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*.W. .*. •wv 5 .1. mv THE STEJUI ENGINE Its History a Romance of Philoso phy and Mechanics. ip UNCLE SANTS FINE EXHIBIT. W * IK Th#. Mumuiw 4. •t Washington National s Showa Mm rirat Crwdo Maohino* Made aa Wall aa Original* and Mod olo of tho First Locomotivoo. Probably no ninaeum collection In the world better 111uatrates the develop ment of the steam engine, particularly the locomotive, than the exhibit of the United States National mtdeum at Washington, which includes two of the earliest original locomotives and nu- merous models and accessories. The history of the steam engine Is a materialistic romance without parallel in the record of human acbl^vementa. It coven the atupendous and penlst- ent efforts of many early pbUoaopben and mechanlca who found ateam a mysterious uncontrollable force and left It a cemprebenslble controllable factor of public aervlce. No one knowa bow long after It was observed that by bolding down tbe lid of a kettle of boiling liquid a certain force was created, due to the com preealon of tbe ateam. before any use was attempted with this newly discov ered force. It is certain, however, that a sort of steam engine was exhibited In Alexandria. Egypt, about 200 yean before our en began, and It was de scribed In a work on pneumatics by Herwof Alexandria, written between , ISO and 130 B. C. This machine was a rotary affair, more theoretical than practical, aa wen many of tbe results of philosophy In those days. A recon etrnctton of this engine in model form Ik In tbe museum exhibits. Nothing more Is to be found concern ing tbe at Aim engine for centuries, a fact wblcb la no donbt due to tbe lack of Interest in anything which did not have to do with war or warlike Imple meats. A book published In Home in HB9 gives a description of tilovann! Bnnca s crude steam engine, showing It to have been an elementary steam turbine, with tbe sole defect tbat It lacked any appliances for making tbe steam follow tbe vanes, or buckets, of tbe revolving wheel, so tbat more of Its energy might have been converted Into useful work. One author In a treatise on locomotive* claims that bad acme geulua Improved upon this early device the reciprocating engine would probably never have been Invented, but tbat we would bave bad tbe advantage of our modern turbines much sooner. Tbe muieum possesses a model of a very early machine designed by Sir Isaac Newton In 1080 which was pro |ielled by a Jet of steam projected backward against tbe atr and a model of I»enls Papin's Invention of about tbe aame time. The Investigations of 8avery and Papin and tbe successful ' experiments! engines of Thomas New comen In 17W1 with hie piston and cylinder soon followed. Newcomen's ideas were Improved by Janies Watt In 17(10. who also Introduced the high pressure engines, the condenser and later tbe double acting engine. Tho development of the enxhie was advanc ed by Cugnot. Evans. Hornhlower and Murdoch. A model of the latter'a en gine la on display hi the museum. Aa the result of a wager mode by a resident of Merthyr Tydrtl. on Impor tant Iron town of South