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J mEPTS THE RISK —— » j2RMAN CHANCELLOR TELLS OF DECISION FOR SUB WAR EVERYTHING AT STARE v rpjr- 4 (luacellor Addresses Reichstag 8a|r- teg Unrestricted U-Boat War Is Adopted With Full Knowledge of the Gravity of the Situation—Wfil- itary Condition Is Now Satisfae- IBhr. Chancellor von Bethmann>Hollweg and other ministers attended an im portant meeting of the ways and means committee of the German reichstag Wednesday, at which the eptire war situation was gone .over and new steps planned by the Cen tral powers were considered. The chancellor, opened the ^sitting 'with a speech of which the keynote words were; “We have been challenged to fight to the end. . We accept the challenge, we stake everything and we shall be victorious. 0 The secretary of state for the ad miralty spoke of the situation from the technical, military’ and ngval viewpoint. 'Detailed statistical data in regard to the economic pocition of the world was supplied' * y the sec retary of the interior. Foreign Sec- . retary Zimmermann replied to spe cial questions. * . ; The committee then w’ent into secret session, at^ which secret eches wdi* made by representa- s of the Central, National, Llb- ,1 and Progressive parties. In fiis address Chancellor von Jethmann-Hollweg explained why in _llarch and May of last year he had opposed unrestricted submarine war fare,; and why again in September, “according to the unanimous jinig- ment of the political and military authorities the question was consid ered ripe for. decision. 0 The chancellor repeated his utter ance that as soon as he, in agree ment with the supreme army com-, mand, reached the conviction that rnthiees submarine warfare would bring Germany nearer a. victory the U-boat warfare would be started. * “By this development of the sit uation the decision concerning sub marine warfare has been forcejLinto tie Tast acute stagdt" said thexhan- cellor. ‘The question of U-boat war, as members of the Reichstag will re member, has occupied us three times in this committee; namely. In March, May and September of last year. /‘On each occasion in an exhaus tive statement I expounded the points for and against this question. I em phasized on each occaaion that I was speaking pro tempore and not aa a supporter in principle or opponent in principle of the unrestricted employ ment of U-boats, but In consideration of the military, political and econom ical situation as a whole. *'! have always proceeded from the ~ standpoint whether U-boat war would bring 'us nearer victorious peace or not. Every means, I said in March, that was.calculated to short en the % war constitute the most hu mane, policy to follow. When the most ruthless methods are consider ed best calculated to lead us to vic tory and swift victory. I said then they tnust be employed.'* "This moment has now arrived," he continued. ' "Last autumn the time was not yet ripe, but to-day the moment has comp when, with the greatest prospecU'ef success, we can undertake the enterprise. We must, » therefore, not wait any longer. “Where has there been any change In the situation?” the chancellor ed. “In the first place the most rtant fact of all is that the num- ^ of our submarines has been very siderably increased, as compared with last spring, and thereby a firm basis for success has been establish ed. . “The second co-decisive reason Is the bad cereal harvest of the world. ‘This fact already confronts England, France and Italy with serious diffi culties, which by means of unre stricted U-boat war will be brought to a point of unbearableness. The coal question, too. is a vital question in war. .Already it is critical, as you know, ip Italy and France. Our sub marines will make it still more criti cal.” “To-this must be added especially as regards England and the supply of ore for the production of ’taiuni- tions, in the widest sense, and of timber for coal mines. The ene my’s difficulties are rendered still more acute by the increasing lack of enemy cargo space. In this respect time and U-boat and cruiser^warfare have prepared the ground for the'de- ctsive blow. “The Entente suffers owing to lack of cargo space. The lack makes itself felt in Italy and France no less than fn Englandf^f-If we may now venture to estimate tlto positive ad vantages of unrestricted U-boat war aU a very much higher value than last spring the dangers which arise ,for us frora U-boat war have corre spondingly decreased, since that time.” The. chancellor referred to mili tary affairs as follows: “A few days ago Field Marshal von Hindenburg described the situa tion to be as thus: Obr fronts stand firm on lift sides. We have every where the requisite reserves. The jlrit of our troops is good and con- pt. The militajy situation as a le permits us to accept all the equences which unrestricted U-, to6at war may bring and as this U- boat wnr js the means of Injuring our enemies the most grlevourly, it be begun." the foreign seefftw. 