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V'* NEWS OfJE Wtl SCATTIRED HEMS lATHERE) ABOOT WOULD CONFLICT BIG NEWS IN SHORT SPACE $ Interesting Pointers About the Signl- can Things Which Oftentimes Es cape Attention—War Goes on in Many Fields of Activity—What the \ ' .1 ' - . Dr. Karl Bachem of Cologne, Cleri cal member of the Reichstag, has con tributed an article to a German news paper in which he suggests the possi bility that the export of arms and supplies from America has been ex aggerated in order to provoke war be tween this country and Germany. He says ho was recently assured by a prominent American that American war exports had never approached the quantities given in the German newspapers. His conclusion is that “we are systematically to be incited through exaggerated reports of Amer ican war supplies in order to impel us to war against America. Caution and reserve in this matter in criticis ing the commercial methods of the American government at this moment are the duties of every enlf|htened citizen.” I. • • The victory won by the Russian army near Tarnopol is received in 'Petrograd as a happy omen for the assumption of chief command of the Russian forces by Emperor Nicholas. Grand Duke Nicholas, tho former x head of the Muscovite army, has ' started for his command in the Cau casus. • • The Dwlnsk of the Russian-Ameri- can line arrived in New York on her last trip from Archangel several days ago. The liner was delayed six days outside Archangel while trawlers swept the channel entrance clear of tlerman mines, four of which were found and exploded. • • Dr. Giuseppe Motta, president of Switzerland, in a recent Interview in Paris, said that neutral nations are Justified in protesting against war since they are its victims. He said they should unite their protests when the warring nations began to show fatigue, and that their proper policy had ceased to be passlveneas and had become energy. • • During a recent storm on Monte Generoso, a peak nearlv 6,000 feet higher than the lake its base touches, a bolt of lightning struck a group of Swiss soldiers stationed there. Four of the men were thrown over a preci pice and killed. • • Announcement has been made by the French ministry of war of its in tention to requisition all stocks of alcohol in France amounting to 200 gallons or more for the manufacture of powder. Makers of drugs or simi lar products will receive each month sufficient quantities- of alcohol for their business. • • That the French output of muni tions Is increasing was indicated by Albert Thomas, minister of muni tions, recently while addressing visi tors to the government factories. He said: “At your next visit you will see a great change" and great progress, but already results have been, achiev ed that relieve us of all anxiety.” • • A Labor member of Parliament, F. W. Jowett, who wished to go to Berne. Switzerland, to attend the in ternational socialist conference, has been refused a passport by the Brit ish government. He is chairman of the Independent Labor party. • • It has been said that England has ‘-.•'too trawlers, mine sweepers, and other auxiliary vessels outside the regular service engaged in sweeping the North Sea, from the English Channel to Iceland, in search for Ger man submarines. • • / The London Daily Express corre spondent at Geneva, Switzerland, says a vast espionage plot p.gainst France and England has been disclosed in Geneva. A German officer and twen ty others have been arrested and more arrests are expected. • • A writer who was admitted to un derground chambers of the citadel of Verdun describes an elaborate under ground city which the French army has arranged. He says at least 50,- 000 people can be accommodated there with the supplies necessary to their existence. The underground spaces are from lOOj^o 200 feet below ground level and are almost entirely cut from solid rock. There is a hos pital completely equipped, an inde pendent waterworks system with two power stations, a mill, and immense stores of grain In air-tight metal casks, and numerous other supplies. A narrow guage railroad runs through the passages and there are five electric light plants. Commodi ous quarters for officers and men, be sides civilians, complete the under ground city. • • The Italian armies in the Cadqre zone in front of the Monte Croce range have been forced to desist in their advance on the Austrian posi tions and set to road building on a large scale, for the Austrian territory next to the Italian frontier had pur posely been left in such condition as to interfere with the progress of an Invading army, although the Austrian defenfte works had been provided with well planned lines of communi cation with each other and witk-Ahe rear. • s Great Britain has begun a policy of forcing work on her war munitions by fining 340 workman in Liverpool la the local monitions court for re fusing to work overtime. The fines amounted to $5 apiece In our money. The transfer of Americans