Wales, tbat be could convey a load of Iron nine miles by the power of steam alone Hh hard Trevithick made the drat eu gins *o run on rails In ISOit and won tbe wager for his employer the next year. Trevithick, It has lieen claimed, copied the stationary engine built In 1800 by Oliver Evans, an American, ■who was later Ingenious enough to at tach wheels to a scow and pro|>el It by steam through the streets of Philadel phia In 18m., This curious creation, called the Oruktor Ampbibolis, was the drat motorcar to run on American solL A model of Trevithick's engine la to be seen In tbe National muaeum. aa la also the model of the engine em ployed by John Stevena In 1825 and hla original tubular boiler. Other mod els llluatrate nearly all tbe types which began to put In their api>earance soon after 182d, when the Stourbridge Lion was built In England and strip ped to America, where it was the Brat engine to run on full sized rails. The muaeum possesses not only the model of this historic engine, but tbe orig inal engine Itself. The other original full sized locomotive to be seen In the museum is tbe John Bull, built by Oeorge Stephenson & Sons of England and shlpj>M to America for use in 1831 ou tbe Camden and Amboy railroad. It la interesting to recall tbat this old relic of early railroading in America made a round trip under its own steam In 1803 from New York to Chicago, where It was exhibited at tbe World's Colombian exposition. Among tbe models of early and his toric locomotives are Qeorge Stephen son’s Rocket which was built In 1829; *be B. and O. engine Tom Thumb, built by Peter Cooper in 1829; the grasshop per typ* engine Arabian of 1831; the Best Friend, used in 183(1-1: Baldwin’s Old Ironsides, constructed in 1832; tbe Sandusky, built In 1837, aud models of engines made by Aan Whit ney In 184U and C. A. NlcholU in 1848. Besides the two locomotives and the numerous engine models, there are la the exhibit coach and car models, section* of rails, spikes, w bwela and wwdeH and part* et-aulvaa. * and other oarfy accessor!r* pertaining to locomotives and rallraadn i I will Kir* a barbecue kod .dance on July 3rd at Davit’ Bridge. Everybody cordially invited to attend. I will have a floe band. B. J.' Week*. Williston, S. C., June 15. 1915. ' A. H. NINESTEIN HERBERT E. GYLES At^ornejra-at-Law BLACKVILLE, - - S. C. Will practice in all Courts. Money to loan on Farming Landa. H. R. ERWIN Civil Engineer and ‘ Surveyor • ALLENDALE, S. C. march 1916 > Thos. M. Boulware, LAW esrnte. not lea* Can than ATTORNEY AT Negotiate loan* on real g*t 7% money in sums 36,000.00. Office over Bank of Western Carolina, BmiHHELL S.C. EDGAR A. BROWN JAS. JULIAN BUSH Attomeys-nt-Law. , Money to Loan in any Amount for any Length of Time. Walker Building, - Barnwell, S. C. JoriN J. JoiMes Attorney and Counselor at Law Practice in all the State and Federal Courts of South Carolina and Georgia. Prompt attention given to Collections. Office 413 Dyer Bldg. AUGUSTA. - - GEORGIA Bell 'Phone 3237. DR. W. C. MILHOUS, OtnfUt. Offloe hours: 8:80 a. m. to 6 p. m. Persona living away from Barnwell will pleas* make appolclmenta before