Columbia telescope. (Columbia, S.C.) 1819-1821, March 27, 1829, Image 1
USBAt I ,,t j, SMI ?^^ ^^;:4
**? . irv. tt! . XJ "*'*:.
L>*
By P. W. SIMS, wi? rmyriai. COLUMBIA, S. C MARCH 27, 1820 y0| XV ?No. I3
"rSSuSHBO KVERY FRIDAY' MORN I NO I
TERMS?Thrtt Q*U>\rt fur annum, pmfUt w
mdrmnc*, *r r?r Mlmrt/>?y?6/? ?f lk< tf
thtfuar.
ADVV.IlT'SENENTSiuitrltd ?/ M? viunl ml tt.
. COLUMBIA :
HAT MAN I P.VCTORY.
jfflMT Bkicr Mono IKLOW Tilt Maukkt.
?|MlKi|lnrrlh^r to gs leave (nitiloim hitlrirnds
J. aud the iHiblle in general, lb"'! In* ha* com
menced ?||? M AM)FAClTJItlNO OK HAT8 inall
It* various branches, he ha* neither spared pain*
nor espensc to obtain fir?l rut* material* add
WofkfflciH nnd hope* to mailt m liberal abate of
nubile patronage; lie also bo|H>* that *11 who aro
interested in thn euc.nrainnent of ?outlwrn
manufactories, will call U|*m him and ejaoilno
his Hats provlna* to their pirjrhaslnji rticMlirre,
Mlhe argument, I* oflea nrgtfd In trying times of
keening money in I ho country he tipcti they will
?m? duly understood nnd aproclatcd by the public
in s?ihmI; h? Intood* kevpinj an elegant and
uitoniivit n*snrtm?ni of gentlemen'*
Hlnck and Drab Hats;
ConiUtingof nil tlic different aoalllie *at?d ?lt-ip?i,
to* thar w Kli youth* <tml children* Hat* nnd also
Military lUU lor allftrerfMot officer*.nil of which
will Ixt dlspov-ri ol at wbotesalcor retail for cash,
?i loir lu Ibny inn lit purcitiurd In Cunalc?lon,
and warranted superiority II*?* bronpht from the
North, ptraonsrusidiui*, in the country wishing hai*
of any particular t|u?ll|y or fashion, con nci:om
modated ill toe sho last notice by forts anting tin
rise of the head and tin- beichth *1 the crow 11.
N B VII nnt* purchased ol tlio subset ihe \vi!)
lie dressed erntir
Cash paid f.ir allkluda of llatl< rs for
0 llOCIITitASSr.R.
December 25 M "
'1
lO JAII.ORB Aloiut I lie ?1*1 AngUM l ist'
l.ucy left toy |ilnntutifits iui ftiimletou's
areek, l?*acaiter district. ftlic l< <l>?rk complect
ed,spate made, coii^d>'rnhly <liih fared, having a
very htfh forehead, ha* a ler/n gap in the (rout
row of in.r upper teeth, lib* lived abont Colum
bia and tva* sold by A. or ftandy I'reijiiai to .loi o
'iiwch df Ibia district,io February last flhc lw?n
down look and ia iiihrIi whip oinr!:r.d. I'.forma,
tion ol oer dnccled to (tilt otlice wuuld Iw thank
*"lly ro&ardcd.
r.F.r.HOV If \MMOND,
T.lbrrty f 1 ill, 31 <1 l)ec I8J8 <1 l?
' IHiAtti&At.. 7 '
"J tf I. 8ltF.lt .IAN, ItaveYv moved Ibetr Conch
I. Manufactory to the aouth uud nf the thick
IlaoCT?nfeW door* below their Saddlery Ware,
house, abere they llave on hand a Inrpe a*?ort<
tMPl olC*rr'a*i?,eoii*>jliiij;nfcoaches, llarourli
ns, Uij??, Tilbury*. ftu<k*ye Dearborn*, lie. kr..
which they will sell at piice* that tally with thr
times.
N. B. they will repair all kind* of Carriage* on
reasonable term.*.
