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n > -Vf* .* *v, - ?--A . ?' *j' pi7b" ?' o? ? ??>?; *?.;?!? 4 \ fjfcJ> y i>*tim' tfic * V"* %j l(UUI.IdHKI? BVKKY FHIUaY MOItfUNO TEUAW?THrtc Dollars per amnum, payable ??. bJr*ntt,*r Fottr Dollars payable at the tmJ oj tk? jwer. &PT!3BMP.HTS inserthI tithe usual rt'es. ???? 1 I I political. ^ 1 * *1 (From I !? Ft?*- Tru?l? A<lv->rale] SPBBCII OF MR. BURGEE. Ob tlM 4th of July last, a speech wu do livcnd by Mr. Burgess, of Rhode Inland, known in congtoaaa a strenuous supporter of the restrictive poliey, from which we sbaUrnako a btvf extracts, for the purooso ofoffering some comments. If the philoso pher* of the "American system," i>o*sess cd minds capable of being reached by ru guoient, their whole theory would be up set without costiug any wore trouble Uiau however, their Whole scheme, for it is not win ?? uie Nuiwme states, at that time, and therefore, unlea to shield himself un i? WUIV |iiuqu Ssin growing nit d equanimity ol Now, had Mr. *eystea,< involves them in such ahsurdi tisa, and surrounds them with such a mys tification, that they cannot see the truth and they therefore resemble Uie bata and owls, which acknowledge only thoiso things to Itavt an existence, which they ian behold in the dark. Mr. Burgess is too respectable a gentle man, to lw suspected of willAil uiUropre aentation, but ho is not, on thataccount ox? omated from the liability of being charged with too hasty and unqualified au assertion as fret*, of what a little examination would have shown him not to bo facts. That he has done this, wo shall undcrtako to de monstrate. He says. "No touthrrn statesman has hitherto | proposed to repeal that part of the Ameri can system, under which southern agricul ture is flourishing." Mr. Burgess eould have known, had he I enquired, that the duty on eotton, rico, and tobacco, wm never imposed with the idea of protection; that it was a mere roveuue duty, and no more a part of tho "Amorican system," than tho duty on coffee, or tea, or Madeira wine. The duty on cotton was fixed at three centa per pound by the net of 1790, when its cultivation was scarcely thought of in this country. and /tut nm > *tnce been ultcred. Tho duty on rice was fixed at fifteen per cent, ?nd hat, never time been altered. The duty on tobacco was fixed also by the same act, at fiftocn per cent, and fiat tiever time been ,iltrr etL Sugar is tho only articlo coming under | the denomination of" southern agriculture,' which can be pretended to bo benefitted by | the "American system." This articlo i? rat sed in Louisiana alone. The duty prior to 1816, was two and anda half ccnts per |>ou ml, and was taidsolely as a revenue duty. In that year, the manufacturers, in order to tie euro the votes of Louisiana, in favouroftheir nxhorbitantschoiue of widu-sproad taxation agreed to increase tho duty on sugar to three cents. But this Bargain never Itad the con sent of the statesmen of tho other southern nor at any time since, less Mr. Burgess intends . - under the mere .letter of his aaseveixtion, and to draw a distinction between "opposing." and proposing tore peal," he must coniess that he iias errone ously represented the conduct of tho aouth orn statesmen. Nor, lias ho evinced in tho succeeding sentence of his speech, any dis position to avoid n misrepresentation of tacts, for he says, "It utile prosperity of the northern and ing states, which has disturbed of these politicians." r. Burgess taken the trou ble to enquire, he would have found, that the equanimity of the politicians of the south, lias been disturbed not by tho pros perity of any of their neighbors, for they nave wisdom enough to perceive that auch prosperity cannot but bo beneficial to themselves; hut by the selfish policy of the "American system." which can only thrive by distressing and ruining tho south. Besides, where is the prosperity of the north, and tho grain-growing states, to which the orator refers! To judge from the deelarations of the parties themselves, there is no such prosperity. N it to be found amongst the merchants! Let tho omptv stores, tho grass-grown wharves, the idle and decaying ships, the silent ship yards, answer. Is it to be found amongst the formers! Their cry is never ceasing, "agriculture is overdone; we cannot get re munerating prices for our grain." is it to be found amongst the