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HE SERVED PEOPLE F Tuesday, June 3, was the birthday J of Jefferson Davis, and a legal holi- j day in the States of Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi., South Carolina, Tennessee and Texas.: The day is Confederate memorial day in Louisiana. The following unadorned sketch of j the life of the only president of the ! Confederate States will give some idea of the greatness of the man: "Jefferson Davis was born in j Christian, now Todd county, Ken- j ? A < O A o TT^ tUCKV, June 3, isuo. ntJ uieu m .\cw , Orleans, La., December 6, 1889. His father was of Welsh descent; his mother was of Scotch-Irish blood. Both were of the sound middle class home-making Americans. His father was a Revolutionary soldier, who, after farming for a while in Georgia, removed to Kentucky, then to Louisiana and finally to Woodville in southwest Mississippi, where Jefferson Davis spent his boyhood days. He attended the country schools of his home county, spent two years at Saint Thomas college, a Catholic institution in Kentucky, and three years at Transylvania university, Lexington, Ky., then one of the best institutions in the United States. In 1824 he entered West Point and in 1828 wasj graduated, ranking rather low in his! class. Up to this time Davis had shown himself to be a normal boy of refined nature, full of fun at times, but usually serious and reserved, of strong opinions and a fair student. From 1828 to 1835 he served in the United States army on the Western frontiers. He proved to be an efficient officer, but had no opportunity to distinguish himself. In 1833 he was among the few young officers chosen for promotion to the newly organized regiment of dragoons. He resigned his commission with the army to "marry the daughter of Colonel Zachary Taylor and settled upon a plantation, 'Briarfield,' in Mississippi, given him by his older brother, Joseph Davis. A few months after his marriage his wife died. This was a severe blow to Davis, who for the . next seven years lived a secluded life upon his plantation. During this , time he read widely and deeply in political and social science, Joseph Davis, his brother, an able and well / . educated lawyer and an extreme Jeffersonian as to government, being his constant companion. The views of Jefferson* Davis formed during this period were lasting, and since at tnis time he missed the contact with other men, his politics were to a certain extent of the closest, and he never quite < understood human nature and public opinion. "Prom this studious retirement Da; vis emerged in 1843 as Democratic - candidate for the legislature. He was not elected, but he reduced the Whig majority considerably. The next year as a Polk elector he campaigned so effectively that in 1845 his party sent him to dongress. From the beginning ' he was an active member; he assisted in framing the tariff act of 1846, advocated in opposition to the administration a continuance of the joint occupancy of Oregon, and supported the administration in its Mexican policy. "When the Mexican war began Davis resigned his seat in congress and nnlnnal r?f tho Virct Misaisfiip. I vviuu^a v*. buv *- ??w pi Rifles. His command reached Mexico in time to render distinguished service throughout the campaign in northern Mexico. Colonel Davis was conspicuous for bravery at Monterey and Buena Vista.' He was one of the commissioners to arrange for capitulation of the former place. For his service he was offered the rank of brigadier general, but declined the honor. , "Soon after his return Davis was appointed to the. United States senate to fill a vacancy. This appointment was ratified by the Mississippi legislature, which three years after reelected him for the full term, 18511857. In the senate Davis was a .working member. He was made chairman of the committee on military affairs, an important committee after the Mexican war. He opposed the compromise of 1850, favoring the extension of the Missouri compromise line to the Pacific. Perhaps the most important thing that he did was to formulate the Southern position in regard to governmental interference ?as to slavery. By 1851 Davis was regarded as one of the ablest men in the senate. , "In 1851 Senator Davis resigned to become a candidate for governor of Mississippi, General Quitman the first nominee of the party having been compromised by an indictment for filibustering. After a short campaign of two months Davis lost, but reduced the Whig majority from 7,500 to 1,000. He then retired to Briarfield until 1853 when President Pierce made him secretary of war. As head of the war department Da HIS AITHFULLY vis was most successful. He reorganized, enlarged and improved every department in the army; built the aqueduct to bring water into the District of Columbia, superintended the extension of the capitol, and had several surveys made to find a suitable route for a Pacific railway. "At the end of the Pierce administration Davis was re-elected to the senate. From this time on he led the; Southern senators in opposition to anti-slavery aggression. He constantly put forward the views of the South on slavery, State rights, State sovereignty and secession, and in 1860 secured the adoption by the senate of a set of resolutions embodying these views. He seems not to have realized the real significance of the Northern opposition to slavery. Davis was opposed to secession except as a last resort, and after Lincoln's election advised the leaders of his State against it, but his advice was disregarded. After secession was accomplished he hoped for reunion until Sumter was fired upon. On January 21, 1861, he took his leave of the senate, returned to Mississippi, and was made major general of State troops. Meantime the delegates of LiitJ octcuiug otatcs JLLiv7L at luuui^umery, organized a provisional government and elected Davis provisional president. There was no other strong candidate for the office. The principal opposition to Davis was that he was too moderate. On February 22, 1862, Davis was inaugurated president under the permanent constitution. "The