1? !^ k0" Urolini hu just been com* ofu.. .UitT^ss, Vy0*" ?? ?-l-8 per heretSi.^^ ratio of incrwue Iihs From 1790 to 1000, 88 Mr ct. caiii 1800 ? 1810 20 ? ^ 1810.? 1820, 18 ? ? m 1820 * 1829, 61 ?? \* utat, which tide would bo accellenfted to jBBSaMaBs EmssSr ?d ,t 40,000, .?UIW gpK?' portion, Uw Moral 'ss.-;mr Charleston is on fctsrass?. fete"?*"!fS&i+T nurntcTi, PahrfleM, Cheaterfleld, Darlington, I Richland, HioktM, 1 Amlenon,5 Cheater, Abbeville, Par. fit Mathcwa, UnuMcr, Barnwell, Marlboro', Edgefield, York, Laurent, Lexington, Hpartanburr, Newberry, Clarendon, > Clermont, J Upper D'.ktrict, 190,308 194,199 30T.6 0 - " * '? -' if' *fi?i 'j* _ _ _ Charlcnton District, Mam* Williannlnirg " Horry livnufort " Colleton " I?ower DiMrirl. 48,561 43,?M Vppor IM^f - ? WjSr - Inrroatfo in $ y#?m, ? iMtt Mpmm/ A iind PMjrMonnrarv p<it? about piK??Vwa<t wfcrnd rt rim, Who (pir? tt it* fkvor ol (fit ? ***?L Hu m- t. ?m? " / " the thtffgo brfnrt\ ifie rjrre*tton*r/hlioW.u 'I npfKw," mM ?* Quack fothtyf 'th? pulm-r-f hiapationt, "thMfnu thikkm? ftfiwl.'' Sir," replied th?tick Rrte'vo you I'lndw^vor I rnttof* ? liW