manufacturers? Let the ruin and Imnkruptcy and emharasH ments, of the last six month**, amontr*t those whoso pursuits havehvnn most bitch ly protected by the tarift'. reply tothis'pies tlon. What is the result! Why that Hum prosperity, which Mr. Burge** consider* of such sit enviable nature, an to disturb the equanimity of the southern politician*. n<> where dxihIn. lie dues not even himself believe it to exist. For he nays. "Their sugar, rico, cotton, ami tolnccco, find a ready market in Kurope, while the homo, iron, provision*, bread stun*, fish, and lumber of the northern states, ought a* well be thrown overboard, a* transported to any nation on the eastern shore iif tho Atlantic." Now if this language moans any tiling, it means, that the production* H tho south are admitted into the markets of lOurope, nn I wo presume those oftireat llritain are prin cipally intend**!, upon more favourable terms, than the productions of the northern state*; and on this account the eooaiiiioity of the southern |M?liti<*ian* is disturbed. But what are the facta! Wo have liefore us a copy of the British tariff, published in the pre**iit year, and in it we find, tho follow ing rates ofduty "fhijfar, vi/. brown, o? Muscovado, or clayed; not being refined, thee.wt. Ha:tO," which is upwards of, e ? rrnta per ftotunl But aa nobody, but Mr. Burgees, Aver heard of a pound of American raw sugar, belfig shipped to Kurope, owing to the fii cility whim foreigners have of buying for eign sugar, oven in our own market, of equal quality*at the aaraa price, entitled !'? n dmwhaek three rent* fter fiound. one might presume Mr. Burgess must have meant refined sugar. By the name tariff wa And the duty upon that article to k ft 0, the owt, which ia 8.'H cent* |>ei iiound. Now. aa both these duties are pro mMtwy, If f-dlows. that Mr linrgw lm< S&fl&SaB imi iiAxoardt of o*r hundred per cent, the market prioe of that article there befng to #2j per 100 Ibe. Although thisduty {a not qui to a prohibitory one, yot it operatea mora heavily upon thatpro duct tlian the 00m laws do upon wheat flour, and we therefore think, that Mr. Boraem ha? not tnado out his caae of "a rea dy market," in tho article of rice any more than ho haa in that of sugar. Nor has ho boon any mora happy in re gard to I'tbrncco. Tho degree of American applied to tlda article by the Brit '*h government, so far exoeeda any thing, that even our own tariff lawa impose upon tho ??/ completelyprohibited manufacture that your cottona and woollens diitiea, of 170 to 339 porcont, are mere child's play to it. Tho duly on tobacco imported into Great Britain in five hundred, to one thou sand per cent. Upon somo low priced quid? ities, such as cost per example ?8 per cwt it is two thousand, as will be seen from tho following statement, taken from the tariff refonvd to. "Tobacco, via. of tho growth or produce of any British province in America, un manufactured, the lb. tl 9d. of tho growth or produce of any other place, unman factored, the lb. 3*. 0." Th'ua we see, that tho "ready market," which Mr. Burgem'* imagination has con jured up, i* Kaddled with a duty which would ho absolutely prohibitory, were it not that the British government for purposes of revenue, imposes nearly the samo duty up on tahacco produced in her own colonies, thus demonstrating most conclusively, that her high duty on tohaecoia a munici pal regulation, and not intended as an act of hostility to South America or tho United States. The article of cotton, which is charged with only six per cent, is tho only ono of the southern Maples, which isadniittod in to Great Britain, at a low duty, and is con sequently the only one, in referenco to which Mr. Burgess'sfttatementcorrexpondM with the reality. But to understand the extent to which ho has mistaken tho farts, it isrequisite, that we bhould ascertain tho duties upon the other production)* enumer ated by him. They are as follows,? j "Hemp. rough, or undressed, tho cwt. 4s. 3d." Thin duty, which is equal to <*20 76 per ton. doe* not at all o|>erato in juriously to the agrirulturo of the United States, inasmuch as tbo north of Kurope can afford the article so much cheaper than we can, that, notwithstanding the enor mous expense of transporting it ncross tho Atlantic, our hemp-growerer* require a protection of #50 per ton to enable them to sustain the competition. "/row. vi*. in bars, or unwrought, tho| produce of any British province, and im ported from thence, tho m, 2s Gd. Produce of any other country, tho ton, Ail. 10. 