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ITN- X x X / x llie Preaa and Standard WaKcrten. 8. C. irrr. akd ■tawdard. r. w. &MOA&- Entered at the W*®?**. •* tar boro. B. C-, m cU “ mMa •alter. ' Sabacriptioa Rates: One Tenr. S1JM» .th . .40 Remittaise^ ah €h M >. .»d drawn ta faror W T*»a aD<1 Standard. \ • ' Look at the printed label en roar neper. The date thereon ebowa when the anbeeriptlon «™ lr 7' re ward yonr money In ample time for renewal. Notice date on label care fully. and If not correct please notify “VnhlSer* deslrlna of their paper chanred. will pleaae state In their communication both the old and the nev t "re#—* v : THE F.I.F.mn^ IS OVER It will come aa If a "H*ht lifted from many a man In thla conn ty and State that the first primary election la over. Hualness baa been practically paralyzed for the pa«' few weeks, and much eneryy ha< been spent In aronfzin* over the election. Thla Is over, or at lea^t much of It is over. There will be two more weeks of anxiety o n the part of wany as to the results of the second primary election. But th^ will necessarUj' be less than was *h' 6aae In the first primary. . X Of course there^were more candi dates to be defeated th*o elected Ip the first primary ♦■leoti<X». The wav the me B who were not successful in this race, take their defeat will be speak whether or not the voter? ba r -\ made a mistake in retiring them <o private life. If a man is a food loser. It 4? a pretty safe bet that h- ^ would have made a good officer. But If any man who is drfatrd sulk? in his tejit and refuses to accept th« verdict of the people in good grace, then he needs the chastisement whic i his defeat gives him. In life, it will be found, there are more defeats than victories, and while there Is poor consolation in this fact, there Is a hit of philosophy. Now as to the Choice of officers from those who ate iti the secon l race, that -is a matter for careful consideration In most ra«e? in the county race the men have t*een tried, and the voter wilt .make no mistake to Judge his fitness by the manner In which he has served the people be fore. If he ha« made the kind of of ficer the voter wishes to fill the of fice In the county, then he should be voted for again. This will app'y from (governor down to magistrate, or from magistrate down to er ror, as one may look at it and fropi the Interest shown th;rt is the prop er perspective for the average »otr-. Majrtbe best men win! UK. >1 \KUIN KETl UNS Uses and Abuses of Fertilizers ■y Frpf. It Jl K Op L—b, Dirpctpr.Pf Qpprflp S. ROTHAMOTKO ^XPCftlMENT tTATION AND FEHTILIXEHB, Thp Thirf «f a fiariaa pf tlx Artlclpp The RotbaawUd Expartmeat Station Ip In ftigland. and la noted for Brent work It hap dona alone all llnea of acrtcultoral work. It htr gone Into the lava of poll fanility, baa been the flrat to diacover many of thaaa lawp, and has ta all Ita history been eapeclally Interested In working cut a piss of farm management by which aoii fertility could be maintained at mimimmm coat to the farmer*. —^ % • The Rothamated aparlmaata began ta the year 18|7, when Sir John Bennett Lawpa hagaa exparlmenU on hip pmvate eatate. He waa a man who lovad the aoQ and to axperlmaot with It Strange to any, he waa a fertilizer maaufacsUrar to a certain, aeaae, aa bo early discovered a proceaa for trftaafarming bone lx to auperphoaphate by the uaa of aulpharlc add. took oat a patent for thla la 1142, and built aa extenalve buslneaa which ho managed for about thirty yean, la 1148 he aaaociated with him J. H. Gilbert, and theee two men for more than fifty year* conducted extensive agricultural Investigations in regard to polls dbd fertilizers, and feeds and feeding of domestic animals. la 1888 Sir John turned over his large estate, which had now grown eo Important, and had become so well known in all, parts of the civilised world, to a board of directors, and endowed it with half a anllUoa dollars. Twenty Years Experiments on Same Plots. Amovg many other things that were done, experiments were conducted with fertHJpera. mineral salt*, and many forms of ammoolates, also with animal manures, to determine just what soils needed to grow the most cfopa. For this work plots of ground were set aside, marked off and carefully measured, and then planted to the crop with which the investigator wished to work. 6mall plots would be used for tlje different kinds of mineral and animal manures, and in each series one plot would be left unfertilized throughout the entire experiments, while the others would have applied the different combinations