4h# authorities and #, »e lAnftccLHun garian premier femt Gaermin v • I Although a decuioa is sup, o ri to have been reached last week Foreign Secretary Zimmermann again travel ed to great headquarters on Monday. On his return. Tuesday, he received the American ambassaddr and held a lengthy discussion with him. • Chancellor von Bethmann-Hollweg, addressing the Reichstag committee, declared that Germany was ready to stake everything and fight to the end, according to a Berlin . dispatch to London. The dispatch quotes him as saying; ./V “On December 11 explained to the reichstag reasons which led to our peace offer. The reply of oar oppo nents clearly and precisely said that they declined to hear only of a peace which they dictate. By this the whole question of guilt toy the con tinuation of the Wgr is decided. The guilt falls alone oh our opponents. The conditiohs of our enemy we can not discuss. They could only be ac cepted by a totally defeatedr people. I*-therefore means that we must fight. - MAY DROP THE BARS LANSING TO ALTER DECISION ON ARMED SHIP STATUS AWAITS CONCRETE CASE Government Expected to Hold That 'v ’ V ,' 4 Arming of Ships-by Great Britain Is Not Necessarily for Offense-— Old Rules Provided That Absence of Such Goods Would Be Indica tion of Defensive Purpose. * ~ * -l* • ** ’ :• '. - • *' V . ‘ « Reports are current that the Brit ish government has been informed “President Wilson’s message to by the United States government that Congress shows a sincere wish to re- the arming of merchantmen fore and store peace to the. world. Many of aft for defense would be recognized his maxims agree with our aims, namely, freedom of the seas, abolish ment of the system ’ of balance of power which always is bound to lead to new difficulties, equal rights of, , all nations and an open door. “But what are of the Entente? by our government as legitimate, but Secretary Lansing said Monday night that the statement was without anv The secretary’s denial followed an „ A , .. v , txJ oral'statement that no action hash Hut what are the peace conditions ^ een ta k en j^y this government marU- the Entente. Germany s defen- i n g an y change in its attitude toward sive Jorce is to be destroyed, we to , treatment'pf armed merchant- <>Ur easte! ' n men both on the high seas or when provinces, the Danube monarchy to they enter American ports, A mem-' ,hnftf, 0 ^ d K^ Bul ^ aria , again * t0 b ! orandum, dated March 25 last, which ♦n f Kn e ^i4?>? t o 0na . anti ‘ w as prepared by direction of P^esi- _ be Z ou i l of , hl,rope dent Wilson, set forth the govern- and smashed in Asia. The destruc- nient’s atlitude in Tegard to the 0 _ u 1 r _ 0pp< ? 1 i® uts l €a!l11 ?^ status of armed merchant vessels in be expressed more strongly. We have been challenged to fight to the end. We accept the cliallenge; we neutral, ports and on the high seas. The general * rules concerning the status of armed merchant vessels END PEACE DEBATE Senate headers Refuse Chance to DU- cuss President's Talk. Debate on President Wilson’s world peace address enlivened the Senate for several hours Tuesday be fore it w r as halted by concerted action of administration leaders. Then Sen afor Cummins’ motion to take up his resolution to set aside time for general discussion of the subject was tabled by a vote of thirty-eight to thirty. . Senators Hitchcock and Williams of the foreign relations committee engineered the movement to kill the Cummins resolution. Senator Martine of New Jersey being the only Demo crat refusing to' support them in their contention that the clogged con dition of the legislative ~ calendar made the action necessary. Repub licans voted solidly against the mo THE fiERMAN NOTE TEXT OF OFFICIAL ANNOUNCE' MENT OF U-BOAT WAR a A FREE USE OF U-BOATS Communication Delivered t» Staiw Wellington—Wilson - Advisers Consider May Be Recalled and German Am- *' * ' * ■ — l . -t"- , * * bassador Handed HU Passports. t The German announcement, as .. . communicated to Mr. Lansing K iSi. dl!u£ *—> B St„ bate. Senators Lortse, Borah and oth-L Vour excellency was geod enough er Republicans having served notice to tra nstatt to the Imperial govern- that they would address the Senate menl tt co P* or the message whfcb on the subject. Three other resolu tions on the same subject also may called up on a motion at any time. BRYAN WORKS FOR PEACE stake everything and shall be victo- v|g|Ung American port6 were 'set , - (forth in a memorandum of Septem- ‘“.The admiralty staff and the high foer 19. seas fleet entertain the firm convlc-, ~ jhough no action h*.