0 Slit, or hammered into rods and iron drawn or ham mered less than | inch square, tho cwt, 6. 0. Cast forevery 42100 value, 10. 0. 0. Pig iron, tho ton. 10. 0." I Mr. llnrgess himself upon second reflec tion, would hardly complain of a duty on foreign bar iron, Imported Into Great Bri- i tain of ?6 67 per ton, when British iron is so cheap, that it cannot l>c shut out trom the United Slates, hut by a duty of $37 per ton. J*rovMont pay ha follows. Hams pr.cwt.i2l A 0 equal to 5 lets pr lb. Lard, M 8 lens than 1} " Butter. " 10 0" 4 " Cheese, " 10 6 equal toS " Salted beet, 12 " 3| " Pork, " 12 " 3J " Now although some ef these duties are high, yet none of them equal the duty upon rice, sugar, or tobacco, nnd therefore Mr. Burgess's contrast does not hold good. As to bread atuff*, the duties are impos ed by a scale regulated by the market price of train, nnd varying as this Is high or low. When the price of wheat in Great Britain 'h at 45t. per quar. of .560 lbs. tho duty is 4Is6d. 50 " ?? 36. 8. 60 " " 26. 8. 70 ?? " 10.8. 73 " '? 1. 0.j It i?, therefore, at tnrtT, n mere nominal | luts, at others a mode rote one, and at no j mm1 a duly equal t ) the rate chargcd upon ? ugar, rice, "r Iu'vkco. I ut besides thin, it could easily be demon- , stratcd, that if the duty on grain were in (?? CHt Britain, nt the very low rate of twen [ ty-five cents per bushel, at no time exccpt in seasons of srarcit), could bread fttufl* be exported from thitcountry to a profit, owing to the great cheapness with which wheat hi be furnished from Poland and Germn ??v, Sardinia, and other European countries. 'I'o get into a p ission, therefore, with Eng 111ui, bcuutc she will nrtt buy our grain nt high price, when she c?n procurc it eUe where at a low price, is just a* silly as it would be tor n baker to icpesent it an a Hi icvaiicc, that his neighbor* would not glee "in ten r enin ftu a loaf, which they could nr. <>f any other baker al five. In reference toJish and lumber, the duty >?e will admit to be nearly prohibitory. According to t statement published in Nile*' l<t-gi*ti-r?of 8tIt August, there were export* <1 in the year 18J8, to England and Ire nil. only the following limited quantities. 12 barrels pit kled fish, value, $70 Staves, hcadiag, lioardn, planks, hewn timber, i'<v. 38,136 Other lumber 3,36!, masts and spars, 4,499, V 00 But what strikt a one as a little remarka ble, iti this matter is, that the people who .ire the mmt deeply injured by the restric tive policy of Great Britain, are not the ?nplainants. Wo nee no petitions from which the fisheries arc tarried on, recom mending an adherence to the tariff police, is a ground of retaliation because the Brit .?h will not take our fish, Wc sec no soli citations from MAtne, and North <*nrol1nn. sssu ??$SldKS3? &^^avr??:r '!&?. vat^itfJu W"lch U to make matter* {**? Jf Olher nations chonae to uy. ?? we wMI purchase only a limited quantity of your ?nSiU?!? * Particular kind, or, even none &c*!!LiIVL ^ ?? 10 *cnaib,e-' lhat !??7**r\?ro not to *>o promoted, by putting it nut of tho power or tiioM: nations to hny other commodities which they nre willing, SUHfei .Who then. *re the grcad champions of the tobacco, rice, fiah and lumber interests* Why those who carc D?l.a *tr*w for "V Interest but the mann SPHS? ?"<l woo,>?" cloth; ami when we behold such suspicious looking ad voMteh entering the lists of argument, and 2?fe.V^2 ? advance their ow.' .'irws, *?'?* they pretend to advocate thom of others wAo do not with their aid. It reminds one ol thoae nolitlcal cheats so common at the present day, who tell the people that sate'waswr stck",B ?,m But, sayii Mr. Burgess?"They have ne vcr been able to point out one article of American manufacture, made dearer by the American system; but thev know that the whole surplus producc of the farmers *.f the northern stutes, would become a drug, and perish on their linnds, If that system were abolished." V-hst the articlc allud ed to is, we know not. That the prices of commodities have not risen, has not rctult M!! 