University of South Carolina Libraries
WWW?-. , !*'PUP^P ! %.*;' ' ' "T| nm- '- ' PP?fS?-W^-i'v^? - ^^jar .... ; ':' : . ' ' : ': ? > # A iamforg Sfcratii l' % ??? Established 189! BAMBERG, S. C., THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 20, 1906 One Dollar a Year I IN THE PALMETTO STATE. INTERESTING OCCURRENCES OF VARIOUS KINDS IN SOUTH CAROLINA -State News Boiled Down for Quick Reading Pungent Paragraphs About Men and Happenings. From a careful canvas of the members of the next legislature, it seems that both the senate and house will be against the ^dispensary. What will be done, however, remains to be seen. G. L. Toole, of Aiken, who was defeated for congress in the recent primary, is being spoken of as a candidate for the * -Senate in Aiken county, to succeed W. E. Johnson, deceased. Mr. Toole favors local option. The many friends of Rev. and Mrs. Jno. G. Beckwith will regret to learn of the -death of their little daughter, Ainsley, which occurred at their home in Florence last week as a result of ptomaine poisoning. Mrs. Brailsford, the mother of Mrs. Beckwith, and their little daughter, Nellie, were both ill from the same cause but recovered. Senator W. E. Johnson, of Aiken, died at his home near that city last Friday, -after an illness of three weeks. He was 42 years old, and leaves a wife and six chUdren. He was formerly pastor of the Bamberg Baptist church. He had been Senator from Aiken county for the past i six years. An election will be held to fill the unexpired term. Treasurer 6. W. Johes, of Williamsburg county, whom the people of his county -did not recommend in the recent primaries for re-appointment, has done an unusp' <ual thing in tendering his resignation, ef, iective October 1. Instead of waiting, he \ explains that the annual settlement will be held dnring this month and that the -office will then be in better condition to turn over to his successor than it would k be in January. Oliver Singleton, a young white man, died at Williamston last Friday from DIOCKl pOlBOUlOg. 1U piajiug Ritu ou ' other young man he struck his hand against the point of a knife with which J. ';his friend had been picking a decayed tooth. The wound was a very slight one ' bat blood poison resulted and caused his -death. A day or two before he died a A minister called and offered to pray, but |J his father refused to allow the Bible read or afprayer offered in his house. Sheriff M. M. Limehouse, of Dorchester - -county, is to be tried at the regular fall ~ ' term of court for malfeasance in office in allowing a few men to take from his cus, v: tody a negro and shoot him to death. It is also charged that Limehouse is guilty 1 i' Ablcowardice in failing to attempt to ar *68t & wrnie aespernuo aaucu .nancy. The charge of malfeasance in office is the ' result of Governor Hey ward's investigation of the recent lynching at St. George, and Solicitor Hildebrand will prosecute i; the case vigorously. Gas Cartee, a young white man of Spars tanburg, has been bound over to court in the sum of $500, charged with assault of a high and aggravated nature on the person of Mrs. J. W. Johnson. Cartee claims he was only struggling with the woman - for possession of a bouquet, but she says he caught her ankle while sitting out on the porch after dark, and she told him to stop or she would call her husband. Cartee did hot stop, and a scuffle took place in which a chair was overturned, awakening Johnson who was asleep in the house. He rushed out with his knife in his hand and cut Cartee several times before he got away. Don't wait until you need a tonic?take 1 SHAW'S*MALT and guard against nervous collaose. For sale at the Dispcnsary. Told of Murder in Sleep. Because he talked in his sleep and told ; about a murder which he committed, - Charles Rocker was sentenced today to life imprisonment. There was no evidence against the man until the story he told in his sleep was investigated, when sufficient evidence was found to convict % , him. August Schroeder was murdered two 1 years ago. Charles Rocker, a farm hand, ! married Schroeder's idow some months later. Mrs. Rocker informed the county attorney that her husband, while talking 1 in his sleep, had told of poisoning her first husband, even telling where he had ' purchased the poison he had administered. 1 The story was investigated and the 1 purchase of the poison traced to Rocker. 