The Bamberg herald. (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, June 12, 1919, Page 2, Image 2
HE SERVED
PEOPLE F
Tuesday, June 3, was the birthday J
of Jefferson Davis, and a legal holi- j
day in the States of Alabama, Arkansas,
Florida, Georgia, Mississippi.,
South Carolina, Tennessee and Texas.:
The day is Confederate memorial
day in Louisiana.
The following unadorned sketch of j
the life of the only president of the !
Confederate States will give some
idea of the greatness of the man:
"Jefferson Davis was born in j
Christian, now Todd county, Ken- j
? A < O A o TT^
tUCKV, June 3, isuo. ntJ uieu m .\cw ,
Orleans, La., December 6, 1889. His
father was of Welsh descent; his
mother was of Scotch-Irish blood.
Both were of the sound middle class
home-making Americans. His father
was a Revolutionary soldier, who,
after farming for a while in Georgia,
removed to Kentucky, then to Louisiana
and finally to Woodville in southwest
Mississippi, where Jefferson Davis
spent his boyhood days. He attended
the country schools of his
home county, spent two years at Saint
Thomas college, a Catholic institution
in Kentucky, and three years at Transylvania
university, Lexington, Ky.,
then one of the best institutions in
the United States. In 1824 he entered
West Point and in 1828 wasj
graduated, ranking rather low in his!
class. Up to this time Davis had
shown himself to be a normal boy of
refined nature, full of fun at times,
but usually serious and reserved, of
strong opinions and a fair student.
From 1828 to 1835 he served in the
United States army on the Western
frontiers. He proved to be an efficient
officer, but had no opportunity
to distinguish himself. In 1833 he
was among the few young officers
chosen for promotion to the newly
organized regiment of dragoons. He
resigned his commission with the army
to "marry the daughter of Colonel
Zachary Taylor and settled upon a
plantation, 'Briarfield,' in Mississippi,
given him by his older brother, Joseph
Davis. A few months after his
marriage his wife died. This was a
severe blow to Davis, who for the
. next seven years lived a secluded life
upon his plantation. During this
, time he read widely and deeply in
political and social science, Joseph
Davis, his brother, an able and well
/ . educated lawyer and an extreme Jeffersonian
as to government, being his
constant companion. The views of
Jefferson* Davis formed during this
period were lasting, and since at tnis
time he missed the contact with other
men, his politics were to a certain extent
of the closest, and he never quite
< understood human nature and public
opinion.
"Prom this studious retirement Da;
vis emerged in 1843 as Democratic
- candidate for the legislature. He was
not elected, but he reduced the Whig
majority considerably. The next year
as a Polk elector he campaigned so
effectively that in 1845 his party sent
him to dongress. From the beginning
' he was an active member; he assisted
in framing the tariff act of 1846, advocated
in opposition to the administration
a continuance of the joint occupancy
of Oregon, and supported the
administration in its Mexican policy.
"When the Mexican war began Davis
resigned his seat in congress and
nnlnnal r?f tho Virct Misaisfiip. I
vviuu^a v*. buv *- ??w
pi Rifles. His command reached Mexico
in time to render distinguished
service throughout the campaign in
northern Mexico. Colonel Davis was
conspicuous for bravery at Monterey
and Buena Vista.' He was one of the
commissioners to arrange for capitulation
of the former place. For his
service he was offered the rank of
brigadier general, but declined the
honor. ,
"Soon after his return Davis was
appointed to the. United States senate
to fill a vacancy. This appointment
was ratified by the Mississippi legislature,
which three years after reelected
him for the full term, 18511857.
In the senate Davis was a
.working member. He was made chairman
of the committee on military affairs,
an important committee after
the Mexican war. He opposed the
compromise of 1850, favoring the extension
of the Missouri compromise
line to the Pacific. Perhaps the most
important thing that he did was to
formulate the Southern position in
regard to governmental interference
?as to slavery. By 1851 Davis was
regarded as one of the ablest men in
the senate.
, "In 1851 Senator Davis resigned to
become a candidate for governor of
Mississippi, General Quitman the first
nominee of the party having been
compromised by an indictment for
filibustering. After a short campaign
of two months Davis lost, but reduced
the Whig majority from 7,500
to 1,000. He then retired to
Briarfield until 1853 when President
Pierce made him secretary of war.
As head of the war department Da
HIS
AITHFULLY
vis was most successful. He reorganized,
enlarged and improved every
department in the army; built
the aqueduct to bring water into the
District of Columbia, superintended
the extension of the capitol, and had
several surveys made to find a suitable
route for a Pacific railway.
"At the end of the Pierce administration
Davis was re-elected to the
senate. From this time on he led
the; Southern senators in opposition
to anti-slavery aggression. He constantly
put forward the views of the
South on slavery, State rights, State
sovereignty and secession, and in
1860 secured the adoption by the
senate of a set of resolutions embodying
these views. He seems not to
have realized the real significance of
the Northern opposition to slavery.
