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j I AS TO PR( 3: Abstract of ail Address Gi sterberg, of Harvard I |; Contemporary Club J inNoveml *' * * < 21 ?!???<?!? *1**1**1* 4? *A* ?4? We all agree that alcoholic intemperance is one of the greatest sources of human misery, being the direct cause of a large part of crime, of poverty, of illness, of insanity, of early death, and in the next generation of idiocy and depravity. We all ?crT.o^ further that all alcoholic bev "to1 1 erages are dangerous for children and psychopathies; and we agree that to fight against such evils is the duty of every conscientious reformer., Our possible disagreement appears : thus only when we consider- the means by which these evils can be removed in the highest possible degree without introducing other evils equally calamitous. After studying this problem for more than twenty years and after repeating frequently , in the psychological laboratory all the significant experiments, and after curing scores of drunkards by psychotherapeutic means and thus being near to the question all the time, I am fully convinced that under the present condition of American life the only wise way of reform is by working toward temperance and not towards prohibition. It must be a campaign of education towards a moderate use of light alcoholic beverages. Prohibition and Pragmatism. Since I uttered this opinion publicly a few months ago in a popular magazine, a whole literature of socalled replies has gone up. There was no lack of vehemence and an abundance of misstatements, and; even the excitement of the presidential campaign would not be sufficient * to excuse the denunciations and fal- i siflcations which my friends, the prohibitionists, indulged in; but I i looked in vain for a- single argument which could change in the i least my opinion. Of course, I do not deny that the other side has a much simpler remedy. To exclude ] 1 1 * IVi. V..T an aiuuiiui iruui tuis tuuuu j uj yi\ihibition laws seems to get rid of the - / . ?vil with one stroke; it needs much less effort than a true education towards temperance. But the prohibition movement is just like the free silver movement in economics, or like socialism in politics, or like spiritualism in religion or like Christian Science in medicine, or like : pragmatism in philosophy. They all gV V contain a little core of truth, but their truth is old and they become new fashioned movements only by new sensational formulations which i appeal to the unthinking crowd. But just this always secures at first an immediate cheap victory; a superficiality of thinking prevails in the 1 world and can never resist the enthusiasm of fanatics. I have hardly i any doubt that this prohibition movement, too, will at first overwhelm, by its very superficiality, the sober efforts for education and reform in this country, just as the vaudeville J .Ll__ 1 ctuu lilt? uyciCtLO, iiavc uyci riucimcu the serious drama, as the cheap magazine has demolished the book store, as the yellow press has captured the masses, and as in a hundred other forms the appeal to superficial judg- i ment has been successful. Then of < course the reaction comes in time, 1 and the cry for prohibition will just as swiftly disappear as the cry for I ' free silver. Our Habitual Disrespect for Law. Let us not forget that we want to make laws for a nation whose habitual disrespect for the written statutes has proved in the last years to , be the chief source' of its troubles, 1 and let us further not forget that we j want to legislate against a physiological desire which belongs to a majority of men. The absence of! this desire in women or in a large < number of men whose nervous system is differently organized can ' easily mislead. I personally, for instance, brought up in a temperance ] household, have had my life long a i physiological dislike not only for strong drinks, but also for beer. But in planning for the millions I should feel reckless and irresponsible if I 1 Bimply generalized my own chance constitution. I have no word, < whatever, against the so-called restrictions of personal liberty; I do not know a right to personal liberty if it interferes with the common good, but the more I must demand that this common good is determined by the careful observation of the real facts. Prohibition Brings Many Evils. That kind of abstinence legislation which prevails in certain parts of the country and is evidently near in others is surely not for the common good. That it destroys industries and makes hundreds of thousands breadless, and that it deprives millions of a harmless, joyful feeling is still the smallest harm which it produces. But far more important is the disrespect for law which it creates. Prohibition puts a premium on the systematic violation of law and produces a form of corruption which is sun worse tnan tne corruption wnicn irradiates from the saloon. Further, it reenforces drinking in its most miserable