Jan U3.IR.n>, , -I If
"CAUWILti. & CoT7
HAVK on Imud and are ricclvitij; I he lotion
ln|> article*, vl?.
Sdcar, t.'i.flVn 9aH. Vuu l'owder. Impciinl and
Ily(?in "fen*. ?
Old 4'/> p-onl t.'o*. Brnndy, dlb proof Jam. Hum.
OIJ Ma?l?ira Wine. 'fenenlTo Mula^a do.
old fori Wliie lu bottles
L'uvlon l'ortrr
|0. Ton* BwerJe /lion, nssortej. Uerinau
H:?al, KnilM'" IliiiU r do Amcrii-au do.
Ilowlauds Mill nod Cross tiiit Haws
d.* C??t rtie?f;Naifarnncl Bandnrnon'* brand*.
40 d<>z. weeding Ii?m?. n??mted ?<re* Wliiite
innri'a C'<?llon nod Wool card*
Uullows, Aavilt, Viuts, Slud^o and batidllain
mers.
Bof^ioc, Ibuie nnd Iwlne.
AI.S<>.
A general .is?o?tment ?tf hartUvnrr nnd cutlery.
All of which will l>e udd as ion- a* Ibis inaj-fcet
M ill afT.ird.
Colnmh.a, 13 Feb. 1820, 7. If
commercial hotel
CWNllfi ?*l?w?rlh?T vi*ry ri-?|irrtfotly inlorm* lilt
.JL friend* t?t>d tlio imiMIc K? nM/>llv.l I'M linlm*
npflrK'l * IIOIJBK OK KNIKRTAlNMKNl for
Tfattlltf UnA Honrtftrt on llto .Main ?lrrrf ,nn<lin j
itte m?d?t nlthe cotton nwu'irt. Ili?tmu>r i* t??r?r?? c
nnd ronvenlenl.and llir. be?| the mnrliil aff.irili.j
will el nllUrtiw tw? In |??cnlv.
Tk?* iMcil n?wa from Knrnpc i? rm>lv< <1 nl,
rri?rv snivel, th*. enrri'M |?r|t??** from Nf\v York
weekly, betide* different daily |mi??r?.
l> liKCKLT.
Novom icr 21, IOCS. 47 if
Hattn o/ Ijnnd Afortyotffil lo the I'a/ier flft
* din in.
T|Ur>8(fANTtnnnn-t f?;i??cil on the lOihKrli.
Jm. 1*91, entitled,B An *H f?r (.'rmltinliy rtiliiHt
in and ?Inking the i'aper Medium ???ii?-.J t.y vjrlu?
of Ml net ml it l? ? I, "An net |o Mlnhloli a >l< <lli>m
of circulation. by way of loan, ami to ?*ciir? it*
rreUM and ?Ullty," |>ewr?l the Itfth of Ot I'll).
The Stele 1'reMUier in Clwrknlne, *>vm uotu-e,
that on Wedn*?d.?y lf?o 4ilt ilay of A|>nl m-m,
will <lieyoae of ot ftlMlc bul", at tin- Kxfltan^, to
tholii;rh???t bidder, fheMloWmx l?and? Mortgaged
to the t'aper Mnlitim Itoyii Olfic, ami apply the
proeeetl? ei directedl?y tlir vud act, uule?? tli?
ee?p*etiredefaulter*!)! the mi .m time make pay
ment ol the haUtir# of |>rinft| *1 and inler??t n??w
4h<> on their bniiiii together with the (thnr^n
thereon. The *alo will t>rgn? at 11 o'cWk, when
plait* and their dotociption* will IwproiJu' c<l.
Ro. 4ltl. Jn'?n Pn?te!l -five Iravti of (.and ??
flforjfHown Oi?(rM, a<li"iiiitt? eeeh other, em.
tainto* in the whole 2^W0 aoree near
River.
No. 14. Thomaa Wetiee?A lot of land on th?