«! been taken tton—a-conviction which+ms Alteration of the AjkOtfou atii- cal support in tne.experience gained tvile on the armed merchantman in U-boat and cruiser warfare, that, question,'there appears to In* every (.real Britain will be brought to ground for the statement that at an peace by arms. Our allies agrHe*w?tjF curly date the policy of both. the our views. Austrra-Ilung. ry adheres uiitikh and German‘gov’erhmcnta in to ..cuir.-procedure also iii 'practice, fj.iu almost pivotal Usue in its rela- Just kiy a blockaded area tions to submarine warfare, will take around Great Britain and the-west ncw tut ns, forcing itself upon the at* coast of France, in which we will try tention of the adminUtratlon.■ tit prevent all shipping traffic to.the ( These are expected to develop enemy countries. Austria-Hungary *hen the 'British government puts declares a blockaded area^ around j n(0 effect Its new policy of arming V* 1 **. ’ 1 merchant vessels, forward and “To aH nentral countries a free abeam, as well as aft, and the Ger- patch for mutual Intercourse is left mans begin the expected reprisal of outside the • blockaded area. To ordering attacks without warnings America we offer, as we did in 1915,1 on all vessels so armed. , safe passenger traffic under definite 1 1 Such an attack by a German sub* conditions, even with Great’Britain.” marine upon a vessel on which there The chancellor here read the note are American passengers 6r seamen, to the United States and said that or the-appearance in an American corresponding notes had been sent to harbor of an Entente merchant ship the other neutral states. He conclud- mounting guns forward or abeam, ed as follows: 1 will provide a concrete case that will "No one among ,U8 will close his force the United States government eyes is the seriousness of the step, to reconsider the situation, we are taking. That our existence Is It was marie plain at the state dev our stake every one knows since partment that this government would August. 1, 1914, and this has been await specific cases before any deei- brutally emphasized by the rejection sion respecting n new policy or be- of eur peace offer. When in 1914 fore preparing a new' memorandum we had to seize and have recourse to on the subject of armed mervhant- the sword sgsinst Russia’s general men. From what could be gathered ^mobilization, ww did so with the in responsible quarters the principles deepest sense of responsibility to- underlying the question are not Ha- ward our people and conscious of ble to change with increase or de resolute strength which says: ‘We crease of armament. These principles must, and therefore we can!* Our were fully set forth in the state de endless streams of blood have been partment’s memorandum* of March shed, but they have not washed sway 25 last. the ’must’ and the ‘can.’ | Although there has been no new “In now deciding to employ our action by this government and no In best and sharpest weapon, we are dication of Ua policy has been given guided solely by sober consideration to any of the belligerent govern- of all the circumstances that come ments other than in memoranda and Into the question and by the firm de- notes previously published, there Is termination to help our people out of a growing Impression in well-inform- the distress and disgrace which our ed quarters that when the issiie of enemies contemplate for them. Sue-, arming merchant vessels is presented cess lies in a higher hand, but as re- pl^-thls government in a concrete garfls all that human strength can do case, or by formal announcement, it to enforce success for the Father-! will be inclined to hold that mere land, be assured, gentlemen, that arming of merchantmen forward, If nothing has beei^ neglected. Every- wholly for defensive purposes, will thing in this respect will be done.” be recognized by this government, with the reservation that in any event each case must rest wholly on its merits. ^ * As viewed In well-informed circles ...