who en listed In the Foreign Legion when the war began to a regular French regi ment is being considered by -Minister of War Millerand. This opening of the service to foreigners would be against all present regulations' and practices. - Before the transfer of in fantrymen is taken up, however, the status of American aviators serving under French colors will *>e consider ed. These men have hitherto been considered legionaries attached to the Flying Corps. e • Honor after death has come to Lieut'enant Frederick William Camp bell of the First Canadian Battalion in the form of the most coveted of British military decorations, the Vic toria Cross. At Givenchy on June 15 last Campbell gained a foothold in the first line of the German trenches with a. machine gun, and held It un der heavy fire after nearly all his comrades had been killed. When the British supply of bombs ran out, Campbell took up another exposed post and succeeded single-handed in repulsing the German counterattack. He succumbed to his wounds soon after. * * War has brought such a commer cial boom to Archangel, Russia’s northernmost port, that it seems to be becoming a sort of Arctic Circle New York. Henry D. Baker, United States commercial attache at Petro- grad, who has made a visit to Arch angel, reports that one hundred warehouses and thirty piers have been built there during the last few months, and that huge quantities of freight are continually passing through on their way to other points in Russia. • • Despite the war it is probable, ac cording to a dispatch from Berlin that trotting and steeplechase racing will be revived soon in Germany. It is expected that the first meets will be held at Mariendorf, near Berlin, and Karlshorst. • • "France can count on my Immov able will to struggle on until com plete victory is achieved.” the Czar of Russia said recently in a talk with Jean Cruppi, former French minister of foreign affairs. The Czar also told M. Cruppt that he Is constantly re ceiving letters from Russian peasants urging him to stand firm and assur ing him that they are behind him. • • German generals holding the lines on the western battle front have been the recipients of high praise and honors from the Kaiser for warding off French and English attacks while the bulk of the German armies were busy fighting the Russians. Five of these commanders have been reward ed with the order Pour le Merit* Of these one. von Heerlngen has figured again and again In the war news since the beginning of hostilities, but the names of the other four—Gen erals von Falkenhausen, Gaede, von Strantz, and von Fabeck—are com paratively new to newspaper readers ill RAID DEM? ~ a ) NEW YORK HERALD SAYS 6REAT DAMAGE DONE Pi LONDON r ' CENSORS SUPPRESS NEWS SERVIAN PREMIER PRAISES ATTITIIDE OF BIS NATION Says She Has Whipped Austria and Conceded Territory Asked for by liulgaria. Paris, Friday: “Servia has done her duty fully as an ally,” said Pre mier Pachitch, as quoted by the cor respondent at Nish of the Petit Pa- risien. “First, she has soundly beat en the Austrians, second, she has made the concessions asked of her by her great Allies in order to bring Bulgaria into the Balkan entente. “Whether Bulgaria will come into the entente ia another question. “The Balkan states are deeply con cerned over the reported concentra tion of the enemy north of Serv.: the purpose of going to the assistance of the Turks. As a matter ol no army of the enemy has assembled in the Danube. We have continuous and detailed reports from French avi ators on this point. “Moreover,” the premier added in a tone of deep conviction, “the Ser vian army has been reorganized and is well supplied with munitions. It would render most difficult for the enemy, a crossing of the mountainous country. He would require at least four hundred and fifty thouuand men to make the attempt. Whe^e would the Germans find them now?” BRYAN MAY GO TO EUROPE ON MISSION OF PEACE Editors of American Newspapers in Foreign Tongues Would Send Ex-Secretary Abroad. { Plans to send Former Secretary Bryan on a mission of peace to the warring nations of Europe were the subject pf a conference at Washing ton Friday between the former cabi net officer and Dr. William Forgo, representing editors of t American newspapers published in foreign lan guages. Before visiting Mr.-Bryan, Mr. Forgo, In a public statement, set forth the plan as so far developed, which contemplates a personal visit by Mr. Bryan to belligerent nations to argue for peace. In his statement Dr. Forgo said that Mr. Bryan already had. given him the impression that If. the trip were undertaken, Mr. Bryan himself will for the love of the cause not only sacrifice bis time bub will also pay his own expenses. The state ment lauded the former secretary <«f ■tate 1 saying “that in all Enrope, In belligerent or neutral countries, there Is no American held in greater es teem than Mr. Brypa.