Dai of.Georgo'own, No. 3<),?mtalnin< llflfy 0
in irn?| thereof, north on f*an<!? In lonfiojrtl.
retate of Daniel f lorry, ronth ?m Samuel Wrr*;
ciiarm:* si. runman, /w?r*.
ImrarfOArt, CbultAv ii MmehO. II it
tDOJM' ii > i mm HI ?.i i H1*.! HJJUHmgy
8PEBCH.OF MR. GILMER,
On the bill to reflrat the Tannage Outlet,
Ifc. delivered in the Iloute of Ucfireoenta
ttvce, February 4,1839.
Til* Hum |>rM?rdril In Ihe (flwl<]mll(? of
the bill to nt|ml the loonag* dotka upon ?l?l|w
had vmtii of lh? Uniitd SlatM, nnd upon mKiim
forei^i j mud III* au??toa tolng oo ordering
it to be mcrowed foe ? third rmdiof?
A Her Mr. Sprague liadttken 1th acat
Mr. Gilmer rote. He said, that he felt
himself called upon to answer some of the re
murks of the gentleman from Maine. He
had not known that there wu any tiling so
vitally important in the bill before the house,
and he was turc there wai nothing In the!
manner ot his opposition to it to authorize
the strong expressions of censure which hud
fnltei? from that gentleman. 8ir, a ntrmlier of
this Iioum should lie stronglj fortified, by
the truth of his own prrmiiri, nnd thr <er
;ainty of hit own ronclusion*, before he at
tacked, to freely the opinion* of other*.
The gentleman from Mains thought the
duty upon tonnage oppressive, nnd one tint*,
it was very d. sir able tlmt the people should
be relived from, Mr.<J thought differently.
Nopmpertv, whieh U taxed nt all, paid no
little directly to the government a* our ships.
He estimated the vatucof ?he tonnage of the
United States nt eighty or ninety millions of,
dollars the duty paid bv it nt one hundred,
thousand dollar's making one eighth of one;
per centum uprn it* capital. Wan there
any thing in this mm which looked like op- !
Iprcstinn? The gentleman from Maine nl so
.consult red it as\ ervbutthcflsomc initscollcc- i
! tion. Now, said Mr. G. he believed that,
upon examination, it would lie found to he
'collected with more cane, nt less cost
by the government, nnd paid with more
convenience by the ship owner*, than nny
other tax. 1'iir government would be oblig
ed to have the same officer*, nnd inrur the
*nme expense in regulating our navigation, if
the duty ujion tonnage was repealed. All
vessels would have to be registered or liccns
ed, be inspected, have their manifest* tuid
rlearancck,in the same manner us at present.
He was surprised ut the answer this reason
ing hc.d received from the gent! em an from
Maine He h.vid that the collection ot* the
last 'nrifi did not require additional officer*
for itb collection, any more than the tonnage
duty. Wiiv, sir, the l ist tariff was not in
tended to add to the receipts of the Treasu
ry. It would be strange, indeed, if n law,
design* <1 to lessen the revenue, should in
crease the cost of collection. Hut even thnt
he supposed to be probable, from a late com
munication from the executive tkpavtmeut.
Hut the gentleman from Maine, said, thnt,
although the tonnage duty might be light,
and collccttd with enie and cheapness, yet it
was a direct tax upon property, aad all simi
lar taxe* had been long since repealed. He
fore this objection could have nny weight
with the house, it ought to have been shown
thnt the direct taxc?, which had been repeal
ed, were similar in other respects. Kir, said
Mr. (>. a direct tax upon property was, in
many respects, the Lhearu-Rt of all taxes to
the prople, The objections to it were the
expense of the collection to the government,
the difficulty with the pepplcoibcingprcti>tr
cd for Us payment, and the patronage which
itgavtothe government, through its nu
merran iflteer*. The duty upon tonnage
had all the advantages which belonged to
import*, and was liable to none of the objec
tions to other direct t xe?. The gentlcmnn
from Maine had tint however, shown why
its being a direct tax was nn objection, ex
eept the other direct taxes hud been re
pealed
The same gentleman said that the tonnage
duty, tho* light, was unequal nod unjust, and
that it <vr.s not the magnitude of a t?y, but
the necc??lty for, and the justice of its impo
sition, that should determine it* continu
ance.