|the issue is not so math one of the . size or placement of the armament, I as it is of the intent, purpose and use fof the guns, that will be considered The first extended flight by Amer- by the American government in de- ican naval officers in a navy owned termining whether It is to regard a balloon was successful, according to-merchant vessel As defensively or of- reports to the navy department fenshtly armedv?— Tuesday, frojn the Pensacola. Fla.,j The principles upon which the station. The. voyage was made by United States government has been Lieut. Commander McCrary and*, acting and governingJ^ts attitude to- Capt. Gotger. They left ^ensaeolh ward anued merchantmen cases have Monday and'after an all night flight , bee&M landed safely at Darien, Ga. . Lane Wilson was recalled after the murder of Madero and Huert&’s as sumption of power and formal diplo matic intercourse has not existed since Huerta handed Charge Nelson O’Shaughnessy his passports April 23, 1914, upon the landing of Ameri can marines at Vera Cruz* The Bra-; zilian minister eared for the inter ests of the United States for a long time; various unofficial agents have been sent to Mexico on special mis sions and since recognition of the de ! facto constitutionalist government' subordinate officials have been in chargee of the dihbaSsy. ' * e president of the United States of ica addresed to. the Senate on the 22nd insL The Imperial govern ment has given it the earnest consid eration which the president’s state ments deserve, inspired as they are by a deep sentiment of responsibility. 1,1* is highly gratifying to .the im- < ommoner Sajs 1 eople should \ote perial government to hscertain that Wu** main tendencies of this impor- on Question of W ar. . tant statement eorre.pond largely to .Administration leaders in Con. .! 1,e desires and prindpiea professed gress, who hope to prevent dYseussion b >' Germany. These principles espe- of international issues during the cially include self-government and present Crisis are somewhat disturb- equality of rights for all nations, ed lest tranquility be shaken by agi-i Gur <nany would be sincerely glad if tation from the pacifist element. 1 in recognition of this principle coun- Eftorts to arouse sentiment trU * 8 like Ireland and India, which against American participation In the (l0 ‘ not e n i°y t* 1 ® benefits of politi- w«ar are expected to come from independence, should now obtain so-called “Bryan” or “pacificist”. •freedom. The German people group and Mr. Bryan's presence In alt l 0 repudiate all alliances which Washington and utterances on this 8 ® rve l° forcq the countries into a subject together with the arrival of competition fpr.might and to AMivolve Hefiry Ford, have served 10 Increase tbcm a net of selfish intrigues, apprehension in this regard. ' j° n the otber hand * Germany will . Mr. Bryan has been urging varI-!K la(11 y co ' 0 i>«r alei ? allefforU . to P re - oua alternatives, including a referen-i vent future wars. The freedom of dum on the question of war with * he 8ea8 > a preliminary coadl- Oermany: -* -AdmhilsliaMuii IBlffBri 1 ~tho-*ro» existence of nations would not be surprised to have.the and the peaceful Intercoqrse betwaen issue raised by the introduction of|G |enl, a8 wel1 a8 °P e s door for resolutions embodying the Ilryan tfc8 commerce of all nations, baa *1- ways formed part of the leading prin- RETURNS TO MEXICO clples of Germany’s political pro gram. All the more the imperial government regreta that the attitude of her enemies who are so entirely opposed to peace makes it Impossible for the world at present to bring about the realisation of these lofty ready to enter now Into a discussion United States Sends Ambassador Fletcher to Southern Republic. Full diplomatic relations k with . - , Mexico are to be resumed immedi-! 0 * P® ac ® and had dow11 *• baBl# ately In an effort by the United th ® guaranty of existence, honor and States to solve through formal chan- frc ® development of their peoples, nels the troublesome questiohs pend-1 alm8 * ^ ba8 been express ing with the Carranxa government ^ stated In the note of December 12, and for Its moral effect in aiding the IPl**-***® not directed towards the first chief to restore order. It was detraction or annihilation of their announced after Tuesday's cabinet •nemies and were accordiuk to their meeting that Henry V. Fletcher. CO n- conv!ct *on perfectly compaUble with firmed ae ambassador to Mexico tb ® ^fi^ts of the other nations. At months ago, would leave for his* post Belgium, for which sueh warm in a few days. LONG BALLOON FLIGHT * ‘ ID Navy Aeronauts Up In Air in Night Ride. First. The stattis of an armed merchant vessel as a warship In neutral 7 waters may be determin ed, hi