1 Schroeder's body was exhumed and traces ; of the poison were found. " 1 THE BREATH OF LIFE. It's a significant fact that the strongest animal of its size, the gorilla, also has the largest lungs. Powerful lungs means powerful creatures. How to keep the < breathing organs right should be man's ! chiefest study. Like thousands of others, \ Mrs. Ora A. Stephens, of Port Williams, ' O., has learned to do this. She writes: < "Three bottles of Dr. King's New Dis- 1 covery stopped my cough of two years ' ri/i rareH m#? nf what mv friends thought ^ consumption. O, it's grand for throat f and lung troubles." Guaranteed by J. B. j Black and Hoover s drug store. Price 1 50c and $1.00. Trial bottle free. j ] MIDSHIPMAN D. G. COPELAND. Bright Prospects for a South Carolina Boy Just Graduated Prom Annapolis. South Carolinians were especially interested in the graduation exercises at the United States Naval Academy on the j 10th instant for the reason that this State was represented in the person of Midshipman David Graham Copeland, of Bamberg. This young man was selected among 80 others of the brightest repreeantaHuoe Af tVia n?sant coninr plus hr OVUVUMIVB V/i VUV p I V/kJVU V WVU?V* vaw ? j the secretary of the navy for graduation nine months ahead of their scheduled time on account of their exceptional proficiency for the naval service. Young Copeland is only 21 years of age, having graduated from the Citadel as I first honor man in 1903?he then being only 18?the youngest graduate of that institution who has ever attained so high an honor. While at the naval academy he had the relative standing of ten in a class of 300 and was numbered among the most popular as well as amcng the highest men of that great institution. This unusually fine standing will be a source of pride to his hundreds of friends iu this State. After his graduation he will be with his parents, Mr. and Mrs. J. D. Copeland, of Bamberg, and will be the recipient of many congratulatory functions during his furlough of two weeks. At the end of this time he will join one of the ships of the North Atlantic squadron.?Columbia State, Friday, September 14th. Relislons Matters in Denmark. We have just closed a meeting of nine days continuance at the church here. I preached every sermon, and conducted two funerals during the time. Our congregations were large, and a fine spiritual glow rested on the services; this is a good place to hold a meeting, all the people sing. We used the Hymnal, and then we have so many men who will lead in prayer unto edification and give testimony. Twelve of the Sunday school joined the church, with more to follow; while this is a most spiritual church, yet we are confronted with a most serious problem. The church and parsonage is situated in old Graham, while the new town of Denmark is one mile away. There is no business in the old town; and the new town contains two thirds of the population, and strange to say, this town is thirteen years old, and no Methodist church in it, with a population of 500 people and 26 Methodist families. ' We have a fine lot also of excellent Methodists in the old town. What to do under these conditions is hard to tell. It nov^looks like we will have two churches. A large committee of good conservative men were appointed at the third Quarterly Conference to adjust the matter, and much prayer is going up to God, for His guidance and I am looking for a solution of this matter. The Advocate is very popular here.?Rev. J. B. Tray wick in Southern Christian Advocate It arouses energy, developes and stimulates nervous life, arouses the courage of youth. It makes you young again. That's what Hollister's Rocky Mountain tea will do. 35c, tea or tablets. H. F. Hoover. Card from Mr. Patterson. Barnwell, S. C., September 15,1906. Editor The Bamberg Herald: I desire through the medium of your paper to express to the people of your county my sincere thanks and appreciation for the excellent vote which they gave me in the first primary election and which resulted in ray re-election to congress. I can but feebly express my appreciation for the manifestation of their confidence in me and my chief aim and desire shall be to merit a continuation of this confidence. None but a heart utterly void of gratitude could fail to appreciate the honor thus conferred upon me and I renew my pledge of two years ago to give to the people of the second congressional district the best efforts of my life. Very sincerely yours, J. O. Patterson. Have Arrived From Brazil. Mrs. J. W. Wolling and sons, Meredith and Spencer, arrived at Winnsboro Saturday night, from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, the steamer Tintoretto having brought them to New York in seventeen days, as they left Brazil on August 18th. Dr. Wolling will return to the United States later. Mrs. Wolling will remain at Winnsboro with her sister, Mrs. J. F. McMaster, for the present, while Meredith will go to the Bamberg Fitting school. Miss Marcia Wolling, who has been in this country for a year, is visiting in Columbia.? Union Progress. STARVING TO DEATH Because her stomach was so weakened by useless drugging that she could not eat, Mrs. Mary H. Walters, of St. Clair St., Columbus, O., was literally starving to death. She writes. uMy stomach was so weak from useless drugs that I 20uld not eat, and my nerves so wrecked that I could not sleep; and not before I was given up to die was I induced to try Electric Bitters, with the wonderful result that improvement began at once and i complete cure followed." Best health tonic on earth. 