It was not sufficient tn prove that n tnx was
unjust, in order to arrive at the conclusion
that it should he repealed. It must also b<
shown tint it was more unjust than nil other
taxes: for the most unjust might most assur
edly to be the first repealed. Unfortunate
ly for c.ur country, there were many, very
many, of our duties, which, according to that
rule, would lit: repealed before the tonnngc
duty.
From the ttrong expression* of complaint I
which had falle'i from the gentleuiHii from J
Mnino, It nii^lit he Mitmosi <1 that thin was
sotne new io/position which IU-s government
w.ih about to lav upon the fcfllji owner*. How
was the f.ictThe present duty of hix cents
npnn the ten had been imposed in 1790 and
h id been confined ever since. It had the
sanction of the wisdom and i-xpeiiencc of nil
thosewho had cone lietnre us. Mr. (J. saidthnt
he was himself hut resisting innovation upon
our established revenue system. Perhaps
the gcn'.lritiiiu from M vno would himself he i
willing, upim n little reflection, to retr:trt his|
charge of Iniquity and ignorance against all j
those who have lilt<101 to administered the
government. % |
The gentleman from M line, in illustrating,
his position that it w.is not the magnitude of a
tix, hut its necessity, that ?u*ht to deter-j
mine its continuance, had referred to tin peo
ple of the south a* hiving lawn inoio excite:
!?y the inequality of the tariff* than its op
pression, I'he gentleman know* nothing of
\he situ ition of the southern people, When
the low price of their ?gr .cultural ptodue-|
tlrtiis h.Kl reduced the profits of labor to its
lowest *.tatej when, from the former
urice nf produce, tlie people had Incurred
? ifge debts, and, from the reduction' In the
?ihie of their property, were unable t.? pay
aem?It was then th.it the government im*
HHvd 'ipon them >n system of taxation th?
.<io?t unjust and unequal, nnd burdensome,
tliat wast ver borne by n free people, ditring a
meof pcaccandgeneral pm?|?eriiy, Their
complaints had proveg'trd from the genet at
OUtrcM ?nd ruin inflicted upon
vated by the clrcumstancc thai
and defence of their country requl
no such sacrifice, hut that the cupidity ?.
other portion* of the people had exacted it.
Thoto other portions, though without sym
pathy for us, might yet discover from the
cause thut never fall* to carry its full force
of conviction, (their interest*) thnt they hud
pressed their exact ions beyond the jvnnt of
profit. If the south be true to itself, he did
not doubt it.
The gentleman fnm Maine asked, why
diminish the facilitiea of navigation upon the
ocean, .*bcn internal communications were
increased at so much expense, in making
roads and canal*. This question, in the first
place, was not applicable, because there was
im cfT rt to diminish navigation. As to the
(treat expenditure for roads ami canals, he
not having voted for them, the gentleman
from Maine was referred to another quarter
of the home for an nnswer, with this re
mark, thnt If did not understand that najvl
gationupontheoecan, wnslcsscncd by incrcM
thc facilities fur bringing heavy production*
from the interior to the utlantlc. The duty
upon ships wan compared to one upon wa
gons, and the hou?c hud been asked whether
one was not as just and equal as the other.
The qustion would he answered when the
Rcntkman who made it showed thnt a tax
up -ti wagons could he ccllectcd with thp
none certainty and cheapness, nnd paid with
the same convenience as that uuon ships.