of fertilizers, etc. Careful reports were taken from •ach end of theee plots, aad with Interesting results The same experiments ware continued for twenty years and more. Many experiments were conducted with hay, and some of these with the following results: The plats that had no manure of any kind averaged In twenty years, 2,382 pounds of hay ; the plots which bad mineral manure alone, 3.SM poenda; the plots with mineral manure and 400 pounds of am monia salts, 8.711 pounds of hay; those with mineral manure and 800 pounds of ammonia salts, C.726 pounds of hay; the plots which received the mineral manure and nitrate of aoda 6,407 pounds of hay. Considering the very low coat of the fertilizers in comparison to the Increased yields brought about by tbair use, qp 4 e could npt fail-tp see the.value of. the»manure salUt Larger Yields Were Always Obtained. The Hotbamred station mas Interested in the permanent Improvement of land and the part played In this by the use of fertilizing materials. From the many experiments carried out. there was never a doubt of the wisdom of applying plant food to the soli. Larger yields were always obtained, other things being equal, and the fertilization of the soils throughout England and her possessions recommended. It was decided to ascertain the efTe« ta of fertilizers on corn. Seven plots were treated as follow a: Blot 1. Inmanured. Plot 2. Mixed mineral manure. 3'h- pounds sulphate of potash. pounds sulphate soda, 10i> pounds sulphate magnesia, 350 pounds superph sphate Ume Plot 3. Ammonia salts, comprising 200 pounds sulphate ammonia and 200 pounds muriate of ammonia Plot 4. Ammonia salts and mixed mineral manures, as Plot 2. Plot 5. Five hundred and forty pounds Peruvian guano. Plot 6. Two thoiftand pounds rape rake. Plot 7. Fourteen tons farmyard manure. The results of six years of experiments follow; Th e greatest increase In yields was obtained with fertilizers richest in ammonia. The ammonia salts, the guano and rape cake gave the largest increase, which was about tour or fire bushels increase of dressed corn In Plot 2, where only the mineral manures Vere used, the increase was least, w hile lit Plots 3 and l it wax greater, and In 4 greatert. It seems that the mineral manures needed the effect of the ammonia salts in order to help them become czailable. There was|n every case a substantial increase where fertilizers were used over th* plots Miat remained unmanorod. The <rea* object In giving the above information Is to bring to the atten tion of farmers and business men that the question of fertilizers for the aver* ago farm it a subject as old as any farm of agricultural education, and Kcthamstsd di<1 much fundamental work on it In no case was it found that z-.inonia -aIv? and other mineral inanotes. when applied together, were not valuable. Farmyard manure was somewhat valuable by Itself, but far dors so when ammonia salts were applied with it. Dr. Timothy Hardin, who has been enjoying a vacation with hi.< parents at Winnsboro, has returned to Waiter boro Mr. and M is. Percy M. Padgett and children, and Mr. and Mrs. Lu cas Black, and children, of Florida, who have been spending 'several weeks in this section visiting rela tives. expect to ret in n to their homes this week ♦ ***♦* * * ******** * Hogwallow News * ******** * * ****** Jefferson Pollocks, who ha» been having dumb chills all along, ha I one out loud the other night. - The III'pity Constable has come to the conclusion to make the nice for re-election again. He will make the race on his past record and Ms horse. One ty Hj^-pardest windstorms of the setv-nh passed over this secMou Tuesday night. Tobe Moseiey'a patch of broom corn was blown sway an l mv»;pf everything as it wen* Isaac Helhvanger was seen a* (hurch with his hair combed last Sunday He should be encouraged In this a» jt saves the pe«pi,. behind him the trouble-of having to stand 'Up to see the preacher. A strange man was in our mid‘t S esterdnv He w«s as deaf as a no«» but the Postmaster 'did not find It out until he had talked with him for an hour, as he di dnot have on hh •pecs. J. W. Manuel. F.«o.. a prominent young attorney of th« Hampton bar, was among those who had business th Walter boro Monday. Uses and Abuses of Fertilizers By Prof. R. J. H. Dc Loach, Director of Georgia Experiment Station. 