Davis was opposed to secession except
as a last resort, and after Lincoln's
election advised the leaders of
his State against it, but his advice
was disregarded. After secession was
accomplished he hoped for reunion
until Sumter was fired upon. On January
21, 1861, he took his leave of
the senate, returned to Mississippi,
and was made major general of State
troops. Meantime the delegates of
LiitJ octcuiug otatcs JLLiv7L at luuui^umery,
organized a provisional government
and elected Davis provisional
president. There was no other strong
candidate for the office. The principal
opposition to Davis was that he
was too moderate. On February 22,
1862, Davis was inaugurated president
under the permanent constitution.
"The public life of Davis from
1861-65 is inseparably connected
with the history of the Confederacy.
Reluctant to think of war, and hoping
for reunion, he yet urged proper
preparation for independent existence,
but found the Southern people
possessed with the idea of peaceable
secession. He organized the government
with a cabinet of fair ability.
Everything had to be created, there
was no civil service, no army, no
navy, no funds, few factories, and a
people opposed to heavy taxation.
Yet under such conditions Davis had
a working government from the first.
All that could be made of the situation
was made, but it is now easy to
point out certain mistakes made by
the chief executive of the Confederacy.
His disagreements with Johnston
and Beauregard, his faithfulness to
Bragg and Northrop, his lack of tact
in his relations to those who disagreed
with him, were the causes of
weakness. Difficulties were inherent
in the nature of the Confederacy.
The people were believers in State
sovereignty; yet to carry on a government,
a strong central government,
was needed.
"Efforts to make the Confederate
government more efficient met with
strong opposition from the States and
from leading individuals. Reverses to
the Confederate armies resulted in
the development of a peace party.
The removal of the capital to Richmond
under the border State influence
caused the Southwest to be neglected
and hence resentful. Davis
had certain characteristics which injured
his influence. He was frequently
mistaken in his judgment of people,
both in his friends and in those
who opposed his policies. He was
accused of partialities in his appointments,
and of leniency toward offenders
and incompetents. But it is certain
that the South had no other
leader who could have succeeded better.
"After the collapse of the Confederacy,
Davis tried to make his way to
the trans-Mississippi department for
the purpose of continuing resistance,
but was captured in Georgia May 10,
1865, and carried to prison in Fortress
Monroe,, charged with treason.
Here for two years he was kept in
close confinement, badly treated for
a time and never brought to trial.
In 1867 he was admitted to bail,
and a year later the indictment was
dismissed.
"During the last months of the
war Davis had been distinctly unpop
uiar; ill treatment and imprisonment
again made him the popular representative
of his people. He spent
three years in Canada and Europe
recovering his health, and in 1871
went to Memphis as president of a
life insurance company. This failed,
a* also another business enterprise
in which he engaged. Davis then,
in 1879, settled down at Beauvoir,
Miss., to write his 'Rise and Fall of
the Confederate States,' an elaborate
exposition of the principles upon
which the Confederacy was based.
Later he wrote a 'Short History of
the Confederacy,' 1S90, a condensation
of the larger work.
"The last years of Davis' life were
pleasanter than those immediately
following the war. The Southern people
gave him their affectionate re
DISCOVER GERMAN SECRET.
Process of Making Artificial Motherof-Pearl
Lcarne<l.
London. May 20.?The secret of
another German key industry has
been discovered, the manufacture of
artificial mother-of-pearl. Dr. J. W.
H. Dew, a fellow of the Royal So
" 4 ? ni-nnncf oftor
ciety or -atis, iuuuu mc y
much patient experimenting.
Dr. Dew was engaged during the
whole period of the war in reconstructing,
step by step, the method
of manufacture.
Artificial mother-of-pearl is used
for making fancy buttons, dress trimmings
and many other articles. Before
the war most of it came from
Germany.
Mexico's Floating Gardens.
The so-called floating gardens of
Mexico do not live up to their name,
for they have never been known to
float, but they do supply the capital of
Mexico with a large part of its flowers
and vegetables.
To get to these stationary floating
gardens you hire a canal boat, and
are shoved and poled along the Viga
Canal as part of a boat parade, which
cannot be escaped because it is perpetual.
The gardens are far up the
canal. They are square patches of
island covered to overflowing, some
TT-: + V, flnnrore nf AVArV hllA 3 T1 d Others
wit.h homely vegetables. They are
literally the garden spots of Mexico.
Though the gardens do not float,
they have their unusual points. They
did not just happen like most islands,
but are home-made by the gardeners
or their predecessors. Masses of water
hyacinths and other water plants
were thrown into the water and on
top of that a layer of earth. The hyacinth
roots floated down to the canal
bed and moored the garden and the
gardeners immediately went to work.
The products of these patches can
be seen traveling back up the canal
to the market of Mexico City. Some
boats going to town are loaded with
human freight, but the majority in
the returning parade are piled high
with sweet peas, lilacs, poppies and
other gorgeous blossoms, or with
radishes, turnips and the odoriferous
onion.?San Francisco Chronicle.
gard, and he received an ovation
wherever he went. But the Northern
dislike for Davis continued and frequently
found expression, as when
Blaine attacked him in congress onthe
charge of mistreating prisoners.
For a man of Davis's history and ability
his position after the war was a
difficult one. but he lived a dignified
life to a dignified close. 'He was a
statesman with clean hands and a
pure heart, who served his people
faithfully from budding manhood to
hoary age, without thought of self,
with unbending integrity, and to the
best of his great ability.' "
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