Mr. ft said, thnt, in his previous remarks,
he had &tn'cd to the house, that the tonnage
duty operated us a tax upon the agricultural
interests; Mid the gentleman f?om Maine had
added, tint it was likewise a tax upon com
merce and manufacture*, and therefore urg
ed its repeal Mr. (?. took this to he the true
difference between the revenue system of the
!gentleman from M tine and himself. His
| desire was to retain such duties as were equal J
in their operation upon nil classes of the com-j
inanity, itr.tl lite cheapest nnd less trouble
1 some iu their cullcction; whilst the gentle
man from Maine preferred to have enforced
!thoscw:ieh were unequal and epprevjlve,
| nnd repeal these; winch operated eepi illy up
on nil the great interest* of the community.
| Mr. (J. said, that in his previous remark's
'he had attempted to shew that the luvignt
ling interest had leg's reason to complain of
burdens th .n any other of the great interests
of the community. The gentleman from
Maine hud thought proper tn nay, i-? rclar
ence to those remarket hat he was mistaken
in fact and principle. The use of ?.uch terms
called for a special nnswer.
| The whole duty paid by thr en'.irr tonijn^j
of tltr United State* amounted annually to ?
|onc hundred thousand dollars, ?h lie hud at-'
| ready stated. There was appropriated, du- j
ring the last section of Congress, f.?r the
erection nf light-hetise*, the building of pier*,
the .placing of buoys, the improving <>f nar
hour*, and removing obstructions in riicr*,
and ninking a break-water, 023,(K.0 il-Hats;
making tliv appropriations for the beeeftt? f
navigation near ten times the sum of duties
received. One improvement nlone, design
ed fur the security of vessel* navi;; I'mg the
Delaware, lie did not iluubt would cost the
government more than the reventi'- derived
from tonnage would repay in fifty years. In i
what, titen, did his mistake consist? The
mistake: hi principle had been about equally
supported. It consisted in this, as stated by
the gcnticntnn from M^me, tlutt each branch1
of industry should pay to government the ex
Cense of its suppoit. Mr. ti. denied that lie
ad advanced any such principle. It was a
man of straw, of the gentleman's own mak
ing, tor his own combatting. What he. Mr.
<i. had givtn ns a reason why complaints
should not be made ngainst the government,,
was urged against him a '.lie adopt ion of u
novel principle. What the gentleman had j
said was certainly true, that the expendi
tures made directly for the benefit and pro
tection of our shipping were advantageous
to commerce. Mr. (i. said that he /ould
assume the still broader principle that not
one dollar ol profit was made from either
ugrieultur.il, commercial and manufacturing
lalxtr, that did not contribute to the advan
tage of all the other great interests.
The gentleman from M.tinc dirt not tinker-1
stand what was meant hyloniiigeiluly not go- J
inK into the tueuimrv. Now this was strntiRy,
hi* argument showed that he put a very i
intelligible meaning upon it.
Mr. (I. said, til it it hart been (hewn that,
the annual appropriation*, for increasing the '
nClUfity and facilities of navigation were near
ten time* the amount c.f tluit duty.
In answer to what hail hcen said a* to the !
ightnes* of the duty paid by the shipping
interest, when compared to other iuU rustr, I
the gentlem'm front Maine had endeavored
to |>rovc t|? it it wilt the most hew* v and Iwr
[denv?me ?>f all others. How? \V.is it hy
the duty now sought to he repealed? N<>.
| But hy ihe hrnvv diltle* imposed hy the 'l ar
tfl*uponiron,durR, and hemp. Mr. < t.said thnt
there w.is no douUt hut that 0??>se dolus
wcievety hurdt nsome to tin sh>ppu>* inter
est. lie would mo?t cordially v?x?- l<r th< ir
repeal. Thcv were as oppressive to atjri
rultureastoeommerreand navigation. They
were not imposed for the pt?ipo*c< ? t' r<*\ ??
tie, hut to promote the intere?tot the >n.nm
faetnrer* of thcite article*. The jn<t eoio
plaint* which the (gentleman ffoiu M ?n e
made nfc.iinst the imposition* uj>oh the ,/>'<>?