'M'' 'n *he " American sys tem, but from causes which have been! operating to counteract it* eiTect. One is, the increased economy oi manufacturing, especially in Great Britain, where a yard of cotton cloth can he woven for a cent. Another is, a fall in the pricc of the raw materials. These two causes have been operating ever since our protective policy was adopted, and upon many articles have produced a decline in the cost of product ion, greater than the increase of duties IItrd wurc of every description, is now cheaper under the present dutic*, than untie.- the former duties. So are cotton and woollen fabrics of every description, except, per haps, coarse flannels nnd baizes, and there fore Mr. Burgess would conclude, that be cause at tides had fallen in price, no evil had resulted from the tmiflT, to consumer*.? | Let the proposition, however, be fairly st.? ted, and a new face is at once put upon it., I'he question in its true form is this: " Are.j manufactures as low as they would now ?ks if it weie not for the existing high du ?ick?" To answer this question, we will j appeal to a London newspaper, now before ua. It is the Morning Herald, of June 16,1 last, from which we extract verbatim, the following advertisements.* FASHIONABLE DM ESS COATS, FROCK COATS, Ceo. cut and made to fit in the very first style, of the best west of Eng land superfine cloth, from ?2 13 6 to 3 3 01 Extra Saxony black or blue, 3 3 0 3 10 0 Cloth or cassimere trow sera oi the most pre vailing colours, 1 0 0 1 10 01 An elegant assortment of the most choice patterns in waistconting, 0 7 0 9 14 0 A plain suit of Livery complete, 4 0 0i Families ami gentlemen who arc disposed j to make a trial waited upon, and their or ders will receive the most prompt ami par ticular attention, by J. Alokrt, l'ailor, ficc. 47, Fishstreet-hill. CARPETS CITY W A U EHOUSE. Strong yard wide Kidder minster, 2 0 and 2 2 Very stout and fine ditto. 2 6 nnd 2 9 Superfines, (elegant pattern*) 3 0 to 3 6 Yard wld* Venetians for bedrooms, &c. ' 2 0 and 2 4 Ditto, all wool, 2 10 nnd 3 0 Brussels, for the drawing room, of the newest and most splendid patterns, at a very I great reduction. V. ARTKR Cv CO. 2, tlK lpDMIC, 1 Near Paternoster row. Stair earpeting, hearth rugs, (Irti^c*.*, i ?ml floorcloth*, in the greatest vnrlety, at j exceeding low price*. N. B. The stock is the most extensive, and dccidtdly the cheapest in the mctropo- ' ht>. CARPETS FOR SAM1'..?"Terms, cash | on delivery," Manufacturers, (in ah ax It Co. Brussels, old patter*, Js 10?l to .5%. 2d Ditto, the best 3s Id to ,1s. Gd Ditto, splendid and new, 3s 9d to f??. 1 lit Ditto the most valuable and magnificent in Europe, 4s. .Id to -Is f?d J I*. H. The stock being ?ix times that-f; any retail house,every description ol hovers | are instantly suited.?Warehouse, 294, High Holborn. These we presume will be sufficient to put nt rest, all doubt upon the article of carpets and gentlemen's clothing. Hut that a similar reduction in most other man ufactures, has also taken pUce, is rvklrni from the qualities which have been import ed, and continue to be imported under the present high duties. Nothing but a dimi nution inth?c<Mtofproduction, (awl wheth er that proceeds from a reduction in the cost of the raw material, or hi the rate of wage*, or in the rate of manufaetuitrNpro fit, it it all the same to us,) could have kept ? At the ordinary rale of eselianji*, wliieb ha? I'M* a tonf tint* current, sterling money can lie reduc?d into our currency, with MfReient aec?i iscjr, by taking *si ?? an eqwl*al#nt of Itf ttnti, am) mm fund, as the equivalent of <4 80-100. It wMI thus appear, that I He Lor* km priees for mtlcmen's coal*, *r?ftosi|U<IO 100 tn#Hf0 100, ?Ml fat carport* follow. Klddermlnrtert, yar4 wW*, 4B fo Meant* fs?ti?n?, 48 to 6rt w to ip thaw importation, M they have been kept up; for, unleM a profit out be nutdabf lilt trade, no merchant will persevere In lm? K>t>iyv Ae to the Met, that foreigner* can tk,lr ^terw* to tall ua their me ?,??/3 h?P<? pric?? will rise again ot ******w,u MtheaMelreaaBftia. ten. riUataaiieverhMppen?