The Bamberg herald. (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, January 28, 1915, Page 3, Image 3
& THE BEGINNING OF THE EXI>.
Survey of the War in Etuoj>e at Close
of the Fifth Month.
In any general survey of the history
of the great war in its fifth
month, the moral rather than the
military effect of the operations takes
first place. For if the German attack
in the opening months might
fairly be likened to a forest nre
sweeping irresistibly forward over
vast districts, ever widening its area
of destruction and mounting eve'higher
in its violence.* it is not less
patent that. December come, there
was east and west in Europe an evi*
dent slackening of the tire?growing
competence on the part of those
whose necessity it was to limit, control,
extinguish the blaze.
Looking at the field of operation
in December, it was plain that while
f-, there had been no success yet in
actually extinguishing the conflagration,
it had been limited, circumscribed.
confined to the narrowest
bounds since it broke out. In places
it was actually flung back; at no:
point was it permitted to ravage'
again many of the districts which [
it had swept over in the early davsj
* of August and September.
In September it was Paris which!
had been in danger. In October, in ;
November, the German drive for the;
seacoast, for Calais and Dunkirk,!
threatened to conquer for the kaiser j
that "window on the channel" which:
for all Pan-Germans had been the j
dream of all dreams, the first step
in the series which was to acquire
for Germany her "place in the sun." j
, ' But if in November and in the
*. terrible battle of Ypres, of Fland-!
ers, this German advance had been;
halted in December, it was clear that !
like the march to Paris the sweep
to the channel had been definitely repulsed.
From Switzerland to the
North Sea the great German off en-]
sive had come to a full stop, fallen
dead, lost the necessary numbers!
and force, had sunk to the level of.
a mere siege operation in which the;
Germans were more frequently oni
the defensive, than the offensive, and |
one by one towns and villages in
Flanders, in Artois, in Champagne, i
which had been captured in the initial
drives, were regained by allied i
advances, advances measured by j
rods, not miles, achieved in days, J
not hours.
For this the explanation was to
be found rather in the east than the ]
west, for while her western campaign J
was still at a crisis Germany had j
again, as before the battle of the;
Marne. to hurry eastward troops:
necessary to enforce victory in
Flanders to avoid the imminent disaster
Russian masses had prepared i
in Poland. East and west, Russian, |
French and British armies- increased j
in numbers, in effectiveness, in ma';
terial, particularly in artillery, while ;
Austrian resources and military value!
declined still more rapidly than before,
and at last there seemed to be
the approach of aj?time when German
nutnbers and courage. German
efficiency" and skill would no longer
avail to keep the battle lines on both i
;
,! y fronts outside her own territory.
Looking seaward, too, the decisive j
" defeat of the last German fleet on j
the high seas?always inevitable, j
given the superiority of the allied j
navies?served to emphasize once|
more how fatally the net was'being
drawn about the German empire. It
served to recall for all Americans
the circumstances of the Confederacy,
when?Geddysburg lost, and the
Atlantic blockade made effective?
the superiority in resources and numbers
of the North was established,
and the Civil war settled down to a
process of attrition. Then came destruction
by campaigns in which
neither skill, devotion, nor valor
could avail against numbers, wealth,
. / 'and sea power.
Thus for the outside world December
seemed to mark the begin
. ning of the end, not in the sense that
the approach of peace was measurably
hastened, not that the prospect
of a long and terible war was banished,
but simply in the sense that
under the political conditions exisi-i
ing, while the ranks of her enemies
remained unbrbken, there was no
.
longer any promise of ultimate German
victory. Germany's problem
henceforth seemed to be one of de
fense not attack*, of endurance not
_ conquest. William II was not to
L conquer Europe as Napoleon did at
p Austerlitz. Germany was not to control
the continent as France had a
little more than a century before. It
remained to be seen whether the
German emperor could hold Belgium
as Frederick the Great had held
Silesia, against the combined military
strength of Europe.?Frank H.
t Simonds in Review of Reviews.