Fie engaged In navigation, to ?*<???? fit moot*
ictnrer*, had no application to the duty
sought to l>e repealed by the present ti ll.
lie hud been told by the **mc i*h tlcman,
*.h at If our cotton-gin* and flour-mips win'
taxed, a louder sound would be heard from
the BoutK titan had lately come from that
quarter against the Tariff. Bir, said Mr. Ci.
are we tr? bo oppressed hy the most tiniust
heavy, and unequal taxr*, mid then intuited
for our remonstrances? What i* it in the
Bouth that U not taxed? lie could t?'!l tho
gentleman fmiu Maine that cotton-gin* and
mills were taxed, and heavily too. Every
pound of Iron ami hemp consumed by the
People of Georgia was bought at double its
natural price, either tor the benefit of the
government, or the Individual intereat of
those wh? controlled lU' Every hoc which
cultivated the poor man'? soil came to Mm
charged with nit additional price for the ben
efit of tome Northern mechanic. Every
pound of aalt which savored the bread of the
poor manof the South waa paid for bv n
double portion of Inbor, leit the profit# of the
rich manufacturers of salt in the Wat and
North should he leaatncd. Almost every im
plcment .if agriculture, and a large portion
of thu articles of domestic consumption of
the Southern People, were taxed from
twenty-five to tw* hundred per cent. They
hud to pay upon goods of fortign production
nut only the duty cxactc.l by the Govern
ment, but the charge of the merchant*upon
that exaction. Upon domestic productions,
they hud to pay to the Northern manufac
turer* the same per crnt, npon their actual
j Value in Kurope, charged with the same
I mercantile profit. Our hats rout*, and shock)
our ploughs hoc*, spades, saw*, hammer*,
and nails; our pots ovens ^hovels and tnngsr
lour suit, sugar, coffee, nud tea, all come to
us burdened either with Government duties
or the high prices sveured to the mnnufHCtu
rem by the monopolies granted them, to
gether with the freight charged by the
Northern ship*?\"?cn, and the profits of
Northern mercantile cupital.
And yet the gentleman from Maine talked
of the loud noise that would be heard from
the South, if their intcres* were taxed as the
shipping interest was. Sir, the South p: ys
not only the burden* pecuiinr to itself, l/ut
more than its c<pnl pioportion of every im
position upon navigation, because its pioduc- 7
tlnns were heavy, designed principally for'
foreign markets, and consequently requir* d ?
a great nuantity of shipping for it-i tramp or-!
tution. Dut the gentlrtn.'.n irom Maine sup- J
posed that the Southern ngriculturist liorc!
nothing like the huulcn c f the Northern ship '
owners A Captain o| a roasting vesssei
from hit own ftnte, nfter his return home
from his venture to tiic South with n cargo
of hay, ice, butter,cheese, apples eider, and
onions e?>nhl have given him information
which might have set him right upon tint
M|l?|cct.
'1 he tm'.li was'.hit whilst our agricultural
ttrodiiCti-rtH were at the very lowest possi
ble pi ice at which they could be cultivated,
cveiv tiling which wc consumed cnmc t?? us
charged with the support ??f the Govern- I
smtnt.thc merchant's and IreigV.trr's profits
bounty given for the encouragement ol I
em labor. j
(I. observed, tint, in his previous rc
, he 1*. id viid that the Public Debt
or th?* bounty given for the encouragement ol
Northern labor.
Mr
inatks
ought to h<- paid lie lore th* Government
commenced the reduction of its revenue.
The gentleman from Maine was *>f the opin
| ion that there was no necessity of continuing
| tiicdutv upon tonnage for the purpose jf pay
ing the Public Debt, and had gone into a cal
culation to show that there would be surplus
revenue in the Treasury in 18.T2, which
could not he employed for that purpose.
The passage of a law directing the .Commis
sioners of the Sinking Fund to go into the
market with the surplus funds and buy
Government stock*, would remove all diffi
culty upon that subjcct. Hut it was neccss
ary to go into speculative reasoning about
the time when the Public. Debt could he
paid. It was sufficient for us that nil money
that we should receive ff,r the next year
could be applied to its discharge. The wis
dom of tuouc who should l?c here in 1#32
would enable them judge with as much cor
rectness as we could no for thrm, whether
they woul' be able to use the surplus rev en
| ue or not. Let us set the example of freeing
j the country of it^ debt as tar as wc .nvcthe
menns.