(uileaaphiloao> div.scknce, ami skill, march back to the po rtion they ??ccupicd fifteen year* ago, which ?ill hardly take place during the lifetime %il? 5J*tent generation. We therefore assert, and we do It without he fear of contrudictiaii, (hut there U not orticlc now manufactucd In the United nates, and which is protected by duties of ?Oner cent or ubove, that, were the duties tduccd to n revenue scnic, would not be :.ieuper, not onlv than tliey used to be, fif een years ago, Got cheaper than they are iisduy,anft this U the principle upon which lie advocates of the interests of the consu mer*, the great body of the fieotite, oppose he prohibitory system. For Mr. Burgess, tie rehire, or any other orator, or writer on lis :< oC of the question, to defend their theme, as one that has not occasioned a [W in prices, whilst it prevents prices from 'I jhig* i? n mere piny u|>on words, which 'though, it muy deceive the ignorant, can* i<^ escape the detection of the intelligent reMler. Such sort i.f reasoning is built upon 10 *iore solid fout.dations, thuu that of the *isftfinnneicr, who, when paper money bad lepruaated fiity perceiv, Mas to raise pri gme rally to double their old rates, innls ;cd u(Win it, that because coffee ot which a h*ihk*Ypinntity had been Imported, re 1jUI! T t!,t' *3mtJ price, it was not affect rd by th> extraoidinary issue of paper.? Nothing iMnure clear, than that high duties :ausc Pric^ to rise, but if simultaneously with the iWvpnsitioii of the high duty, the ?out ot production is diminished ?>?? greater iiit 10 than tha duty, nothing i? more clear than that the price of the article must fall. Would not, thervforc, that man be an idiot, * ho, because die price of the article under luch circumr.tances should fall, would insist jpon it, that it had fallen In conaeouence of he high duty? As well might tiie man. who, after the loss of one of his urms, inven ted n machinc by whith he could do mote work, than he pctfonmd before with both it ins, insist upon it, thai his increased a* jility to produce, was the result of the loss d his arm. As to the knowledge possessed by the southern politicians, according to Mr. Bur gess's account, that "the whole surplus iixxluce of all the farmer? ~f the northern rtates, would hccooic n dr d perish on their hand*, if that system . . *boli?hed," we nte of opinion, they know i?.. Mich thing. 1 hey know, on the contrary, that the very reverse would happen. They know that, it the absence of all suicidal restrictions, .heir own productions would be augmented, tnd with them thcil ability iucrcased to mrchase and consume the productions of mrthern agriculture, instead of growing them as they must now do at a dtsactvanrage rising to their being prohibited by law, from raising those more valuable prrducts, for which heaven has particularly adnptedtheir loil and climate. They know also, that in l>ropm tion as one nation is diaposed to take the products of nnothcr, this very disposi* tion engenders, on the part of the latter, a :orres|KHidftig disposition to take the pio lucts of the former, as the only imaginable means of (fleeting a sale, and that the beat way to induce other nations to act liberally towards ypu, is to n^t liberally towards them especially as nothing is to be gained, and much tnujr he lost, by pursuing a different coursc They also know, tl.at if it so hap pens, that the northern states can raise no thing but grain, iron, liemp, and flax, all of which cat br produced in Great Britain, or lie promised in Kuropc, much cheaper limn we c.?n furnish them, it is not wise in them, to visit this natural disadvantage upon the heads of iheir southern brethren, by deprl ving theirs of the power to dispose of theIr productions. So that we think, we are pistificd Hi pronouncing Mr. Burgess's illib eral inventive, to be a* destitute of correct ness, as it is of patriotic feeling. In a future number, wo will pursue the subject, end we think, we shall show,'that i greater collection of erroneous statements ind false principles is not often to be met with, than is to be found in this very speech of M?. Burgess, arising, as charity would lead us to suppose, Irom his culpable nrg* lect, to examine the reasoning o; the ndvo cote# of liberal doctrine*. fKrom Ihc NhI <i Hmnrr J TEX A 8. Mr. Editor?Nothing more '.ban a brief summary will be here attempted. A sim ple p-oposition, if it be MilViciently citar, or a him if it hu properly understood, will an twei' the purpose quite it* well as a labored e??) on n plain subjcct. I believe the po litfcal rye nnd intelligence of this enmtnu niy i<? too bright to need .1 labored produc tif 11 to enable them tntommanil n view of tl|e whole ground which I wish to lay bc l#rc tbeni. The man who cannot see that tie welfare And prosperity of this nation are intimately blended with the condition r.ftheSciith West, l?oth now and hereafter, it covered with melt a cloud of darkness, t >at no effort of mine would cnablu him to i hse to a brighter atmosphere. Let it be remembered that Ciinton said jt'.ie politie'd watchwoid of America wan | "onward " Sneh also has been the opin j ion of ?