coming. ' By to doing they will be sure ot Immediate service end Dr. J. P. Lee, Jr, Dentist WILLISTON, - - S. C. Work done at your home anywhere in Barnwell County- Office over Bank of Williston, Hours 9 a. m. to 1 p. m. 3 to 6 p. m. 8-5-13-lv. Dr. J. W. Reeves Dentist In office last week of each month. Barnwell, South Carolina Ottics in llarrUon Building. <»et31-12-l vr ANNUAL REPORT OF COUNTY TREASURER e— — To his Honor, the Presiding Judge at the second term of the Court of Gen eral Sessions for Barnwell County, S'. C., for the year 1915: Deer Sir: N As required by Section 453 of the Code of Laws of South Carolina for 1912, I hereby submit my annual report showing amount of school claims ap proved by the County Superintendent A by me from 1st 31st (Jay of of Education and par day of June, 1914, to the May, 1915, inclusive. Respectfully, J. B. Armstrong, County Treasurer. Barnwell, S, C., May 31st, 1915. Sand Hill School Dist. No. 37, Ruth D Ratteree Cary Ahl J H Wall Cary Ahl 4 4 4 4 Carrie L Rhodes Cary Ahl Oak Grove School District No. Farmers Union Mercantile Co Mrs Sarah Hutto Eloise Morria J S Creech Paul Sanders / Mrs Sarah Hutto Eloise Morris 4 4 Mrs Sarah Hutto < W, H Duncan Mrs Sarah Hutto - Eloise Morris I « Mrs Sarah Huttp d H Lancaster Thos Carrot,. EtotoelftJrrtr ^ Mrs Sarah Hutto $40 00 40 12 37 40 40 40 25 25 25 43 330 37 38. $20 15 30 40 . 2 3 30 40 40 30 1 30 ? 40 40 aa. 19 25 ■n 22 50 Friendship School Dist. No. Annie Mae Jenkiaa ^ Angus Parson Aooie Mae Jenkins ‘ ‘ 4 . 4 4 -e 4 4 4 Victor Lewis H E Creech 39. 131 21 25 50 46 20 46 30 46 260 5 40 258 61 Tinkers Creek School Dist. No. 40. The Farmers Cnion MerCo $15 00 Mae E Truesdale 45 r J B Armstrong 20 Horace J Crouch 10 Mae E Truesdale 40 4 4 50 4 1 45 4 < . • . |C 45 ; •> - 270 Hickory Hill School Dist. No. 41. Mrs S E Miley $50 00 Lottie Thomas 50 < 4 ^ 50 Louise D Twiggs 25 4 4 25 Lottie Thomas 50 4 « 50 Louise D Twiggs 25 Lottie Thomas ‘ 50 Louise D Twiggs 25 Lottie Thomas 50 4 4 50 Louise D Twiggs 12 50 512 50 Morris School Dist. No. 42. Edna Anderson $49 00 J W Bates 5 4 4 1 60 N E Still 5 Charlie Brown 10 Laura Clary 4 4 42 40 Ida E Patrick 25 Laura Clary 42 15 Ida E Patrick 25 4 4 25 Laura Clary 40 20 W C Jennings 1 78 Laura Clary 40 - J A Porter 10 60 Laura Clary 60 422 33 Columbia School Dist. No. 43. R C Mixson $41 25 L F Cave 35 Jas J Cochran 13 Mrs Alice B Burch 45 4 • 45 4 4 45 Joe Ostricher 4 L F Cave 12 50 L Anderson A- Co 960 4 4 4 ' 6 45 Kittie Green 30 Joe Ostricher 606 M M Ostricher 30 Kitty Green M M Ostricker :w :» W A Parson 30 Kitty Green 30 Mrs Alice B Burch 45 M M Ostricher 30 Mrs Alice B Burch 45 4 t 45 W A Parson . t 30 Kitty W Green M M Ostricher 30, 30 W A Parson . 