and dangerous form. The moderate drinker is cut off, while the immoderate drinker is created. It abolishes light wine and beer; and opens wide the way for the worst whiskey. It eliminates every sound supervision and makes minors and inebriates the favorite customers. A clean surface appearance is bought at the expense of inner moral and mental destruction. Worst of all, the masses who feel the instinctive need of an anaesthetic quick find substitutes. I speak as a psychotherapist whose experiences cover the whole country, if I say that the spreading of cocainism and morphinism, of sexual perversions and ruin I: :[i ili ili l|: :ti rii in iF il: ii: rti Jr 3HIBITI0N ? ven by Prof. Hugo Mun- jjj Fniversity, Before the in i. of Philadelphia, fit ' )er, 1908. 4* t# if I T1 ^t! ^.T t ?.T* ous habits among the abstainers is alarming. But even on the surface anyone can see to what degree oi dullness on the one side and of vulgarity on the other side the masses are led if the means of physiological relief are cut off from a strong handworking population. To fight intemperance by prohibition means to substitute one evil for another; a reform by slow education towards a moderate use of light wine or beer, is the only way to permanent success in this country, as long as Americans remain Americans. The Contentions of Dr. Williams. Of course there are not a few who are convinced that alcohol is ruinous for everyone, even in moderate quantities; and it has become the fashion to support this belief by the results of scientific investigation. My whole life belongs to science, but after most careful study I am convinced that there exists no scientifically safe fact which demonstrates evil effects of a temperate use of alcohol by normal adult men. Every claim on the one side has been disproved by just as important experiments on the other side. Even on physiological ground, everything is uncertain. Dr. Williams, of New York, tells us that alcohol is never a food, and Dr. Dana, of New York, the president of \Taw Vn*ly AnQ/lamv nf MoHl ni n O tuc ncn i via Avauvuxj vi. auvu*V?MV, tells us that alcohol is always a food. Dr. Williams writes that alcohol always lessens the power for work; and Dr. Dana writes that, as proved by recent experiments, alcohol has no effect, one way or the other, on capacity of work if given in moderate daily doses. Dr. Williams writes that alcohol is the greatest evil of society; and Dr. Dana writes that the immediate removal of alcohol from social life would lead to social and racial decadence. But I, a psychologist, am naturally more interested in the mental side. Dr. Williams and so many others dogmatically assure us, for instance, that alcohol cuts off the power of mental production. But is really a psychological labratory necessary to demonstrate the hollowness of such general statements? I know scores of men who never produce better than after a moderate use of alcohol, and it is well known that this is true in exceptional cases even where immoderate use is indulged in. I had to hypnotize only recently a well known New York author whose secret trouble is that he has never written a page of his brilliant books but after intemperate use of whiskey. Dr. Williams assures us that every moderate use of wine and beer reduces the powers of intellectual activity; and again the phychological experiment is said to have proved that I must think there instinctively of the man who has given to the world the methods of psychological experiment, professor Wundt, of Leipzin, the greatest living psychologist. He is seventy-six rears old to-day; has written about forty, volumes, which are acknowledged the world over as the deepest contributions to psyhcological thought; has written this year an epoch making book; and yet has taken for sixty years twice a day, beer and wine with every meal. I attended last summer a number of international congresses and saw there at many banquets the leaders of thought of all nations. I watched the situation carefully, but did not discover any abstainers among the sharp and great thinkers of any nation. Total Abstainers Not Clearer Thinkers. To demonstrate that the abstainers enjoy clearer methods of thinking than such drinking scholars would be indeed an interesting experiment, but from the prohibitionist literature, I cannot gain the impression that clearness of thinking is their particular strength. Typical of their unclearness is the way in which they draw arbitrary consequences from the real experiments. It is, for instance, quite right to claim that alcohol makes our mental associations slower, but they interpret it as if that means a destructive crippling of our mental life. They do not even ask themselves whether or not this retardation of association of ideas may not perhaps be a most helpful and useful relaxation of certain brain centres. With the same logic they might demonstrate to us that sleep is a most runious invention of nature, as