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X THE WAR LAST WEEK b RUSSIAN OFFENSIVE IS SUR PRISE TO ALL THE WORLD ft |Tb« •aUtUctlon that Ruaala’s motf haa tharafora Inaplrad among tha Allied laadera can Dot but be re flected In the. rank and file of all tba Allied armies. Aa usual, the Russians. In their attack, struck the front which was held almost entirely by Austria. Aus tria's situation is well known and needs no argument. Every state ment which has come from Austria since the death of Francis Joseph I has indicated a willingness to quit I and make peace if only half way rea- j sonable terms could be made. Every attack of importance made on the Russian front since the beginning of .the war has been against Austria, with the sole purpose of defeating her and forcing a situation where she would have to make peace. And every attack against Austria has succeeded until the Germans, pouring,, reinforcements into the threatened line, have plugged the gaps. * Austria is no match for Rus sia even in the latter’s present weak ened condition. In practically every attack which has been directed against the Austrians, not alone by the Russians but by Italy as well, the Austrians have eventually met with defeat. It is in no sense sur- remarkable events of this most re-!* >, * s | n ^ ^ en t0 have seen in the past markable war. No one—ami this In-1 w * ek t a ? e P et, . t,on . oI th « K lvln £ way eludes the Germans—believed that lines before great WILL IT.KELP GOING? —w-,— r-e 5—“ — , ' J< ——— J *————— ' ' i Now York Timew Export Reviews Fighting on Far V.astern Front— rampaign of Rruailoff, illicit Ended Last Year, is Being Re sumed in Galicia With Splendid Success. The feature of the week’s fighting is the Russian attack in Galicia. It may prove but a flash in the pan, in spired by the tremendous magnetism of one man.s personal enthusiasm. It is too early to tell. Nevertheless, it iiJ one of the most Russia could make an attack in force with any chance of success, for never, under similar circumstances, has-a nation been more completely demor alized. ^ , BIGGEST AIR RAID TWENTY GERMAN MACHINES ATTACK BRITISH CITY HIT HEART OF LONDON A DEADLOCK IN WEST I SAY AMERICAN GENERALS Russian pressure. \ The Russian attack was launched between- the region of Brzezany and the Brody-l-emberg railroad. Be ginning at the railroad, the Russian line, an it remained after the close In every department of Om govern- 0 f | ag | summer’s . offensive, came ment there was chaos. Transporta- dovni along the east bank of the Uoa was totally disorganized, muni- ( £iota upa River as far as a point lion manufacture was infected with several miles * south of Brzezany. ®^**^®* even to the point of complete * here it croased the river ifnd curved paralysis, the government itself had ’ westward to the outskirts of Halfcz ceased to exist in so far as it was | These are tn able to exercise its function* and •• n These are the three vital points within the territory embraced by tbo force obedient e to its mandates |v ^ KnaaUn attack. Iharegardlnc the number of prisoners as a criterion of i»i:rre%s. the l(u**tant. through the • aptuu* of Koniurby and tbe ground suUm quently gained, have surround ed |ir«ecan> on fKr»e sides The same bold* true o f Zkic row which fta 41 the valley uf the Una Hv seitina •• fits of the heights Wtween the Hnd atel the Lina the Russians are threat*man both «itiea trograd was still top heavy with Ger man spies working night and day to keep the air impregnated with civil strife and dlseontent I'ndrr su* h ctrcnmslanret it is not to be «o ad*r*d at iPnf. la s^t* of the elate m*fit «*f K«*t*a*k) that tbe Russian* would attach op tbe first da) <*f Jx il). tbe world refutod to be- fefteee t Pal l MaaatP wan able to deliver Jgldo* • kpjt uuufeil piebp t VrjfigMl oat i**!