Who Said It?
r Who said money was scarce? Tiie
First National bank of Aurora advertises:
"Money to loan to farmers for
feeding cattle."?Chicago Tribune.
Bcnes of the albatross are being
used to a very great extent of late
as mouthpieces of pipes instead of
amber.
| Holder
if Records
I Speed
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I Holder of th
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'The M
112 Bull S
WIRELESS PHONING 100 MILES.
Relayed From Steamer to Herald
Square via Wireless Station.
This is the story of the first wirelees
telephone communication from
the bridee of a steamship, 100 miles
at sea, to a' land station some distance
from the coast, as recounted
by the New York Herald.
It occurred, says the Herald, when
Capt. Gibbs, on board the little
freight vessel Tyler, of the Old Dominion
line, fitted an ordinary telephone
to his lips and called:
"Hello Herald, is that you?"
When he did .that the Tyler had
passed the Roamer shoal, and was
about 100 miles from the Herald
wireless station at the battery, where
the messages were received and relavd
to several points about New
York city.
Dr. D. G. McCaa, inventor of the
system employed, was at the Herald
station to hear the first successful
test of this epoch-making step in the
science of wireless communication.
The flood of wireless questions that
rained in on the Tyler from every
ship and shore station along the
coast was such as to make him believe
that the years he has spent in
perfecting his system have not been
spent in vain.
Made Tests Last Year.
In June he succeeded in talking
from the Tyler to the Herald station,
but at that time the operator on
board the steamship spoke directly
into the instrument and his voice
carried only as far as the battery.
Several days later, by simply placing
the wireless receivers at the Herald
station against the transmitter of an
ordinary telephone, a voice from the
Tyler was heard at the Herald office,
in Herald square, but the sound was
indistinct.
Last night Capt. Gibbs spoke from
the bridge. The relays that Dr. Mc
Caa has been perfecting, earned his
voice into the wireless transmission
apparatus on board the Tyler, whence
the electrical waves bore it to the
Herald wireless station. From there
they were again relayed first to Mr,
W. D. Terrell, the United States
wireless inspector, then to the main
office of the Herald, and later to the
Brooklyn residence of Mr. H. B,
Walker, president of the Old Do
minion line.
The Tyler cleared the hook at half
past seven o'clock. Long before she
began her voyage, everything was
made ready in her wireless room
and from that time on until morning,
tests were made every half hour. II
was about quarter to eleven o'clock
when word was passed from the
wireless station to the main office of
the Herald that Capt. Gibbs was going
to talk. This is what the report
of All W
for Typev
and Accii
E
?o ^
D
e Elliott Cressoi
riority of mech
construction
lachine th<
treet
er at the end of that wire heard:
Hear Inventor's Voice.
' First came a small army of dot
and dashes, in companies of twos c
threes, and the faint rumble'-of a fe:
ry whistle at the battery. Then th
, voice of Dr. McCaa:
i t "Are you ready? He's working.
After a moment the dots and dasl
es' died away in a faint buzzinj
which gradually died out as the v
brations of a human voice begai
j At first they were little less than v
. brations, but as the straining ear b<
. came accustomed to them, the lettei
i nf tVio, nlnhahet rnnld bp heard.
"D, E, F, G, H," and so on, eve
growing stronger, and more distinc
; they came. Then, faintly again, Car
i j tain Gibbs said:
i "I will count." And he did, up t
. 20. The final numbers were hear
i as distinctly as though the commanc
J er of the Tyler were at the Heral
i! wireless station instead of on hi
. j bridge well down the coast. No ar
swer could be made to him becaus
. so far Dr. McCaa has not installed
. transmitting station at the Heral
; wireless station.
The test to Brooklyn was not s
successful. Dr. McCaa was far froi
. being satisfied with the working c
. his relays and the added interfei
ence and resistance of the seven
switchboards through which the Caj
| tain's words had to pass to reac
J Mr. Walker was too much to be ovei
come by the intensity of the electrit
al waves that carried them. Adde
| to this the wireless station at Foi
Worth, actuated by a curiosity tha
was common along the coast, wa
. frantically calling the Tyler to ascei
tain just what was going on.