the absence of documentary proof or conclusive evidence of previous aggressive conduct, by* presumption derived from all the circumstances of the case. FIGHT IN ADRIATIC and cordial sympathy is felt in the United States, the chancellor had de clared only a few weeks previously that its annexation had never form ed part of Germany’s intentions. The peace to be signed with Belgium was to provide for such conditions in that country with which'Germany desires to maintain friendly, neighborly rela tions, that Belgium should not b« used again by Germany's enemies foi Austrian Destroyer Put Out of Ac- lion. Says Rome. The Austrian destroyer Huszar was put out of action In a naval en- gagemenl in the Adriatic a few'days' ago, accordlag to The Rome Trlbuna. I ^ . ‘ h p * € ^ at>0 yi7 The paper eaye that two Italian d*-; etroyere engaged .an Auetrinn Mo.i“ *. ^ U1U and that the Huuar waa hit' L, ,f v i Avtsi oa* **^* * llv©r©(l oy vDCir leading nic n out aliio 1 8 * , ,.° h n K “h®. ® h ,! In the etatutee of the economical by torpedo boats The Italians . conference In Parle, that it le thn)r °* . 11 * nl '"f:, Intention not to treat Germany naan fered no loss, the report eaye. The engagement was fought in the midst of a tempest. Tickle . yourself something funny, and think of occasionally, «if that’s the only way you'll ever laugh. ship of war. It has followed the rule that the CAPTURED THE SUBS Sepond. The status of such ves sel as a warship on the high seas must, be determined only upon conclusive evidence of aggressive purpose, in the absence of which it is to be assumed that^the vessel has a private and peaceable char acter and It should be so treated by an enemy warship. In brief, it has been the conten- WM tion of this government that a “neu- British Reported to Hare Bremen' K Bl government may proceed upon the presumption that an armed mer chant vessel of belligerent national ity is armed for “aggression," while a “belligerent” should proceed on Germany equal, even after paace has been re stored. but to continue their hoetlle attitude and especially to wage a eye terns tic economical war againat bar “The attempt of the four allied powers to bring fcbout peace has fail ed owing to the lust of conquest of their enemies, who desire to dietate the conditions of peace. ' Under the pretense of following the principle presence of an armament on board a* 0 , f out enemies have dis- merchant vessel entering an Amerl-i ®! oB ® d ‘?* ,r r * al » ,n '« “ thl * ^ ar can port creates the presumption 1***' bismemher And.^dlshoner Ger- that the armament is for offensive “ B , Dy ' Austria-Hungary. Turkey and ■purposes, but that the owners or,’} ulB "I la To the wish of reconctlla- agents may hvercome this presump- !! on °PP 0R f the ' v ° r ‘J?®*? 1 .®' tion by evidence showing that the™ 0 ®- . They de8lr ® 8 flght io th ® bu - vessel “carries armament solely fori ,® nd ' .. *» v v defense,” t ’ I "A new situation has tkus been Evidence necessary to establish crf ‘ atf ! d . w . hicl1 . *a, rce8 , ( ’ ermany 1( J the fact that the armament is “solely?- ec i? 0 ? 8 ‘ i « ce , two y(>ars and for defense” and “will not be used * half England is using her naval offensively,” whether the armament 2° wer /or^riminal attempt to force be mounted of stowed below, has ?® rmany l“to submission by starva- bren reeuired in the ea«e of each t,0 ° ' n , brotal contempt of inter- arme.1 ship epterlng an American ? at ' ona ' Ia . w ‘ h « Brou P of P 0 *®™ '* d port since the war began and had to gLfSgg&gg not on J y be presented In each case independ- ; If,?. 1 !?^®.f ° f .i?? 1 - p ,onentS ehtly at an olflrtaf investigation. l but th , ey a1 . 80 ’, by rot ,leC8 PCf<> ur e. In each such Inve tieation the re-^ 0 ” 3 ^ 1 n * ntr f Rl countries entering al- Ntt had shown ccncluslvely to the- ,0| ? eth t y trade not satisfaction of this government that■ itZVZtf the armament Is "not intended for, ■ Ii^i m iUii^ CCord ng to - their arbi- and will not be used in offeuslve; lra r y aecreea - operations." The Indkations that * ”Th«' American government knoWJ tb* arrSament wnTnot be used offen-' ^2 steps which have been taken to sively, required in the rules followed cause England and her allies to ro- by. American port officers, have been ^ u ' rI1 the*rules of international law by American port officers, have been: and 10 respect the freedom of the 1 seas. The English government, how- 1 ever, insists upon continuing^ Us war I of starvation, which does not at all ( affect the military powers of its op- Entente powers have been by the latter with