*’ Dr. Forgo ■bid Mr. Bryan would probably an nounce bis plans after the confer- 1 church are near American Newspaper Says World May be Shocked at Tale of Destruction Which May Come From Capital fit Any Time—No Confirmation of Disaster. The New York Herald says it has received information which, while vague, conveys a hint, and even more than a hint, of. a Zeppelin massacre in Ijondon last Wednes day night. Added to this, the Brit* ish colony and business men who have connections in London are convinced that when the full ac count of the latest raid is allowed to pass the censors it will tell of a tragedy unequalled in history. In publishing the following, the paper says' it lias no desire to cause alarm bq those who have friends or relatives In London, but to direct attention to the possible tragic message that may come at any mo ment from the British capital. The British censor on the day following the raid, allowed word to lie cabled to the effect that no Americans were killed. # ' Members of the British colony in New York are aroused and alarmed by reports that behind the curtain of silence with which the British censors have shrouded the details of the last Zeppelin invasion of London may He the most terrible story of death and destruction that the war so far has brought to England. Sweeping over the cables into New York since last Wednesday night a week ago, when the German dirigi bles swept over the heart of London, dropping bombs that dealt death and flame, there have come only the vagua and most guarded reference to the raid. Behind these dispatches, rigidly condensed by the censor, there appear*. It was whispered among the Britons, to be hidden n story of de struction which will amaze the world when the full truth becomes known. These dispatches, mere fragment/ of facts, have come to merer ntlle houses which have offices near Tra falgar Square, which seems to have been the object of the Zeppelin at tack on London. Dispatches have come to Englishmen who have rela tives there, and all of them have in creased the fear which la felt for the safety of friends and members of families wbo hare connections In this country. „ Bankers and brokers who support staffs of correspondents and who have code* which ordinarily manage to convey the true farts of situations, despite the strict censorship, were baffled in their attempts to obtain anything like a comprehensive story of what really occurred that wild night when the sky hosts of the Kais er dropped their mighty explosives and inflammable* into that part of liondon which is the centre of Its night life. The newspaper dispatches which have been printed since the London censor permitted the first meagre no tice of the raid to pass are strangely conflicting. Dispatches which might tell the story of the exact damage done, through manipulation of appar ently harmless phrases, are lackii.g. It Is evident that the censorship is preventing anything but wrords which may have no double meaning from being sent from London, and In many cases It appears that dispatches to prevent such a result are being re formulated by the censors. Repeated cables of inquiry sent by Englishmen in New York to business associates, friends and relatives seek ing information remain unanswered. Beyond the brief formal announce ment by the war office that Zeppelins had killed twenty persons, wounded many and had set afire some build ings nothing definite is known of the attack. Appeals to the British em bassy in Washington for news were without result. The mere fact, however, that ■tombs were hailed on persons and buildings in the vicinity of Trafalgar Square tells a more sinister story than pages of detail could. Trafalgar Square is the core of London. With in a radius of a mile are located her greatest official and private struc tures, her palaces, her legislative halls, her theatres and hotels. The attack was made early in the evening .according to newsprper dis patches, which tell as broadly as the censor permitted of the hosts of men, women and children who dashed from the tres\and hotels to peer into the sky where\he Zeppelins floated” above the musnfoom of shrapnel from the anti-air draft guns. ' Various dispatches to newspapers mention the appearance of flames and the crackling of broken structures, And In this vicinity there are no very unimportant structures. The Chicago Daily News correspondent cabled to his office that the Daily News office, at Trafalgar Square and Northumber land avenue, was safe, and thereby conveyed the fact that the attack had been.made In the. heart of the city. Another correspondent is a brief dis patch said the "eastern counties” of London were bombarded. The words "eastern counties” is a code for the centre of London. Almost within & stone’s throw of Trafalgar Square are grouped the city’s greatest hotels. There are the Metropole, the Victoria, the Carlton. Morley’s and the Grand hotels. And in. between and around theta are the theatres and the supper cluba, where the night life of London has Its belngr Buckingham Palace, the