50c. Guaranteed by J. B. Black and Hoover's drug store. * V V .. ^ ,./i . COUNTRY NEWS LETTERS. SOME INTERESTING HAPPENINGS IN VARIOUS SECTIONS. News Items Gathered All Around the Coanty and Elsewhere. Ehrhardt Etchings. Ehrhabdt, September 17.?Our town was well represented in Bamberg today. Nearlv all the men folks went out: some as jurors, others as witnesses, etc. Quite a change in the weather since last w?ek. . . Cotton came in pretty freely Saturday. Nearly one hundred bales changed hands at this place. George Westerlund went to Ciemson College last week. Miss Etta Copeland went to Mt. Pleasant, N. C., as teacher in the preparatory department of Mount Amaena Female College, taking Misses Edrie Ehrhardt and Sadie Bikle with her as pupils in the college. Messrs. C. Ehrhardt & Sons have received a choice lot of boys' and men's suits at prices to suit the times. / C. Ehrhardt & Sons are in line with the crop of cotton. They are ginning at 75 cents per bale this year. The pea crop in this section will be fine if pease are in proportion to vines. Capt. J. M. Dannelly is preparing to have beef later on. He has two or three droves of cows penned up to fatten now. Our merchants are wide awake for cotton. Prices ranged from 9 1-8 to 9.15 all last weety J? 1 A ?l - vie are ury auu uusi>/. cl auunu would make it more pleasant. An automobile went through town last week; attracted considerable attention. Mr. J. D. Dannelly went to Savannah, Ga., last week on business. Jee. Colston Callings. Colston, September 18.?We are having some rainy weather these days. $ Mrs. Ogreta Beard and daughter, Miss Beulah, visited Bamberg yesterday. The infant child of Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Varn passed away from earth to Heaven last Friday night about 12 o'clock. It was about four months old. May God be with them in theii affliction. Mr. Jasper B. Varn is spending several days in Augusta. Mr; Henry Q. Jennings, of Bamberg, was here on Sunday last. Miss Gussie Jennings has returned from an extended visit to relatives at Charleston. \ Rev. S. P. Chisolm filled his regular appointment at Spring Branch or Sunday last. Several of our citizens are attending court this week as jurors. Mr. C. W. Clayton leaves today for Orangeburg, where he goes to attend the Orangeburg Collegiate Institute. Mrs. S. W. Clayton is very ill at this writing, but we hope will soon be up again. Mr. Robert Padgett, of Ehrhardt, visited here on Sunday last. Ad Editor Not Appreciated. "It will be remembered that in the yeai 1902 the fair management found them selves short of attractions, and at the request of the gentlemen, the editor of the Monitor made a balloon ascension and parachute drop in order to advertise the fair. The stunt proved to be a drawing card and the largest attendance id man; years was the result. The following year, 1903, we were asked to repeat the act, and did so with the result that the management was greeted with larger attendance, Balloon ascensions and parachute drops were becoming too tame for the fastidious gentlemen and the next year, 1904, we were asked to enter a cage of lions two days in succession. Something had to be done to advertise the fair and we consent* ed, and in the presence of the crowd we entered the cage of the lions, on the roof garden on two different days. The attendance was larger on both these days. Most people would have appreciated a favor of this kind and would have reciprocated et the first opportunity. Not so with the members of the system. Forgetting that we had on four different occasions jeopardized our life in order to help ! advertise the fair they have sent every dollars worth of printing out of town, ignoring the home paper entirely.?Schenectady (N. Y.) Monitor. Practical Man. The country priest was in his garden attending to his creepers when he noticed that a boy standing in the road was watching his every movement with great interest. "Well, my boy," he said, "you'd no doubt like to learn gardening?you seem so interested in what I am doing?" " 'Tain't that," replied the boy. "I am waiting to hear what a priest says when he hits his finger with the hammer." WELL WORTH TRYING. W. H. Brown, the popular pension attorney, of Pittsfield, Vt., says: "Next to a pension, the best thing to get is Dr. King's New Life Pills." He writes: "They keep my family in splendid health. Quick cure for headache, constipation and biliousness. 