30 • 727 85 Fairfax School Dist. No. 44. Susie Albergotti $40 00 L> P McCain 140 97 FMora M Kenny 40 Zelle Loadholt 55 Flossie M Porter 40 J B Armstrong, hit on bonds 301 Union School Furnishing Co 113 50 A H Black 56 4 4 55 F C Chitty 8 46 G F Young 10 J A Harvev 18 J M Harvey 14 50 ElbeKa Riser 55 G G Butter Bank of Weatern Carolina J D Grandy * 4 * ' \ contractor SJ Woodward J D Graody Calhoun it Co P W Price J D Grandy ~ . Home Bank Wflltkm McNab, Agt J D Grandy Susie Albergotti Helen Easterling Zelle Loadhalt F C Chitty A H Black Zelle Loadholt Susie Albergotti Zelle Loadholt Helen Easterling F C Chittv « 4 Elberta Riser Susie Albergotti Helen Easterling F C Chitty A H Black J B Armstrong, treas S F Zelle Loadholt Elberta Riser I I Barnwell School Dist. No. Harry D Calhoun Geo G Butler J B Armstrong, Treas N Gilliard Walker P M Buckingham Harry D Calhoun Bates & Simms M B Hagood ' - , , Lemon Bros J D Grandy Barnwell People J D Grandy R .. S Bailey, Supt Geo G Butler J D Grandy J B Armstrong, Treas. (interest on bonds) D Grandy 2594 11 45. $100 00 35 625 700 2583 26 152 18 63 251 125 300 2723 345 225 28 355 265 520 ‘ 94 245 H R Erwin" R S Bailey J D Grandy G G Butler " ' ' r-- Home Bank J D Grandy R S Bailey William McNab Geo G Butler J B Armstrong, Treas Mutual Carpet Co L F Waldrop, contractor J D Grandy L F Waldron, contractor J D Grandy C C Owens Bank of Western Carolina J D Grandy ^ S J Woodward R S Bailey, Supt Geo G Butler John Eve Bank of Western Carolina W C Jennings Home Bank C C Owens Home Bank (note) Lemon Bros Geo G Butler , R S Bailey, Supt Commissioners Public Works Bank of Western Carolina P W Price ~ J B Armstrong, Treas (interest on bonds) > R A Deasoni - Peabody School Furniture Co Bank or Wester Carolina R S Bailey, Supt G G Butler J B Armstrong Treas (interest on bonds] 140 ■ 50 ’ 90 1880 53 07 140 3410 23 36 390 800 34 10 —125- 370 , 506 - 270 400 985 140 75 225 520 55 135 140 1 57 129 25 500 110 666 3117 93 128 70 50 60 25 520 55 140 28 50 100 75 124 3700 67 30 85 140 520 55 1000 1037 51 50 110 S D Williams Bent Losdhold 8 D Williams Isabel Weeks Bens Loadholt Ida Allen S D Williams Isabel Weeks .4 4 Bena Loadholt S D Williams Allen WTIiams ' Isabel Weeks Bena Loadholt Ida Allen Isabel Weeks J A Vernon Bena Loadholt River Side School Dist. No. Sallie McNab Francis Hicklin Sallie McNab ' -— 626 50 15 38 506 80 67 65 520 55 140 275 41874 02 Union School Dist. No. 46. Edith Folk Lue Beatrice Mingo Edith Folk Appleton School Dist. No. 47. Vera Thomas $< W W Flowers * 1 Rhodes Sc Gill Mrs W D Rice j , Rhodes Sc Gill Union School Furnishing Co K John B Williams Rhodes Sc Gill . 4 4 4 Vera T Thomas i ( V 4 • , Mrs W D Rice 4 • • 4 * Rhodes Sc Gill Mrs W D Rice - Vera T Thomas ! Mrs W D Rice Vera T Thomas r , B Loucile McMillan . ‘ Rhodes Sc Gill Vera T Thomas ( Mrs W D Rice ‘ Rhodes Sc Gill B Loucile McMillan 2 Mrs W D Rice . Vera T Thomas J K Loucile McMillan 2 Nora L Cave 1 4 4 4 f Vera T Thomas i J B Armstrong, County Treas (Library) . 1 Mrs W D Rice B Loucile McMillan 1 Rhodes Sc Gill Nora L Cave Vera T Thomas f Nora L Cave 2 Mrs W D Rice . Vera T Thomas J Barton School Dist. No. Xania Easterling W C Gray The Searson Drug Co Nita Penwell Francihia Southward Nita PenWell Francina Southward Nitg Penweir D B Moultrie Nita Pei^ell 133 25 125 150 21 47 Charlie Brown N G Walker Charlie Brown J D Grandy 4 4 4 R S Bailey, tSupt G G Butler J D Grandy R S Bailey, Supt N G Walker, Architect J D Grandy 625 1465 206 22J 200 118! 