*u«at *^ r *^jL ,, tt‘Jfi • ♦brt Hying Low aiul t>os«lng Capital Slow ly, , Aircraft • tlrop Many RombN—Knew' Mliere They \Vcre and Did Much Damage to Iktsineas Establishments—Seemed to Have Escaped. liondon was subjected Saturday to an air raid on perha|>s a larger scale than any the Getniuuis hail previously atteraiKed. A score or more of airplanes flew over the center of the city, diving suddenly to a low' altitude, droppiug their Itonibs quickly aud sp«ssli»g t off S4>uthwar<l. Their explosives caused some damage in the heart of London and tilled 37 persons and .injured 141. The official figures shewed the cas ualties to have been not nearly so high as in the big air raids of June 13, when 151 persons were killed and 430' injured. On that occasion the Germans lost jnly one machine, according to the [fritlsli admission. This time, how ever. four of the German raider* were brought dotgAfe^JTurtfoermore. ilrltiali wlrwuw at Dunkirk, arroai tha channel, who went out looking for tha raiders had failed to find them, duf such effertlv* represalve work on other German aircraft that •even boat lie machines Were account ad for within n brief period Tba morning was one of base, seat her moat favorable for rtosatni • be rbannel VTIt boot being observed on their former vtsit. made in *iu»? Russia Muat t’orne Hark or Great. Of fensive Hattie on Sea or in V Air Alone Can Win. Russia must play h heavy part on the east side of Europe. Germany must ha.ve an internal revolution, or some decisive air or naval effort must be made, else pouring .more men into the western Hives will be | First (k»nsideratlon is to American virtually useless, according to the CONTROUXPORTS WILSON TO RE LIRE LICENSE r FOR Alt SHIPMENTS 'TO CUT OF TEUTONS views of some prominent military men in Wanhington. Two of these men told 'the United Press that they see practically a stalemate in the west—a deadlock which will continue unless one et the three developments noted above oc- cuf. The positions of the men above Needs, Second to Allies and Third to Supply Neutrals W’lth Surplus —Embargo on Foodstuffs for 60 '" ‘.v Days is Contemplated. . . % ® overnmen ^ con t r °l of American noted prevent them from being |i ex ^ ort8 l authorize J i in n provision of quoted, but their views are known to tlie espionage act, was ordered pu be the views of a number of army int0 operation July lo by President men Wilson Sunday night with the Issu One of the authorities produced a ^ nce a requiring the map. On it was traced the lines in licensing of shipments to all the days of the Marne—and to-day. trie8 °* ^ ie H 10 *!? iffiPtNCtant export The distance the Germans had been I - . , , ihoved back was almost insignificant; I , president while a yawning green space marked I emment s |M>licy viill be first to gi'^ the expanses to the Rhine. l**«»*»*ui...M»i»rt«» ti* Xmericiui needs: chasm will still yawn unless some- conslderation t4> American neexls; next to meet as far as possible the from whom Hrunsua, In with tha said ordsn and will Imoo.** Thu president • statement panylng thla proclamation aald: In controlling by Itcanaa tha at- , port of indlspenalbla: commodttias from tba United States, tha govar»- ment has first and chrtafly In vlaw tha amelioration of tha food condl- tfcns which have arisen or nre likely to arise In our country before new crops are-harvested. Not only is the conservation of our prime food and fodder supplies a matter which vi tally concerns our own people, but .the retehtion of an adequate supply of raw materials is essential to our program of military and naval con struction and the continuance of our necessary domestic activities. We shall, therefore, similarly safeguard all our fundamental supplies. \ "It Is obviously the duty of the Tnited States in liberating any sur plus products over and above our own domestic needs, to consider first the necessities of all the nations en gaged in war against the Central empries. In considering the deficits of , food supplies, the government means only to fulfill its obvious ob- Ugationto assure itself that