the announcement of an intensified continuation of the war, the Imperial government. In order to serve the welfare of man kind In a higher sense and not to wrong its own people, is now com pelled to continue the fight for exist ence, again forced upon it with the full employment of all the weapons United States may view the situation from the lofty heights of Impartlal- fty and assist on their part to pre vent further misery and unavoidable sacrifice of human life. Enclosing two memoranda garding the details of the contem plated military^ measures at sea, 1 re main, etc. (Signed) "J. Benoyrtorff." •' The official statement Issued Wed nesday by the German government in Berlin announces that nentral ships plying within the new barrdd zones will do so at their own risk. Precautions will be takeh to protect', neutral ships which sailed for theee zones prior to February 1. Following Is the annex referred to In the German note: * “From February 1, 1917,. within barred zones around Great Britain, France, Italy and in the eastern Med iterranean, as outlined in the follow ing, all sea traffic forthwith will be opposed. Such barred zones araL. “In the Nortn Sea, the district* around England and France which la limited by a line 20 nautical miles; the district along the Dutch coast alf far as the Terschelling lightship, the degree of longitude of the* Terschel ling lightship to Udir; a.line from there across the point 62 •degrees north latitude, five longitude, west ward along 62 degrees to a point three nautical miles south of the Southpoint of Farover (Faroe islands?); from there across the point 62 degrees north—degrees west to 61 degrees north, 15 degrees west; then 57 degrees north, 20 de grees west to 47 degrees north, 20 degrees west;* farther, to 43 degree* north, 15 degrees west; then on de cree latitude 43 north to the point ten nautical miles to Cape Finnee- tiere, and 10 nautickT miles distance along the Spanish north coast as far as the French frontier. Concerning the South, in the Mediterranean: For neutral shipping there remains open the sea district went of a zone 60 ten miles broad to 38 degrees 20 minutes north and 6 degrees east, as well as north *and west of a zona sixty ses miles broad - along ths north African coast begin ning on (?) degrees west longitude. "In order to connect this sea die- . trlct with Greece, the tone lends tt miles In width north or east, fol lowing this line: St dsgrsea north and 6 degrees, 38 degrees north and 11 dpgrsss SO minutes east to 34 de grees north and 11 degress 30 min utes east to 34 degrees north and 11 degrees north and 11 degree# 80 minutes east to 84 degrees north and 22 degrees 30 minutes east. From there It leads to a tons 20 sea miles brosd west of 32 degress 30 minutes east longitude into Greek territorial waters. "Neutral ships plying within ths barred zones do so st their own risk. Although precautions ere being taken to spare neutral ships which on February 1 are on ths way to ports in the barred zone, daring nn appropriate delay, yet It Is urgently to be advised that they shonld be warned and directed to other routes by all means available. “Nentral ship# lying in ports of the berred zones can with ths same safety abandon ths barred zones if they sail before February 5 and take the shortest roots into ths open dis trict. “Traffic ef regular American pas senger steamers can go en unmofeet- * ed If: . "A. Falmouth la taken nn the port of destination, and If, “B. On going and returning |o*r» ney the Sellly Islands ns well as the point 60 degrees north, 20 degrees west be steered on. Along this rente no German mines will be laid: "C. It steamers on this Journey bear the following special * signals S hich only they will be permitted to isplay in American porta; n coating of paint on ths ship's, hnll and the superstructure In vertical stripes three metres broad, alternating whits and red, on every mast n large flag of checkered white and red, on the stern the American national flag, during darkness the national flag and the coat of paint to be as easily recognizable as possible from * dis tance; and the ships maat-bn com pletely and brightly illuminated. “D. If only one steamer rune each week in each direction, arriving at* Falmouth on Sundays, leaving Fal mouth, on Wednesdays; “E. If guarantees and assurances are given* by k the American govern ment that these st earners Carry no contraband (according to German list of contraband). Two copies of maps on which ths barred zones as outlined are added." 