25c. Guaranteed at J. B. Black's and Hoover's drug store. THE CARLISLE FITTING SCHOOL Some Interesting Facts About Teachers and i Students in This institution. The Carlisle Fitting School threw her doors open on last Wednesday morning and about seventy eager, bright faces filed into her chapel where the opening exercises were held. Each of the teachers and Rev. Peter Stokes, pastor of the Method, ist church here, made a brief talk, containing some good advice for the students. xii auuiuuii lu uic otuuciiLO cum teachers there were friends from the town present, and also some parents who came up to see what kind of home their son or daughter is to have for the next nine months and under what circumstances and conditions they are to spend their school life this year. They all seemed very favorably impressed. While the number of students is not quite as large as it was las tyear, they are coming in almost daily, and the authorities feel sure that it will reach or pass last year's mark. Prof. W. S. Hogan, Jr., the new Headmaster, seems certainly to be the man for the place. He is alive and energetic, has a keen insight into human nature, and knows how to manage boys and girls. He has already found a place in the hearts of the students. Prof. Hogan graduated from the South Carolina University in 1900, and since graduation has given himself up exclusively to teaching. He has been principal of Boykin Academy, Gibson, N. C., of the Ridgeway school, and superintendent of the Clifton schools, in which schools there were 650 pupils enrolled. Prof. Hogan will teach Latin and Greek. Prof. W. D. Roberts, who taught English and History last year with , much success, will continue that work this year. He graduated at Wofford college in 1905, where he enjoyed the confidence of faculty and , student body. By his characteristic , cheerfulness and gentility he has won many friends here. No student will ever suffer in his department. Prof. J. C. Guilds, who will have charge of the department of mathematics and science, is a recent graduate of Wofford college, having re: ceived his diploma from that well \ known institution last June. While , he has never had any direct experience as a teacher, he seems to under. stand his work and knows what is to be done. He will doubtless give his students some good, thorough training in those?important studies. [ Miss Lena Walser will again be the instructor in music and elocution. By the splendid work which , she did in her department last year, ' she has secured a good proportion of the girls and some boys for work in her department this year. Miss Walser nas had about five years' ex. perience a* a teacher. She gradui ated at the Asheville College for Women and since that time has 1 studied at the New York Conserva[ tory of Music. There are two other persons on the campus who live in very close touch with the students: Mrs. Beach, ma tron of the boys' hall, and Mrs. Shuler, matron of the girls' hall, . both excellent ladies and splendid housekeepers. This will be the first year for Mrs. Shuler and the fifth for ' Mrs. Beach. During that time she ' has taken the mother's place for 1 many a boy and has cured many a i case of homesickness by her many and special kindnesses. Among the students there is one of special interest, the little son of ' Dr. J. W. Wolling, a missionary to Brazil. Little Meredith was on his journey over nineteen days?nearly ' three weeks. There are also two 1 students from New York State. We i are glad to see that the Fitting i School is drawing students from all , parts of the Western Hemisphere. Worth the Money. James Barnes, the correspondent and ? short story writer, was crossing City Hall Park a few days ago, when he was approached by a torn and tattered derelict, who prefaced , a story of hard luck with the touching announcement that he had eaten nothing for three days. "Well, if that's so," said the author, "come with me. I'm just going to lunch, and we might as well eat together." In company with his new found companion, Barnes made his way to a Chambers street restaurant, where he ordered a substantial and satisfying meal. Then the waiter brought a check for one dollar and fifty cents, and Barnes thrust his hand into his trousers pocket to dig up only seven cents. He had never been in that particular restaurant before, and the memory of the old adage that "a man is known by the company he keeps" was not reassuring. So the author turned to his grimy companion. "See here," hie said, "I've come away from home without any money. Now, if -you happen to have a dollar and a half in any of your pockets, just pay this bill. Then we'll ride up to my room, and I'll pay you back." The tramp cast one slow, lingering, admiring