572 313 521 115 355 3065 325 225 200 520 100 700 300 50 Owen’s Cross Roads Schoi Ruby Kathleen MUey i ( 4 J F Boyles Mrs Ada Pace Laura Peeples W H Jones Laura Peeples Mrs Ada Pace Laura Peeples 1 25 30 Mrs Ada Pace 40 Laura Peeples 1250 Mrs Ada Pace 40 • « 4 40 10 459 41 Bloomingdale School Dist. No. 50. Mollie Bates $2100 A M Sanders 5 * * < 3 Inez Creech - , 40 4 4 1160 Carnie Williams , 20 Inez Creech ‘ 70 55 Carnie William* . 24 Inez Creech 40 Carnie Williams 22 Inez Creech - 41 25 4 4 ,4 V.-\. 45 25 . • • ■ ,, •’ . * " 4 342 65 Sycamore School Dist. Ho. 51. R F Loadholt $ 8 49 B R Loadholt 6 W K Allen 15 Bena Loadholt ' 50 4 4 and assistant 85 4 4 50 -Isabel! Weeks 35 - 869 79 Shady Grove School Dist. No. 52. Union School Furnishing Co. Rosa Wolfe E Glover 4 ^ Rosa Wolfe A R Tutep Rosa Wolfe 369 90 Ellenton School Dist. No. 53. Mayme Bush . $27 50 Evan E Settle 375 32 Jas B Kay 100 Sarah E Green 27 Jas B Kay 100 Sarah E Green 27 Jas B Kay 100 Sarah E Green 27 Floride Cary 45 Sarah Callahan 55 W F Duncan 5 Evan E Settle 320 32 t 1209 14 Meyers Mill School Dist. No. 54. B E Woodward $60 00 < 1 4 139'23 R M Mixson 3 70 T H Best v 165 C C Meyer 15 TH Best 175 R C Mixson 10 J F Swett 38 92 T H Best 160 Lance ((iodby 66 Elise Spenser 50 Leize Black 35 Elise Spenser 50 Leize Black 35 Dollie MeKeoxie Union School Furnishing Co Elite Spencer Leize Black Doiiie McKenzie __4 - ^ -2.4'... Leize Black Eliae Spencer kf£&r W7565 55. dti Hicklin FL Hick! Francis Hie! Sallie McNab Francis Hicklin Olee Barker Sallie McNab Francis Hicklin Olee A Barker 4 4 4 Sallie McNab 517 50 COUNTY BOARD OF EDUCATION. Mrs Dora Dee Walker $17 45 The Barnwell Sentinel 4 88 ‘ 4 People 4 50 1 4 Sentinel 9 4 4 People 9 ^ 4 Sentinel 5 4 4 • Sentinel u 3 75 W M Jones 25 50 R Boyd Cole 24 Horace J Crouch 100 J B Armstrong, Treas (Library) 10 The Barnwell Sentinel 22 50 * 4 4 . 5 Horace J Crouch 50 Mrs Dora Dee Walker 32 55 The Barnwell People 12 50 4 4 Sentinel 13 50 Miss Ollie Byers Mrs W D Rice The Barnwell Sentinel Miss Mary Rich J B Armstrong, Treas (Library) The Barnwell Sentinel 4 1 4 People • 13 59 R S Bailey 10 The Barnwell Sentinel 12 76 It 1 4 88 Mrs W D Rice 10 • ' 461 91 273 00 1572 50 470 18 (Dist. No. 49 $40 00 40 65 4<] 40 40 25 3 46 - v 25’ 40 40 ••y COOK /AT COMFORT THIS SUMMER Y OU can make your kitchen as livable as your living room —if you have a NEW .PER FECTION Oil Cookstove. No wood-box, no ash-pan, no coal-hod to bother with. A clean, cool kit chen, and half the drudgery gone. The NEW PERFECTION is quick and handy like a gas stove. It lights instantly, and gives you a bior volume of heat, easily regulated just by raising or lowering the wick. It is easy to operate, easy to clean, and easy to re-wick. 2,000,000 women say it’s “gas stove comfort with kerosene oil.” Ask your dealer to show you his NEW PERFECTION line— .stoves with one, two, three and dour burners. Note particularly NEW PERFECTION OVENS, pecially made for use on these stbves. Ideal for roasting and bakii _ Use Aladdin Security Oil or liiemond White Oil to obuin the best results in oil Stoves, Hesters and Lamps. *** ■ Ai-Vi •—ft* ■ STANDARD OIL COMPANY (Nsw JsrMjr) Charlotte, N. C D. C. Norfolk, Va. Ri^ooad, Va. (BALTIMORE)