>ur most distinguished patriot* for 1 Manv yearn, that the strong hold of Ameri can power and Krandcur would settle in the South Wot. During the discussion nf the portentous Missouri question in Congress, a band of patriotic meml>m rctiretl to the lodgings of one of them, nod there, while ! others slept, pondered nver the welfare of their country. After a long, labored and private investigation of the question, one of the party observing to Com. Bdnhridge, who was present, and listening with mark ed attention and deep interest, "here yoa have Men and heard a specimen of the hope* ?nd fears and anxiety of politician*. Miner me to solicit the opinion of an old ami respected Tnr," he replied, "from circum stance* and facte which are daily develop ing, it is evident that the National ship I* drifting South Westj man her, keep ncr i tight, and ?t?e will find safe moorings." ? will borrow a mcupbor from Mr. Rudolph, ? after having tabor?d to draw the portrait, I baye neither time nor leisure to wrltr. rfikkn tear." >*Ke afit* of Mr. Jefferson's life that will thine mostronftpH-umuly on the paces of feture history,are bis Dtelarutlon 9t Independence. and hU/lurrAarr of Iau it Ian m. When the historian khull have fin ished his task they will be fixed ornament* to he rospended In the Heavens, they will be u> honor to the human mce, awl ImperUh abie Immortality to Mr. Jcflerv>n. What are the acts that Andrew Jackson will have In his power to consummate, that will have any similitude to these immortal sctsot Mr. Idnrson?lA<y arttkt txibtgttkhment of ihe Afcffcuoi Debt, and the flutrhaoe or dc j unit fan of TVxsi. The first, admiring nations may copy; the tecond, s grateful ton. ' -y and an applauding posterity will tdmire. There la no difficulty in this. The custom-house of Hew Orleans has paid the purchase money Louisiana. If there U any man h? the Union who has felt himself straitened, In his private aflklrs in conse quence of this payment, let him proclaim) his name, and ne shall have redress?but there is not one. 1 lie customs of Texas would do the same thing. The Mexican, steeped to the lip in poverty, threatened with a powerftri Inva sion by the mother country, will part with this property or any thing else for the ?akeof money. Now is the time, and this is the hour, to strike lor our country'* weal. Commercial men, every way qualified to form an estimate and to give an opinion, have said that Texas, hi the hands of the British, would be of as much, or more im portance to them, thsn the bland of lamui ca. Let us fer n moment imagine this de Ughtful region in the hsnds of that proud and over-bearing nation, flinging bones of discord'to the two sister republics, and then imagine if you can, the deep toned imprecations, that would pervade this na tion from Maine to the Sabine, from the sou roes of the Mitouri to the mouth of the ICifteMtAralrr. I believe President Jackson hat a listening and attentive ear. It It said he would m? soon scan the opinions of a Corporal, as those of a Major General, and that he with , equal readiness wpuld adopt or reject eith- | eras hit judgment might determine. Be- | lieving this to be the fact, 1 venture to make 1 the above suggestion*--with the addition that there it nut one moinrnt to be lost. Q in a tquceze. Mr. EilUor.?In looking over the Repub lican of Friday last* I was mut-h gratified to find the attention <-f the United State*, di rected to our Western boundary. Thin 15 ccrtninly n matter ot great and growing im portance to the United States, and the ac quisition of the province of Trr.as would be alike conducive to the quiet and security of our government, and the glory of the preterit administration. The unstable and perplexed condition of I the Mexican Government, and the conse quent dancer <>t the province falling into other hands, dtsignate this at the proper moment for commencing a negotiation. 