Mr. he ItopH thnt, tint would be
the first and leading object of the next Ad
nvnistra'ion. lie believed it would bo a
more effluent prcpntniion f-.r -var than nil
the expenditure* which could he m ule upon
prmic* nnd tortificntlon*. The effort* of a
free people, whose fiction* thnold he unen
cumbered with the weight of taxation would
acquire an energy wholly irre?istihlc. It
wa* thi* kind of energy which the Demo
crat ir party had ?lwa>* v.nj|it to give to
the defence of tht> couiitiy.
The gentleman Ironi Maine h;;d great
apprehension of corruption, ami piodigftlitt,
nnd W4M<>, If a lirgc surplus revenue should
he collected in Tre?Miry, Mr. O. *aid the
gentleman from Maine might li; asnut ed that
thone with whom he [Mr. O. ] had the hon
or to net would go a step beyond himself in
preventing hoth wnste and corruption He
believed, nnd had nrted upon that faith, that
th- wealth and prosperity ??f the country was
bc*t pif moted hy permitting the People to
retain the largest po&sihle proportion of the
profit* of their lalnur, whrtiter for nccumu- ]
I at Ion or enjoyment. Mr. (I. said he had
never voted for any appropriation of the
public money, hut to carry into t fleet the
icKliimnte pnrno?e* of the <government.
lie had voted for no donation* or partial ap
pr ?prhtion*. Could the gentleman from
from Maine snv xs much ol hi* e>tmo*itbmto
prodigw'itv? He thought not. tlad he not
iinllot inlv voted f.** pension*? Had nny null
Me exticnditure bee;t violative *?{ the princl*
pies of our institution*, productive of ?o little
private xdvantug?, or no unequal in Ha dis
tribution4 It w*s, however, he believed this
very Inequality which fixed this ?y*tem of
the m?wt wasteful disposition of the public
Treavtrj. Kr?*HI (Ul to t <27, there had
b*m ex:-*I'lwl hy the Government)rt the
t>?yim-nt 'it pension*, 16,ft iS,X'.? dollar*. In
1*27, the number of pensioner* wa* 10,234,
??? whom belonged to the six New
F.ngland States, nnd 1,709 to the five ft?uth
erttStnte*, vl*s Mar)land, Virginia, North
Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia. . Tn
1820, the representative population of the
jht Ntt'Enrinwl State*, amounted to 1,659,
mi that of the tame fire Southern Btatc* to
9,m,OOOL So that the Kew>En|laml Statea
with a population of one-third let* than the
live Southern Statea, rcct'ved more than
three and a half time* at much more than the
Southern State* in pension*.
Our Wen* of the watte of the public mo
ney often depended mote upon cur being
It* recipient* than the general efTrrt to bo
produced upon the community by the man
ner of it* diatrihutlon.
But there could l?e no difficulty in avoiding
the charge or dancer of prodigality from
linvlng large kum* in the Treatury, If we
j looked ateadily to the great object of paying
i the Public Dent. When that *hould be ac
complished, there would then be tn large a
Mini which would remain unemployed, that
it would be difficult for the mott scheming
genius for extravagant expenditure tn devite
a plan for >ta appropriation. This very fir*
cumstnnce would mott proliably force many
moat willingly avoid
of those who *ouid moat
the adoption of that policy to vote lor reliev
ing the People of taxes to an amount equal
to the sum which wa* now annually applied
to the discharge of the Public Debt. But
what would l?c the consequence if at present,
we rcnenl tlio?e duties which are moat equal
in their Operation upon nil cle*ae*, the most
ensily nnd chcaply collected, *uch a* that
now sought to be repealed, nnd which, be
cause they were equal, no Interest had n spe
cial de?lr?* to retnln. So far n* lie rould look
nhcad, the consequence would be, thnt, when
the Public Debt should have been paid, the
the permanent revenue of the Government
would lie derived from the mcit unjnst nnd
unequal taxes, mid the minority of the Peo
ple would have fixed upon them forever tho
ipo^t oppressive and unequal system of pub
lir Inn dens lliut ever disgraced and degraded
a fVee Government.