Mr. Walker Enthusiastic.
! "I could hear his voice." said Mi
. Walker later, "but there were to
> many other noises for me to catc
j what he said." Mr. Walker is er
| thusiastic about the possibilities c
j "bridge to bridge" transmission b
i i wireless telephone as is demonstrai
! ed bv the whole-hearted manner i
M which he has placed the Tyler at Di
> McCaa's disposal.
"In time of danger, fog or any c
! the other perils that beset stean
i ships, the wireless telephone woul
.: be a wonder," he said. "I am gla
(jto hear that the experiments of D;
.! McCaa are making such fine heac
way."
Other gratification than the su<
r! cessful working of the bridge con
sjmunication awaited Dr. McCaa las
i; night. Hardly had Captain Gibli
, I finished talking with the main offic
,' of the Herald before the station s
: j Philadelphia began to call the Tyle
: She is known along the coast as th
"Wireless telephone boat.''
'j "What are you doing tonight?
Philadelphia asked, and then wpr
on to explain that Captain Gibb
i
?rld's Use<
vriter Chai
iracy | fol
i Medal The ir
ani- in n
it You Wi
! voice was heard very distinctly here
The distance between the Philadel
phia station and the Tyler at thi
^ time was about 150 miles, a greate
r_ distance than Dr. McCaa has bee:
able to get results from before. Th
station at Sea Gate also telegraphei
to the Herald station describing th
clearness with which the voice o:
r the Tyler's bridge was to be heard,
r Heard by Steamships.
The Hamilton, of the Old Domin
/ ion line, which left New York earlie
than the Tyler and is faster than th
' little freight vessel, reported back V
the Herald station that her wireles
operator was able to hear Captaii
Gibbs. She was about 100 mile
' south of the Tyler at that time.
Numerous amateur stations couh
be heard calling the Herald. "WHB,'
^ and trying to reach the Tyler askini
j all manner of questions and radiat
^ ing congratulations to the best o
I their ability.
The tests on board the Tyler wen
made throughout the night at inter
vals of half an hour, and every hal
j hour that passed added to the marve
u
lousness of the accomplishment. Dur
ing each such period the little Tyle
put another half a dozen miles be
tween herself and the Herald station
i without apparently diminishing th>
strength with which the voices o
Captain Gibbs of W. G. Wode and Mr
b Pearce, Dr. McCaa's assistants 01
. I board the freighter,
j PULPIT REPARTEE IX 1740-42.
dj
t Ministers Like Josiah Duight Had i
it Remarkably Keen Sense of Humor.
5
Jonathan Edwards, the younger
, was pastor in New Haven for 2;
' years and had a decided influence ii
! forming the New England theology
r. J It is not easy to characterize th<
o theology of these son^ of the Grea
h Awakening (1740-42); they were al
i- j decided Calvinists, modified accord
>f ing to their individual ways of think
y ing, but they were men of power, ant
t- every one contributed to the develop
n ment of the people in their ideas o
r.! personal liberty.
i The impression that the sermom
if were uniformly long and dry is an ex
l- aggeration, and there were men o
j in minio
U ui iguioui,v aiiu iiuiuui in unuio
d try, like Josiah Dwight, of Wood
r. stork, who said: "If unconvertei
I- men ever get to heaven they woul(
i feel as uneasy as a shad up th<
i- crotch of a white oak."
i- i There was some disagreement be
;t tween this man and neighboring min
is isters. and when they met him in th<
e interests of .harmony, he prayed tha
it, they "might so hitch their horses to
r.! gether on earth that they shoult
e never kick in the stables of everlast
i ing salvation." Keen wit and shar]
" ponartpp rbar.irtprized ' the COnversa
it j tion of many.?From "A History o
's | Connecticut." by George L. Clark.
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