it paralyses our brain centres still more; and they have not the slightest understanding for the fundamental fact that such an inhibition in certain parts of the brain belongs to every single act of aiienuon. iney ao not rase tne trouble to ask whether or not our associations are also changed through the digestion of a dry meal. With such carekss misinterpretations of isolated experiments, I could demonstrate to you most easily that every hour of physical exercise is ruinous for the higher mental life; or that the fatigue from the hearing of one hourls lecture makes mental cripples out of all of us. The fear of those who want to cut off a bottle of light beer with the evening meal from the home table of a hardworking laborer on account of the psychological experiments is comparable only with the fear of those who wish that every man might live isolated in the middle of the ocean because in every other place the laboratory can demonstrate numberless microbes and bacteria. A Temperance Campaign Approved . The only reasonable argumenl against moderate drinking of normal adults is a fear that they ma> transcend the wise limits. Yes I contest the only word which made an impression on me in the pamplets written against my essay was one contained in a Chicago pamphlet, which said that we must consider Americans are reckless and carry everything to excess. But can that really be the attitude of a civilized nation? To legislate as if the citizens are irresponsible children, incapable of moderation, would mean a degradation of the whole country. With the same right we might pro hibit every sport because it becomes ruinous for the organism if carried to an excess. Surely the Americans are reckless and excessive; otherwise 1 we should not have ten times more I railroad accidents than Europe, and gambling and an absurd chase for j i money all over the land. But the i only sound consequence would be that every reformer has the duty to . educate towards moderation in every i field. Prohibition 'removes every [ temptation. Thus it has no educative influence whatever. To learn to be moderate involves the development of will power, which is beneficial in every walk of life. Only cowards , who have no trust in their own will , prefer to be removed from every temptation. I remember well a man who was president of an abstinence society for many years and then used once for medical purposes a glass of brandy, and as he had not been trained in any moderation, the one glass stirred up a craving for more until he was lying in the gutter; and when he was brought to me to be hypnotized he confessed that he had no will to abstain from overindulgence. The campaign for temperance as against prohibition is a campaign for education which goes far beyond the special purpose, and works against excessiveness and recklessness in every field. If all the serious enemies of intemperance were to unite on such lines of conservation progress, a real restoration in health and order might soon be secured; the radicalism of prohibition only delays reform until it may" be too late. RELIGION AND PROHIBITION. Our Govan Correspondent Discusses These Questions at Some Length. Whether we accept the plan of creation as revealed in the Book of Moses or the theory of evolution, we do know that man is now (and most assuredly has always been) entitled to "something" higher than this comfortless life affords. If he be immortal he is doubtless a counterpart of the creator, and hence the inspiring thought that he is formed?physically?at the impart of God's word from the pre-existing matter unto the likeness or "image" of himself. Exalting realization! We dare speculate when would the father so choose to send his son back to earth again, as he (the Christ) promised that he is coming again; but we do know from historic record that his mighty presence has been through many ages man's guidance 'till the son came. We were told as the first intimation of the coming of the Messiah in Gen.: "The scepter shall not depart from Judeah, nor a lawgiver from between his feet, until Shiloh come, and unto him shall the gathering of the people be." Jesus Christ, the exemplary character and son of God, did come, we are told by the evangelists in corroborating statements, and by the spirit power manifested to him he arose unto his father. In consequence he has left it with us; with the faith that by his exemplary life we will be transformed like himself. In disignating his di sciples or followers he said: "By their fruits ye shall know them." I believe his ministry is given to all mankind and I would particularize the different species of man as subdivided into the five great races? for what reason would the creator have endowed races with articulate speech? Surely he must have intended for these races to occupy a higher sphere than the inspired lives of Longfellow would dictate one not to be: "Be not like dumb driven cattle." It is only through the Bible