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c GERMAN WA Edited by Dana C. I versity; George C. of Wisconsin, and University c Issued by the Commits I The Germans also found it conven- j ient on many occasions to secure civ- j ilians, both men and women, wno could be forced to march or stand in front of the troops, so that the countrymen .of the civilians would, be compelled first to kill their own people if they resisted the Germans, j This usage is illustrated in the fol- j lowing: LETTER OF LIEUT. EBERLEIN. | "October 7, 1914. I "But we arrested three other civi-! lians, and then I had a brilliant idea. We gave them chairs, and we then j ordered them to go and sit out in the: middle of the street. On their part,! pitiful entreaties; on ours, a few blows from the butt end of the rifle, j Little by little one becomes terribly j callous at this business. At last they j ' ,1 x ~ J J ? *? A I were an seaieu uuisiut? m mc oucci. I do not know what anguished pray- j ers they may have said but I noticed j that their hands were convulsively clasped the whole time. I pitied j these fellows, but the method was | immediately effective. "The flank fire from the houses J quickly diminished, so that we were able to occupy the opposite house and thus to dominate the principal j street. Every living being who show- j ed himself in the street was shot. The j artillery on its side had done good j work all this time, and when, to- j ward 7 o'clock in the evening, the j brigade advanced to the assault to \ relieve us I was in a position to re- | port that Saint Die had been cleared of the enemy. "Later on I learned that the regi- j w?i=,T>+ rtf rocorvo Tchi^h pnfprpd Saint! rn^ut vi i wv* ? v ^ | Die further to the north had tried I the same experiment. The four civi-j lians whom they had compelled in( the same way to sit out in the street j were killed by French bullets. I my- j self saw them lying in the middle i of the street near the hospital." "A. Eberlein, "First Lieutenant." | Letter published on the 7th Oc-, tober, 1914, in the "Vorabendblatt"j [SHI I H I 1 1 I to 4 m ] pi Wi 1 dc BUG H 1 I] or al R_PRACTICES | Vlunro, Princeton UniSellery, University August C Krey, ?f Minnesota j i je on Public Information I ! of the Munchner Xeueste Nachrich-: ten. Minister Whitlock, in his report of i September 12, 1917, to the Secretary of State, gives an instance of this! German practice of seeking protec- j tion. ; Xo Respect to the Cassock. "The Germans attacked Hougaerde on the ISth August; the Belgian | troops were.holding the Gette Bridge] in the village. The Germans forced! the parish priest of Autgaerden to j walk in front of them as a shield, j As they neared the barricade the! Belgian soldiers fired and the priest j was killed. After the retreat of the j Belgians the Germans shot four men, j burned 50 houses, and looted 100."! Hugh Gibson, in A Journal from j our Legation in Belgium, page 155, j gives another incident: "Two old priests have staggered j into the legation more dead j than alive after having been com- j pelled to walk ahead of the Ger-! man troops for miles as a sort ofj protecting screen. One of them j is ill, and it is said that he may j die as a result of what he has gone through." STATEMENT OF CARDINAL MER- j CIER AND HIS FELLOW BISHOPS. "At the time of the invasion Bel- j gian civilians, in twenty places, were i made to take part in operations of j war against their own country. At 1 Termonde, Lebbeke, Dinant, and > elsewhere in many places, peaceable j citizens, women, and children were j forced to march in front of German j regiments or to make a screen before them. Cardinal Mercier's Judgment on the System of Hostages. "The system of hostages was carried out with a fierce cruelty. The proclamation of August 4th, quoted above, declared, without circumlocution: 'Hostages will be freely takan 9 " II II PME liave just receive TL/x, uamucig. 1 ncs arkets, and rani nk of condition ant you to see t > you good just 1 GIES, liave also receiv i the market, an ways complete. " ?i 11 "An official proclamation, posted' at Liege, in the early days of Au-| gust, ran thus: 'Every aggression, committed against the German troops by any person other than soldiers in uniform not only exposes the guilty person to be immediately shot, j but will also entail the severest re-1 prisals against all the inhabitants, | and especially against those natives'; of Liege who have been detained as. hostages in the citadel of Liege by; the commandant of the German; troops.' "The hostages are Monsignor Rut- j ten, Bishop of Liege; M. Kleyer, ; burgomaster of Liege; the senators, i representatives, and the permanent i deputy and sheriff of Liege." The above quotation is taken from j An Appeal to Truth, addressed Nov. j 24, 1915, by Cardinal Mercier and; the other bishops of Belgium to the cardinals, archbishops, and bishops of Germany and Austria-Hungary, j Will Irwin On Brutality of German j Drive Trough Belgium. "Some ten or a dozen American j correspondents, of whom I was one, | witnessed the first German drive! through Belgium. Most of us were! so appalled and horrified by what we saw as to become anti-German for life." Will Irwin in Saturday i Evening Post, Oct. 6, 1917, p. 41. III. Fines. The contacting nations, including: Germany, who signed the Conventions of the Second Peace Conference, at the Hague, 1907, pledged them-1 selves to the following: I Germany's Promises in Hague Con- j tions. "Article L. No general penalty; pecuniary or otherwise, shall be in-! flicted upon the population on ac-j| count of the acts of individuals for j which they cannot be regarded asj jointly and severally responsible." I "Article LII. Requisitions in kind j and services shall not be demanded j from municipalities ox inhabitants j except for the needs of the army of I occupation. They shall be in pro- j portion to the resources of the coun-1 try, and of such a nature as not to | involve tfte mnaoitants in tne oonga-i tion of taking part in military operations against their own country." German Violations of Hague Conventions. The German authorities have violated these articles from the very beginning. As soon as they invaded Belgium, heavy fines were laid upon individual communities as reprisals for some act against the German (Continued on page 7, column 1.) _ ? ---'MX Ay 1 kI a shipment el >e mules were pc je from 1,000 to , and there is n hem, whether y< ^ o 4" fK QVYl l%j iuua. ai niv/iia* WAG 1 1 - ed a smpment c id my stock of h My prices are BAMBER E=3E=aOO Dr. THOMAS BLACK, JR. | DENTAL SURGEON. Graduate Dental Department University of Maryland. Member S. C ^tate Dental Association. 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