1 was much pleased with the idea sugges ted by the author of the piece ultuded to, ot exchanging the territory west of the Rocky mountains for this province. The country west of those mountains never can, under any circumstances, he essentially be-1 ncficial to the United States, and in all hu man probability may be of great inlury. It has cost the United States already an im mense sum of money. In endeavoring to set tle in Congress the much disputed question, whether it would be expedient to occupy it ?and U something is not speedily done, it will coat the United States more money in Congressional debates, than would be suflSi clent to purchase the whole province of Texas. 1 he policy, as I might my the absolute necessity of our (iovcnimcnt acquiring this province, was ably exemplified by Mr. Clay in hit speech upon the Spanish treaty. In the course of that speech lie observe* "that all acconnts concur in representing Texas to be extremely valuable; its climate is de licious; its soil fertile} the margins of its rivers arc covered with live oak, asd the country admita of easy settlement; its pro ductions are suited to our wants, and iv pos sesses some ot the finest ports in the Gulph of Mexico. The colonies of other oountrles are separated from them by vast seas, re quiring great expense to protect them, ami always liable to be torn from their grasp ? Our colonies on the contrary form a part of our continent, the same Mississippi from whose rich deposits the best ot them (Lou isiana) has been formed, will transport on her bosom the brave, the patriotic, fr<?m her tributary streams, topicserve and de fend the next most valuable, the province of Texas." Mr. Clay next contended, that it would be inexpedient to cede Texas to any foreign power. "It was evident" he observed, "that it was an 'inevitable result of the principle of population, that the whole j of this continent, including Texas, was to be , peopled in process 01 nmc. i nc question i I* by what nice shall it be peopled? I > our h rinds, It would lie peopled by freemen, car rying with them our IttnguMge, our laws and our liberties. In the bund# of others it mav become the habitation of despotism and of slaves, subject to the vile dominion of priestcraft and the inquisition. He knew that there were honest ami enlightened men, who feared that our confederacy *ns niready too large. Ho hoped find believed that the principle of representation, and the formation of states, would preserve us a u nlted people. Hut if Texas, after being peopled by us should at some distant day break off, she wilt carry with her it noble crew, consisting of our children, the ?ons of freemen. The difference between those opposed to the annexation of Texas and him was that their system began, where his might at some future day terminate, theirs began with a foreign race, aliens to all we hold most dear, and hit ended with a race partaking of all our qualities." (Clay's Speeches 216, 217, IS and 19.) The United Htates should not only be possessed of Texas but ? part of New Mex fco. The Kfo CJrandf, from its mouth to its soutce In the Hocky mountains should be the line; this would be a tioundsry unva rying and natural, and about which there could ho no disnntc. I sinc.eri ly hope thU ?St M It is) will receiv _ . Is pn-si Hi adiuiniktiMiiun, _ ?our interest* *ud prtwperity Mr HUu^r,^There to I ood Mam in the folio wl Hscouree before the TrSrtf ets .College by a man of known nad un~ ouotcd talents, J<thn Scrgemnt J?*f. that I eg of you to place them befom youriea There is no doubt that In my be made in the seminaries < ry? there to no doubt that it<_ bat?Swpj2rtof < 1 public sentiment to bring it into . he improvement ad verted to is . nd of course moro mature power*?ana, ?? consequence, higher and more thorougti taching. The result can not be secured nless trio moans an* employed; and their mplnyment does not depend upon tbdeo rho are immediately entrusted with tb" ire of the instruction of youth?; Protas is and teachers would unity > rawing the standard of edu anting their pupil* fuither and ftirthcr in > the path of feaVning?if pareuu, f unating its importance, could be t d upon to afford them the n 'hey, (unless totally rust.) must be justly and onvinced of the value of aent. But their voice to i o. By a prejudice, as at ____ onablc as it to unjust, they are w seeking only to advanoe their eiest; ana then testimony to, On i mint disregarded; when, Principle by which human evi o be tried, it to entitled to the! wet. Their meamt of knowledge are | cr