neutrals are husbanding their own resources and that our supplies will not be come available, either directly or In directly, to feed the enemy.? thine- more than present tat tles are re<l«ireme«U o< the Allien; anti last- J) to supply the neutral countries wherever practicable. It Is made clear that every effort will be made to see that no supplies reach the Cen tral powers. The commodities named In the list put under control are coal. coke, ran br matte to" teTl I 0,l,, • kt rowne amt gaaoltae In- Germans. partirularly bunker.; food grain., flour employed, the expert*} said. Russia is manifestly one of The main reliances. If her offensive can be so developed as to haul back Ger mans to the east front, previously released, then the constant batter ing. fron'al attacks on the great western line QgJIrta mV hs H * < ftut FsmmpVw hast Sat p* * y** v • VWi »«•» bf •••lhafg t»# German* kapt high i m—ntiaur tn gtt* the ail** an ad ap ta llm mist, but gbfiGap mhtm | irthapr'-g * ^^ ^ - against the ........... ... ....., . when American forma are in. too. • J®®*! tneal. fodder bnd f^-ds. meats The experts Won’t gatnble on what and raU - ‘ ro ®' b * ll ® U ‘ • hi P Russia will do Her offensive came ft** and structural ^iape«. scrap •o unexpertedlv that, they say. It IsM*®® hAmp. maal. J^VPP SHMHi* to whether shel*^* forilllzera. arm*. w ammubltM aad rxploslvea. The Inclusion of food*tuffs In the proclamation lends <ok»r to stnt^ ment* that the sdpiinistiation Is roa* •idertag the advlaabtltiy of a • on» pu*tr r«bargn for sixty days «»a all t«M*d •hiparent* to glva tbe conatry pBlIllral - rr~- I* lh*| WM ** aa *e**lB !•• MBMM •( K» 1 ppliee aad !• give Altiad abd paw even money now a •*an and will •untnla It. or slump bm k lain Isactloa. A year aad a half at least tn what tbe military authorities figure tbe if will U*> One et lee*t thinks, bow ever, that tbe net rusutt will bo abnot tbe aame aa tt la sow. ealeae mm I* ibr . 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Gen. Pefohlng haa Issued tbe fol lowing general order to his troops: For the first time la history aa American army finds Itself In Euro pean territory - The good name Of tha United States of America aad tha maintenance of cordial mloUoas re- qulre the perfect deportment of each r • mber of this eomnmad. •‘It la of the gravps* Importance that tbe soldiers of tb# hmarlrpp army aboil at afl Hama I mat tba French peopla. aad especially tbe women, oitb Ibo grant ant and ropsldemttoo * Tbe vnlioat deeds ef tbe arm lee and tbe Attlee w hfteh pgbdmPbdPamnalM rmpmen reave fad|Mr'a ygarm tbe aec/lfiree mi I ha c|td| gerecfil ««f France ip eeppael of tbagf e^smead opr prwfappd mappn Tbifi r a pbenl bn o fipasappd ep tba past of er f«e#ee bv ePifnrm ceptfeay ip pM and by tba *«c«b- ha r inoa nod com TW |pt*pslve cpMivwimp pf tbfi •all Vi Ftep*a va km *«pdpmpa eppb ad bf lbe pp# (ppfben M paaegpppp I apt eetfepuv epPa ba iplMMi fin dp PP daflppo le n#f eps# pPnPagfif Tba gm* «**o Fvepvfi mppimad aappMfia g| bappxpp nnaa m fix tb* Pafid Ibe epepit tiupao Ibaps aa oat vab fpppKvy * ** J tbifio geP* Pea ftadP Ibe gfpppd * pi fippagp. Idal year, a Hep *he era* C«n»ider-1 h«»fdF^ 'bent pinter, PPd • J pd lo be atlll rrcpyeflPg from tbe ef^urtilag them into a separate pears I fta* feet a of he? long ret feat witb all it* Hat Masala w a 1 a .aaraaaary part of loss la gun* aad suppltee aad all tbe tbia *cbeme. aad unless she rounds dtsorgaaiietloa of her forces that, to form the BMitter will bavg to be sach a protracted movepmnt implies, i postponed until next year came the prolonged offensive of Bra- j Nevertheless, the Indications of ailoff ia which nearly a half million ’ Rmmia’s rejuvenation are moat hope- prisoners and much, jrnluable Jerri- j u | n DO | »cem yet that any HU«.h offensive aa marked last year «an ba- undertaken. Hut tin* ce**«»lu- tion iff ltu#***ia to fiitht. the ((^Hatlon of all fraternization of the *okliees and the attitude of Fetrognu! t«#- uaxrd the new offensive nre signs of Russia’s return to the status of an active, dangerous l»elUgcrenL Since last week h article was writ ten it has become evident that Greece has lined up wiMi the Entente and may soon be expected to take her place on the Saloniki front. It is not easy to see what difference this can pplrtad tba ft 9 t to 1 oams aad aa ibo Hmiab axa«h>nr a** ftfito lb* iirtwrw ibo rallBl irbemsd tbatv pp#o A Pare* running fight apawwd ba* wop • strong for** mi HriUab am' Inoa and tbn r*i.t<-> *..»