Sir, the gentleman from M.\inc had
thought proper, in icfcrring to the consc
quctircs which would proliably nrnreed from
the accumulation of money In tne Treasury,
to speak of (an many other gentlemen from
the name quaiter oftl/e country have of |n*o
been heard to (peak) the constitutional scru
ples of the Southern Members. Sir, said
Mr. G. 1 for one nm proud, that, light at
temples are, tlie solemn obligation* that I
came under by the first act of my member
ship, and the inoral obligations that bind inc
to be faithful to my country, hud even tho
weight of scruplcs upon my conscience! It
was a high distinction, lie aaid, for the South
thnt, even in legislation, she preserved her
principles of rectitude. lie regretted, ho
said, that the sneers and taunts which the
3outh hail received for adherance to the au
thority of the Constitution should have come
from that quarter o| the country, which,
! from its former opinions nnd habits, one
j would hate been led to expect the more
scrupulous regard to nriiiciplcx. He had
always thought that political as well as reli
?{iou&frccdoin owt d more to the puritans than
any other sect or class of people.
I'.ut said the gcn|)emnn from .' laine, ought
wc not, as prescient statesmen, to look ahead
of us, and preuarc against any great revul
sion in trade by reducing taxes gradually*
Was there not, said he, a choice in the ob
ject* of taxation? lie answered ye*. And
the gentleman** own statement gave the.
same nnswer to his question, lie had said
thnt the shipping Interest was taxed at this
time to the amount of four or five millions of
dollars in the increased price which it had
to y'. -c for iron, hcmt>, and duck, on uccount
of the duties imposril by the Government.?
Did these four or five inilliorts of money
go into the Treasury for the benflt of
all the Peopie of the Union, or wa* it
paid to other Inn rc?t* for their special
advantage .'Certainly to the latter, lie pud
this question to the gentleman from Maine,
whether it would nit be more in the spirit of
hit own opinions to lessen th< duties upon
those article* which were to oppressive and
unequal In their operation, a* those upon Iron
and hemp were acknowledged to lie, than to
tak<; off a duty -ilwayn imposed by the Gov
ernment, easily and cheaply collected, nnd
< qua) upon all the great interests of the com*
inunity, as the duty upon tonnage wa*.
The gentleman from Maine had, however
Riven u* a lint of art it U a, which a Commit"
tee of the Senate had reported some yearn
a?o, aa tin se from which the preaefil im~
porta could be mo*t r.r?>f?erly withdrawn,
when the public debt should lie paid off, ahd
cmtraftU those articles with our ahippinf:.
Upon examining that list, it wna apparent
tlmt the Senate'* Committee waa not of the
opinion that the duty upon tonnage ought,
under nny circumstance*, to be leaaened.?
The gentleman from Maine waa very indig
nant tlwt it ahoutd br propoaed to take off
the duty from aitk. He had given ua an ani
mated invective against luxury in dreaa, and
brought befoie the Hnttae, the man of wealth
41-rayed splendidly in that gorgeous nttiro
by the indulgence of the government, that
It might be able to be properly indignant at
the pto|,f><tal of the senate'a committee. How
it hud occurred to him, that when the gen
tleman waa spurning at the proposition to
take off the dotv upon ?itk became it was a.
luxury, he had forgotten hi* xealou* rapport
of the bill now before the house to lessen the
dm lea upon tea*. He though himaeff, aaid
Mr. ti. that the rustling of ailk, ahd the
dipping te?, wen* very appropriately to
gether. He was of ?pinkni that there wo*
thi? decul jd advantage in lator *4 the en*
rnnragement of the use of ailk over that of
tea, that we were able to exchange the
product tana of our own country lor ?ilk,
whilst the ten trade constantly drained the
country of ita specie. The gentleman from
Maine, in hi* philippic against ailk, termed
| to have forgotten that all the people of the
United State* did not tire hi hit own frown