residence of the King; Westminster Abbey, the. Parliament building and St. Jamee’ by Retween Tra falgar Sqmare afed the Thames ri _ Just soutn of the eqaare fa Whitehall, and here are grouped the buildlaga from which the destinies of the British empire are swayed. There are the Admiral ty building, the Wfir Office, the Treasury building and the other structuree wherein official Britain has its being. To the northeast, and evidently in the wake of the Zeppelins on that night, are the Strand and Fleet street, the home of London’s-news papers. On the northwest side of the square is the National Gallery and across the street is the quaint, hoary old church, St. Martln’s-ln-the-Flelda. To the southwest Is the Mall, which caresses St. James’ Park and Buck ingham Palace, which, llel at its end. That some of, these structures, which are the visible founts of Great Britain’s power, were damaged or de stroyed Is apparent from the edi torials In the London newspapers which have been cabled here. The Dally Telegraph said on Thursday morning: “The only effect produced by these Zeppelin attacks Is to demonstrate the perfect efficiency of the fire de partment and renew the determina tion of Londoners to crush the bru talized spirit which inspires these senseless outrages.” It will be remembered that pre vious raids on England from sea and air have received summary treatment at first from the censor. The raid on Scarborough, the first of the outrages of the Germans against an unprotect ed, non-combatant people, was men tioned casually. Other air raids on London suburbs and other points in England have been treated as affairs of no importance, but eich time, though these attacks fell on districts not thickly settled, the death toll and the damage were great. The official record of the dead and wounded in all air raids is given as 117 dead, 310 wounded and two missing. This Includes the official list of twenty dead as a’result of Wednesday’s at tacks. but whether the list of the lat est victims Is correct is not known definitely. The world is awaiting the opening of the cables or the arrival here of mail which has escaped the censor’s eye and which will tell the story of the rain of death and fire from the skies. ALLIES GAVE LOST CHANCE OF AID FROM BULGARIA is cm win r~“2S ADVANCE IN PINSK Roumanian Press Ray Hope is Qowe ■ Paris Reports Serious Opposi tion to Scheme in Sofia. Hurhareat, Konmanta, via London F-riday: “The allies know that la no cass may they count on Bulgaria’s help on the Gallipoli peninsula,” saya the semi-official Independence Ro- malne in an article dealing with the Turco-Rulgarian agreement. "They have lost that part of their diplo matic contest in the Balkans. It re mains to be seen how the other part will come out. King Ferdinand will leave soon for a week's vocation on the Danuke. This fact completely dis poses of reports concerning the activ ities of Roumanian troops on the frontier, which in reality ars nothing mor^than the annual manoeuvres.' Paris reports: A dispatch of the Balkan agency from Bucharest says that the leaders of nil the opposition parties in Bulgaria have held a meet ing at which it was decided to pub lish an appeal to the country explain ing the international political citua- tlon as affecting that nation. The appeal will be mado on the ground tnat under the present circumstances the attitude taken by the government is perilous. The Bulgarian government's deci sion to make terms with Turkey has met with considerable opposition. Ad vices from Bucharest recently report ed a majority of‘Bulgarian statesmen as favoring a reapproachment with the quadruple entente, Servia and Greece. ESSAY ON THE EDITOR What a Utile Boy Wrote in a Neigh boring Town. s A nearby exchange say? a little boy in town was asked by his father to white an essay on editors and here is the result: “I don’t know how news papers came to be in the world. I don't think God does, for he ain’t got nothing to say about them and editors in the Bible. ”1 think he is one of the missing links you read of, end stayed in the bushes until after the flood and then came out and wrote the thing up, and has been here ever since. I don’t think he ever died; I never saw a dead one and never heard of one be- ng licked. “Our paper Is a mighty good one, paw ain’t paid his aubscription since the paper started. I asked paw if that was why the editor had to suck the juice out of snowballs in winter and go to bed when he had a shirt washed in summer. And then paw took me out'into the wood-shed and he licked me awful hard. "If the editor makes a mistake folks say he ought*to be hung; but if a doctor makes a mistake he buries it and people dassent say anything because doctors can read and write latln. . “When an editor makes a mistake there are lawsuits, and a big fuss, but if a doctor makes one there Is a funeral, cut flowers and a perfect si lence. If the doctor goes to see an other man’s wife he charges for the visit but if the editor goes he