*rt * • >f tl 4 •limpD awdtbAa b«p* of tbo One- I hoap bronpbi down obup ■bafiaPMi dbMMMapgad ffiav •h*%. bnt tbo tmtllak apopdfxMi ««W ttfioad tbo potaa*t and eng sand tbaa* impgflF* Tim ntlavb wna ptnlfitf dlfwvWad agntpm tba civilian pnpwlnlmo nnd th«> Ipaini arr nnd fionortn! boildipg* Tbo#o fea no opaotlap tbo Gt naana rw | hpaw whrra Vboy warn, and II wan not a mat tor pf arntiartpg atploat t»lin*il« from a grawl bmghi Wby ai«ar p* r ’ Ma PP0P a*»l ktllrd to explain Tbowaaada wore ill tlm cl lr of ma no marh|nca, •tre**t* la the arm hot tory fell Into her hands. But a short time ago the German papers were clamoring loudly that RusHpi was out of the war for all time, and while such statements were atill be ing heard the Central powers were suffering the most severe defeat that had been inflicted -upon them since the battle of the Marne. N In Armenia and in Persia there was the same story to tell. And as 1»17 dawned, in all Allied circles there was the hope and the expecta tion that the* successes of the previ ous year w’ould be repeated on even a larger scale. Nothing was more startling titan last year’s campaign. And this year, on the anniversary of the beginning of the •battle of the Somme, Russia has repeated herself. Not the least important effect of the Russian awakening will be the effect on the .other Allies. There is no minimizing the < tremendous strength of Germany’s defensive po- sitions on the nesleni front; For the Feeagh. The German* seem to have had a definite ofijret in view la thla recent fighting aside from the ever-present desire to create a diversion and so relieve the pressure on the other front to the west. When the French last December thrust their way north almost to their original line, a dan gerous situation wa* created for the Germans on the*west bank of the Tbe upper atory of where several hundred * BK*a aad girls were employed, was partly de stroyed. but no one was lajurad. as aH the workers had been quietly marshaled Into the basement upper part of a solid office building was crushed, large concrete blocks were thrown about the street, but no one in this budding suffered injury Among the places attacked was one of the most metropolitan hospi tals, on which the Red Cross flag was flying conspicuously, and the be mot well •4»»««*#al #omdn*t of bo ln»eed taco tnsfiao fideeod aparo suaofiiiat aad too hofig CP port tfiropgfi fooe of oak IPO sMpafi ocM bo tapartoA IP go BgipfifiMk C'opCfol of Mma aad aksef one ffisde Ipaamfv Mp W90 dogaaadi op Va •top aad afaad ifido*tftso A efioek mi aiavd ip ififit vpppcffi la tfioapl- • »a« ax fiotag a*eoafe*Cata aad t! NvaevpUMrpC a *a kapey ropt rot refir vegpftoll by tbo If k river. The line on the east hank was several miles ahead of the line on the 1 location of which must have been cates of a complete emban •btpmeots ts that the aev tries and the Allies hate entirely different statements lac (he amount of foodstuffs going from tbe neutral copatrlas Into Opr many The president declares la his statement that thla government has no desire to do any Injustice to aou- tral countries and Intends to co operate with them. Tbe president’s proclamation after quoting the law empowering the government to take control of exports. sajt:| "1 hereby proclaim to ail whom it make in the offensive operations to ward- which the Allies have been looking. It is true that Greece brings to the Allies an army of about 3 