2. INTELLIGENT USE OF FERTILIZERS IN GERMANY. The Second of a Series of Six Articles. » Ail state institutions have fostered the fertilizer trade since ita origin In the early fifties. State organizations of all kinds have taken a lively part iu th® building up of the trade, and in later years the states have taken it for granted that the trade is profitable to farmers and merchants alike, and have therefore framed law? to regulate its manufacture and sale. la every state where fertilizer is sold in appreciable quantities laws have been passed exacting certain requirements of the manufacturer, as to analyses, grades, etc. Besides the trade, over-ambitious, might forget its obligation to the consumer ai*l offer for sale inferior material under the name of fer tilizers We may say without fear of successful contradiction that the states .themselves are largely responsible for tho rise and volume of the fertilizer trade. . It has long been recognized that Germany leads the world in many line* of science. This is perhaps true In regard to the use of feltilizers in early years. Germany discovered that mineral salts applied to growing crop- Increased the yields immensely, and gave time and study to the under lying tau.-*.% and has suggested to the other parts of tho world many valu able lesson- on her findings. Von Liebig, through hia studies and lec tures on nnniern agriculture, has made known much of the work of Germany In the^early history of the use of commercial fertilizers. Liebig says that Kuhlman, a German agricultural scientist, applied aalammoniac to a meadow In the years 1845 anti 1846. and found tfiat on a hectare (2V» acres) he gath ered 8,14b ;.<>unda of hay more than on the same kind of meadow where he did not a»e the aalammoniac. He secured this result by using about 200 pounds of salalomonlac to the acre. < ^x In commenting upon this Von Liebig has the following to say: “It la quite certain, that in the action of the guano, which produced the crop next highest after the Chili saltpeter, an unmistakable part was played by the ammonia'contained In it. On the other hand, however, the experiments with carbonate and nitthte of ammonia show that a c quantity of ammonia, cr nitrogen, equivalent to that in 20 pound* of guano and employed under the same conditions, was almost without effect.” Fertilizer Experiments In Germany. A little further along he says: "Th* most recent observations on the comportment of the soil towards the food of plants show how slight is the knowledge we possess of their nitsje of nourishment, and of the part which the soli, by its physical condition,\piays in It. The comportment of the •alts of ammonia, of chloride of sodium, and cf nitrate of soda, towards the earthly phosphates in the soil, may perhaps assist us in throwing •ome light on their action, or one of their actions, on the growth of ptam*.” This statement wg> made because it was always found that when common salt was added to certain m.neral manures, greater yield was obtained, and Von Lu-btg came to the conclusion that this was due to the telatioa of this added material to the liberation of potash in the soils. / Only a short time after the war bet w. on the states the German pot ash beds wer* discovered and by rapid leaps and bounds this material''gained in favor with planters as well as experimenters. The necessity for fin* ing a combination to liberate the potash in the soils was now removed and thorough satisfaction was found In the u.-e of the nitrate of soda and the potash salts, and here the industry stood for a long time. Liebig does claim, however, that Triba-ic phosphate of limb crept 1 ' iBto the formula and was found efficient Thrs fact is very significant and happened to be dis covered by a constant study of the use of the nitrate of soda and potash • alts Liebig thought that the.-e two plant food materials bad the power of dissolving phosphoric acid in the form of earthly phosphates, and thes* In turn added greatly to the yield of farm crops. Germany’s Crop Yields Grestsr Thsn Other Nations. We have here many hints of what afterwards really developed to be facts—namely that the three great element* of plant food that should be applied to th* soil for good crop yields are phosphoric acid, ammonia and potash For many year* these three element* have been the esaemial elements of plant food in a fertilizer formula. Today Germany applies more mineral salt* per acre to her crop* than any other nation ta the world, and partly a* a consequence gets higher yield* of farm orope than any other nation it 1* significant that these two fact* are so closely related, but tt must be remembered that Germany has learned the lesson of good Ullage—deep plowing, the proper use of vegetable matter la the eoil, and the dangerous practice of continuous