gets a charge of buckshot. “When a doctor gets drunk It’s h case of being overcome with the heat, and if he dies, it’s heart trouble; when an editor gets drunk it’s a ease of too much boose, and if he dlee it’s the JimJams.” Norwegian, through who In according to a beep traveling NEW YORK SPECTATOR LOOKS FOR DEMAND AFTER WAR WORLD’S SUPPLY IS LOW —.1 Cotton Mills are Not Loaded Up, Nor are Merchasits and Boyers Counts on Germany and Austria Asking for 5,000,000 Bales Whenever They Can be Delivered. Eugene G. Scales, who operated with James A. Patten In the 1909 cotton pool as a member of the so- called “Big Four,” and who was reputed to have made and lost a for tune of 310,000,000, is a bull In the present cotton market. Mr. Scales talked for publication recently. It was the second time In his life that he ever did such a thing, says the New York Times, but, as he put it, he- felt he was justified. The first time was in 1909, when another big cotton operator tried to promote a plan for hoarding cotton in the South. ‘E. G.,” as "tne Street” calls Mr. Scales, thought such a plan would be ruinous and he told his Texan friends not to be foolish. It was the European war that caus-, ed “E. G." to talk. There was such confusion in the minds of cotton growers and dealers as to the effect of the war on cotton, he said, that an “old timer” bight help to clarify the situation. And don’t think I'm going to give you an optimistic interview because of my market position,” said the op erator. “To-day I am long less 5,000 bales of cotton. I have studied the cotton market Intensely for twenty years, and am basing my calculations on the government’s figures.” ‘E. G.” said short sellers of cotton had better “go into hibernation” be fore it was too late. Every sign indi cated a general prosperity, he Insist ed, and cotton would share in that prosperity. The South was fortified with plenty of money, he said', and would prevent any repetition of last year's calamity in the cotton trade. The bean were all wrong, he said and wonld soon find out that their ar guments were not well founded. This is a time for optlmlatfi, the cotton speculator said, and the gov ernment's figures, ahowtag a 10 per cent, reduction In acreage, should convince any one of that While ad mitting that a sadden peace would upset the market temporarily, he gave it as his view that within month after peace was declared there would be a great scrambling among nations for this co/ntry’s cotton. "I can see nothing hut good bust ness In America, at least for the next few years,” said Mr. Scales. “The steel mills are busy, and that la the test. America has the stuff to selL and big business must be the result. “The cotton mills are not loaded up with cotton, and neither are the merchants, wholesalers, or retailers They are all carrying the minimum of cotton in stock. These people must buy eventually. In addition, Europe will use a great deal more of cotton In the next few years than she nsed in the last few years. Things once made of silk in Europe will be made of cotton after the war is over. My Idea is that the stocks of dry goods throughout the world are down to low ebb, other countries being worse off than America. “So I maintain most strongly that there is an enormous short interest in cotton. America next season will con sume between 6,500,000 and 7,000,- 000 bales of cotton. Europe takes 65 per cent, of our cotton, and the short in will be even greater tn Europe than in America. The short interest in actual cotton is the most enormous in the history of the cotton trade.” In this connection Mr. Scales main tained that when the buying of the mill owners did begin in earnest they would find themselves In competition with the speculators. There would be a wave of speculation, he said, similar to that in the stock market when the war stock adjusted them selves to new conditions. ’’There's Germany,” continued the cotton man. “The other day she of fered to buy 1,000,000 bales of cot ton at 15 cents a pound, delivered in Bremen. Before this year’s crop has passed away Germany will buy that cotton and store if in Aouarica await ing peace for its shipment, and Ger many will pay 15 cents for it here.” “Well, what do you think will hap pen to the price of cotton?’' a report er asked. "Now, I am not going to advise farmers what to do with, their cot ton,” he replied. "I can only give them my Idea of the future price. I am firmly convinced that the present prices are deceiving no one but themselves, and are robbing no one bnt their own wives and children "In my opinion, cotton during this season will sell very, very high—how high 1 do not believe any cotton man can guess within 2 cents a pound. It ♦ill go two cents a pound higher than the normal range oi vision of even aa optimist. \ ‘ -* • “What I say, of course. Is on the assumption that the war #111 continue for another year or two. I do not be lieve there is a man living who,would be willing to bf short of cotton over