00,000 men, w'hich is an addition of about one-third to the force which previously held this*front. This is a verv considerable increase and adds materially to the mangin by which the numbers of the Allies . exceed thnsp Of the (’ontral powers^ weeks the British have been strug gling agaihst Hjemost powerful de fensive positions which ifiilitary en gineering skill has ever constructed. They have literally blasted many of these out of existence, only to find behind them defences almost . as sttong and defended by a force which has been augmented largely bj u.fhdrawals from the Russian front.*" . •• • ' The position of France has been exactly similar. The. French have advanced to the point where before them lie commanding positions se curely held and almost permanently fortified The forfe against them Is somewhat inferior to their own In numbers and in quality, bat Ibis ad vantage |a wiped out by the relative value of tbe poeiflepe bold ami tbe fan that la order ia pm objorto tb* But the problem on this front is not a question of men. , It is a ques tion of artillery and almost an un limited amount of shell. And an unlimited amount of shell is one thing which the Allies on this front can not get. The long transportation involved, the scarcity of shipping, and the submarine interference with ocean traffic make the nrohlem of Saloniki almost Impossible of solu tion. It is ii<»t apparent how the Allies expect to advance along rhe line th<T mu*d use—the valley of the Vardar- under prevailing conditions. The week on the wratern front has br#n ebaractertsed by the most furious German attacks 1 Pablo to k*«*p from Verdun, which draws (hrm as do*”* a magnet the German* daring tbr »e»h U-n ?.«l a tertr* ribhiOttk* acork* M*l«* «*»« . •WmO" * 1 calkd Hill ffil *fo G ««t attack phifto tbo * dodvwd •mown. The hospital escaped entire ly. although several bombs fell close to it. In one building a number of prom inent business men had gathered for a conference. Above their heads was only .plate glass. A bomb exploded in the lavatory, hut did not even break the glass. Not one of the men was hurt. The day’s experience showed that zr^rSons in solidly constructed build- w . Mngs are comparatively saf«; but the battle of Verdun. Their attacks^-windows' of these buildings were dqrlng the week were, however, en- crowded with young clerks, deter- tirely futile—at no place were.they mined not to miss the spectacle at ible to make headway. whatever cost. An even more disastrous- defeat Numbers of sky razors in this sec- west hank. The western line was, therefore, taken in,flank, in rear, and in front by French fire. This condition could he remedied in only one way—by seizing a com manding position on the west hank. by w f hich the French lines could be enfiladed and forced to retire when pressure was applied in front. The only position of this kind is Hill 304, for which the Germans struggled for months before the battle of the Sjomme sounded the requiem of the wa.s administered still further to the west along the Vhemin des Dames. Here a major attack was delivered with all of the force of infantry and artillery / which characterized last year’s attacks at Verdun. The French held all* the advantage of position. The Chemln des Dames runs along a crest and completely overlooks and TTHiim^nds the valley of the Aillette immediately to the north.. The,CR»r- tm(|i attack was against this ridge, the infantry moving out from tin- rover of the vallev and up the slopes. The result was, disastrous. Not a German soldier reached the French lines, each attack being smothered by the artlllery,aBd machine gun flee before it could really, get under may riMUr. the Gormans, after **% ml sach attacks. de«Utod. and a moderate artillery ire opty was malatgiaed, tbe fepfualry taktag part It mas a dMiart defeat la AdM iMeoei fippPafiBgaaoM* ImpimmM OCM ba pM|M§ fip I mam la mamm 4 • tbafi m m tbe •a apfl tafia «Pa I UP at tbe tbe a#caal