arop*, ng with gay single crop It is also to be remembered that the lands *hich the most wtomer emu be cleared without an« mat vui *iv# greatest preBU with {erUUaera. . The Early Arrival of Ladies’ and Misses’ SHIRTWAISTS AND BLOUSES In Silk and WashMaterials ‘ .r ' U X. \ ' • . tor Early Fall Wear PRICES! X \ 50c, 75c, $1.00, $1.50, $2.00, $2.50 • • x? ' v •' j - \ N. . - 1 X. * Please Remember That mil Transactions are Spot Cash—We have no Charge Accounts. The H.W. Cohen Store \ A. S, KARESH, Mgr* . onanesi a* ihe’P&iuuna- Pacific vnsgruifa/fy WEBSTER'S REW INTERNATIONAL FOB Superiority of Educational Merit This neir creation answers with final authority all kindsoi puzzling questions such as ‘‘How ia/Verm vd pronounced . J *' “Where Is Flan- dent " “What i 4 a Continuaus voy- ageV* “What i? a tioiriUcrf ,> * ‘What is uhiU coalf” “How is »kat pro- jmimced?” and thousands of others, for *pect- ■md p*er». ti- hwtratioo*. etc. (roe. a act of Pocket Map* if you same tiua Ask Your Grocer Fo r CHEEK-NEACS COFFEES Best By Every Test hKAKKoRe r.i>r\i» nm* run:-. From Waltcrbom. Week-End Excursion Fures; 82.15 to 1 ;le of Palms. 82.15 to Sullivan’s Island. Ticket? on gale fen all trains on each Saturday and for forenoon trains on each Sunday from May 27 to Sopt. 11. Inclusive, limited re turning to reach original starting point trie* to r-idc'ght rf Tuesday next following date cf sale. S*hauler; and further particulars cheerfully furnished upon applica tion to D. F MARTIN. \ Ticket Ag*nt. Walterboro. R f*. ATi-Anrm; guast link CLASSIFIED ADS. FOR SALE FOIt BALK—Brick Lime and Ce- mei^J; horse food, cow food apd hog food. The Brick Store, x^ FOR SALE—Booklet containing names, business, age a^id address of every voter of ('ellHon county. 1916 enrolhnont. Price $3.00.-— The Press and Standard. tf ^ WANTED WANTED—The public to know that I have an improved portable thresher for peas, oats or any kind, of grain. Will thresh for either toll o* for cash. Perry G. Kearsc t Lodge. S. C. &4-4tp! BUSINESS LOCALS COTTON—PEAIM-K & HATTKY, lh« Savannah Cotton Factors, are sub stantial, reliable and energetic. Their extensive warehousing fa cilities and superior salesmanship are at your command. They are abundantly able to finance any „ quantity of cotton shipped them. Isn’t it to your Interest to try Do it now and be con. viutWd. 8-9-6mo. ?ATKA\ IMMr—■ One black and tan hound puppy with white breast and front feet. Came to niy house Monday, Aug. 21. Owner can have same by paying expenses. J. T. Warren. Walterboro. R. 1. it. FOl’Vl)—a ladies parasol was-left in the buggy of B. J. Hiott Sat urday at Walterboro. Owner can have same by Identifying it and paying for this ad. at The Press and Standard office. TAKEN' IP—One epw. White with butt head, marked crop and straight split in each ear. She has been going in «iv field for more than a wer*; Owner can ha\e same by identifying this cow and pax ing for this .idx'ertisoment «* HKRMO.N BENTON. Near Pcniel. j, E WILL HI V (X)TTOV SEED /H. E. Savage will begin next week to buy cotton seed for the Sou- ’.hern t’otton Oil Companx*. Mr Ravage represented this company here last year and purchased quite a large quantity of seed, paying the top of the market for them. — - a . Little Jackie Scott, who has been visiting relatives in Springfield. Wil- liamston and Augusta, has returned to his home in Greenwood. Mr. and Mrs. C p. Dorn, of An- g’;«ta. G*.. are spending sometime with the latter’s mother and father Mr and MrE W. A Scott, of Green wood. Annoucement! We are pleased to annouiice ' / -< * to the ladies of Walterboro and Colleton county that wo i v. secured the services of Mi." Ad- die-Barnwell, of Atlanta, . a? * milliner for the coming ?ea- m. She is here‘now and would bo pleased to meet all the la. o-. She is a lady of pleasing person ality and thoroughly compel* nt to satisfy every need in the iuil* linery line. Our hats and mil-' inery ndVelties argali in. and any one in need of a hat can get at y . J 0 ' x"’ it now. We are quite sure that Miss Barnwell will measure up to the highest standard of piil- linery excellence and we want t» state right here that our mil linery department is disX tiy separate from the Dry a -oJ' department down stairs at "Ji’ ) ‘ > store, and we have decide*! un der no conditions will wo charge any goods sold in the millinery department. We have charged goods in this department for the J,- ^ ' <jr past two seasons and have !* and it very unsatisfactory. We will charge goods in the dry good* department as heretofore. TAYUlR’S A Popular Store