glance at Barnes. "Say," he said, "you're the best ever. You're the slickest I ever met." Saying which he dug a grimy hand into his pocket, pulled out several dollars in small change, and paid the check. "It's worth the money," I was his parting comment. . .v ' V, .1, , J- . . "... _ . SEPTEMBER TERM COURT. A NUMBER OF CRIMINAL CASES TRIED AND THE CHAIN GANG RECRUITED. ^ Jeff J. Hughes Guilty and Sentenced to Six Years in the Penitentiary?John Hodson, the Little Boy Acquitted of Murder. The September term of the court of general sessions convened here last Monday morning, Judge Geo. W. Gage presiding. Solicitor James E. Davis, of Barnwell, and Stenographer Jas. F. Byrnes, of Aiken, were in their places. After a short inwr tViot VIA/IW UllOlgC (/V l/I51 Oliu juijr, uiab uuujr retired with the various bills of indictment and passed on the following cases: Ed. Kirkland?grand larcenytrue bill. This is the case of stealing a bale of cotton belonging to Mr. H. C. Folk from the depot platform some months ago. John Anderson and Isaiah Bartley ?murder?true bill. These are two negroes who shot and killed a young white man named Willie Cutter at Midway last spring. Anderson escaped, but Bartley was captured and is out on bail. Moss Ayer?housebreaking and larceny?true bill. Jeff J. Hughes?assault and battery with intent to kill?true bill. Wm. Curry?assault and battery with intent to kill and carrying concealed weapons?true bill. Lewis Chisolm and Frank Grant? carbreaking and larceny?true bill, Richard Butterfield and Sam Butterfield?assault and battery with intent to kill?true bill. Brayton Summers, Wm. Henry Hix, Elliott Glover?larceny of live stock?true bill. Jerry Reed?forgery?true bill. Van Hartzog, Hanse Hicks, Rice Hicks. Rvan' Kelley. Frank Kelley, Willie Davis?injury to railroad' train?true bill. The grand jury finished up their work Tuesday morning and made the following^final presentment: GRAND JURY PRESENTMENT. To His Honor, G. W. Gage, Presid, ing Judge: We, the undersigned grand jury, have finished all bills turned over to us by the Solicitor and have examined court house property and beg to make the following report; We find some much needed repairs should be made as to court house, viz: Shades to some of the windows, leaks in the roof, and several minor repairs, and recommend same being made. We have examined the Clerk's office and found same in good condition; books neatly kept. Sheriff's office inspected and found same fairly well kept. Jail inspected and found neatly kept. We find some needed repairs should be made to Probate Judge's office, especially the combination lock should be put in good working order. Supervisor's office found in good condition; mules belonging to gang being in good shape. ' Treasurer's office inspected and found books neatly kept. We recommend the purchasing of a fire proof ?? ? nifVA 4-A fol/A /torn nf Sine UJl BUlIIUCUl Ol^<e \aj uuvv; v<ub ui the books and records belonging to this office. The Auditor's office was found in good condition; books neatly kept. The committee appointed by our body to examine books of the several offices ask for further time, as we believe it best to get an expert to examine the books along with our committee, and as yet we have been unable to secure the services of a competent party. We are advised by the party who we are trying to get, that it will be several weeks before it can be done by him. It has been reported to us that a negro was killed some time back in the neighborhood of Ehrhardt, and we do not find that any steps have been taken regarding the matter, and we would ask that some steps be taken to bring the matter before the proper authorities. We thank your honor for the courtesies extended us and also thank the Solicitor for services rendered us. J. D. Copeland, Foreman. The following were drawn as grand jurors to hold over for next year: D. 0. Hunter. G. C. Turner. J. A. Byrd, H. B. Grimes, J. L. Herndon, J. C. McMillan. The following cases have been tried up to the time of going to press: Jeff. J. Hughes?assault and battery with intent to kill?guilty? 