tali bat let Ibe af fafiatixe rank pf MmM •ba dipfl af pM cippm oiP ba bafii aarpfpBi Amgmot I. tb* feast 4 •m* srPea tbe Jppfd mfM bp fipl tram flmrplp. rlartds. pad tPe O '*<*taa as oell aa from ladAaaa. ML •as OPfeabama aM ibe tar Warn raaT I»e«pairing of getting recognition from the United States, the de facto government of Costa Rica has direct ed Its envoys. Fernandes Guardis, to (•turn to Ban Jose. Gusrdla has been in Waahlngton since last April knocking vainly at the door of tbe state department and presenting arguments which have met with no response, in an effort to t^tsbllsh the legslfty of his govern- may concern that, except at such I ment. His briefs set out that the time or timep and under such, regu-1 condition under which Tino came lations and orders and, subject to into office last February as the re- such limitations and exceptions as gu lt of the revolution against his thfis president shall prescribe until predecessor. otherwise ordered by the president I The state department has refused or by Congress with the following to recognize the de facto goverP- articles, namely: Coal, coke, fuel naent In pursuance of its general poD oils, kerosene and gasoline, includ-1 icy of discouraging revolutions based upon violence. GERMAN AGENT DEPORTED ing hunkers; food grains, flour and meal therefrom, fodder and feeds, meals anej. fats* pig iron, * steel bil lets, ship plates and structural shapes, scrap iron and scrap steel; ferro manganese, fertilizer, arms. . , 1C3 . _ ** - .1. ammnnWIon and explosives, shall I Heinrich fkl.aaft.«u»en pticed Aboard not. on and after the 15th day of ForriRn-Bouml Ship. July, 1917, be carried out of or ex-1 — ported from tne United States or its I The United States government Sat- territorial possessions to Ahhyssinia, I urday sent Heinrich Schaafhausen, Afghanistan, Albania, Argentina, I a former German embassy attache in Austro-Hungary, Belgium, her col- Washington, out of the country. The onies, possessions of protectorates; j departure of the Norwegian steam- Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, China, I ship, on wiiich secret service agents Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, I placed him, was delayed-by their tion were badly cut by flying glass. A thorough investigation of the re sults of the battle by the staff cor respondent of the Associated Press show that no military, munition or supply establishments were touched. Apparently none were sought, since j ■ II II . the Germans undoubtedly knew their gl^nuiarw, her colonies, possessions I actions In arresting a German, Berg locations. Five minutes afl^r the °r protectorates; Dominican repub-1 von Linde, under the espionage act explosions ceased the streets rtf the district attaoked'were jammed with masses of humanity. # - A considerable .number of British patrol* were already in the air around !x>ndon . w h»*n the enemy reached the rity. These arnut* went !rto a« fion af on*e and a succession of duels occurred. The planes of the raiders for an a*fhek upon certain objectives ap- pc to be up*et by the artiitiy of ib* BriiUh airplanes aad asxeral af tha. r* dees tn a d«*pefsta effort to tlfhlea tbe load tfiry oo«fed fin hi if Mi mm i rex* lc, Egypt, Francq, her colonies, pos-ljhls prisoner was charged with paae- scssions or protectorates^ Great Brl-ling money and three packages of tain, her colonies, possessions or pro-1 letters to the ship’s steward, tectorates; Greece. Guatemala, Haiti. Honduras. Italy, her colonies, pos sessions or protectorates; Japan. Li beria. I^elchatonstetP. Luxemburg. Mexico. Monaco. Montenegro. Moroc co. Nepal: Nicaragua. Netherlands, her colonies, possessions or protec torates: Norway. Oman. Panama. Paraguay. Persia. Peru. Portugal. Met aafeaaUa. pncuaMxui ar proteo b Resets, fialufi* fierfiia Mfeam. ipoti MILLION WOMEN PUDGE To F'dkm IMrertioa* of A milliop Amertraa laaaoepred. have cSgaed follow tbe food tlooe ef the fond It •wtti rra