the only book of revelation, that man has a promise of being immortal or more than inanimate life, but yet according to Chas. Carroll, in his book entitled: "The Negro a Beast; or in the Image of God," he gives some teaching that I cannot attempt to refute; but I'll hold fast to my first statement that Christ's minstry is applied to all races of mankind, hut tn nnoent. this is a great conelom eration. It is here that we meet with inconsistencies. To quote from Carroll?a writer, Dr. Young: "The whole world is made up of mind or soul and matter. The term matter is a name which we apply to a certain combination of properties or to certain substances which are solid, extended and divisible, and which are known to us only by these properties. The term mind, in the same manner is a name which we apply to a certain combination of functions or to a certain power which we feel within us, and is known to us only by these functions. Matter we know only by our senses. Mind or soul only by our consciousness.v "The profoundest philosophers write concerning the negro's mind as they ; do concerning that of the white man. The negro has all the intellectual fapilitlpB rnnRoiousness. uerceDtion. memory, association, imagination, comparison and pure reason. He has ; all the sensibilities, animal feelings, ' rational feelings, aesthetic emotions 1 and moral emotions. He has a free will and is governed by motives. He j dreams, walks in his sleep, and may ; become insane. [Ibid.] His immortality is found in those principles ; of his nature by which he feels upon his soul the awe of a God, and looks forward to the future with anxiety [ or with bope by which he knows to ! distinguish truth from error and evil from good, and has forced upon him 1 the conviction that he is a moral and 1 responsible being. This is the power 1 of conscience, that monitor within 5 which raises its voice in the breast of every man?a witness for his Cre ator. There is thus in the con; sciousness of every dark son of Ham, I a deep impression of continued existr ence." Carroll says: "In the above state ment we observe that Dr. Young la teaches that 'the whole world is w made up' of 'a certain combination n< of properties' which is termed mat- sc ter and is 'a certain combination of ec functions' which is termed 'mind and ki soul.' Dr. Young thus employs the si terms mind and soul to describe the bj mental organism and thus blends and v< confuses these two creations which pe God made separate and distinct. He cr thus eliminates the soul creation, the of possession of which distinguishes bj man from the animal, makes him de akin to God, and endows him with ly immortality, etc." n< 1 propose to end on the liquor 01 question by showing our responsibil- ce ity to an inferior or subordinate race tt ?the negro race. w We will admit to a subject who Xi persuades to good deeds that there pi are many good things in certain doc- tii trines or persuasions; but we say ra that we can't accept these teachings w as they may deprive us of some of ui the pleasures of life. They forget i that life should be one of resignation SI and sacrifice. bj The great point in carrying con- fic viction to men, and thereby bringing th about a general reformation is to get people to thinking, first, and from a fe consideration they become interested, "f and should you get a man interested, te he will doubtless resolve upon the eq issue, and see the good motive in a sa doctrine. Hence we would have con- bj demnation upon the evil by public sp sentiment and when we get this the 01 "rum shop" will go, and then mor- lil ality will reign supreme. We are ti< taught by precept and example to Y< "handle not nor touch not the un- Yj clean thing." ar Now, let us consider a proposition, co The white race being the dominant tr race in power and influence makes a re ili ili ili t!?Ij il! il> il- ili i|i gi jg g? i PIC I 0 ? < 0 ? I 0 ? < 0 I ? 5 We have < |? ranging ii p that we ai ? entire line ? t y? ? l ! I Less T1 M it* ? ft | ) i ) ??????? f* There are p able for a j? room, hall ? and they ? !? the walls ? is not a hi i?i Ml fwe win ue and show | The Her 1 BAM ? 1 itt?tnfi? ? ?f? ??? ?f? *f??4* 'ft'ft'f* *f?. 4? "1? "a" "A* !" "A" "A" %? "A? ?i? %? "i? % Quarterly Statemei For Three ACCOUNT Salary Account Miscellaneous Account Supplies Account Merchandise Account State Dispensary Commission S. Grabfelder & Co Consumers B. B. Establishment Wm. Lanahan & Son Strauss, Pritz & Co Garrett & Co The I. Trager Co [ Furniture and Fixtures [ Thos. F. Nulty & Co Mallard Distilling Co Rosskam, Gerstley & Company Falls City Distilling Company Dispensers' Expense Account Estimated Ware House Profits E. A. Saunders Sons & Co Cash Book Account Net Profits Bamberg county Bamberg county set Bamberg city Denmark city Olar city Ehrhardt city.... :... State of South Carolina, ) County of Bamberg. i" Personally appeared before me E. C. County Dispensary Board, who being ea statement is true