4 HAS A SUB DREL \ -r TV — , and the Deutschland. Both the Deutschland and the That the calibre of the puns carried docs not exceed six inches, that the gnus and small arms are mounted on the forward part of the vessel; that the quantity of ammunition carried is small, and that the vessel Ik manned by Its usual crew and the officers are * the same as those, on board before the war was declared^ - ", Nothing in the rules laid down by Bremen, the two German submarine. the presumption that the vessel is liners, have-been captured by the ; armed/or “protection.” British and now are in the port of* Both these presumptions, the state Rosythe, England, and Capt. Paul, department holds, may be overcome Koenig, commander of the Deutsch-'by evidence, the first by collateral land, and his entire 'brew, are in a evidence, since the fact to be estab- detention camp in Scotland, accord- lished is negative in character; the ing to a w statement given out by the second by primary and direct evi- Nordsud Agency on jnformatipn said dence, since the fact to be establish- to have been obtained fro.m a source ed in positive in character. > close to the British consulate in New This government lias not gone on ^ ^ ^ . I recordi as regarding guns mounted The Nordsud Agency, which has a forwn|d as evidence that the vessel recognized standing with the Rus- was offensively armed. In the gen- sian government snd which received era) rules which it has followed since •• BP w # a special government" cab 1£ from Pet- September 19 1914 in deaUnw iiiiW when It comes into an Anwsrl- HP* Justify befors its own conscience - - — irumiei ^ t Timer in, snaa, m a »i-w«wH"?5apo rt .wUha gun mounted for- ~ 4H# Orman peoplesnA to ward, but has left that question to fore history the neglect of any means be determined when such a esse destined to bring about the end of arisss. and sill deal with the issue the war. Like ths president of ths from the standpoint of who*her the^'n'ted States the imperial govera- a ran ament Is for offensive purposes, meet had hoped to reach this goal by rather than from the aspect of the of tbe guns. *epme to aa poqents hurt compels women and children, the sick and the aged to suffer, for their country, pains and privations which endanger the vital ity of the nation. Thus British tyran- rr mercilessly Increases the suffer ings of the world indifferent to the laws of humanity, indifferent to the ■ protests of the neutrals whom they this government has put It on record severely harm, indifferent even to as holding that a ship with guns the silent longing for peace among mounted forward is not to be con- £nglaads own allies. Each day of sidered as defensively armed. It kas the terrible struggle causes new de- gbno. on the theory that a vessel, riruetion, new sufferings; Each day when guns kre not mounted forward, shortening the war will on 60th sides will be considered, an indication that; Preserve the life of thousands of the vessel is not armed for offense, brave soldiers and b* a benefit to but has not declared that it would mankind. j consider a ‘vessel to be armed for “The^hnoerial government could b< The.. ghlTmalUirlg JumogMSHMl ru ^ r;i,! - rnfnsad to give th* ezn^t gfifg involving the status of arm** 1 m been the subject rf Ai-r^^'rn at source or authority upon which the merchant'ships visiting American »ek by the empe-o-. the ehe ^V'or. statement Is based. The Nordsud - port*, ft has held that * merchant Agency’s statement follows:. I vessel of belligerent nationality may “By o source closely identified carry sn armament and ammunition with tbs British consu l m New "tor tbs sols pirposs of defsnse" York It was dsfimitsiy stated to-day without aeqmiriag ths character of a British liner Looks to Defense and V gmed for Safety. ) Wjien the Cunard line steamship Carmania arrived to New York from Liverpool, the following, notice post ed conspicuously at the foot of ths main companion way was observed: “Submarine alarm: * Signal for ship's whistle—two long and 1 , two short blasts. Ship is being chasod or in danger of gun firs. “Passengers will go to boats with lifebelts on. “Seamen told off -for gun's crew will go to station. “Remainder will prepare the boats for lowering,. “Firemen and trimmers will dou ble up the watches in stoke hold and engine room, and raise all possible steam. All bulkhead doors being kept closed. “Remainder of men will go to their boat station# or put out Area when they occur. “Surgeons will see that ail sick are removed Passengers said they had that the- British admiralty had In formed the officers ef the thal they need expect m Sar. * • ■M ■ £