1 i-L - Oi.i. sentenced to six years m me orate i penitentiary at hard labor. This is a case of wife beating, Mr. Hughes having beaten his wife severely some weeks ago while intoxicated. Moss Ayer?housebreaking and larceny?plead guilty?sentenced to two years on county chain gang. Lewis Chisolm and Frank Grant? carbreaking and larceny-plead guilty ?sentenced to three years each on county chain gang. John Hodson, the little white boy who shot and killed his playmate with a parlor rifle some months ago; was acquitted of the charge of murder. Jerry Reed?forgery?plead guilty | ?sentenced to eighteen months on county chain gang. Ambrose Taylor and John Felder ?shooting into railroad train?guilty as to Ambrose Taylor, not guilty as to John Felder. Taylor sentenced to eighteen months on county chain gang. Van Hartzog, Hanse Hicks, Rice Hicks, Ryan Kelly, Frank Kelly and Willie Davis?injury to railroad train?not guilty. This is the case of some negroes rocking an excursion train on the Atlantic Coast Line the past summer and assaulting the flagman. While it is believed the right parties were tried, still the evidence was insufficient to convict. Richard Butterfield and Sam Butterfield?assault and battery with intent to kill?guilty, but not yet sentenced. The case against George Toomer for murder is being tried as we go to press, This is a case of a negro killing another at a hot supper. SALUDA NEGRO UNDER ARRESTHe is Alleged to Have Made an Improper Proposal to Mrs. Kirkland Saturday. Saluda, September 16.?Robt. Simpkins, whom a magistrate brought here last night at midnight, charged with making improper proposals to Mrs. Boyd Kirkland, at Ridge Spring yesterday, was this morning harried, away to Chappell's by Sheriff Sample where he will catch the down train today for Colombia and deliver him to the penitentiary authorities for safe-keeping. The facts, as nearly as your correspondent can gather them, are as follows: Mrs. Kirkland was on her way to the garden and when near the home of Simpkins was accosted by him with an im- * proper proposal. This happened yesterday morning. Mrs. Kirkland went up to her husband's store and reported the matter. Magistrate Simons, who lives at Ward's, was summoned and went down tn Ridsre Snrinc and loaned a warrant for Simpkins; when arrested he was near his home attending to his cow. It appears that little was known of'ths affair until the arrest was made late yesterday afternoon., When it became known there was some supposed excitement and it was said that men were seen in small crowds. The good people of Ridge Spring are lovers of the law and no danger of any > violence was* anticipated at their hands but Sheriff Sample, fearing danger to his prisoner from other sources; thought it prudent to carry him to Columbia. The negro strongly denies the charge of any evil proposal, and claims that he V only intended to ask Mrs. Kirkland for ' $2. He states, however, that after the occurrence with Mrs. Kirkland, she went back to her home and got a pistol and came to his home and said she had a mind to kill him. The story told by Simpkins t -' is not beHeved here. Simpkins is a dark brown negro, abont .y 35 years of age and has a family. If is said that he lives very near the Kirkland home. He once lived at Ward's. Little was known of the affair here today until after the sheriff had left here for Chappell's. There is no excitement here at all and the sheriff went alone with his prisoner. > Rnnb SonflfltiAn in Aitran Recently there has been a sensational report in circulation as to a loss or short- % age in the People's Bank. The facts in the case are these; About three weeks ago Mr. Newsom, the cashier, discovered that there was a discrepancy of about $17,000 between the amount of deposits of the bank as shown in personal ledger and that carried in the general ledger from which the balance sheets are taken. He at once Reported the matter to the president, Mr. Henderson. Just where the trouble lies or who is responsible for it, could not be ascertained, and the directors asked the State bank examiner, Mr. Hallman, to come down and help the officers to locate the trouble. He was in Aiken yesterday, and can give no opinion until he has examined the books, and compared each depositor's pass book with the ledger. He will be back in a few days to attend to the matter. In the meanwhile it is requested : that every depositor send in his book at once. There is really no reason whatever for any uneasiness over the matter on the part of the depositors. In the first place ?fl 1\a1 \\99 +Vl A/> A I ft A ?VAe1^AM f A U IB uciicvcu uj vuvov w a yvoi*ivn ku know th&t there is only a clerical error, from incompetent bookkeeping by somebody, but even if it should be proven that the snm of money has gone the stockholders alone will be affected, for the bank will only have that much less surplus than the directors supposed, and the value of stock reduced accordingly. This is al 1 there is to it.?Aiken Recorder. All the efforts made by a Liverpool firm , to promote the cultivation of cotton in Palestine have proven fruitless, even though labor costs only 25 cents a day and land is one-tenth the price of Egyptian land. The chief cause of the failure is said to be the incapacity and laziness of the natives. Ask any "JAP" that you may see, "Why the Czar, with Bear behind," had to climb a tree. The Yanks, God bless the Yanks, says he, They gave us Rocky Mountain Tea. ' H. F. Hooyer. : > MM '