and correct. Sworn to and subscribed before me tl w by which he sells to the negr hiskey and he drinks it to drunken jss to satiate his appetite. His rea ?n in consequence becomes dethron 1, and his insatiate lust is thereb indled to a superhuman propen ty in which condition he is mad - il. 4.1* ~ < lilt: power ui tuc ouuiu vaiunu )ters, a lawless instrument wh irpetrates the most deplorabl 'imes by assaulting the daughter ' the white voters, to be met wit! r exasperation following severe con imnation and the application of th nch law. I don't mean to say that drunke: >groes are responsible for so man itrages, but I believe a great per ntage is due to this. But we hav leir testimony and besides sobe] hite human reason as a guidance ow, shall we continue this immora actice any longer? Shall we con uue to measure out to this raceice goaveling in ignorance?am hich race is striving to make recog tion for themselves in this land o llightenment and civilization lould we not help his better clas r a crusade against the liquor tral ; in establishing better morals fo eir race? I refer to the negro race as an in rior race. The abolitionists o 'anatics" up North have tried t ach the South that the race i [ual to the white race. It is no ,fe to accept the prediction mad' r Abraham Lincoln in his famou eech at Gettysburg cemetery tha irs was "a new nation conceived ii )erty and dedicated to the proposi jn that all men are created equal.' 3t this speech is cherished by th< mkees as containing great wisdon id truth. Save that the nation wa nceived in liberty it is void o nth. I would not play the part of i creant would I to confess Lincoli ili ?! ii? ili tl; iU iMHli ft ft i 1 U t m hand about 5c n price from 25c re going to offer : is closed out at lan Fir pictures in this II parts of the h I, parlor, or ditlii ire nice enough tc of anyone's hom id one in the lot, : glad if you will its defects to us. aid Boo BERG, SOUTH CAROL! it of Bamberg C Months Ending July TRIAL BALANCE LOSS J $ 826.451 $ 826.4 458.66 ' 458.6 384.42 384.4 j 105.23 19,166.95 l $16,640.64 .02 1,657.34 1,416.31 2,626.64 105.23 405.15 253.50 ...: 408.75 572.38 704.74 4.29 2,013.75 62.00 1,128.15 .' 1,128.1 4,744.24 .09 8,391.87 ' 4,770.1 $31,038.40 $31,038.40 $ 7,567.8 DISTRIBUTION OF PROFITS tools HAYS, H. C. COPELAND and J. ch duly and severally sworn, depost lis 5th day of July, 1909. / $ -..v. 1 4 . o an apostate. i- The cause of American liberty is i- not characterized in or by "racial i- equality" as he said: "Now we are f i y engaged in a great civil war testing l- whether that nation or any nation so e conceived and so dedicated can long- ^ a er endure." It is a' le charactero ized by liberty and this will hardly e endure for ages, for liberty means s one thing or condition and race profa motion another, and amalgamation l- with an inferior race will cause it to e lose its individuality. It has been i the record of ages with nations, n j Herein is the single flaw in the writ- t y j ten constitution. -I But it is so decreed by an inexe! perienced people that we must treat r, them as equals. I wonder if the resl- * ! dents of Springfield, Illinois, conld ,1 not give us an expression In this mati ter? a Can we picture the few panic- n d stricken, homeless negroes seeking ' refuge under the shadow of the 1 ? A - .i. I eiuauu^aiui o UJU uumr, >u oyi lug- ^ ? field? Save Its influence, what pro8 tection had they? Could the spirit v !- of the old "chief" come back to life r and rescue them? Could he have, his presence would have been as a - leaf tossed against a great hurricane, r When amalgamation comes Ameri0 can "liberty" will go and an inferior b race will supplant and its people will t bow to its scepter. e W. A. HAY, JR. : 1 A Night Rider's Raid. a The worst night riders are calo- / } - mel, croton oil or aloes pills. They " raid your bed to rob you of rest Not e so with Dr. King's New Life Pills. a They never distress or inconven- v b ience, but always cleanse the sys- . * f tern, curing colds, headache, con- -7 i stipation, malaria, 25c. at Peoples i Drug Co., Bamberg, S. C. Ii !*I? ill ili ili fli fli fl? ifi jfl ? ^Esl _____ * J f| ======= f* -im pictures, ? to $3.50, till until the j . a mm #*#*** ^ ^ st Cost 11 j i I Wt - j\M lot suit= J [ 3fjj ouse==bed \ lg room : j > decorate i j'fflj TU c. i uci c z if there is i \ 'M$. 1 come in 11 1 a M ^=== 1 'IP k Store |i I nj A i} - 30 ggggggeggggggg I ounty Dispensaries ii lst? 1909 IND GAIN ASSETS AND LIABILITIES ?I???? ??????????? s 6 .. $ 7,567.87 $ 9,988.95 %3$ $ .02 1,657.34 1,416.31 y: 2,626.64 299.92 253.50 408.75 M&M 572.38 704.74 V /v\ ~ Jr ~- AV 4.29 : 2,013.75 t 62.00 0 4,744.24 .09 zmm 8,391.87 rm 9 4,770.19 _ 7 $ 7,567.87 $18,957.49 $18,957.49. /VMt 1,908.07 'M$yk 954.05 814.73 && 459.32 I 317.52 316.50 ' . $4,770.19 "N: Z. BROOKER members of the Bamberg- t :j ?s and says that the foregoing quarterly ^'SfiSp E. L. PRICE. [L. S.1 Notaxy Public for S. C.