than those of other men, They roin daily experience?they learn oustauL and anxious ineaitatloii? esm from habitual occupation. It to theirs o watch with parental attention, and with uoro than parental intelligence, the ex tandiug powers of the pupils committed to heir choree. It is their* to observe the ili luenco of discipline and instruction in nu neroUH instances, ns it i latum?and it in theirs, eeling to note the i*?ues J WKM nthe liven or those who have been under hoircharge--to rejoice wijh becoming pride, vlion following an alumnus of thn Col ego with th oye of affectionate tenderness hey see him htoadity pursuing a utmighl or ward and elevated path, and becoming a pood and an eminent man?and to mourn, villi unaffected sorrow over thee* who lave (alien by the way, disappointing the* topeaof their parents and tnends, taming; to nought the oounseto and carrs that have been bestowed upon them, and ihflictlng pain and misery upon all who feltan inter wit in their welfare. KxfuPto etrdr, to th? maxim of the law; and it isno lens the m*x~ im of common sense- Why is it not appli ed to the case under comrideratiori, as it is o all others which am to be deterittined hv >videncol The sneering and vulgar insin uation sometimes hazaroed by those who lind it easier to sneer and insinuate, than to reason, that teaehem, as a body, have a peculiar interest of their own, sufficient, on questions which concern their vocation, to bring iuto doubt the integrity of their judgment, and thus to make them incom petent to be witnesses, if rightly considered is not no much an insult to this useftil and honourable, and I may add, in general, f itliful clans of men, as it to to the parents who entrust them with their children. What judgment shell we form of ihrtr in telligence?what si tall we say ofthetr re gard for their offspring, if, at the most criti cal period oflifo, they place theforntinffin tellect in the hands of menof supeificiaf at tainments, and more than qunstionabte in tegrity. to he fkehioucd by them into fan tastic sliapos to suit their own nurpoaee, or fltntlfo their own whims! Tim truth i*, that it is sn anneal to ignorance, whiclvcan operates tipon our , too. with parental ?a of their labours, sn appeal to ignorance, wl succeed only with those who am ur unwilling to think, and to employod i for want of solid argument. The circumstance* of our country. itmunf be admitted, have encouraged and have fa voured sn early entranco into life and. po far have been averse to oxtended education Title cause luui naturally, and to a certain extent justifiably. induced parents to y ioui to the restless eagerness of youth, always anx ious to escapefrom the trammels of discip line, and conftde in tho strength of their un tried powers. - Pride, too, ? lata* and injurioun pride in apt Co lend it* s*?i*t?nce. Inntcid of mcn ?uring the child's progress by hi* advance ment hi Icarnimr and in yrnrs, tbo parent in too much inclined to dwell only upon llm advance he hat made in hi* rhuwc*, and to note, with peculiar gr.it i fiction, the fcrf, that he is the youngest of the graduate* Oitvn, when it"in evident to the teacher, that the pupil'* lasting interest would l>o promoted by reviewing a'part of his cdtttso the very suggention of being put back, is received as an affront, ?nd inoienailtly ro tated, though offered from the Kindest and nest considered motive. It in a mistake, :t great mistake. To hurry a youth intoCol lege, and hurry him out of it, that he may have the barren triumph of extraordinary forwardness, is to forget the very end and object of education, vmichii to give him the ftitl benefit of all that he ran acquire In the period, which precedes hi* choice of ? pm suit for life. What is gained by if! It', sm frequently happens, he b? too young to enter upon the study of a profe*-?iort, them iaan-awkward interval when he is left to himself; he is almost sure to misapply and waste his precious time, and Is in greater danger of contracting penusnent habits of idleness and dissipation. But even Humid this not be the case, of what conseqpenco is H to him, that he should enter upon a profemion a year sooner or Inter, compared with the toss of the opportunity of deepen ing, and widening and lengthening the foundations of character, which art (lien to lie laid In a Seminary of learning. This opinion N not without decided support