night at 13 cents a pound if he knew that peace would be declared. Yon can say for me, however, that I, per sonally, would not be short and guar antee to stay short one month after peace was declared, even If the price were 15 cents a pound. If peace were declared Germany and Austria would want 3,006,000 hales out of this crop, an amount too large to give them out of a crop of only 13,000,000 bolus Codes would loop, not by points, but ,, • ? » : Battles in the Kao Great Vigor Fr the BtacJ LeadoB, Friday; Petrograd i the Russians are falling back In direction of Pinsk, capture of which was announced Thursday by the Ger* mans. Occupation of this town wu£ be expected to facilitate greatly tho progress of von Mackensen’s forces thrOugtrthe Prlpet marshes. ’ Stern battles a/s being fonght from Riga to the Roumanian border, and while the Germans continue to ad vance slowly in the north and centre, the Russians.In the south ars repost ing their successes againyt the Asa* tro-German armies, now being driven back across the Strips in Galicia and retiring westward, north of the Ga lician Vontler. While these Russian victories ars welcomed In Russia and the allied countries as an evidence that tho Russ1f|i armies are still ahls to tabs the offensive when supplied with am munition, there is no inclination to exaggerate their importance. The en gagements, however, keep the Ajm- tro-Germans busy and make it im perative to send southward reinforce ments which cotild be used to bette advantage in the north where voi Hindenburg is directing operations o much greater mo/tent. This general, who began his offen sive against the Vllna-Dvlnsk railway week ago, has not yet established himself on the line. His cavalry, which did reach It. had been driven back. Nevertheless he has driven tho Russians across tjie Dvina river north of Dvlnsk, placing that city la a rather dangerous joaltion. He also has advanced north of Vllna. South of Vllna, towards Grodno, the Russians are offering stubborn resistance and have the Germans firmly held. That U the situation, too, in the centre; Prince Leopold has been delayed in his advance. Von Mackensen has passed his forces through the Prlpet marshes and now hold* Pinsk. From this point south ward the Russians are advancing and have reoccupied a number of villages, but they are not likely to push their advance much further as It would make their northern flank vuiam able. R0URANU PLANS ID FWT; BULIAR1A ASKS EXfUlUTMl Bern to Meet The massing of Gorman and Aus trian troops on tho Roumanian fron tier has resulted in the Balkan nation making preparations for evontunll- tiee. A part of her army already has been mobilised and reserves have been ordered homo. A steadfast refusal of Ronmaata to permit transportation through her territory by Germany of military sup plies for Turkey to supposed to bare aroused tho animosity of tho central empires. Recent advices from Rome were la the effect that negotiations were un der way for tho formation of n mtm Balkan league to he composed efi! Roumania, Servia and Greece. Bul garia, it was said, waa not included; In the negotiations because of her agreement with Turkey by whlel%sho« will obtain possession of territoryv along the Dedeaghatch railway. Mon- tenegro probably would act in aeeerti with the other three powers as shn already is arrayed on the side of the Allies in the war. Because of the concentre Men C Greek and Roumanian troops on Cfe Bulgarian frontier, the Bulgarian fa eign minister has instructed the ref resentntlves of that country at libra and Bucharest to request aa tnima diate and definite explanation, accord ing fir-Sofia dispatches .to The Gior- nale d'ltalla. SHOULD ENC0URA6E NIUTU, DECLARES SENAT0RI1LL1UN National Security Leagues Gives Out Letter Written to South Caro- ■ Una's Senior Senator. “Encouragement ought to given in every possible way to the variotm states to drill and equip their militia to make them more efficient. The government ought to see to It that • supply of the necessary arms, with munitions enough to supply half a million men, should be kept on hand.” Senator Benjamin R. Tillman, ot South Carolina, chairmaiCof the Sen ate Committee on Naval Affairs, ex pressed thip sentiment in ^letter to the National Security-League, made public In Neto York last week. Sena tor Tillman was asked by President Wilson to form one of the conference committee which is to discuss na tional defence prior to the asoembltag of congress. The National Security League is eond acting n nation-wide campaign for preparedness and Bran- tor Tillman gives warm encourage ment in his letter. It reads: “I regard the matter of national defence aa a very burning issue, fen- conragement ought to be given in every possible way to the various states to drill and eqnlp their militia sufficiently to make them son effi cient Military trafplag, if It can toe brought about, should" every College for ’ country. Tho a properly edncaU troops should ho should he hept in: 2?,