public life of Davis from 1861-65 is inseparably connected with the history of the Confederacy. Reluctant to think of war, and hoping for reunion, he yet urged proper preparation for independent existence, but found the Southern people possessed with the idea of peaceable secession. He organized the government with a cabinet of fair ability. Everything had to be created, there was no civil service, no army, no navy, no funds, few factories, and a people opposed to heavy taxation. Yet under such conditions Davis had a working government from the first. All that could be made of the situation was made, but it is now easy to point out certain mistakes made by the chief executive of the Confederacy. His disagreements with Johnston and Beauregard, his faithfulness to Bragg and Northrop, his lack of tact in his relations to those who disagreed with him, were the causes of weakness. Difficulties were inherent in the nature of the Confederacy. The people were believers in State sovereignty; yet to carry on a government, a strong central government, was needed. "Efforts to make the Confederate government more efficient met with strong opposition from the States and from leading individuals. Reverses to the Confederate armies resulted in the development of a peace party. The removal of the capital to Richmond under the border State influence caused the Southwest to be neglected and hence resentful. Davis had certain characteristics which injured his influence. He was frequently mistaken in his judgment of people, both in his friends and in those who opposed his policies. He was accused of partialities in his appointments, and of leniency toward offenders and incompetents. But it is certain that the South had no other leader who could have succeeded better. "After the collapse of the Confederacy, Davis tried to make his way to the trans-Mississippi department for the purpose of continuing resistance, but was captured in Georgia May 10, 1865, and carried to prison in Fortress Monroe,, charged with treason. Here for two years he was kept in close confinement, badly treated for a time and never brought to trial. In 1867 he was admitted to bail, and a year later the indictment was dismissed. "During the last months of the war Davis had been distinctly unpop uiar; ill treatment and imprisonment again made him the popular representative of his people. He spent three years in Canada and Europe recovering his health, and in 1871 went to Memphis as president of a life insurance company. This failed, a* also another business enterprise in which he engaged. Davis then, in 1879, settled down at Beauvoir, Miss., to write his 'Rise and Fall of the Confederate States,' an elaborate exposition of the principles upon which the Confederacy was based. Later he wrote a 'Short History of the Confederacy,' 1S90, a condensation of the larger work. "The last years of Davis' life were pleasanter than those immediately following the war. The Southern people gave him their affectionate re DISCOVER GERMAN SECRET. Process of Making Artificial Motherof-Pearl Lcarne<l. London. May 20.?The secret of another German key industry has been discovered, the manufacture of artificial mother-of-pearl. Dr. J. W. H. Dew, a fellow of the Royal So " 4 ? ni-nnncf oftor ciety or -atis, iuuuu mc y much patient experimenting. Dr. Dew was engaged during the whole period of the war in reconstructing, step by step, the method of manufacture. Artificial mother-of-pearl is used for making fancy buttons, dress trimmings and many other articles. Before the war most of it came from Germany. Mexico's Floating Gardens. The so-called floating gardens of Mexico do not live up to their name, for they have never been known to float, but they do supply the capital of Mexico with a large part of its flowers and vegetables. To get to these stationary floating gardens you hire a canal boat, and are shoved and poled along the Viga Canal as part of a boat parade, which cannot be escaped because it is perpetual. The gardens are far up the canal. They are square patches of island covered to overflowing, some TT-: + V, flnnrore nf AVArV hllA 3 T1 d Others wit.h homely vegetables. They are literally the garden spots of Mexico. Though the gardens do not float, they have their unusual points. They did not just happen like most islands, but are home-made by the gardeners or their predecessors. Masses of water hyacinths and other water plants were thrown into the water and on top of that a layer of earth. The hyacinth roots floated down to the canal bed and moored the garden and the gardeners immediately went to work. The products of these patches can be seen traveling back up the canal to the market of Mexico City. Some boats going to town are loaded with human freight, but the majority in the returning parade are piled high with sweet peas, lilacs, poppies and other gorgeous blossoms, or with radishes, turnips and the odoriferous onion.?San Francisco Chronicle. gard, and he received an ovation wherever he went. But the Northern dislike for Davis continued and frequently found expression, as when Blaine attacked him in congress onthe charge of mistreating prisoners. For a man of Davis's history and ability his position after the war was a difficult one. but he lived a dignified life to a dignified close. 'He was a statesman with clean hands and a pure heart, who served his people faithfully from budding manhood to hoary age, without thought of self, with unbending integrity, and to the best of his great ability.' " Plies Cured in 6 to 14 Days Druggists refund money if PAZO OINTMENT fails to cure Itching. Blind, Bleeding or Protruding Piles. Instantly relieves Itching Piles, and yon can get restful sleep after the first application. Price 60c. DR. THOMAS BLACK DENTAL SURGEON. Graduate Dental Department University of Maryland. Member S. C. State Dental Association. Office opposite postoffice. Office hours, 8:30 z.. m. to 5:30 p. m. BAMBERG, S. C. 666 quickly relieves Constipation, Biliousness, Loss of Appetite and Headaches, due to Torpid Liver.? Adv. y Reasons! 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